河南省焦作市2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题

2024—2025学年高三9月质量检测考试 英 语 全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5 小题; 每小题 1.5分, 满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、 B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后、你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15. 答案是C。 1. What will the speakers do next? A. Buy a book. B. Fly to Canada. C. Go to the library. 2. What is troubling the man? A. Missing a course. B. Failing to finish the task. C. Choosing interesting books. 3. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Join her for dinner. B. Change the restaurant. C. Ski p Tony's birthday party. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The season. B. The clothing. C. The outdoor activity. 5. When will the speakers probably have a discussion? A. At 3:30 pm. B. At 4:00 pm. C. At 4:30 pm. 第二节 (共15 小题;每小题1.5 分,满分 22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man good at? A. Finding a good position. B. Arranging activities. C. Showing his confidence. 7. What does the man decide to do? A. Have a try. B. Think twice first. C. Visit the woman later. 听第7段材料，回答第8 至 10题。 8. What are the speakers doing? A. Enjoying a play. B. Cleaning the curtain. C. Watching a concert. 9. What does the woman think of David's performance? A. Rather amusing. B. A bit strange. C. Extremely catching. 10. What does the man thank the woman for? A. Sending him a hat. B. Finding him the back bag. C. Helping him with the chain. 听第8段材料，回答第11 至 13题。 11. Where does the woman plan to go? A. Paris. B. Birmingham. C. London. 12. Why does the woman make the call? A. To know about round- trip tickets. B. To book the“ Super Cheap” seats. C. To inquire about the possible cheap flight. 13. How will the woman probably go to her destination? A. By air. B. By train. C. By water. 听第9段材料, 回答第 14 至 17 题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Co- workers. 15. Why are landfills unpopular according to the man? A. They are smelly. B. They are bad for the land. C. They occupy people's residences. 16. What did people do to recycle in the past? A. They returned bottles. B. They reused deserted glass. C. They went to convenience stores. 17. Why should everybody try to recycle according to the man? A. Waste will hurt us all. B. Pollution contributes to disasters. C. Combined efforts make a difference. 听第 10段材料, 回答第 18 至 20题。 18. Why do we know little about Shakespeare? A. He has few works left. B. His works have been adapted. C. We can't find more accounts of him. 19. What are scholars trying to find about Shakespeare? A. His life experiences. B. His close relatives. C. His rare works. 20. What do we know about Shakespeare's education? A. He had no formal education. B. He learned from a rich man. C. He went to grammar school. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15 小题; 每小题2.5 分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four of the Best Riverside Stays in Europe Water World, the Netherlands Anna Biesbosch is a small log house in De Biesbosch national park, a wetland near Dordrecht. There's a wood- burning stove(炉子) for heating, cooking and hot water, and electricity from solar panels on the roofs. Swimming is prohibited in front of the house because of the beavers(海狸) there, but there is a swimming spot a short walk away. From €999 a night for two adults and a child. An Island on an Island, Germany Gut Üselitz, a 16th- century house on Rügen island, now houses seven modern holiday apartments. The apartments, which sleep two to six, can be rented separately, or the whole house can be hired. The nearest beach is Streler Sund, a 10- minute drive away, and guests can go boating and sailing nearby. From €140 a night, sleeps two. Family Fun, Algarve, Portugal This Portuguese farmhouse is in hills close to the Funcho River, with five double bedrooms and a family bathroom. There is a big pool and birding areas. The property is on the Via Algarviana walking path, and you can go surfing. It is a five- minute taxi ride from the train station. From €190 a night, sleeps 10. Private Rive Pier, Croatia The Old Oak House is a restored farmhouse on the banks of the Korana River. The three-storey house has three bedrooms, a natural spring, and woodland in the grounds, where guests can best enjoy parties with several friends. Mountains and the towns are a short drive away. From €1,050 a week, sleeps six. 21. What might be a disadvantage of Anna Biesbosch? A. No access to electricity. B. High price. C. No swimming spot nearby. D. Food shortage. 22. What is special about Gut Üselitz? A. It has a long history. B. It can accommodate over 100 guests. C. It offers water sports competitions. D. It's within reach of the train station. 23. Which house best suits visitors keen on bird watching? A. Anna Biesbosch. B. Gut Üselitz. C. The Old Oak House. D. The Portuguese farmhouse. B “ The water will turn to steam, which will power cars.” “ Yeah, that's a really cool idea.” This conversation is part of a lesson about technologies that reduce planet- heating pollution. It was lectured by Kirstin Milks, a science teacher at Bloomington High School. Climate change is the story of today's young people's lives. But Milks says,“ Our students need to know not just the stuff we hear about in the news, but also the actual difference we can make in our shared future.” Creativity is at the core of her lesson. After students learn the basics of climate engineering, they' re asked to come up with interesting wild ideas to slow global warming. In the first round of brainstorming, students imagine lots of ways to reflect light back into the atmosphere, like covering the desert in shiny glitter(闪光). Next, students are asked to consider the potential limitations and risks to their ideas. Take glitter in the desert for example:“ How are we going to make sure that the glitter doesn't get eaten by the rock pocket mouse ... or snakes?” Milks asks. The students suggest making the glitter large and smooth enough so it won't be eaten by animals or otherwise harm them. For their final assignment, students present their concepts, including their expected benefits and risks. Ben Kravitz, an assistant professor of earth and atmosphere science at Indiana University, who has carefully watched the whole lesson, says,“ The neat thing about seeing all of these ideas come out of the classroom is it's not *I can't do it'. It's ‘ we can do it’. Humans, when they get together. can do amazing things. And that's what gives me hope.” 24. What might be a purpose of Kirstin Milks' lessons about climate change? A. To find innovative ways to power cars. B. To encourage students to read news critically. C. To make science basics more accessible to students. D. To inspire students to play their part for the society. 25. What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A. Procedures of the lesson. B. The core value of creativity. C. Potentials of different students. D. The key concept of solutions. 26. Which can best describe Kirstin Milks' way of teaching? A. It prioritizes practical application. B. It focuses on theoretical knowledge. C. It encourages creative problem- solving. D. It highlights the risks of climate change. 27. Why does the author mention Ben Kravitz in the last paragraph? A. To prove Milks' point. B. To praise Milks' virtue. C. To support Milks' practice. D. To express Milks' hope. c It was 25 years ago, but I clearly remember the meeting when I drew a simple drawing of the vagus nerve(迷走神经), showing the signals it carried from the brain to the body to turn off inflammation(炎症). So it is with attraction and some confusion that I observed this decades- old discovery become a new social media trend. Lots of influencers suggest you can stimulate your vagus nerve by pressing your neck, singing or jumping in cold water. On TikTok alone, the vagus nerve has gathered more than 185 million views. But a very real distinction should be made between what influencers call vagus nerve“ stimulation” and the vagus nerve- stimulating devices approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to treat certain illnesses. There are two vagus nerves on each side of your neck, made up of over 100,000 fibres. Research from my lab and others shows that small, pacemaker- like(像心脏起搏器的) devices can turn on the inflammatory reflex(反射) to control the release of inflammatory proteins. But before accepting free social media advice on this topic, I recommend checking the evidence. Scientists are just starting to map and understand what the 100,000 vagus nerve fibres do. So, when you are advised to stimulate your vagus nerve by taking an ice bath, you should ask:“ Which of my vagus nerves?” The answer is that no one knows. In the lab, we can use specific, complicated techniques to stimulate selected vagus nerve fibres. We can force a communication flow from the brain to slow down the heart. But putting yourself in an ice bath isn't selective. It activates lots of vagus nerve fibres, and it also activates other nerves that control your fight or flight responses. So, sing a tune or even jump in a cold shower if your doctor says“ yes”, but as you cool down and think about the decades of scientific work that started you on the journey to stimulate this powerful nerve, just recall that there is still more work-- much more, in fact-- to be done. 28. What does the author's simple drawing show? A. The popularity of social media. B. The way to stimulate inflammation. C. The function of the vagus nerve. D. The route from the brain to the body. 29. What do we know about the vagus nerve- stimulating device? A. It is a small pacemaker. B. It activates inflammatory reflexes. C. It controls fight or flight responses. D. It is the same as vagus nerve stimulation. 30. How can we excite the vagus nerve in the author's opinion? A. By applying special techniques. B. By taking an ice bath. C. By slowing down the heart rate. D. By selecting the vagus nerve fibre. 31. What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A. Ice showers are medically approved methods. B. Social media is the main source of healthcare. C. The vagus nerve hasn't been fully understood yet. D. Health advice should be regulated through social media. D “ Why birds sing is relatively well- understood,” says Iris Adam, a behavioral scientist at the University of Southern Denmark. The big question for her was: Why do birds sing so frequently? Previous research suggests that constant singing uses a lot of energy and exposes birds to others, making them vulnerable by revealing their location and territory, which is highly dangerous. However, in a new study published in the journal Nature Communications, Adam and her colleagues offer a new explanation for this risky behavior. They suggest that songbirds may need to exercise their vocal(发声的) muscles to maintain top performance in their songs. These findings may also be relevant to human voices. Adam points out that if we apply these bird results to humans, any period of not speaking might lead to a loss in vocal performance. This insight suggests that songbirds could one day help us improve how we train and restore our own voices. Adam assumed the muscles that produce birdsong required daily exercise, so she designed an experiment on zebra finches— small Australian songbirds. Light is what attracts the birds to sing, so she prevented them from singing for a week by keeping them in the dark almost around the clock. The only exceptions were a few half- hour periods each day when the lights were turned on so the birds could eat and drink. After a week, the birds' singing muscles lost half their strength. Adam then tested whether this muscle loss affected the quality of the birds' songs. Although she couldn't hear any difference when comparing a male's song before and after the period of darkness, a group of female birds showed a clear preference: six out of nine preferred the song from a male who had been exercising his singing muscles daily. “ This study highlights that achieving master y in any skill requires a lot of practice,” says Ana Amador, a scientist at the University of Buenos Aires who was not involved in the research. 32. Which of the following best explains“ vulnerable” underlined in paragraph 2? A. Rarely found. B. Easily targeted. C. Directly poisoned. D. Actively defended. 33. Why are human voices mentioned in the text? A. To illustrate Adam's idea by comparison. B. To assess Adam's previous work accurately. C. To show the significance of studying birdsong. D. To stress the distinction between human voices and birdsong. 34. What is the basis for Adam's experiment? A. Birds need little practice for better singing. B. Light is a contributory factor in birds' singing. C. Weakening muscles result in less attractive songs. D. Male birds produce songs to attract female birds. 35. What's the best title for the text? A. Singing Invites Trouble to Birds B. Songbirds Help Restore Human Voices C. Vocal Muscles: the Secret of Birds' Singing D. Daily Singing: Essential for Birds' Vocal Muscle Fitness 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Summer often encourages people to spend time in a pool, lake, or ocean. Water can be both refreshing and relaxing—— and it's also a great setting for doing a heart- healthy workout, whether that's swimming laps or doing water aerobics(有氧运动). 36 Swimming is a full- body exercise that uses nearly every muscle in your body to force you forward. And because you' re horizontal(水平的) in the water, blood doesn't pool in your lower body like it does when you' re exercising upright. 37 Your heart becomes more efficient, which means your heart rate is a little lower during swimming compared with other types of exercise. Still, swimming requires a certain amount of skill. If it doesn't come naturally to you, water aerobics can be a good alternative. 38 The simplest version is pool walking or jogging, done in water that's at least waist- deep. Added resistance translates to extra calorie burn compared with land- based exercise. For example, a 150- pound person burns about 250 calories jogging for 30 minutes on land. 39 You can also do other moves like jumping jacks(开合跳) for a do- it- yourself water workout. 40 Water treatment features one- on- one exercises with a doctor for a number of sessions. Doing gentle exercise while staying in water takes stress off your joints, and the water's warm temperature has a positive effect. A. Water can be an ideal setting for people with injuries. B. But jogging in water for 30 minutes burns about 350 calories. C. In fact, water- based exercise offers several unique advantages. D. Doing water aerobics also targets the heart and muscles together. E. The conditions doctors treat include balance problems and body pains. F. That increases blood flow toward the centre of your body and your heart. G. Moving your body through water provides far more resistance than through air. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15 小题; 每小题1分, 满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Callie Clemens was close to falling asleep at around 11 pm. Just then a(n) 41 message on the Weibo page she runs—— Lost& Found Pets—— caught her eye. A puppy had been spotted crossing a road quickly in her neighbourhood. Weak 42 had been heard from inside a nearby drain(下水道), so there was likely another puppy— maybe more than one— 43 down there. Clemens sprang out of bed and 44 to the scene. Once there, she heard 45 cries echoing(回响) through the drain. She grabbed her son's 46 from her car and then walked down. She wasn't well 47 , and was not expecting to go into the drain. But nobody else was around and puppies were stuck in. Somebody had to do it! It was 700 meters of total 48 . She lowered herself with the only light from her flashlight and searched for any 49 sound. Around midnight, staffers from the local SPCA, an animal protection organisation, arrived and 50 Clemens in the drain. They searched end to end, side to side. 51 , at about 3 am, they found a tiny black puppy. While Clemens was still underground, one staff spotted another dog standing outside at one exit of the drain.“ We were very excited.” says Clemens, adding that the puppies weighed about five pounds and four pounds 52 . They were named Timmy and Tony and 53 by the SPCA. Clemens's 54 doesn't surprise people in her neighbourhood.“ Once she becomes focused on a 55 situation, she is unstoppable.” 41. A. emergency B. warning C. security D. advertisement 42. A. whispers B. cries C. noises D. clicks 43. A. attached B. thrown C. stuck D. abused 44. A. walked B. ran C. flew D. drove 45. A. frequent B. sharp C. desperate D. joyful 46. A. gun B. flashlight C. ball D. machine 47. A. informed B. motivated C. directed D. equipped 48. A. danger B. water C. darkness D. quietness 49. A. frightening B. possible C. surprising D. deep 50. A. joined B. arrested C. left D. awarded 51. A. At last B. In addition C. In that case D. As a matter of fact 52. A. totally B. respectively C. obviously D. suitably 53. A. made up B. put away C. found out D. taken in 54. A. determination B. optimism C. strategy D. gentleness 55. A. adoption B. trial C. rescue D. violence 第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The village homes sit partially hazy(朦胧的), with their white walls and black roofs 56 ( stand) out among the greens of the trees. The hazy 57 ( reflect) of the sunlight off the leaf creates a clear texture(纹理) reminding people 58 the Impressionists’ approach to light and shadow, yet the stillness of the colours and the lines is altogether Eastern in its charm. The painting, Autumn Haze, is the work of Lin Fengmian, one of the 59 ( master) of 20th century art. Featured alongside other works by Lin and his student Wu Guanzhong as part of a recent special exhibition at the China Art Museum in Shanghai, it seemed to pose a question: Is it possible to redefine what makes a painting, especially a landscape painting,“ Chinese”? Lin, 60 was born in 1900, thought the answer 61 ( lie) neither in looking back at traditional landscape paintings nor in the complete acceptance of Western art, 62 rather in the integration(融合) of East and West. Lin believed that Chinese art should combine the forms of expression in the West and the 63 ( emotion) needs of Eastern art. Lin also argued that basic art training should take nature as its subject and apply scientific methods to reproduce objects 64 ( correct) as the basis for creation. To that end, he asked his students to be among nature and draw there. Such practice was meant not to force them to make naturalistic art but to allow artists unrestricted creativity as they tried 65 ( grasp) the essence(本质) of things. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分 15 分) 假定你是李华, 你加入了一个名为“ Volunteer Community”的国际志愿者组织, 上周日你和组员完成了一次志愿活动，你受邀为此次活动写一篇报道。内容包括： 1. 前往的地方； 2. 完成的活动； 3. 你的感受。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 第二节 (满分 25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Everything changed for me when I entered high school. Among 790 freshmen, I never saw a single person I knew from middle school. At home I was just as lonely. My elder brother was a senior and was making decisions about his future in college. My little brother didn't want anything to do with me. My older sister was outgoing and never without her friends.“ They all fit in.” I thought. The comfort came— my mom was there waiting for my coming back. I was about to run towards her, hug her and get the bad feelings off my chest when I heard,“ Carole, your bedroom's a disaster. Why can't you keep it clean?” Another strike! The last thing I needed was criticism from my mother. I just wanted a few warm words from her.“ Mom, I…”I tried to explain my suffering but was interrupted by a telephone ring. “ One minute, Carole.” Mom walked away and answered the phone. It seemed that she was negotiating something with her editor. I saw her sitting down by her desk, nodding her head now and then, and carefully taking notes. I knew she was a great writer and mother, strict with herself and affectionate towards us. I also knew she was busy all these days, but still, I couldn't help feeling disappointed and upset. I went back to my room and pulled out my maths exercise. I started working out the first problem. Almost immediately, I saw I'd made a mistake.“ Wrong again!” I thought. I tore the paper out of my notebook, balled it up in my fist and threw it at the wastepaper basket. The paper ball landed on the floor. By the time I finished my homework, the floor had been littered with paper balls. Out of something unknown, it gave me a kind of satisfaction to see the mess I'd made. I kicked the paper balls under the bed and left the room without tidying it up. The next day, I came home to an empty house. I dragged myself to my bedroom as usual. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When I opened the door, I was astonished to see a fairly tidy room. I read the note again and again, and felt a weight lifted from me. 2024—2025学年高三9月质量检测考试 英语参考答案 英语试题 第 2 页(共 33 页) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 第一部分 听力 1—5 CBBAC 6—10 BBABC 11—15 BCAAB 16—20 ACCAC 第二部分 阅读 第一节 A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个欧洲最好的滨河度假胜地。 21. B 细节理解题。根据 Water World, the Netherlands部分可知, Anna Biesbosch 有炉子可以取暖和烹饪，有太阳能电池板供电，附近还有游泳场所，但是相比于其他几个地方，这里的收费价格偏高，两位成年人和一个孩子每晚收费 999 欧元。故选 B。 22. A 细节理解题。 根据 An Island on an Island, Germany 部分可知, Gut Üselitz是一个 16 世纪的房子，历史悠久。这个地方最多可容纳42 个人，也没有提供水上体育竞赛, 离得较近的是 Streler Sund沙滩。故选 A。 23. D 细 节 理 解 题。根 据 Family Fun, Algarve, Portugal 部分中的“ There is a big pool and birding areas.”可知, 在 The Portuguese farmhouse 可以观鸟。故选 D。 B 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一位高中科学老师设计的一节课，这节课让学生们有创造性地自己想各种解决气候变暖的办法，这样的课程不仅让学生受益匪浅，也受到了大学教授的高度评价。 24. D 推理判断题。 根据第四段“ Climate change is the story of today's young people's lives. But Milks says, ‘ Our students need to know not just the stuff we hear about in the news, but also the actual difference we can make in our shared future.’”可推断出, Milks 期望学生不仅仅了解气候变化的现状，而且真正为改变现状做出自己应有的贡献。故选 D。 25. A 段落大意题。第五段介绍了学生在这个课堂的整个学习过程。首先是学生学习气候工程的相关基础知识，然后由学生头脑风暴各种缓解全球变暖问题的方法。第一轮中学生提出观点，然后老师提出这些观点具有哪些局限性和危险，学生再完善观点，最后学生们整理他们的观点。因此，第五段主要介绍了 Milks老师上课的步骤。故选 A。 26. C 推理判断题。根据第五段可知, Milks课堂的核心是创造性，学生们首先被要求提出自己的想法，并想出解决问题的办法，然后学生们需要考虑想法背后的局限性和危险，最后学生们需要展示他们的概念，包括自己预设的好的方面和不好的方面。因此可以推断出 Milks在教学中是注重创造性解决问题的。故选 C。 27. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ The neat thing about seeing all of these ideas come out of the classroom is it's not ‘I can't do it'.‘ It's we can do it’.”可知, Ben Kravitz对这堂课的结果非常满意, 因此推测 Ben 是肯定和支持 Milks 的做法的。故选 C。 C 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。作者在文中说明刺激迷走神经能够对多种疾病有帮助，并区分了网络流行的迷走神经刺激方法和真正科学上的刺激方法，呼吁人们更多地关注科学方法和研究。 28. C 推 理 判 断 题。根据 第 一 段 中 的“ showing the signals it carried from the brain to the body to turn off inflammation”可知,作者画的草图展示的是从大脑到身体所传递的信号来阻止炎症，这恰好说明的是迷走神经的功能。故选 C。 29. B 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的 “ small, pacemaker- like devices can turn on the inflammatory reflex to control the release of inflammatory proteins”可知，类似心脏起搏器的小型装置可以启动炎症反射来控制炎症蛋白的释放，由此可知，这种迷走神经刺激装置能够激活炎症反射。故选 B。 30. A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“ In the lab, we can use specific, complicated techniques to stimulate selected vagus nerve fibres. We can force a communication flow from the brain to slow down the heart. But putting yourself in an ice bath isn't selective.”可知, 在实验室中，我们可以使用特定的、复杂的技术来刺激选定的迷走神经纤维。我们可以强制大脑的信息流来减慢心跳。但把自己放在冰浴中并不可取。因此作者认为应该采用特定的技术才能刺激迷走神经。故选 A。 31. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，虽然作者没有明确反对社交媒体中刺激迷走神经的方法，但作者希望公众的关注点在迷走神经的科学研究上。根据“ just recall that there is still more work— much more, in fact— to be done” 可知，科学研究还未能真正将迷走神经研究透彻。故选C。 D 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，鸟儿频繁歌唱的原因是为了锻炼其发音器官的肌肉以确保有完美的歌唱表现。 32. B 词 义 猜 测 题。根据 第 二 段 中 的“ constant singing . .. by revealing their location and territory, which is highly dangerous”可知, 频繁的歌唱会暴露鸟类的位置和领地，这对鸟类是非常危险的。因此, vulnerable 在此处的意思是“容易成为目标的”。故选 B。 33. C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“ Adam points out that if we apply these bird results to humans, any period of not speaking might lead to a loss in vocal performance. This insight suggests that songbirds could one day help us improve how we train and restore our own voices.”可知，研究鸟类的发声习惯可以为人类的声音训练和康复提供有价值的见解，强调了研究鸟类歌唱的重要性。故选 C。 34. B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“ Light is what attracts the birds to sing, so she prevented them from singing for a week by keeping them in the dark almost around the clock.”可知, 光能吸引鸟儿歌唱, 所以 Adam几乎全天候地让它们在黑暗中待了一个星期，阻止它们唱歌。 由此可知， Adam是基于“光是鸟类歌唱的一个促成因素”这个原则做实验的。故选 B。 35. D 标题归纳题。文章主要探讨了鸟类频繁歌唱的原因。研究发现，鸟类歌唱的频繁性是为了锻炼它们的发声肌肉，以维持歌唱的最佳表现。因此，最佳标题应该能够概括这一核心观点。选项D直接指出了日常歌唱对鸟类发声肌肉健康的重要性，这与文章的主旨最为吻合。故选 D。 第二节 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种水上运动，包括游泳、水上有氧运动和水上治疗，每种运动都有各自的优势和好处。 36. C 根据上文中的 “ Water can be both refreshing and relaxing”可知, 上文谈论的是水的好处，而下文讲到的是几种水上运动的优点，因此这里需要一句话起到承上启下的作用, 正好对应“ water- based exercise offers several unique advantages”。故选 C。 37. F 根据上文可知，因为在水中你是保持水平状态的，血液不会像当你保持直立状态时堆积在你身体的低矮部位，而下文提到你的心脏变得更高效，这里需要一句话承上启下，也就是水平状态会增加流向身体和心脏中心的血液流量。故选 F。 38. D 从本段前两句话可知，这里谈到的是水上有氧运动可以作为替换游泳的一种方式，那么接下来肯定提到的是水上有氧运动的优势所在，正好对应D项“水上有氧运动能够提升心脏和肌肉”。故选 D。 39. B 根据上句可知，一个 150磅重的人在陆地上慢跑30分钟大约消耗250卡路里，本空与上句是转折关系，B项“但是在水中慢跑 30 分钟可以燃烧大约 350 卡路里。”符合语境。 故选 B。 40. A 从本空后的句子可知，本段主要谈论的是水上治疗的好处，A项“水中可能是受伤者的一个理想的场所”可以作为本段的主旨句。故选 A。 第三部分 语言运用 第一节 Callie Clemens 救助被困在下水道中的小狗的故事。 41. A 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文可知，故事发生在晚上11 点左右，而从下文可知 Clemens参与了救助，因此这是一个紧急事件( emergency)。 故选 A。 42. B 考查名词词义辨析。此空是原词复现，根据45空后的 cries 可知，这里表达“从近 处 的 下 水 道 中 传 来 微 弱 的 嚎 叫 声( cries)”。 故选 B。 43. C 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文可知，可以从就近的下水道中听到非常虚弱的嚎叫声，因此小狗在那里应该是无法自行离开的，因此推测小狗是被困( stuck) 在那里。故选C。 44. D 考查动词词 义 辨析。根据下 文 的“ from her car”可知, Clemens 从车中拿了些东西, 因此 Clemens 是开车( drove)去的。故选 D。 45. C 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文可知，小狗应该是被困在下水道中，并且发出了微弱的嚎叫声，因此这里推断小狗的状态应该是绝望的( desperate)。故选 C。 46. B 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文可知， Clemens在下水道里是拿着手电筒照明的，因此这里 Clemens从车中拿的应该是儿子的手电筒( flashlight)。故选 B。 47. D 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的“ was not expecting to go into the drain”可知, Clemens没有装备( equipped)好。故选D。 48. C 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文可知，下水道中唯一的光源来自 Clemens的手电筒，因此下水道中一片漆黑( darkness)。故选 C。 49. B 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文可知， Clemens在下水道中寻找的是小狗， 因此需 要 去 听 和 去 搜 寻 的 是 任 何 可 能 的( possible)声音。 故选 B。 50. A 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文提到，在午夜左右，来自 SPCA(动物保护组织)的员工到了并且加入( joined) Clemens 一同寻找小狗。故选 A。 51. A 考查短语辨析。根据上文可知，他们从一头搜索到另一头，从一边搜索到了另一边, 终于( At last)找到了一只小狗。 故选 A。 52. B 考查副词词义辨析。根据上文可知，两只小狗的体重分别是( respectively)五磅和四磅。故选 B。 53. D 考查短语辨析。根据“ by the SPCA”可知，这两只小狗被 SPCA 组织收容了( taken in)。故选 D。 54. A 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文可知， Clemens是一个一旦专注于某件事情， 就不会停下的人，因此她有着强烈的决心( determination)。故选 A。 55. C 考查名词词义辨析。根据全文可知，这个故事讲的是一个救援的故事，因此这里指的是“一旦她关注一个救援( rescue)场景”。故选 C。 第二节 56-65题评分标准：严格按照答案批改，有拼写错误或大小写错误不给分。 参考答案： 56. standing 57. reflection 58. of/ about 59. masters 60. who 61. lay 62. but 63. emotional 64. correctly 65. to grasp 答案解析： 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了艺术大师林风眠及其作品的创作理念。 56. standing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, stand 与其逻辑主语 their white walls and black roofs 之间是主动关系, 应用其现在分词形式作宾语补足语。故填 standing。 57. reflection 考查词性转换。根据句子结构可知，设空处作句子的主语，应用名词形式。故填 reflection。 58. of/ about 考查固定搭配。短语 remind sb of/ about sth表示“提醒某人某事”。故填 of 或 about。 59. masters 考查名词复数。根据空前的 one of可知， 此空应填可数名词的复数形式。故填 masters。 60. who 考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指人且作主语。 故填 who。 61. lay 考查谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，这个句子缺少谓语动词, 而 the answer 和 lie 之间是主动关系。根据前面的 thought可知此空应用动词的过去式。故填 lay。 62. but 考查连词。根据句意，此处表达的是“这个答案不在于回看传统风景画，也不在于全然接受西方艺术，而是东西方的融合”。此空应填转折连词。故填 but。 63. emotional 考查词性转换。根据句子结构可知，这里缺形容词来修饰 needs。故填 emotional。 64. correctly 考查词性转换。根据句子结构可知,这里修饰短语 reproduce objects 应用副词作状语。故填 correctly。 65. to grasp 考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知, 这里需要作 tried的宾语, try to do sth 意 为 “试图 做 某 事”。故 填 to grasp。 第四部分 写作 第一节 【参考范文】 Last Sunday our Volunteer Community organized a meaningful volunteer activity. As scheduled, we gathered at the entrance to the nursing home at 9 am. On arriving, we were warmly welcomed and greeted by the elderly. After a short chat with them, our first assignment started—a thorough cleaning. Two hours saw our hard work and great improvement of the nursing home. Then we performed an English song and a dance show for the elderly, which brought smiles to their faces. Not only did the activity bring laughter to the elderly, but we also had a better understanding of volunteers' spirit. 【评分标准】 一、评分原则 1. 本题总分为 15 分，按五个档次给分。评分标准同高考标准。 2. 评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。 3. 词数少于 60 和多余 100的, 适当扣分。 4. 评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容重点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性、上下文的连贯性。 5. 拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写词汇和用法均可接受。 6. 如书写较差以致影响交际的，将分数降低一个档次。 二、各档次的给分范围和要求 第五档 (13—15分)：完全达成了试题规定的任务，完全达到了预期的写作目的。 一覆盖全部内容重点。 一应用了许多的语法结构和词汇。 —语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为因使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致； 具备较强的语言运用能力。 一有效使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。 第四档 (10—12分)：完全达成了试题规定的任务，达到了预期的写作目的。 一虽遗漏 1、2个次重点，但覆盖全部主要内容。 一应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。 —语法结构或词汇方面应用基本正确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。 一应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。 第三档 (7—9分)：基本达成了试题规定的任务，整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。 一虽遗漏一些内容，但覆盖全部主要内容。 —应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。 一有些语法结构或者词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。 一应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯。 第二档 (4—6分)：未恰当完成试题规定的任务，信息未能清楚地传达给读者。 一遗漏或未描绘清楚一些主要内容，写了一些不相关内容。 —语法结构单一、词汇项目有限。 一有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。 一较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺乏连贯性。 第一档 (1—3 分)：未达成试题规定的任务，原因可能是未理解试题要求。 一显然遗漏主要内容，写了一些不相关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。 —语法结构单一、词汇项目有限。 —许多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。 一缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。 不得分 (0分)：未能传达给读者任何信息；内容太少，没法评判； 写的内容均与所要求内容不相关或所写内容没法看清楚，逻辑混乱。 第二节 【参考范文】 When I opened the door, I was astonished to see a fairly tidy room. My mom had obviously cleaned it herself. Thinking of the mess I deliberately made under the bed, I hurried to my bed and bent down to take a look. To my great surprise, the floor had been cleaned as well. All the paper balls had disappeared. A mixed feeling surged through my whole body. As I stood up and froze for a while, I noticed a note lying on my desk. Picking it up, I recognized my mom's perfect handwriting at once:“ Dear Carole, I am critical of myself, and I have found that I have also been very critical of you lately. For that, I'm truly sorry. I just expect that you are to be your sweet self. Love, Mom.” I read the note again and again, and felt a weight lifted from me. It was replaced by something as soft and comforting as Mom's hug. I knew Mom still loved me the same way, and she cared about me even when she was over occupied by work all the days. Tears were streaming so fast that my vision was a bit unclear. Mom had said sorry to me, and I owed her the same. When she got home, I rushed to her and couldn't wait to tell her all I had bottled up inside. Embarrassed, I soon found my brothers standing by and looking at me smilingly. On the couch, we sat side by side, sharing all the stories and feelings as the sun set. 【评分标准】 一、评分原则 1. 本题总分为25分，按七个档次进行评分。 2. 评分时，应主要从内容、词汇语法和篇章结构三个方面考虑，具体为： (1) 续写内容的质量、完整性以及原文情景的融洽度。 (2) 所使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性。 (3) 上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性。 3. 评分时，应先根据作答的整体情况确定其所属的档次，然后以该档次的要求来综合衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。 4. 评分时还应注意： (1) 词数少于130的, 酌情扣分; (2) 书写较差以致影响交际的，酌情扣分； (3) 单词拼写和标点符号是写作规范的重要方面，评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑，英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。 二、各档次的给分范围和要求 第七档 (22—25分) —创造了新颖、丰富、合理的内容，富有逻辑性，续写完整，与原文情境融洽度高。 一使用了多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达流畅，语言错误很少，且完全不影响理解。 —自然有效地使用了段落间、语句间的衔接手段，全文结构清晰，前后呼应，意义连贯。 第六档 (18—21分) —创造了丰富、合理的内容，比较有逻辑性，续写比较完整，与原文情境融洽度较高。 一使用了比较多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达比较流畅，有个别错误，但不影响理解。 一比较有效地使用了语句间的衔接手段，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯。 第五档 (15—17分) —创造了基本合理的内容，有一定的逻辑性，续写基本完整，与原文情境相关。 一使用了比较恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达方式不够多样性，表达有些许错误，但基本不影响理解。一使用了语句间的衔接手段，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯。 第四档 (11—14分) 一创造了基本完整的故事内容，但有的情节不够合理或逻辑性不强，与原文情境基本相关。 一使用了简单的词汇和语法结构，有部分语言错误和不恰当之处，个别部分影响理解。 一尚有语句衔接的意义，全文结构基本清晰，意义基本连贯。 第三档 (6—10分) 一内容和逻辑上有一些重大问题，续写不够完整，与原文有一定程度的脱节。 一所用的词汇有限，语法结构单调，错误较多且比较低级，影响理解。 一未能有效地使用语句间的衔接手段，全文结构不够清晰，意义不够连贯。 第二档 (1—5分) 一内容和逻辑上有较多重大问题，或有部分内容抄自原文，续写不完整，与原文情境基本脱节。 一所使用的词汇非常有限，语法结构单调，错误极多，严重影响理解。 —几乎没有使用语句间的衔接手段，全文结构不清晰，意义不连贯。 第一档 (0分) 一未作答 一所写内容太少或无法看清以致无法评判。 —所写内容全部抄自原文或与题目要求完全不相关。 附听力原文 Text 1 W: We should buy a good guidebook and study it before our trip to Canada. M: We could, but books are expensive. What about going to the library? W: Good idea. Text 2 W: You take a history course this term, don't you? M: Yes, the trouble is that I never finish the weekly reading list, though some of the books are quite interesting. W: What a long list! Good luck! Text 3 M: I'm taking my friends to the fancy new restaurant for Tony's birthday tomorrow night. Would you like to join us? W: Oh, why not? But I strongly suggest changing to another restaurant. I went there last weekend. I found it rather disappointing. Text 4 W: Winter is over at last. It's time to put away my gloves and boots. M: I've been waiting for this for months. I can't stand the temperature any longer. W: Yeah, but now, we can go out and enjoy the warm nature. Text 5 W: When do you have time to discuss our environmental report? M: Well, I'll have a meeting with Mr Smith at 2 o’ clock this afternoon, an appointment with Ms. Roberts at 3:30, and a department discussion at 4:00. W: So, it's 4:00? M: Emmm ... I think I need 30 minutes to have a short break. Text 6 W: Hey, Joe. Would you be interested in serving in the Students’ Union this year? M: I'm considering about it, but I'm not sure whether I can be equal to the position. W: Be confident! You have such a great talent for organizing activities. You should give it a try. M: Thank you. Can I get back to you on that in a few days? Text 7 M: Look! The curtain is going up slowly and all the lights on the stage are lit up! W: Yeah, the play is starting. M: Oh, oh, look there! David is on the stage now. His performance is so amusing. Hahaha… W: Emmm . .. to be honest, it's a little strange. I prefer Josher's performance. His is much more catching than David's. M: Fine, fine. They are both good performers. Oh, something caught my hat. W: Stay calm. It's just the chain of your back bag. All right now. M: Thank you very much. Text 8 W: Could you please give me some information on airfares from Paris to Birmingham? I'd like to buy a good flight as cheaply as possible. M: Wait a minute. I want to advise that you book the normal one- way economy class. If you fly on Tuesday or Wednesday and buy your ticket at least 15 days in advance, I suggest you book a round- trip flight. W: I don't need the return ticket. M: Well, even if you don't use it, you can save more over the one- way fare. Of course, I still highly recommend early booking. You just need to click the“ Super Cheap” seats, but there are only a few of them left. W: That sounds a great idea. M: Wait, to save another hundred euro or so, why don't you book a flight to London? W: But that's not where I want to go. M: I know, but you can take a train from London to Birmingham and it still saves money. Also, you have to book all the tickets several days in advance. W: Oh, no, thank you. M: Then... Text 9 M: Jenny, you look confused. What troubles you? W: Oh, I'm wondering why the teacher said recycling was important. M: Haha, sweetie, a good question. There are various reasons. Recycling is one way to keep waste out of landfills. Landfills are places to bury the waste. But they are not popular, because they can pollute the land and it's bad for people who may live there. W: I know, I know! Landfills are smelly. M: That's right. And recycling also reuses valuable materials, such as paper. W: I see. It's good for the environment. But… what about people in the past? Did they recycle as well? M: Several years before you were born, people could buy milk in returnable glass bottles. People would return the glass bottles to the place where they bought the milk. W: That's not convenient. Can one person really make a difference to protecting the environment? M: Of course. If we combine our efforts, we can make a difference. Each of us contributes to the waste problem. Text 10 M: What makes a person famous? This is a secret that many people have carefully thought about. All kinds of secrets surround the lives of well- known people. Most people are familiar with the works of William Shakespeare. Yet how many know Shakespeare, the person, the man behind the works? The Great London Fire of 1666 burned many important documents that could have related information about him. After centuries of research, scholars are still trying to discover Shakespeare's personal history. It is not easily found in his writings. Authors of the time could not protect their works. An acting company, for example, could change a play if they wanted to. Many secrets arose about Shakespeare. Some said he had no formal education. Others believed that he began his career by tending to the horses of wealthy men. All of these secrets are interesting, but are they true? Probably not. Shakespeare's father sent young William to grammar school. Most people of Elizabethan times did not continue beyond grammar school; so Shakespeare did have, at least, an average education. Some parts of Shakespeare's life will always remain unknown. $$