2025届高考英语一轮复习专题3：冠词 核心考点精讲精练 导学案

2025年高考英语一轮复习 专题3：冠词 核心考点精讲精练（原卷版） 【考点梳理】 冠词是置于名词前并限定名词意义的虚词。英语中的冠词只有定冠词和不定冠词两种，其中定冠词只有the这一种形式，不定冠词只有a和an这两种形式。名词前若不用冠词时，又称作零冠词。不定冠词之所以冠以“不定”两字，就是因为它的主要特点就是“不确定”或“泛指”；定冠词之所以冠以“定”字，就是因为它的主要特点是“确指”或“特指”。 考点一 不定冠词 1.不定冠词有a和an 两种形式。a用在以辅音音素开头的名词前，an用在以元音音素开头的词前。 In a university，a European and a one-eyed man walked along a one-way road with a useful tool. This is a usual thing. 在一所大学里，一个欧洲人和一个一只眼的人拿着一件有用的工具沿着一条单行道走着。这是一件平常之事。 An hour ago，an honest man accepted an unusual gift and went to finish an honorable task. 一小时前，一个诚实的人接受了一件非同寻常的礼物，去完成一项光荣的任务。 2.不定冠词a/an用在单数可数名词前表示泛指，泛指某一人或某一物。 The ＂Chinese Dream＂ is a dream to improve people’s well-being and a dream of harmony，peace and development.＂中国梦＂是一个改善民生的梦，是一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。 3.表示某种身份、职业、地位、国籍。 When the Ashleys tried to make her return，Mumbet consulted a lawyer，Theodore Sedgewick. 当 Ashleys一家试图让她回来时，Mumbet咨询了一个叫西奥多·塞奇威克的律师。 4.用在人名或时间名词前表示不确定的某个人或某个时间；用在人名前还可表示与某人有类似性质的人。 —Excuse me，is there a Mr Tailor living in the neighborhood？There is a parcel for him. —Sorry，but there is no such person here. ——劳驾，这个居民点住着一位名叫Tailor的先生吗？这里有他的包裹。 ——对不起，这儿没有这么一个人。 5.不定冠词用在序数词前不表示排序，而表示＂再一，又一＂。 She didn’t like the color of the two bags and asked for a third one.她不喜欢这两个包的颜色，又要了一个。 6.表示单位时间内的频度，含有＂每＂的概念。 The medicine is to be taken three times a day. 这药每天吃三次。 7.具有动作意义的名词在与have，take，make等构成短语表示一种短暂性的动作时，前面要加不定冠词。如：take a look看一看；have a try试一试。 You had better go to the factory and have a look. 你最好到厂里去看一看。 8.不定冠词常用在一些固定搭配中。如：a waste of浪费……；all of a sudden突然地；as a rule通常。 It hit me all of a sudden that I had forgotten her birthday.我突然想起，我把她的生日给忘了。 巧记口诀： 泛指首提为最多，有时表示某“一个”； 物质抽象表“一场”，so加形容再跟“a”； 可数名词为“一类”，序数词前“又一个”； quite等词常放后，固定短语须琢磨。 即时检测： 1．It is honour for me to take part in the dancing competition. (用适当的词填空) 2．Group Play is for groups of 10 or more with limit of 35 people. (用适当的词填空) 3．Jim is as brave child as her friend Joe. (用适当的词填空) 考点二 定冠词 1.用在名词前表示特指。 —Did you enjoy yourself yesterday? —Yes，as you know，the party went on in a pleasant atmosphere. ——你昨天玩得开心吗？ ——是的，正如你所知，晚会是在愉快的气氛中进行的。 2.用在世界上独一无二的人或物、自然现象、发明物之前。 Do you know who invented the telephone? 你知道是谁发明了电话吗？ 3.用在序数词、比较级(两者相比较，表示特指的时候)和最高级前。 Do you know which story is the more interesting of the two？你认为这两个故事中哪个更有趣？ 4.用于集合名词、物质名词和某些专有名词前。 Marco Polo is said to have sailed on the Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in the thirteenth century.(2013·陕西) 据说在十三世纪马可·波罗去爪哇岛途中曾航行经过太平洋。 5.定冠词the和形容词、过去分词连用，表示一类人或事物。 Many of the injured are still in danger. 许多受伤者仍处于危险中。 6.用在表示计量的名词前如by the hour，by the dozen等，但若名词为抽象名词则不加冠词如by weight，by height等。 —It’s said John will be in a job paying over $ 60，000 a year. —Right，he will also get paid by the week. ——据说约翰将拥有一份年收入超过60 000美元的工作。 ——是的，而且会按周获得报酬。 7.定冠词the用在表示姓氏的复数名词前，表示全家人或夫妻俩。 The Whites settled down in Canada last year. 去年怀特一家在加拿大定居。 8.用在方位名词和西洋乐器名词前。 the east 东部　 play the piano 弹钢琴 即时检测： 4．--- I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting. --- It is not your fault. With rush-hour traffic and heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late. (用适当的词填空) 5．He missed gold in the high jump, but will get second chance in the long jump. (用适当的词填空) 考点三 零冠词 1.不可数名词、复数名词表泛指，用零冠词。 Teachers are badly needed in the remote districts. 偏远地区非常需要教师。 2.称呼语及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作表语、补足语或同位语时，不加冠词。 Dr. Peter Spence，headmaster of the school，told us，＂A fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.＂ 这所学校的校长Peter Spence博士告诉我们，这里五分之一的学生将继续到牛津或剑桥大学深造。 3.月、季、星期、节假、洲前；三餐、球类、惯用语前；学科、棋类名词前，用零冠词。 A year can be divided into four seasons — spring，summer，autumn and winter. 一年可以分为四季——春、夏、秋、冬。 4.no与such连用时应放在such之前，such后的名词不用冠词。 There is no such thing as a free lunch in the world. 天下没有免费的午餐。 5.在turn(变成)作表语的名词前不用冠词，但become后的可数名词作表语时前要加冠词。 He became a doctor while his brother turned teacher. 他成了一名医生而他弟弟当了教师。 考点四 书面表达中冠词易错点聚焦 1. 不定冠词位置 不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前。注意： a. 位于下列形容词之后： such，what，many，half， I have never seen such an animal. Many a man is fit for the job. b. 当名词前的形容词被副词as, so, too, how, however, enough修饰时，不定冠词应放在形容词之后： It is as pleasant a day as I have ever spent. So short a time. Too long a distance. c. quite，rather与单数名词连用，冠词放在其后。 但当rather，quite 前仍有形容词，不定冠词放其前后均可。如：quite a lot d. 在as，though 引导的让步状语从句中，当标语为形容词修饰的名词时，不定冠词放形容词后： Brave a man though he is，he trembles at the sight of snakes. 他尽管勇敢，可见到蛇还是发抖。 当名词被比较级形容词修饰时，不定冠词通常置于比较级形容词之后。 2.定冠词位置 定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前，但放在all， both，double，half，twice，three times等词之后，名词之前。 All the students in the class went out.班里的所有学生都出去了。 3.学习冠词的难点 一、在特殊情况下混用a和an 　　关于a和an的一般区别，同学们可能比较清楚，也不易搞错，但是对于数字和字母前用该用不定冠词a还是an，则是许多考生可能忽略的问题。如： 　　They have an 8-year-old daughter. 他们有一个8岁大的女儿。(数字8在英语中读音与eight同，故其前用an，不用a;类似地，我们要说an 11-year-old child，不能说a 11-year-old boy。) 　　Our daughter sent us an SOS for some more money. 我们的女儿给我们发来了再要点钱的求救信号。(字母s的读音为[es]，它的第一个音为元音，故其前要用an。) 二、＂星期＂名词前冠词的使用问题 　表示＂星期＂的名词(如Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday等)一般不与冠词连用，但有时为了表示＂特指＂可以带定冠词;若表示不确定的＂某一个＂，其前可用不定冠词。如： 　　＂When can I have my birthday party?＂ ＂On the Saturday nearest to it.＂ ＂我的生日庆祝会在哪天举行?＂＂就在离你生日最近的那个星期六吧。＂ 　　Christmas Day falls on a Monday. 今年的圣诞节是星期一。 　　You won’t catch me working on a Sunday! 你绝对见不到我在星期日工作! 　　He never opens up shop on a Sunday. 星期日他的商店从不营业。 We had a card from her on the Friday after she got back. 在她回去后的那个星期五我们收到了她的明信片。 ＂When can I have my birthday party?＂ ＂On the Saturday nearest to it.＂ ＂我的生日庆祝会能在哪天举行?＂＂在离你生日最近的那个星期六吧。＂ 三、＂三餐饭＂前冠词的使用问题 　　一般说来，表示一日三餐的 breakfast, lunch, supper前不用冠词。如： 　　Breakfast is served until 9 a.m. 早餐一直供应到上午9点。 　　Can you manage lunch on Tuesday? 你星期二能来吃午饭吗? 　　但是，若要特指某一顿早餐、中餐或晚餐，则可在其前加定冠词。如： 　　The supper is well cooked. 晚饭做得很好。 　　Thank you for the breakfast. 谢谢你的这顿早餐。 　　另外，若 breakfast, lunch, supper 受到描绘性定语的修饰，则其前通常要用不定冠词。如： 　　We make a good breakfast before leaving. 我们动身前好好吃顿早饭。 　　I’ve got out of the habit of having a cooked breakfast. 我已不再保持早餐吃热食的习惯。 　　After a quick breakfast, he hurried to the station. 匆匆忙忙吃完早餐，他就赶到车站去了。 　　We were well primed for the journey with a large breakfast. 为了去旅行, 我们早餐都吃得饱饱的。 【达标训练】 语法填空 用适当的词填空 1．My neighbor asked me to go for walk, but I don’t think I’ve got energy. 2．--How about Christmas evening party? ---I should say it was success. 3．Most students are required to take part in the labor class once per week. Since September, labor class has been listed as official course in the school lives of primary and middle school students. 4．The present-day Analects is based on the Lu version compiled during the Han Dynasty and embodies, Confucian concept of ren or humanity or benevolence. 5．— Could you tell me the way to Johnsons please? — Sorry, we don’t have Johnson here in the village. 6．Of all the subjects, I like history best because it gives us useful knowledge of things in the past. 7．Zhu Dejun’s first job after graduating from college was as road design engineer in his hometown. 8． outside of buildings was decorated with stone lions, screen walls, decorative columns, as well as flowers. 9．As result, they put on an average of 0.77 kg on the processed diet,  while they lost 1.08 kg on the healthy diet. 10．Many of us might not give second thought to dropping a small piece of litter. 11．Peru is country on the Pacific coast of South America. 12．I don't know whether they have good supply of food in the area. 13．He is in possession of that beautiful garden and the shop is in possession of his brother. 14．Hua Weiguang, retired teacher from Tongliao, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, is a photography enthusiast. 15．In Song Dynasty, an instrument was also invented to indicate direction, called the compass fish, which floated on water. 16．One of core principles of Chinese Fengshui is the theory of Yin and Yang, and the Five Elements. 17．If you’re willing to give helping hand, our world will be a better one. 18．No matter what happens in the world, he is always standing there with a big smile and inclusive attitude. 19．To celebrate World Book and Copyright Day, the bookshop sells books at discount on April 23rd every year. 20．Flossie, a cat from the UK, which was born on December 29, 1995, holds the title of oldest living cat. 【能力提升】 一、完形填空 If Chelsea Phaire, aged 12, has her way, people everywhere will have the supplies they need to make their own artwork. For two years, Chelsea has been 1 art supplies to kids in shelters and hospitals, and to other adults too. “There’s just something about art. It’s so relaxing and 2 ,” she says. “It makes you feel happy.” Chelsea learned the 3 of making art when she was four. “My grandpa had passed away, and I was really 4 ,” she says. “My grandma told me to draw a picture for him. I looked at the picture every day and it made me 5 my best time with my grandpa. That really helped me get through that 6 time.” Chelsea also used art to 7 her feelings after being treated badly at school. I’ve found that art can be part of the healing process after the loss of someone, or another trauma (痛苦经历). It 8 .” For her eighth birthday, Chelsea 9 an art kit. When her mom said that not everyone was 10 enough to have art in their lives, Chelsea was 11 . “I had always wanted to start a charity, so I 12 then what it would be about.” On her tenth birthday, she asked for art supplies 13 gifts. She put together 40 kits, and sent them to a shelter. Since then, with donations to her charity, she has been able to send out about 22,000 kits! She says, “ 14 children in shelters and seeing kindness grow around the world are my greatest 15 .” 1．A．searching for B．giving away C．putting aside D．picking up 2．A．calming B．convincing C．confusing D．touching 3．A．idea B．process C．power D．business 4．A．nervous B．doubtful C．regretful D．sorrowful 5．A．remember B．change C．share D．record 6．A．free B．short C．tough D．precious 7．A．refer to B．point out C．deal with D．look into 8．A．happens B．works C．continues D．matters 9．A．received B．missed C．made D．refused 10．A．smart B．brave C．happy D．lucky 11．A．hesitant B．annoyed C．shocked D．proud 12．A．wondered B．guessed C．agreed D．knew 13．A．due to B．instead of C．in case of D．in terms of 14．A．Caring about B．Rescuing C．Believing in D．Training 15．A．requirements B．achievements C．opportunities D．challenges 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A China’s new large amphibious aircraft — 16 biggest in the world — has gone into batch production and final assembly, state news agency Xinhua reported. The plane, known 17 the AG600, is designed for maritime patrols and search and rescue operations. From the southern island province of Hainan, it could reach any location in the South China Sea within four hours and it could be used for cargo or passenger transport between islands, according to state media. Its 18 (develop), the Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC), told Xinhua on Tuesday that the front assembly for the first batch-produced AG600 19 (deliver) on June 30. It said the delivery of the plane’s front section — which took three months 20 (make) — marked the start of batch production of the aircraft. Final assembly of the amphibious plane will 21 (do) in the southern city of Zhuhai, in Guangdong province, by AVIC subsidiary AVIC General Huanan Aircraft Industry Co, Xinhua reported. The AG600 was developed to meet 22 (grow) demand for an emergency rescue aircraft 23 could be used in maritime searches. Work started on the plane in 2014, with maiden flights 24 (conduct) over land in 2017 and at sea in 2020, according to state media reports. Airworthiness tests began this year. China is trying to develop 25 (many) home-grown aircraft — like the AG600, the Y-20 large transport plane and the C919 single-aisle passenger jet — under a government plan to upgrade production equipment across industries through 2027. B New trend to explore ‘city’ China making waves on social media The catchphrase “city 不 (bu) city,” 26 means “city or not a city,” went viral on social media last week. It was created by a TikTok vlogger @baobaoxiong and his 27 (video) using the catchphrase have received millions of views on both TikTok and Douyin. On Saturday, @baobaoxiong posted a video explaining the 28 (mean) of this phrase. He said that “city” can 29 (simple) mean something very “of the city,” like fashionable, but most importantly it’s a feeling of lively or thrilling. As the summer travel season approached, many people started to use “city不city” to express their feelings about a new place on social media and it became an 30 (attract) of China for foreign tourists. Since China announced the 72/144-hour visa-free transit policy last November, it 31 (apply) to 54 countries and attracted millions of foreigners coming to explore the “city” of China. According to the National Immigration Administration, 32 number of foreigners coming to China recorded a threefold increase in the first quarter of this year. 144-hour visa-free transit and China travel have also become trending topics on TikTok and YouTube. @PASSPORT VISIONZ, a TikTok vlogger, came to China with her husband and filmed a series of videos recording their 33 (astonish) when they saw the “city” China, which has reached more than seven million views on TikTok and became their most viewed video. Many 34 (netizen) who saw those videos expressed their amazement at how “city” China is now and their 35 (willing) to come to China. ( 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年高考英语一轮复习 专题3：冠词 核心考点精讲精练（解析版） 【考点梳理】 冠词是置于名词前并限定名词意义的虚词。英语中的冠词只有定冠词和不定冠词两种，其中定冠词只有the这一种形式，不定冠词只有a和an这两种形式。名词前若不用冠词时，又称作零冠词。不定冠词之所以冠以“不定”两字，就是因为它的主要特点就是“不确定”或“泛指”；定冠词之所以冠以“定”字，就是因为它的主要特点是“确指”或“特指”。 考点一 不定冠词 1.不定冠词有a和an 两种形式。a用在以辅音音素开头的名词前，an用在以元音音素开头的词前。 In a university，a European and a one-eyed man walked along a one-way road with a useful tool. This is a usual thing. 在一所大学里，一个欧洲人和一个一只眼的人拿着一件有用的工具沿着一条单行道走着。这是一件平常之事。 An hour ago，an honest man accepted an unusual gift and went to finish an honorable task. 一小时前，一个诚实的人接受了一件非同寻常的礼物，去完成一项光荣的任务。 2.不定冠词a/an用在单数可数名词前表示泛指，泛指某一人或某一物。 The ＂Chinese Dream＂ is a dream to improve people’s well-being and a dream of harmony，peace and development.＂中国梦＂是一个改善民生的梦，是一个和谐、和平和发展的梦。 3.表示某种身份、职业、地位、国籍。 When the Ashleys tried to make her return，Mumbet consulted a lawyer，Theodore Sedgewick. 当 Ashleys一家试图让她回来时，Mumbet咨询了一个叫西奥多·塞奇威克的律师。 4.用在人名或时间名词前表示不确定的某个人或某个时间；用在人名前还可表示与某人有类似性质的人。 —Excuse me，is there a Mr Tailor living in the neighborhood？There is a parcel for him. —Sorry，but there is no such person here. ——劳驾，这个居民点住着一位名叫Tailor的先生吗？这里有他的包裹。 ——对不起，这儿没有这么一个人。 5.不定冠词用在序数词前不表示排序，而表示＂再一，又一＂。 She didn’t like the color of the two bags and asked for a third one.她不喜欢这两个包的颜色，又要了一个。 6.表示单位时间内的频度，含有＂每＂的概念。 The medicine is to be taken three times a day. 这药每天吃三次。 7.具有动作意义的名词在与have，take，make等构成短语表示一种短暂性的动作时，前面要加不定冠词。如：take a look看一看；have a try试一试。 You had better go to the factory and have a look. 你最好到厂里去看一看。 8.不定冠词常用在一些固定搭配中。如：a waste of浪费……；all of a sudden突然地；as a rule通常。 It hit me all of a sudden that I had forgotten her birthday.我突然想起，我把她的生日给忘了。 巧记口诀： 泛指首提为最多，有时表示某“一个”； 物质抽象表“一场”，so加形容再跟“a”； 可数名词为“一类”，序数词前“又一个”； quite等词常放后，固定短语须琢磨。 即时检测： 1．It is honour for me to take part in the dancing competition. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】an 【详解】考查冠词。句意：我很荣幸能参加舞蹈比赛。句中honour是可数名词，前边应用不定冠词表示一件荣幸的事，honour是元音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定冠词an。故填an。 2．Group Play is for groups of 10 or more with limit of 35 people. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：团体游戏适用于10人或以上的团体，限制为35人。a limit of为固定搭配，意为“一个……的限制”。故填a。 3．Jim is as brave child as her friend Joe. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：吉姆和她的朋友乔一样勇敢。“as + 形容词 + a/an + 名词 + as”为形容词的原级，是固定短语，表示“和……一样的……”，brave 是以辅音音素开头的单词，不定冠词用 a ，故填 a 。 考点二 定冠词 1.用在名词前表示特指。 —Did you enjoy yourself yesterday? —Yes，as you know，the party went on in a pleasant atmosphere. ——你昨天玩得开心吗？ ——是的，正如你所知，晚会是在愉快的气氛中进行的。 2.用在世界上独一无二的人或物、自然现象、发明物之前。 Do you know who invented the telephone? 你知道是谁发明了电话吗？ 3.用在序数词、比较级(两者相比较，表示特指的时候)和最高级前。 Do you know which story is the more interesting of the two？你认为这两个故事中哪个更有趣？ 4.用于集合名词、物质名词和某些专有名词前。 Marco Polo is said to have sailed on the Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in the thirteenth century.(2013·陕西) 据说在十三世纪马可·波罗去爪哇岛途中曾航行经过太平洋。 5.定冠词the和形容词、过去分词连用，表示一类人或事物。 Many of the injured are still in danger. 许多受伤者仍处于危险中。 6.用在表示计量的名词前如by the hour，by the dozen等，但若名词为抽象名词则不加冠词如by weight，by height等。 —It’s said John will be in a job paying over $ 60，000 a year. —Right，he will also get paid by the week. ——据说约翰将拥有一份年收入超过60 000美元的工作。 ——是的，而且会按周获得报酬。 7.定冠词the用在表示姓氏的复数名词前，表示全家人或夫妻俩。 The Whites settled down in Canada last year. 去年怀特一家在加拿大定居。 8.用在方位名词和西洋乐器名词前。 the east 东部　 play the piano 弹钢琴 即时检测： 4．--- I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting. --- It is not your fault. With rush-hour traffic and heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】 the the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：---我很抱歉开会迟到了。---这不是你的错。交通高峰期，又下大雨，难怪你迟到了。结合后文“it is no wonder you were late”，可知这里特指“交通高峰期”和“大雨”用定冠词。故填①the②the。 5．He missed gold in the high jump, but will get second chance in the long jump. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】 the a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：他错过了跳高金牌，但将在跳远中获得一次机会。第一个空表示特指，用定冠词the，第二个空表示“又一个”，用 a second。故填the；a。 考点三 零冠词 1.不可数名词、复数名词表泛指，用零冠词。 Teachers are badly needed in the remote districts. 偏远地区非常需要教师。 2.称呼语及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作表语、补足语或同位语时，不加冠词。 Dr. Peter Spence，headmaster of the school，told us，＂A fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.＂ 这所学校的校长Peter Spence博士告诉我们，这里五分之一的学生将继续到牛津或剑桥大学深造。 3.月、季、星期、节假、洲前；三餐、球类、惯用语前；学科、棋类名词前，用零冠词。 A year can be divided into four seasons — spring，summer，autumn and winter. 一年可以分为四季——春、夏、秋、冬。 4.no与such连用时应放在such之前，such后的名词不用冠词。 There is no such thing as a free lunch in the world. 天下没有免费的午餐。 5.在turn(变成)作表语的名词前不用冠词，但become后的可数名词作表语时前要加冠词。 He became a doctor while his brother turned teacher. 他成了一名医生而他弟弟当了教师。 考点四 书面表达中冠词易错点聚焦 1. 不定冠词位置 不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前。注意： a. 位于下列形容词之后： such，what，many，half， I have never seen such an animal. Many a man is fit for the job. b. 当名词前的形容词被副词as, so, too, how, however, enough修饰时，不定冠词应放在形容词之后： It is as pleasant a day as I have ever spent. So short a time. Too long a distance. c. quite，rather与单数名词连用，冠词放在其后。 但当rather，quite 前仍有形容词，不定冠词放其前后均可。如：quite a lot d. 在as，though 引导的让步状语从句中，当标语为形容词修饰的名词时，不定冠词放形容词后： Brave a man though he is，he trembles at the sight of snakes. 他尽管勇敢，可见到蛇还是发抖。 当名词被比较级形容词修饰时，不定冠词通常置于比较级形容词之后。 2.定冠词位置 定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前，但放在all， both，double，half，twice，three times等词之后，名词之前。 All the students in the class went out.班里的所有学生都出去了。 3.学习冠词的难点 一、在特殊情况下混用a和an 　　关于a和an的一般区别，同学们可能比较清楚，也不易搞错，但是对于数字和字母前用该用不定冠词a还是an，则是许多考生可能忽略的问题。如： 　　They have an 8-year-old daughter. 他们有一个8岁大的女儿。(数字8在英语中读音与eight同，故其前用an，不用a;类似地，我们要说an 11-year-old child，不能说a 11-year-old boy。) 　　Our daughter sent us an SOS for some more money. 我们的女儿给我们发来了再要点钱的求救信号。(字母s的读音为[es]，它的第一个音为元音，故其前要用an。) 二、＂星期＂名词前冠词的使用问题 　表示＂星期＂的名词(如Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday等)一般不与冠词连用，但有时为了表示＂特指＂可以带定冠词;若表示不确定的＂某一个＂，其前可用不定冠词。如： 　　＂When can I have my birthday party?＂ ＂On the Saturday nearest to it.＂ ＂我的生日庆祝会在哪天举行?＂＂就在离你生日最近的那个星期六吧。＂ 　　Christmas Day falls on a Monday. 今年的圣诞节是星期一。 　　You won’t catch me working on a Sunday! 你绝对见不到我在星期日工作! 　　He never opens up shop on a Sunday. 星期日他的商店从不营业。 We had a card from her on the Friday after she got back. 在她回去后的那个星期五我们收到了她的明信片。 ＂When can I have my birthday party?＂ ＂On the Saturday nearest to it.＂ ＂我的生日庆祝会能在哪天举行?＂＂在离你生日最近的那个星期六吧。＂ 三、＂三餐饭＂前冠词的使用问题 　　一般说来，表示一日三餐的 breakfast, lunch, supper前不用冠词。如： 　　Breakfast is served until 9 a.m. 早餐一直供应到上午9点。 　　Can you manage lunch on Tuesday? 你星期二能来吃午饭吗? 　　但是，若要特指某一顿早餐、中餐或晚餐，则可在其前加定冠词。如： 　　The supper is well cooked. 晚饭做得很好。 　　Thank you for the breakfast. 谢谢你的这顿早餐。 　　另外，若 breakfast, lunch, supper 受到描绘性定语的修饰，则其前通常要用不定冠词。如： 　　We make a good breakfast before leaving. 我们动身前好好吃顿早饭。 　　I’ve got out of the habit of having a cooked breakfast. 我已不再保持早餐吃热食的习惯。 　　After a quick breakfast, he hurried to the station. 匆匆忙忙吃完早餐，他就赶到车站去了。 　　We were well primed for the journey with a large breakfast. 为了去旅行, 我们早餐都吃得饱饱的。 【达标训练】 语法填空 用适当的词填空 1．My neighbor asked me to go for walk, but I don’t think I’ve got energy. 【答案】 a the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：我的邻居叫我去散步，但我想我没有精力了。第一空考查固定短语go for a walk，意为“散步”；第二空表示“没有精力了”，用定冠词the表示特指去散步的精力。故填①a ②the。 2．--How about Christmas evening party? ---I should say it was success. 【答案】 the a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：——圣诞晚会怎么样?——我应该说很成功。第一个空特指圣诞晚会，用定冠词the。第二个空为“不定冠词+抽象名词success”表示一次成功的事。故填the；a。 3．Most students are required to take part in the labor class once per week. Since September, labor class has been listed as official course in the school lives of primary and middle school students. 【答案】an 【详解】考查不定冠词。句意：大多数学生被要求每周参加一次劳动课。9月以来，劳动课被列为中小学生学校生活的正式课程。设空处后为名词单数，表示泛指，设空处应用不定冠词，空后的形容词official发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 4．The present-day Analects is based on the Lu version compiled during the Han Dynasty and embodies, Confucian concept of ren or humanity or benevolence. 【答案】the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：今天的《论语》是根据汉代编纂的鲁本改编而成，体现了儒家的仁或人性或仁慈的概念。此处特指一个概念：儒家的“仁”，用定冠词，故填the。 5．— Could you tell me the way to Johnsons please? — Sorry, we don’t have Johnson here in the village. 【答案】 the a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：—你能告诉我去约翰逊家怎么走吗?  —对不起，我们村里没有叫约翰逊的人。第一空后姓氏加s（如Johnsons）作为复数形式时，通常指的是特定的一家姓Johnson的家庭。这里是在询问去翰逊家的路线，所以使用定冠词 the来特指。第二空回答中提到“我们村子里没有Johnson”，使用不定冠词 a是为了泛指任何一个姓Johnson的人。故答案为①the ②a。 6．Of all the subjects, I like history best because it gives us useful knowledge of things in the past. 【答案】a 【详解】考查不定冠词。句意：在所有的科目中，我最喜欢历史，因为它让我们对过去的事情有了有用的了解。此处泛指对过去的有用的了解，用不定冠词，useful是以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。 7．Zhu Dejun’s first job after graduating from college was as road design engineer in his hometown. 【答案】a 【详解】考查不定冠词。句意：朱德军大学毕业后的第一份工作是在家乡做道路设计工程师。分析句子可知，修饰可数名词engineer，应填不定冠词，表示泛指“道路设计工程师”，且road的首字母发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 8． outside of buildings was decorated with stone lions, screen walls, decorative columns, as well as flowers. 【答案】The 【详解】考查冠词。句意：建筑物的外面装饰有石狮、屏风、装饰柱和鲜花。此处特指建筑的外部，outside前应用定冠词the，句首单词首字母要大写。故填The。 9．As result, they put on an average of 0.77 kg on the processed diet,  while they lost 1.08 kg on the healthy diet. 【答案】a 【详解】考查不定冠词。句意：结果，他们在加工饮食中平均增加了0.77公斤，而在健康饮食中减少了1.08公斤。As a result是一个固定短语，意为“结果是”。故填a。 10．Many of us might not give second thought to dropping a small piece of litter. 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：我们中的许多人可能不会再考虑扔一小块垃圾。 give a second thought再考虑一下。为固定短语。故填a。 11．Peru is country on the Pacific coast of South America. 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：秘鲁是南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家，此处泛指一个国家，用不定冠词修饰，故填a。 12．I don't know whether they have good supply of food in the area. 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：我不知道他们在这个地区是否有充足的食物供应。短语a good supply of表示“充足的供应”。故填a。 13．He is in possession of that beautiful garden and the shop is in possession of his brother. 【答案】 / the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：那个漂亮的花园归他所有，商店归他哥哥所有。sb be in possession of sth某人拥有某物。sth be in the possession of sb某物为某人所拥有。故填/；the。 14．Hua Weiguang, retired teacher from Tongliao, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, is a photography enthusiast. 【答案】a 【详解】考查不定冠词。句意：华卫光是内蒙古通辽的一名退休教师，他是一名摄影爱好者。修饰可数名词teacher，应填不定冠词，表示泛指“一位退休教师”，且retired的首字母发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 15．In Song Dynasty, an instrument was also invented to indicate direction, called the compass fish, which floated on water. 【答案】the 【详解】考查定冠词。句意：在宋代，人们还发明了一种指示方向的仪器，称为罗盘鱼，它可以在水上漂浮。在表示“朝代”的名词前，一般要加上定冠词the，表示特指。故填the。 16．One of core principles of Chinese Fengshui is the theory of Yin and Yang, and the Five Elements. 【答案】the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：中国风水的核心原则之一是阴阳理论和五行学说。表示“……之一”，用“one of the+名词复数”，因此本空用冠词the表示特指。故填the。 17．If you’re willing to give helping hand, our world will be a better one. 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：如果你愿意伸出援助之手，我们的世界将会变得更美好。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处表示“伸出援助之手”，应用动词短语give a helping hand表示。故填a。 18．No matter what happens in the world, he is always standing there with a big smile and inclusive attitude. 【答案】an 【详解】考查不定冠词。句意：不管世界上发生了什么，他总是带着灿烂的微笑和包容的态度站在那里。attitude在此句中为可数名词单数，inclusive以元音音素开头，此处是泛指，表示“一种”，用不定冠词an。故填an。 19．To celebrate World Book and Copyright Day, the bookshop sells books at discount on April 23rd every year. 【答案】a 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：为了庆祝世界读书日，这家书店在每年的4月23日打折售书。at a discount为固定短语，表示“打折”，故填a。 20．Flossie, a cat from the UK, which was born on December 29, 1995, holds the title of oldest living cat. 【答案】the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：1995年12月29日出生的来自英国的猫Flossie是世界上最长寿的猫。根据oldest可知，形容词最高级前应用定冠词the。故填the。 【能力提升】 一、完形填空 If Chelsea Phaire, aged 12, has her way, people everywhere will have the supplies they need to make their own artwork. For two years, Chelsea has been 1 art supplies to kids in shelters and hospitals, and to other adults too. “There’s just something about art. It’s so relaxing and 2 ,” she says. “It makes you feel happy.” Chelsea learned the 3 of making art when she was four. “My grandpa had passed away, and I was really 4 ,” she says. “My grandma told me to draw a picture for him. I looked at the picture every day and it made me 5 my best time with my grandpa. That really helped me get through that 6 time.” Chelsea also used art to 7 her feelings after being treated badly at school. I’ve found that art can be part of the healing process after the loss of someone, or another trauma (痛苦经历). It 8 .” For her eighth birthday, Chelsea 9 an art kit. When her mom said that not everyone was 10 enough to have art in their lives, Chelsea was 11 . “I had always wanted to start a charity, so I 12 then what it would be about.” On her tenth birthday, she asked for art supplies 13 gifts. She put together 40 kits, and sent them to a shelter. Since then, with donations to her charity, she has been able to send out about 22,000 kits! She says, “ 14 children in shelters and seeing kindness grow around the world are my greatest 15 .” 1．A．searching for B．giving away C．putting aside D．picking up 2．A．calming B．convincing C．confusing D．touching 3．A．idea B．process C．power D．business 4．A．nervous B．doubtful C．regretful D．sorrowful 5．A．remember B．change C．share D．record 6．A．free B．short C．tough D．precious 7．A．refer to B．point out C．deal with D．look into 8．A．happens B．works C．continues D．matters 9．A．received B．missed C．made D．refused 10．A．smart B．brave C．happy D．lucky 11．A．hesitant B．annoyed C．shocked D．proud 12．A．wondered B．guessed C．agreed D．knew 13．A．due to B．instead of C．in case of D．in terms of 14．A．Caring about B．Rescuing C．Believing in D．Training 15．A．requirements B．achievements C．opportunities D．challenges 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了12岁的切尔西通过赠送艺术用品给那些在收容所、医院以及其他需要帮助的人，来传递爱心和艺术治愈力量的故事。 1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：两年来，切尔西一直在向收容所和医院的孩子们以及其他成年人赠送艺术用品。A. searching for寻找；B. giving away赠送；C. putting aside放在一边；D. picking up捡起。根据下文的“art supplies to kids in shelters and hospitals, and to other adults too”和“She put together 40 kits, and sent them to a shelter. Since then, with donations to her charity, she has been able to send out about 22,000 kits!”可知，她向需要的人发送艺术套装，此处指她赠送艺术用品。故选B。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“艺术就是有这样的东西，它是如此的放松和平静，”她说，“它让你感到快乐。”A. calming平静的；B. convincing令人信服的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. touching感人的。根据上文的“It’s so relaxing and”可知，本空与relaxing并列，应选择一个与之情感色彩相似的词，calming“平静的”符合语境。故选A。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：切尔西在四岁的时候就学会了艺术的力量。A. idea想法；B. process过程；C. power力量；D. business生意。根据下文的“My grandma told me to draw a picture for him. I looked at the picture every day and it made me 5 my best time with my grandpa. That really helped me get through that 6   time.”可知，艺术帮助她度过难关，这里指的是艺术的力量。故选C。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我爷爷去世了，我真的很悲伤，”她说。A. nervous紧张的；B. doubtful怀疑的；C. regretful后悔的；D. sorrowful悲伤的。根据上文的“My grandpa had passed away”可知，爷爷去世自然会让人感到悲伤。故选D。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我每天都看那幅画，它让我想起了我和爷爷在一起的美好时光。A. remember记住，想起；B. change改变；C. share分享；D. record记录。根据上文的“I looked at the picture every day and it made me”和下文的“my best time with my grandpa”可知，此处指画让切尔西想起与爷爷的美好时光。故选A。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这真的帮助我度过了那段艰难的时期。A. free自由的；B. short短暂的；C. tough艰难的；D. precious珍贵的。根据上文的“My grandpa had passed away, and I was really 4 ”和“That really helped me get through that”可知，失去亲人对于孩子来说是一段艰难的时间。故选C。 7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：切尔西也在学校受到恶劣对待后，用艺术来处理自己的情绪。A. refer to提及；B. point out指出；C. deal with处理；D. look into调查。根据下文的“her feelings after being treated badly at school”可知，此处指用艺术作为处理情绪的手段。故选C。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了。A. happens发生；B. works起作用；C. continues继续；D. matters重要。根据上文的“I’ve found that art can be part of the healing process after the loss of someone, or another trauma (痛苦经历).”可知，此处指艺术在治疗过程中确实起了作用。故选B。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：八岁生日时，切尔西收到了一套艺术工具包。A. received收到；B. missed错过；C. made制作；D. refused拒绝。根据上文的“For her eighth birthday”和下文的“an art kit”可知，这里是收到了一个艺术工具包作为生日礼物。故选A。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她妈妈说，并不是每个人都有足够的运气在生活中拥有艺术时，切尔西感到很震惊。A. smart聪明的；B. brave勇敢的；C. happy快乐的；D. lucky幸运的。根据下文的“enough to have art in their lives”可知，拥有艺术的机会在这里被描绘成一种幸运。故选D。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：切尔西感到很震惊。A. hesitant犹豫的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. shocked震惊的；D. proud骄傲的。根据上文的“When her mom said that not everyone was 10 enough to have art in their lives,”可知，得知并非所有人都能接触艺术，切尔西感到惊讶。故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直想创办一个慈善机构，所以那时我就知道它会是什么样的了。A. wondered想知道；B. guessed猜测；C. agreed同意；D. knew知道。根据下文的“what it would be about”可知，此处指切尔西想明白了她想创办的慈善机构的主题。故选D。 13．考查介词短语辨析。句意：十岁生日时，她要求别人送给她艺术用品作为礼物。A. due to由于；B. instead of而不是；C. in case of万一；D. in terms of就……而言。根据上文的“On her tenth birthday, she asked for art supplies”可知，此处指她想要艺术用品而不是其他礼物。故选B。 14．考查动词单词和短语辨析。句意：关心收容所里的孩子们，看到善良在全世界传播，是我最大的成就。A. Caring about关心；B. Rescuing救援；C. Believing in信任；D. Training培训。根据上文的“children in shelters”可知，切尔西通过自己的行动表达了对收容所孩子的关心。故选A。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. requirements要求；B. achievements成就；C. opportunities机会；D. challenges挑战。根据上文的“She says, “14 children in shelters and seeing kindness grow around the world are my greatest”可知，对于切尔西来说，她的善行是她最骄傲的成就。故选B。 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A China’s new large amphibious aircraft — 16 biggest in the world — has gone into batch production and final assembly, state news agency Xinhua reported. The plane, known 17 the AG600, is designed for maritime patrols and search and rescue operations. From the southern island province of Hainan, it could reach any location in the South China Sea within four hours and it could be used for cargo or passenger transport between islands, according to state media. Its 18 (develop), the Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC), told Xinhua on Tuesday that the front assembly for the first batch-produced AG600 19 (deliver) on June 30. It said the delivery of the plane’s front section — which took three months 20 (make) — marked the start of batch production of the aircraft. Final assembly of the amphibious plane will 21 (do) in the southern city of Zhuhai, in Guangdong province, by AVIC subsidiary AVIC General Huanan Aircraft Industry Co, Xinhua reported. The AG600 was developed to meet 22 (grow) demand for an emergency rescue aircraft 23 could be used in maritime searches. Work started on the plane in 2014, with maiden flights 24 (conduct) over land in 2017 and at sea in 2020, according to state media reports. Airworthiness tests began this year. China is trying to develop 25 (many) home-grown aircraft — like the AG600, the Y-20 large transport plane and the C919 single-aisle passenger jet — under a government plan to upgrade production equipment across industries through 2027. 【答案】16．the 17．as 18．developer 19．was delivered 20．to make 21．be done 22．growing 23．that/which 24．conducted 25．more 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国新型大型水陆两栖飞机，即世界上最大的水陆两栖飞机，已进入批量生产和总装阶段。 16．考查冠词。句意：据新华社报道，中国新型大型水陆两栖飞机，即世界上最大的水陆两栖飞机，已进入批量生产和总装阶段。形容词最高级前应用定冠词the，故填the。 17．考查介词。句意：这架飞机名为 AG600，专为海上巡逻和搜救行动而设计。此处指该飞机被称为AG600，(be) known as意为“被称为……；被认为是……；以……著称”，为固定表达，故填as。 18．考查名词。句意：其开发商中国航空工业集团公司周二向新华社透露，首批生产的AG600前部组件已于6月30日交付。根据句意可知，此处表“开发者；开发商”，应用名词developer作主语，此处表示一个开发商，应用单数，故填developer。 19．考查时态语态。句意：其开发商中国航空工业集团公司周二向新华社透露，首批生产的AG600前部组件已于6月30日交付。本空是that引导的宾语从句的谓语，因讲述过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，又因句子主语和所给的动词deliver之间是被动关系，故填一般过去时的被动语态。主语assembly是不可数名词，be动词应用was，故填was delivered。 20．考查非谓语动词。句意：该公司表示，这架飞机前部的制造耗时三个月，其交付标志着该飞机批量生产的开始。此处是固定表达sth. takes some time to do，表示某事需要一定的时间来完成或实现，故填to make。 21．考查时态和语态。句意：据新华社报道，水陆两栖飞机的总装将由中航工业旗下的中航通用华南飞机工业有限公司在广东省南部城市珠海完成。本空在句中作谓语，因句子主语Final assembly和动词do之间是被动关系，故填be done，和句中的will构成一般将来时的被动语态，故填be done。 22．考查形容词。句意：AG600 的开发是为了满足日益增长的海上搜索紧急救援飞机的需求。本空在句中作定语，修饰demand，使用形容词growing“增长的；增加的”，故填growing。 23．考查定语从句关系词。句意：AG600 的开发是为了满足日益增长的海上搜索紧急救援飞机的需求。本句是一个限制性定语从句，先行词emergency rescue aircraft指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 24．考查非谓语动词。句意：据官方媒体报道，该飞机于 2014 年开始研制，2017 年进行了陆上首飞，2020 年进行了海上首飞。此处是with的复合结构，因动词conduct和with的宾语maiden flights之间是被动关系，故填过去分词作宾语补足语。故填conducted。 25．考查形容词比较级。句意：根据政府到2027年升级各行业生产设备的计划，中国正试图研发更多国产飞机，如AG600、Y-20大型运输机和C919单通道客机。本空在句中作定语，修饰home-grown aircraft，表示更多的，故填many的比较级more。故填more。 B New trend to explore ‘city’ China making waves on social media The catchphrase “city 不 (bu) city,” 26 means “city or not a city,” went viral on social media last week. It was created by a TikTok vlogger @baobaoxiong and his 27 (video) using the catchphrase have received millions of views on both TikTok and Douyin. On Saturday, @baobaoxiong posted a video explaining the 28 (mean) of this phrase. He said that “city” can 29 (simple) mean something very “of the city,” like fashionable, but most importantly it’s a feeling of lively or thrilling. As the summer travel season approached, many people started to use “city不city” to express their feelings about a new place on social media and it became an 30 (attract) of China for foreign tourists. Since China announced the 72/144-hour visa-free transit policy last November, it 31 (apply) to 54 countries and attracted millions of foreigners coming to explore the “city” of China. According to the National Immigration Administration, 32 number of foreigners coming to China recorded a threefold increase in the first quarter of this year. 144-hour visa-free transit and China travel have also become trending topics on TikTok and YouTube. @PASSPORT VISIONZ, a TikTok vlogger, came to China with her husband and filmed a series of videos recording their 33 (astonish) when they saw the “city” China, which has reached more than seven million views on TikTok and became their most viewed video. Many 34 (netizen) who saw those videos expressed their amazement at how “city” China is now and their 35 (willing) to come to China. 【答案】26．which 27．videos 28．meaning 29．simply 30．attraction 31．has applied 32．the 33．astonishment 34．netizens 35．willingness 【导语】本文体裁为说明文。本文介绍了流行语“city不city”的起源、传播及其在社交媒体上的影响，特别是与旅游相关的社会现象，包括签证政策、外国游客的增长数据，以及网络视频博主的案例。 26．考查副词。句意：“city 不 (bu) city”这一流行语上周在社交媒体上迅速走红，意思是“城市还是不是城市”。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The catchphrase “city 不 (bu) city,”，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 27．考查名词的数。句意：这个流行语是由TikTok博主@baobaoxiong创造的，他使用这个流行语的视频在TikTok和抖音上已经获得了数百万的观看量。设空处作主语，根据后文的have可知，此处应填video“视频”的复数形式videos。故填videos。 28．考查名词。句意：周六，@baobaoxiong发布了一个视频解释这个短语的含义。本空用meaning“含义”，作explaining的宾语，特指这个短语的含义，用单数形式。故填meaning。 29．考查副词。句意：他说，“城市”可以简单地指非常“城市化”的东西，比如时尚，但最重要的是，它是一种充满活力或令人兴奋的感觉。本空用副词simply“简单地”，修饰动词mean，作状语。故填simply。 30．考查名词。句意：随着夏季旅游旺季的到来，许多人在社交媒体上开始用“city不city”来表达他们对一个新地方的感受，这成为了吸引外国游客来中国的亮点。本空用attraction“吸引力，亮点”，作宾语，前面有an，故用单数形式。故填attraction。 31．考查时态。句意：自从去年11月中国宣布实施72/144小时过境免签政策以来，该政策已适用于54个国家，吸引了数百万外国人来探索中国的“城市”。apply to“适用于”。根据since引导的时间状语从句，主句应用现在完成时，主语it为第三人称单数，因此助动词用has。故填has applied。 32．考查定冠词。句意：据国家移民管理局统计，今年第一季度来华外国人数量增长了三倍。the number of表示“……的数量”，固定搭配。故填the。 33．考查名词。句意：TikTok博主@PASSPORT VISIONZ和她的丈夫来到中国，拍摄了一系列视频，记录下他们看到“城市”中国时的惊讶之情，这些视频在TikTok上的浏览量已超过700万，成为他们观看次数最多的视频。本空用名词astonishment“惊讶”，作recording的宾语。故填astonishment。 34．考查名词的数。句意：许多看到这些视频的网民表达了他们对中国现在多么“城市化”的惊叹，以及他们来中国的意愿。根据空后的their可知，网民不止一个，本空用netizen“网民”的复数形式netizens。故填netizens。 35．考查名词。句意同上。本空用名词willingness“意愿”，作expressed的宾语。故填willingness。 ( 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$