题型组合强化练(三)-(课时作业)【红对勾讲与练】2025年高考英语大一轮复习全新方案(北师大版2019)

题型组合强化练　 3 题型组合强化练(三) Ⅰ. 阅读理解 " (2023·浙江嘉兴模拟) There are electric cars, boats, trains and small planes that are a sustainable way to travel. Larger airplanes have not been able to make the transition because the lithium-ion ( 锂 离 子 ) batteries are too heavy and not strong enough to provide the power for the airplanes to take off. Until now NASA is working on a new innovative solid-state battery, which can be used by the aviation (航空) industry, according to a news release from the space agency. The batteries, called Solid-state Architecture Batteries for Enhanced Rechargeability and Safety ( SABERS ), do not suffer from any of the limitations of lithium-ion batteries and can outperform the batteries that are available now. “SABERS continues to go beyond its goals,” Rocco Viggiano, an investigator for SABERS at NASA􀆳s Glenn Research Center in Cleveland, said in the news release. “ We􀆳re starting to approach this new frontier of battery research that could do so much more than lithium-ion batteries can. The possibilities are pretty incredible. ” The solid-state batteries that NASA researchers are working on carry more energy, are considerably lighter, and much safer to use. That􀆳s because solid-state batteries do not contain liquids which can lead to overheating, fires and charge loss. Liquid batteries require each cell to be inside its own steel casing. Solid-state batteries can be massively stored in a single casing and that reduces the weight. The battery can also run at much higher temperatures that require much less cooling. All of this makes NASA􀆳s new battery very promising. Now that NASA has demonstrated the new battery􀆳s features. The agency is looking at all its potential uses. SABERS is cooperating with researchers from Georgia Tech,Argonne National Laboratory, and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, as well as other NASA centers. “ Georgia Tech has a big focus on micromechanics of how the cell changes during operation. That can help us look at the pressure inside the battery, which then helps us improve the battery even more,” Viggiano said in the news release. “ It can also lead us to understand from a practical standpoint how to manufacture a cell like this. ” 1. What does the word“ outperform” underlined in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Get out of. B. Fit in with. C. Do better than. D. Keep track of. 2. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. Advantageous features of the new battery. B. Current main tasks of NASA researchers. C. Potential problems of traditional batteries. D. Working principles of lithium-ion batteries. 3. What can be inferred from Rocco Viggiano􀆳s words in the last paragraph? A. SABERS appears too optimistic about its future. B. The stability of SABERS has been proved perfect. C. It􀆳s necessary for SABERS to pursue cooperation. D. Putting SABERS into production seems impossible. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -523- hh
#4 4. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. NASA􀆳s Electric Airplanes Are Ready to Take Off B. Great Changes Are Taking Place in the Aviation Industry C. A Promising Sustainable Future Has Already Taken Root D. Solid-state Batteries May Help Larger Electric Airplanes Fly # (2023·湖北武汉模拟) At first glance, Huaguoshan kindergarten in Zhuzhou, a city in the southern province of Hunan, looks much like any other schools for kids in China. But it has a year-long waiting list, because of its widely advertised guoxue. Children at Huaguoshan are taught how to bow, and how to greet each other politely. In some rooms they learn ancient techniques. In others, they recite poems, perform tea ceremonies and play Chinese chess. The school says that mastering skills is secondary to building character. “For example, our children learn to respect their rivals ( 对 手 ) and accept defeat in chess,” explains one of the teachers. Of course, the school charges hefty fees. Actually, the guoxue trend has already created a huge demand for education in kindergartens across China. Frost & Sullivan, a data firm, estimated that the market for preschool children was worth $73 billion in 2020, almost doubled its value in 2018. Strictly speaking, guoxue content has long been part of the curriculums from primary to high schools in China. In 2014, the number of classical texts to be taught in primary schools increased from 14 to 72. In 2017, the government put out new guidelines for more comprehensive guoxue curriculums in primary and secondary schools by 2025. In 2020, more guoxue content was added to the university entrance exam. In May, 2021, the education ministry approved more guoxue classes to strengthen “a sense of belonging to and pride in the Chinese nation” . Guoxue is the ancient system of thought that emphasizes respect for authority and usually involves learning traditional morals, thoughts, and classical Chinese texts, especially those associated with Confucius, who thought that such values were essential to achieve moral excellence as individuals. He thought that such upstanding citizens would form the basis for social harmony and stability. After decades of welcoming foreign trends, many Chinese people are now interested in Chinese traditions. Now, many people wear traditional clothes in public. 5. Why is Huaguoshan kindergarten so popular? A. It has the best teachers. B. It has very pretty buildings. C. It focuses on skill learning. D. It stresses character building. 6. What does the underlined word “ hefty ” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Various. B. Low. C. Extraordinary. D. Reasonable. 7. What phenomenon is described in paragraph 4? A. The study burdens on students. B. The increasing trend of guoxue. C. The effects of guoxue education. D. The huge guoxue market potential. 8. What is unlikely included in guoxue? A. Classical poems. B. Traditional morals. C. Modern technology. D. Confucian thoughts. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -524- 题型组合强化练　 3 Ⅱ. 完形填空 (2023·辽宁丹东模拟) “ I just did what I should do. ” Ding Hui, a female Chinese 　 1　 student who won the hearts of netizens after a 　 2　 of her performing CPR ( 心 肺 复 苏 术) on an 　 3　 stranger went viral online, reacted to the overwhelming support on social media 　 4　 in an interview with Xinhuanet. The college sophomore at Jinzhou Medical University was waiting for her 　 5　 home at the Jinzhou South Railway Station in northeastern China􀆳s Liaoning province, when an 81-year-old man 　 6　 on the platform shortly after he 　 7　 the train. She rushed to the 　 8　 of the elderly man when she heard about the incident and performed CPR on him, which helped the man gradually regain 　 9　 . She also stayed with the man at the scene, until medics arrived, even though it meant she had to miss her train heading home. To thank her, the son of the elderly man 　 10　 to give her 2,000 yuan, but Ding 　 11　 . “ If it weren􀆳t for her, my dad would have been 　 12　 . She wouldn􀆳t accept the money and wouldn􀆳t leave her 　 13　 . We only found her again when the video was posted online,” the son said. The video of the girl􀆳s courageous act of kindness was posted on CCTV News and 　 14　 by nearly 4,000 netizens and commented on by over 5,900 people on Weibo. People are 　 15　 their support in for the medical student􀆳s courage for standing up for a stranger􀆳s life, applauding that the girl not only is beautiful but kind. 1. A. biological B. physical C. medical D. chemical 2. A. video B. poster C. picture D. painting 3. A. aged B. unripe C. adolescent D. innocent 4. A. obviously B. proudly C. humorously D. humbly 5. A. flight B. subway C. train D. coach 6. A. collapsed B. posed C. cheered D. trembled 7. A. stepped onto B. got off C. ran into D. waited for 8. A. defence B. aid C. hotel D. hospital 9. A. strength B. courage C. confidence D. consciousness 10. A. refused B. hesitated C. offered D. managed 11. A. accepted B. agreed C. complained D. declined 12. A. gone B. upset C. ill D. well 13. A. money B. name C. purse D. ticket 14. A. written B. deleted C. collected D. shared 15. A. moving B. taking C. pouring D. absorbing Ⅲ. 阅读七选五 (2024·江苏扬州中学高三月考) People refer to never forgetting how to ride a bike or throw a baseball as examples of “muscle memory”, the result of a motor learning (运动学 习) . 　 1　 It is a phenomenon that previously trained muscles acquire strength after a period of disuse. Previous research has shown that the changes actually persist in the muscles themselves. In one 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -525- hh
#4 study of mice, the results suggest that after nuclei in muscle cells multiply in response to an overload of training, those extra nuclei aren􀆳t lost during subsequent periods of inactivity. Once you have got additional nuclei, you are banking the capacity. 　 2　 In fact, a recent study revealed that less than eight weeks of retraining were needed to reach the post-training level. But how quickly you regain your former fitness depends on how fit you were initially, how long the layoff was, how old you are and how long you􀆳d been exercising. 　 3　 It means you still have a distinct advantage when it comes to regaining your former level of fitness. And the principle applies to both resistance training and endurance training. The best way to regain your muscle memory is to start at a level below what you were accustomed to doing, and then gradually increase in terms of duration, frequency, then intensity. 　 4　 Ultimately, muscle memory is a payoff for all the past work you put into learning a sport. 　 5　 You will never know how much muscle memory you may have until you start training again. A. The best way to tap into it is to “ get back on the horse” . B. Physiologists, on the other hand, define it in a different way. C. This convinces the researchers that muscle memory may not be long lasting. D. That is to say, we can do the sports automatically without conscious thought. E. It is generally safe to increase these elements by 5 percent every week or two. F. It is evident that the more you exercise, the more muscle memory savings you will have. G. All this news about muscle memory is encouraging for those who fell off the fitness scheme. 1. 　 　 　 　 　 2. 　 　 　 　 　 3. 　 　 　 　 4. 　 　 　 　 　 5. 　 　 　 　 Ⅳ. 语法填空 (2023·浙江绍兴模拟) In the Hujiayuan community in Beijing, an old building that 　 1　 ( house) a boiler to heat apartments has been transformed to provide facilities, including a medical center for 　 2　 elderly and a fitness center. The boiler room site had been vacant since winter 2016, 　 3　 heating pipelines (管道) in the community were taken over by the government. 　 4　 ( support ) by the Beijing government, work on an improvement project began in 2017, and about 660 households have equally benefited. Lu Yuhong, 73, who has lived in the community for more than 30 years, said the improvements have made her life much 　 5　 (easy), as she can now visit a doctor and exercise in her neighborhood. By the end of 2021, the government 　 6　 ( identify ) 100 such projects in seven districts aimed at improving transportation, upgrading greenery work, and providing 　 7　 ( addition) public facilities to improve the quality of living. Liu Daizong, program director at the World Resources Institute, said it is vital to improve the living environment for 　 8　 ( resident ) in Beijing. “ Redesigning a street can change its appearance and make it more 　 9　 (order), but after this work is done,vehicles may still occupy the street. The way you manage this is 　 10　 (keep) the order of the street from the start by clarifying its functions. ”Liu added. 1. 　 　 　 　 　 2. 　 　 　 　 　 3. 　 　 　 　 4. 　 　 　 　 　 5. 　 　 　 　 　 6. 　 　 　 　 7. 　 　 　 　 　 8. 　 　 　 　 　 9. 　 　 　 　 10. 　 　 　 　 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -526- 参 考 答 案　 7. C　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. played 玩 耍;B. suffered 遭受; C. stayed 停 留; D. hesitated 犹豫。 句意:这群人在室内 待了大约 24 小时,第二天早上离开了。 根据后文 “ indoors for about 24 hours and left the next morning”可知,他们在 室内待了大约 24 小时。 8. B　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. blew 吹; B. cleared 消散,清除; C. burst 爆裂; D. raged 发怒。 句意:当风暴散去时, Withey 在学校里找到了一台吹雪机, 帮助人们挖出他们的汽车。 根据后文 “Withey found a snowblower (吹雪机) inside the school and helped people dig out their cars”可推知风暴停了。 9. D 　 考查动词短语辨析。 A. brought about 引起;B. called off 取消;C. carried out 实施;D. ended up 最终。 句意:他 最终在暴风雪中帮助了 24 个人。 根据 后 文 “ helping 24 people during the storm”及语境可知,他最终在暴风雪中 帮助了 24 个人。 10. C　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. apprecia- ting 感激;B. excusing 借口;C. apolo- gizing 道歉;D. applying 申请。 句意: 临走前,他留下一张纸条,为闯入学 校道歉,并解释了自己的处境。 根据 后文“ for breaking into the school and explaining” 可 知 是 为 闯 入 学 校 而 道歉。 11. B　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. request 要 求;B. situation 情况;C. change 改变; D. plan 计划。 句意同上。 根据上文 “Before leaving, he left a note 　 10　 for breaking into the school and explai- ning his”及语境可知,纸条上解释了 自己当时的处境。 12. C 　 考查介词词义辨析。 A. beyond 超过;B. off 脱离; C. through 通过; D. under 在下面。 句意:12 月 29 日, 警方在社交媒体上发帖,寻求帮助寻 找这位英雄,他曾在暴风雪中帮助了 几个人。 根据前文“He 　 9　 helping 24 people during the storm. ” 及后文 “ the blizzard”可知,帮助人们度过暴 风雪。 13. A　 考查形容词词义辨析。 A. heroic 英雄的;B. deliberate 故意的;C. secret 秘密的;D. united 团结的。 句意:他们 想为他“拯救人们生命的英雄行为” 感谢他。 根据后文“ actions that saved people􀆳s lives”可知,此处指拯救人们 生命的英雄行为。 14. D 　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. com- plaints 投 诉; B. comments 评 论; C. awards 奖励;D. charges 控告。 句 意:当然,Withey 不会因为闯入 (学 校)而受到指控。 根据后文“ against Withey for bursting in”可知,此处指 不会控告 Withey 闯入学校的行为。 15. C　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. cultivated 培育;B. recognized 识别;C. exhibited 展示;D. noticed 注意到。 句意:警方 发言人总结说:“那人表现出的无私 精神是纽约西部真正引以为豪的。” 根据上文 “ The selflessness that peo- ple”可知,这里指表现出的无私精神。 Ⅲ. 阅读七选五 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 文章主 要讲的是人们通过分散注意力来缓解负 面情绪及真正缓解负面情绪的办法。 1. G 　 根据上文“We are masters of dis- traction especially when we feel an un- comfortable emotion surfacing. And our society makes it easier than ever. ”以及 下文“Those range from videos on Tik- Tok to online shopping. ”可知,此处应 该表达当我们有不舒服的情绪时我们 会用使用各种多媒体的办法来分散注 意力。 G 项“一旦消极情绪袭来,我们 可能会使用各种数码产品来分散注意 力”说明了我们用多媒体来缓解消极 的情绪,承上启下,符合语境。 2. A　 根据上文“But does distraction real- ly help deal with emotions? Or does it merely worsen the problem?”可知,此处 应该给出答案。 A 项“根据专家的说 法,答案是复杂的” 承接上文,符合 语境。 3. E　 根据上文“The emotion in question causes physiological changes and often causes action. ”可知,此处应该举例说 明在某些特定的情绪下人会做出什么 反应。 E 项“例如,如果你悲伤,你会退 缩;如果你生气,你就着手处理”举了 两个例子,说明人在不同的情绪下会 做出的不同反应,承接上文,符合语境。 4. F 　 根据下文“There are longer mood states that last days or months, although most emotions only last a few minutes before they pass. That􀆳s why, if you􀆳re seeking long-term solutions, learning to process emotions is the only way. ” 可 知,此处应该表示靠分散注意力来缓 解负面情绪并不是真正有效的办法。 F 项“但分散注意力也不是真正的解决 办法,因为它只能在短期内起作用”引 起下文,符合语境。 5. C 　 根据上文 “ Jacobs Hendel, a psy- chotherapist, uses a process, which in- volves connecting your feet to the floor, deep belly breathing, slowing down and then identifying where different emotions are felt in the body. ” 以及下文 “ once anxiety goes down, you can identify the other emotions that are coming up in your body. If the same emotions keep coming up and causing you stress, learn- ing to sit with them and work through them. Facing your emotions may help you see that they aren􀆳t as scary as you thought. ”可知,此处应该说在身体上 感受情绪是好的。 C 项“在身体上感 受它们是一个好的开始”承上启下,符 合语境。 Ⅳ. 应用文写作 　 　 Last week, an English speech contest on “The Power of Voluntary Work” was held in our school. Students from different grades participated in the competition. By sharing some of their most unforgettable volunteering experiences, 20 contestants deeply impressed the audience with their vivid stories, feelings and insights. The judges, consisting of our headmaster and teachers, also commented on each student􀆳s performance and finally selected the best three. The activity, as one of the students says, will be very helpful for the better un- derstanding of voluntary work among mid- dle school students, and more activities of this kind are expected. 题型组合强化练(三) Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A [语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。 报道 主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局正在研 制的 一 种 可 供 航 空 使 用 的 新 型 固 态 电池。 1. C 　 词义猜测题。 根据画线单词前面 的句子“The batteries, called Solid-state Architecture Batteries for Enhanced Re- chargeability and Safety ( SABERS ), do not suffer from any of the limitations of lithium-ion batteries”可知,SABERS 没有了离子电池的局限性,所以它肯 定胜过目前使用的电池。 画线单词 “outperform”意义为“胜过”。 2. A　 主旨大意题。 根据第四段“All of this makes NASA􀆳s new battery very promising. ”可知,该段主要讲的是这 种新型电池的优点。 3. C　 推理判断题。 根据最后一段 Rocco Viggiano 所说的话可知,佐治亚理工学 院的工作对于改进电池有着重要的作 用,由此可推断,在研制 SABERS 的过 程中,合作是很有必要的。 4. D　 主旨大意题。 通读全文可知文章 主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局正在 研制的一种可供航空使用的新型固态 电池。 因此 D 项“Solid-state Batteries May Help Larger Electric Airplanes Fly (固态电池可能帮助大型电动飞机飞 行)”概括文意,最适合作为本文的 标题。 B [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 文章主 要介绍了中国各级学校推行国学教育, 政府希望国学教育能增强学生的归属感 和民族自豪感。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -599- hh
#4 5. D　 推理判断题。 根据第二段中“Chil- dren at Huaguoshan are taught how to bow, and how to greet each other polite- ly. In some rooms they learn ancient techniques. In others, they recite po- ems, perform tea ceremonies and play Chinese chess. The school says that mastering skills is secondary to building character. ”可知,花果山幼儿园受欢迎 是因 为 它 强 调 性 格 的 塑 造。 故 选 D 项。 6. C　 词义猜测题。 根据第三段中“Ac- tually, the guoxue trend has already cre- ated a huge demand for education in kin- dergartens across China. Frost & Sulli- van, a data firm, estimated that the mar- ket for preschool children was worth $73 billion in 2020, almost doubled its value in 2018. ”可推断出,这所学校收 费很高,故可猜测画线单词 hefty 意为 “高额的,重的”,结合选项 C 项 Ex- traordinary 意为“非凡的”,与其意思相 近。 故选 C 项。 7. B 　 主旨大意题。 根据第四段内容可 知,第四段描述了国学在学校课程中 的增长趋势。 故选 B 项。 8. C　 细节理解题。 根据第五段“Guoxue is the ancient system of thought that em- phasizes respect for authority and usually involves learning traditional morals, thoughts, and classical Chinese texts, especially those associated with Confu- cius, who thought that such values were essential to achieve moral excellence as individuals. ”可知,现代技术不属于国 学。 故选 C 项。 Ⅱ. 完形填空 [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。 文章讲 述了一位要坐火车的医学生女孩在站台 救助了一位年长者的故事。 1. C　 考查形容词词义辨析。 A. biologi- cal 生物的;B. physical 身体的;C. med- ical 医学的;D. chemical 化学的。 句 意:丁慧,一名中国女医科学生,在其 为一位年长的陌生人做心肺复苏术的 视频在网上疯传后赢得了网民的心, 在接受新华网采访时,她谦逊地回应 了社交媒体上的压倒性支持。 根据空 后“her performing CPR”可知,她是一 名医学生。 2. A 　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. video 视 频; B. poster 海 报; C. picture 照 片; D. painting 绘画作品。 句意同上。 根 据本句 “went viral online” 以及下文 “when the video was posted online”可 知,视频在网上走红。 3. A　 考查形容词词义辨析。 A. aged 年 长的;B. unripe 未成熟的;C. adolescent 青春期的;D. innocent 天真的。 句意同 上。 根据后文“She rushed to the 　 8　 of the elderly man when she heard about the incident and performed CPR on him”可知,应为年长者。 4. D　 考查副词词义辨析。 A. obviously 明显地;B. proudly 骄傲地;C. humor- ously 幽默地;D. humbly 谦逊地。 句意 同上。 根 据 前 文 “ I just did what I should do. ”可知,女孩说话谦逊。 5. C　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. flight 航 班; B. subway 地 铁; C. train 火 车; D. coach 教练。 句意:这位来自锦州医 科大学的大二学生在中国东北辽宁省 锦州南站等火车回家,这时一名 81 岁 的男子在下车后不久倒在了站台上。 根据本句“ the train”可知,故事发生在 火车站。 6. A　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. collapsed 倒塌,昏倒;B. posed 摆姿势;C. cheered 欢呼;D. trembled 颤抖。 句意同上。 根 据前文“ her performing CPR”可知,女 孩对他做了心肺复苏,所以他应是昏 倒了。 7. B 　 考查动词短语辨析。 A. stepped onto 登上;B. got off 下车;C. ran into 撞上;D. waited for 等待。 句意同上。 根据本句 “ The college sophomore at Jinzhou Medical University was waiting for her 　 5　 home”以及“on the plat- form”及常识可知,是女孩要上火车, 而这 位 年 长 者 是 下 了 火 车 昏 倒 在 站台。 8. B　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. defence 防 御;B. aid 帮助;C. hotel 宾馆;D. hospi- tal 医院。 句意:当听说这件事后,她冲 过去帮助老人,并对他进行了心肺复 苏术,帮助老人逐渐恢复了意识。 根 据本句“performed CPR on him”可知, 女孩是帮助他。 9. D　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. strength 力 量;B. courage 勇气; C. confidence 自 信;D. consciousness 意识。 句意同上。 根据本句“ performed CPR on him”可 知,女孩对他进行了心肺复苏术,使他 恢复了意识。 10. C 　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. refused 拒绝;B. hesitated 犹豫;C. offered 给 予;D. managed 设法。 句意:为了感谢 她,老人的儿子提出给她 2 000 元钱, 但女孩拒绝了。 根据本句“To thank her, the son of the elderly man”及“ to give her 2,000 yuan”可知,老人的儿 子要表示感谢给女孩钱。 11. D 　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. accepted 接受; B. agreed 同意; C. complained 抱怨;D. declined 拒绝。 句意同上。 根据本句的转折连词“but”可知,女孩 拒绝了。 12. A 　 考查形容词词义辨析。 A. gone 死(去世)了的;B. upset 厌烦的;C. ill 有病的;D. well 健康的。 句意:如果 不是因为她,我爸爸早就去世了。 本 句运用了虚拟语气。 根据本句“ If it weren􀆳t for her”及语境可知,没有这 个女孩的帮忙,老人会去世。 13. B 　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. money 钱; B. name 名 字; C. purse 钱 包; D. ticket 门票。 句意:她不愿接受这 笔钱,也不愿留下自己的名字。 根据 本句“We only found her again when the video was posted online”可知,通 过视频才找到女孩,说明她没有留下 姓名。 14. D 　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. written 写;B. deleted 删除;C. collected 筹集; D. shared 分享。 句意:这段女孩勇敢 善举的视频被发布在央视新闻上,有 近 4 000 名网友分享,微博上有 5 900 多人评论。 根据本句“ commented on by over 5,900 people on Weibo”可知, 女孩的行为被点赞、分享和评论。 15. C 　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. moving 移动;B. taking 花费;C. pouring 涌入, 纷至沓来;D. absorbing 吸收。 句意: 人们纷纷支持这位医学生为陌生人 的生命挺身而出的勇气,称赞这个女 孩不仅美丽而且善良。 根据本句“ap- plauding that the girl not only is beauti- ful but kind”可知,人们对女孩大加赞 扬,所以纷纷支持。 Ⅲ. 阅读七选五 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 肌肉记 忆是一种你先前训练的肌肉在一段时间 不用后,会获得力量的现象,它是你过去 为学习一项运动付出的所有努力的回 报,之前你锻炼得越多,你的肌肉记忆力 就会储存得越多。 1. B　 上文“People refer to never forget- ting how to ride a bike or throw a base- ball as examples of ‘muscle memory’, the result of a motor learning (运动学 习) . ”指出人们用举例子的方法给“肌 肉记忆”下定义;下文“ It is a phenome- non that previously trained muscles ac- quire strength after a period of disuse. ” 是“肌肉记忆”的定义,由此可知,B 项 “Physiologists, on the other hand, de- fine it in a different way. ”承上启下,指 出生物学家给“肌肉记忆”下了定义, 其中“ it”代指上文“muscle memory”, 故选 B。 2. A　 上文“Once you have got additional nuclei, you are banking the capacity. ” 指出有了额外的肌核,你就是在储蓄 能量,下文“ In fact, a recent study re- vealed that less than eight weeks of re- training were needed to reach the post- training level. ”描述了要通过培训来挖 掘自己的能量,A 项“The best way to tap into it is to ‘ get back on the horse. ’”承接上文,指出我们应该如何 做才能挖掘出自己的能量,同时顺承 下文,故选 A。 3. G 　 上文“But how quickly you regain your former fitness depends on how fit 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -600- 参 考 答 案　 you were initially, how long the layoff was, how old you are and how long you􀆳d been exercising. ”提到一项研究 指出要恢复到之前的水平,需要考虑 最初的健康状况,以及停止活动的时 间,你多大了,锻炼了多长时间几个方 面;下文“ It means you still have a dis- tinct advantage when it comes to regai- ning your former level of fitness. ”指出 你仍然有优势恢复到之前的水平,G 项“All this news about muscle memory is encouraging for those who fell off the fitness scheme. ” 承上启下, “All this news”指上文提到的“恢复到健身前的 水平”取决于的几个条件,故选 G。 4. E 　 上文“The best way to regain your muscle memory is to start at a level be- low what you were accustomed to do- ing, and then gradually increase in terms of duration, frequency, then intensity. ” 指出恢复肌肉记忆的最好方法是从低 于你习惯做的水平开始,然后逐渐增 加持续时间、频率和强度这些要素,E 项“ It is generally safe to increase these elements by 5 percent every week or two. ”承接上文,继续谈论如何恢复肌 肉记忆,其中“ these elements”代指上文 “duration, frequency, then intensity”, 故选 E。 5. F　 上文“Ultimately, muscle memory is a payoff for all the past work you put into learning a sport. ”指出肌肉记忆和 你之前的付出的关系,肌肉记忆是你 过去学习的回报,F 项“ It is evident that the more you exercise, the more muscle memory savings you will have. ”承接上 文,继续解释肌肉记忆与你之前的锻 炼之间的关系,故选 F。 Ⅳ. 语法填空 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 文章主 要介绍了北京胡家园社区的旧建筑改造 情况及其社会意义。 1. housed　 考查动词时态。 句意:在北京 的胡家园社区,一栋曾经容纳了为公 寓供暖的锅炉的旧建筑被改造成了公 共设施,包括老年医疗中心和健身中 心。 分析句子可知,空处在 that 引导的 限制性定语从句中作谓语,关系代词 that 指代先行词 an old building,在从句 中作主语,与动词 house“存放;安置” 是主动关系,根据主句中谓语 has been transformed 可知,该动作发生在过去, 应用一般过去时。 2. the　 考查冠词。 句意同上。 the elderly 指“老年人;年长者”,固定表达。 3. when 　 考查定语从句。 句意:自 2016 年冬天以来,锅炉房一直空置,当时社 区的供暖管道被政府接管。 分析句子 可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先 行词是 winter 2016,在定语从句中作时 间状语,应用关系副词 when 引导该 从句。 4. Supported 　 考查过去分词。 句意:在 北京市政府的支持下,改造项目于 2017 年开始实施,约 660 户家庭同等 受益。 分析句子可知,空处应用非谓 语动词作状语,根据句意及 by the Bei- jing government 可知,逻辑主语 work 与 support 之间为被动关系,应用过去 分词 形 式, 位 于 句 首, 单 词 首 字 母 大写。 5. easier　 考查比较级。 句意:……这些 改善让她的生活变得轻松多了,因为 她现在可以去附近看医生和锻炼身体 了。 句中 made 是使役动词,根据句意 及空前 much 可知,此处应用形容词比 较级 easier,作宾语补足语。 6. had identified　 考查动词时态。 句意: 到 2021 年底,政府在 7 个地区确定了 100 个此类项目,旨在改善交通、升级 绿化工作和提供额外公共设施以提高 生活质量。 分析句子可知,空处作谓 语,根据时间状语 By the end of 2021 可知,句子用过去完成时。 7. additional 　 考查形容词。 句意同上。 分析句子可知,空处修饰名词短语 public facilities,应用形容词 additional, 表示“额外的”,作定语。 8. residents　 考查可数名词复数。 句意: 世界资源研究所项目主任刘代宗表 示,改善北京居民的生活环境至关重 要。 resident 意为 “居民”,是可数名 词,空前无不定冠词,应用复数形式, 表泛指。 9. orderly　 考查形容词。 句意:重新设计 街道可以改变其外观,使其更加有序。 make 是使役动词,空处应用形容词 or- derly“有秩序的”作宾语补足语, more orderly 是形容词比较级。 10. to keep　 考查动词不定式。 句意:管 理这一问题的方法是从一开始就通 过明确街道的功能来保持其秩序。 分 析句子可知,本句中主语是 way, is 是系动词,应用动词不定式作表语,说 明主语的内容或性质。 题型组合强化练(四) Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。 Daniel Brush 是一位使用古老的工艺来制作物 品的创造奇迹的人,他终生研究黄金,一 生追求艺术理想。 1. C 　 推理判断题。 根据文章第二段 “Rather than use electricity, he laboured alone in a forest of antique machines and when tools frustrated him he made his own, displaying them in cupboards as art in themselves. ”可知,Daniel Brush 倾向于使用古老的工艺来制作物品。 2. A 　 细节理解题。 根据文章第四段 “His chief motivation, he said, was to understand the material and, through that, himself. ”可知,他终生研究黄金 的主要原因是他想了解更多关于黄金 和自己的知识。 3. C 　 推理判断题。 根据文章第二段 “For 45 years in that loft, he had pur- sued his calling. ”以及整篇文章描述他 对黄金的研究和投入可知,Brush 是 “Dedicated(有献身精神的)”,故选 C。 4. D　 主旨大意题。 根据文章最后一段 “For Daniel Brush, he loved the idea that one might take a piece made by Brush out of a pocket, let its beauty pass from mind to mind, and smile. That too was what its maker was after. ”可知,作 者在最后一段中强调的是 Brush 追求 的艺术理想。 B [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 文章主 要介绍了几种传统的老北京声音。 5. D　 推理判断题。 从第一段最后一句 “ fragments of an older soundscape can be heard”以及第二段开头“The song of caged crickets is one. Hung in the door- ways of courtyard homes, the insects bring a rural note into the city. ” 可推 知,笼中蟋蟀的歌声用来说明一个典 型的胡同声音。 6. D 　 细节理解题。 从第三段 “ Several such specialists still work in Beijing􀆳s streets. Their sounding-plates attract cus- tomers from hutong homes and high-rise flats. ”可知,在胡同和街道上都能听到 的是磨刀师傅的叫喊声。 7. B 　 细节理解题。 从第五段 “Many hutongs have been torn down to make way for wide avenues and shiny sky- scrapers, leaving no room for pigeon lofts(鸽舍) . ”可知,胡同数量减少导 致了鸽舍的减少。 8. C 　 推理判断题。 根据最后一段的内 容可知,将即将消失的声音放到博物 馆中的最终目的是想要保护老北京的 声音。 故选 C。 Ⅱ. 完形填空 [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。 文章主 要讲述了作者与 Paul Newman 之间的 友情。 1. B 　 考查形容词词义辨析。 A. hand- some 帅气的;B. famous 著名的,有名 气的;C. tall 高的;D. smart 聪明的。 句 意:当工作室不想要我出演这部电 影———他们想要一个像 Paul 一样的名 人时, Paul 却支持我。 根据上文 “ I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, intro- duced us in New York City. ”可推知, Paul 当时是比较有名气的。 2. A　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. supported 支持;B. sponsored 赞助;C. envied 嫉 妒;D. declined 下降,婉拒。 句意同上。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -601-