课时作业15 The Media&写作专练(五)-(课时作业)【红对勾讲与练】2025年高考英语大一轮复习全新方案(北师大版2019)

选择性必修第二册　 3 课时作业 15　 THE MEDIA Ⅰ. 阅读理解 " (2023·辽宁沈阳模拟) Do you ever hear a friend speak on a topic with the belief that “ everyone ” thinks the same way? Do you often find yourself surrounded in a social media feed that is completely tailored to you and your beliefs, reading along without the immediate realization? A social media echo chamber ( 回声壁) is when one experiences a tailored media experience that leaves out opposing viewpoints and differing voices. Social media sites like Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube connect groups of like-minded users together based on shared content preferences. As a result, people see and take in information according to our preexisting beliefs and opinions. Social media companies therefore rely on algorithms (算法) to assess our interests and flood us with information that will keep our attention. The algorithms focus on what we “ like”, and “ share” to keep feeding content that makes us comfortable. In order to truly get access to all information and to evaluate our media, we must give ourselves the opportunity to step out of our comfort zone. While this becomes increasingly challenging, there are things we can do. The first step is to beef up your media consumption sources. Adding in a few media sources with differing opinions will allow you to at least understand what people are saying outside of your echo chamber. Next, read each thing you see with a critical eye. Make sure that each thing you accept as truth is truly fact. Lastly, attempt to search out reliable new sources that are known for trying their best to leave out false information. By accepting that our media buffet on social media is a product of our present beliefs and opinions, we can work to make sure we are not simply stuck in a social media echo chamber. 1. What is a result of the social media echo chamber? A. People contact like-minded online users effectively. B. People keep reading for more differing viewpoints. C. People rely on algorithms to evaluate their interests. D. People only get information confirming their beliefs. 2. What does “beef up” underlined in paragraph 3 mean? A. Track. B. Improve. C. Provide. D. Identify. 3. Which of the following can help us get out of the echo chamber? A. Criticizing fake news on social media. B. Exposing ourselves to opposing voices. C. Researching primary sources of information. D. Accepting our present beliefs and opinions. 4. What is the purpose of the text? A. To call on people to use algorithms frequently. B. To ask people not to take in information blindly. C. To promote the use of various social media sites. D. To inform people of new technology developments. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -483- hh
#4 # (2023·河南平顶山模拟) Good Morning Britain (GMB) launches special “ listening benches” in order to solve loneliness. EastEnders star Maisie Smith joined Susanna and Martin in the studio to talk about her involvement in a special part of the 1 Million Minutes campaign—GMB􀆳s special “ listening benches ” across the country. Six special “ listening benches” have been designed by six celebrities, and can be found in six cities across the UK—and they􀆳re in place to encourage people to strike up a conversation. Maisie joined the show to share why the campaign is important to her. “ I􀆳m always very open about mental health,” Maisie explained. “ It doesn􀆳t matter who you are, where you􀆳re from, what you have—everyone is going through something and I just think the world would be a kinder place if everyone understood that. ” “ I think especially growing up in the limelight ( 引 人 注 目 ) as a teenager, you􀆳re very judgemental of yourself when you do see comments of other people judging you. It can add to the stress of the things you􀆳re already going through. I think people do think I􀆳m confident because I cover my nerves with a big smile and that􀆳s what I􀆳ve been doing in my whole life. ” Susanna asked Maisie if she had a technique for dealing with her nerves. “ It depends on what it is,” said Maisie. “ A lot of the time—and it􀆳s going to sound really stupid—but I write a script. I write down all of the questions that I could be asked and try to come up with something so that my brain won􀆳t go blank when I􀆳m under pressure. ” 5. What is the theme of “ listening benches”? A. Caring for oneself. B. Changing the world. C. Dealing with loneliness. D. Protecting the environment. 6. Why did Maisie Smith join the studio? A. To let people know about her life. B. To share her feelings of the campaign. C. To set up a model for other celebrities. D. To ask more people to express their mind. 7. What is Maisie􀆳s attitude toward her mental health? A. Protective. B. Private. C. Serious. D. Outspoken. 8. What is the text mainly about? A. A programme on mental health. B. GMB interviewing celebrities. C. Techniques for responding to nerves. D. Preparations before being interviewed. Ⅱ. 完形填空 (2024·湖南长沙高三月考) The email request came into Ekiben restaurant in Baltimore late on a Thursday afternoon:broccoli (花椰菜) topped with fresh herbs, diced onion, and vinegar. The man who sent the email didn􀆳t actually want the food itself. He was writing on behalf of his 　 1　 , who 　 2　 the dish and was now in the final 　 3　 of lung cancer at her home in Vermont and he was hoping to get the 　 4　 to make it for her there. Steve Ben, one of the Asian restaurant􀆳s co- owners, read the email and quickly 　 5　 with an alternative suggestion. “Thanks for reaching out,” he wrote. “We􀆳d like to meet you in Vermont and make it 　 6　 for you. ” 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -484- 选择性必修第二册　 3 Brandon Jones, the son-in-law, was 　 7　 . “ I emailed back, saying, ‘You do know that this is Vermont we􀆳re talking about, right?’” says Brandon. But Steve responded, “ No problem. You tell us the date, time, and 　 8　 and we􀆳ll be there. ” That Friday after work,Ben 　 9　 his truck with a hot plate and a cooler filled with ingredients (配料) and then headed for 　 10　 . As soon as Ben and his team 　 11　 the parking lot, they got to work. After neatly 　 12　 everything up, they knocked on their customer􀆳s door. “ As soon as she opened the door, she recognized the smell,” Brandon says. “ It was amazing. ” As for Ben, he couldn􀆳t help remembering his 　 13　 customer. “ It was an honor to help 　 14　 the family􀆳s wishes,” Ben says. “This is about her, not us. There is a lot of good, positive 　 15　 in doing this. ” 1. A. customer B. mother-in-law C. boss D. mother 2. A. adored B. cooked C. bought D. prepared 3. A. sessions B. eras C. stages D. steps 4. A. menu B. recipe C. prescription D. book 5. A. dealt B. caught C. went D. replied 6. A. inviting B. close C. fresh D. better 7. A. angry B. puzzled C. worried D. astonished 8. A. design B. location C. surroundings D. number 9. A. loaded B. started C. decorated D. boarded 10. A. Baltimore B. Ekiben C. Vermont D. Washington 11. A. looked into B. ran into C. stormed into D. pulled into 12. A. putting B. boxing C. bringing D. feeding 13. A. happy B. last C. loyal D. best 14. A. make B. appreciate C. finish D. fulfill 15. A. energy B. reaction C. flavor D. comfort Ⅲ. 阅读七选五 (2023·湖北武汉模拟) Users should reduce their screen time According to the researchers from National Center for Biotechnology Information ( NCBI), long and consistent use of social media can lead to depression, stress, and anxiety among users of all ages. 　 1　 This effect is driven by a constant urge to check and interact with the content on these platforms. However, if you reduce the time you spend on your phone every day, you can spare a few more hours for outdoor activities. 　 2　 Reducing your screen time also allows you to develop better in personal relationships. Positive social interactions release mood-boosting neurochemicals that promote overall happiness. Here are a few tips to reduce your screen time: Set limits. Many mobile devices and apps can record the amount of time you spend on your 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -485- hh
#4 device. You might decide you only want to spend three hours online each day. From there, you can track your time to ensure you don􀆳t go beyond the limit. Remove distractions ( 使人分心的事物) . Whenever you􀆳re working on something else, try placing your phone in another room or closing your laptop. 　 3　 You might also be less likely to conduct an Internet search that turns into an extended browsing (浏览) session. 　 4　 Accessing the Internet takes seconds, which can easily become a convenient habit. However, making specific plans to see friends or go outside can help you deliberately break away from the screen. Create a habit. 　 5　 For example, instead of grabbing your phone first thing in the morning, leave a pen and paper beside your bed and spend a few minutes journaling when you wake up. This way, you can train your brain to enjoy alternative forms of happiness and lessen the urge to log on to social media immediately. A. Plan activities. B. Develop friendships. C. The process takes continuous effort. D. Many users even experience social media addiction. E. It means reminding yourself of other sources of entertainment. F. Research shows many positive effects such as lower blood pressure and stress. G. This way, you will have less desire to pick up your phone each time the screen lights up. 1. 　 　 　 　 　 2. 　 　 　 　 　 3. 　 　 　 　 4. 　 　 　 　 　 5. 　 　 　 　 Ⅳ. 语法填空 (2023·山东日照模拟) During the May Day holiday, numerous messages of people looking for dazi, or activity partners for traveling, 　 1　 (post) on the social media platform Xiaohongshu. Earlier this year, several dazi-related topics were among the most searched-for hashtags on Sina Weibo, 　 2　 ( stimulate ) heated discussions among young people. In some ways, activities using dazi have become 　 3　 new form of social communication. 　 4　 friendships, the concept of dazi is more customizable ( 定制的) . It is 　 5　 ( definite) centered on companionship fields. The idea is simple—random individuals come together 　 6　 ( join) in an activity they all enjoy. With one or several dazi, people can experience deeper fun in the activities they are interested in. In addition to the 　 7　 ( share) interests, another major advantage of dazi compared to normal relationships 　 8　 ( be) its simplicity. Some dazi are only temporary, but even longer- lasting ones are cast in the same mould (模式), where the topics discussed tend to be focused and relaxed. “ 　 9　 my meal dazi doesn􀆳t go to school someday, I􀆳ll not be so sad for the rest of the day,” said Shi Zhimin, a 17-year-old student from Shanxi province. “ Traditional friendships require a lot of time and emotion to maintain, 　 10　 having a dazi means not needing to carry those burdens,” she added. 1. 　 　 　 　 　 2. 　 　 　 　 　 3. 　 　 　 　 4. 　 　 　 　 　 5. 　 　 　 　 　 6. 　 　 　 　 7. 　 　 　 　 　 8. 　 　 　 　 　 9. 　 　 　 　 10. 　 　 　 　 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -486- 选择性必修第二册　 3 写作专练(五) Ⅰ. 应用文写作 (2023·广东汕头模拟) 高中三年即将结束,回顾校园生活,哪一次 校园活动给你留下了美好而深刻的印象呢? 请 你以“The Most Impressive School Activity”为题, 根据以下提示写一篇短文,向校刊投稿。 短文内 容包括: 1. 介绍活动过程; 2. 分享个人感受。 注意: 1. 词数 80 左右; 2. 请按如下格式作答。 The Most Impressive School Activity 　 　 　 　 Ⅱ. 读后续写 (2023·湖南常德一中模拟) 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头 语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Rick, a ten-year-old boy, was constantly angry at everything around him. He always fought in school with the other kids. Once he had an outburst in school. Upset by something a classmate said to him, he pushed the boy, and a fight happened. When the teacher stepped in to break it up,Rick went crazy, throwing papers and books around the classroom and rushing out. His teachers couldn􀆳t say anything that would comfort the kid. And the parents of his schoolmates were getting concerned. Rick was earning quite the reputation. After talking with school officials, Rick􀆳s mom tried everything she could to calm Rick down. She tried different methods until one day she came home with a canvas ( 画 布) and paint. “What􀆳s this?” Rick asked. Rick􀆳s mom handed over the painting equipment and said, “Whenever you feel angry, paint whatever you􀆳re angry about instead of bursting out. ” Rick wasn􀆳t that happy about it but he gave it a try anyway. Over the next few weeks, the young boy created several artworks. They mostly showed disturbing images though. So his mom took all of the paintings and called Rick over so that they could talk about them. “Tell me,Rick. What are these paintings about?” “Well, the first painting is about how some of the kids show off their new clothes and pencil cases. The next painting is about my teacher who keeps telling me about how I􀆳m doing things wrong. And the last painting is about how one of my schoolmates􀆳 father suggested that I change my attitude. All of them make me so angry. ” Rick􀆳s mom, in a calm voice, took Rick by her side and told him, “Don􀆳t you see it,Rick?” “See what?” Rick asked. “You􀆳re so angry at all of these things but not once did you try to understand why you􀆳re getting so angry. What have all these people done to you, really?” 注意: 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右; 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Rick was lost in thought. 　 　 　 　 　 Rick knew it was time to change. 　 　 　 　 　 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -487- 参 考 答 案　 9. D　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. restarting 重新开始;B. predicting 预测;C. sus- pending(使)悬浮;D. operating 管理,经 营(企业)。 根据“ he had the finances and experience”可知,亨德里克斯有了 金钱和经验上的积累是因为二十年的 企业经营。 10. C 　 考查固定搭配。 A. visit 参观; B. exception例外;C.move 移动;D. evalu- ation 评估。 根据 “ABC Supply was born”可知,亨德里克斯准备好了采取 行动,创立了自己的公司 ABC Sup- ply。 make a move 走一步,开始行动, 为固定搭配。 11. D　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. observed 观察到;B. resisted 阻挡,抵抗;C. in- vestigated 调查;D. acquired 获得。 根 据“50 stores”可知,50 家门店是自己 开设或者收购获得的。 12. A　 考查副词词义辨析。 A. different- ly 不 同 地; B. financially 财 政 上; C. precisely 精确地;D. curiously 好奇 地。 根据上文 “ They were 　 6　 in one thing: selling something. ” 及下文 “ to always keep the people in place”可 知,亨德里克斯善于用人,这和其他 多数公司的做法不同。 13. B 　 考查动词短语辨析。 A. dealing with 处理;B. searching for 搜索,寻 找; C. learning from 向 …… 学 习; D. showing off 炫耀。 根据上文“ to al- ways keep the people in place”可知, 亨德里克斯善于用人,所以会寻找办 法回报他的员工。 14. B　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. interven- tion 干预;B. motivator 动力;C. substi- tute 代替物;D. loan 贷款。 根据上文 “Hendricks took that 　 8　 to heart, determined to put the customer first. ” 可知,不要让金钱成为创业的动力, 要把消费者放在首位。 15. D　 考查副词词义辨析。 A. Otherwise 否则;B. Still 仍然;C. Therefore 所以; D. Instead 代 替, 反 而。 根 据 上 文 “Don􀆳t let money be the” 及 “ under- stand what the customer needs”可知, 前后句构成转折关系,用 Instead。 Ⅲ. 阅读七选五 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 文章主 要介绍了父母应该停止对自己的孩子大 喊大叫的原因。 1. B　 根据上文“ It doesn􀆳t make you look authoritative. It makes you look out of control to your kids. ”可知,对自己的孩 子大喊大叫会让你看起来对孩子失去 了控制。 选项 B“这会让你看起来很软 弱。”与上文衔接密切,语义连贯。 2. F　 根据上文“The use of spanking to discipline children has been in decline for 50 years. But yelling?”可推知,接 下来应该是对“吼叫”的现状进行介 绍,所以选项 F“几乎每个人有时都会 对自己的孩子大喊大叫,即使是那些 知道这没有用的父母。”符合语境。 3. G 　 根据上文“A study in The Journal of Child Development demonstrated that yelling produces results similar to physi- cal punishment in children. ”可知,接下 来会具体阐述吼叫对孩子产生的危 害。 所以选项 G“它会增加焦虑、压力 和抑郁的程度,同时行为问题也会增 加。”符合语境。 4. D 　 根据上文 “Dr Kazdin promotes a programme called the ABCs, which stands for antecedents (前情), behav- iours and consequences. The antecedent is the setup, telling a child, specifical- ly, what you want them to do before you want them to do it. ” 以及空后的 “And the consequence involves an ex- pression of approval when that behaviour is performed, an expression of praise with an accompanying physical gesture of approval. ”可知,上文介绍了前置条 件,后文谈到了后果,空处应该谈的是 行为。 所以选项 D“行为是父母对行 为进行定义和塑造。”符合语境。 5. C　 根据下文“ Instead of yelling at your kid every night for the shoes thrown across the floor, ask him in the morning if he can put his shoes away when he comes home. ”可知,本段举例说明如 何避免对孩子大喊大叫。 所以选项 C “让我们以让孩子把鞋子收起来为 例。”符合语境。 Ⅳ. 语法填空 [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。 文章主 要讲述一位支教老师,在名校毕业后拒 绝了大公司的工作,选择去支教,给学生 们带来不一样的课堂模式。 他的故事鼓 舞了更多人参与其中。 1. relaxed　 考查形容词。 句意:生活在树 林和郁郁葱葱的绿色植物中让我感到 放松。 此处用来修饰人的感觉,因此 要用 relaxed。 2. was offered 　 考查动词时态和语态。 句意:从中国顶尖的大学之一南京大 学毕业之后,他在南京的一家公司找 了一份工作。 此处指大学毕业后他被 提供工作,因此使用被动语态,又因为 这是发生在过去的事,因此用一般过 去时。 故填 was offered。 3. to realize　 考查不定式。 句意:让人惊 讶的是,他拒绝了这份工作,然后来到 1 000 多千米外的湖北恩施土家族苗 族自治州的姜家湾村,渴望实现他成 为一名教育者的梦想。 desire to do... 渴望做……。 4. educator　 考查名词。 句意同上。 冠词 an 后面跟单数可数名词。 故填 educa- tor。 5. Besides　 考查连词。 句意:此外,他不 想成为一名全职教师,因为他认为和 学校之间没有全职合同,他可以有更 多的自由尝试新的教学方式。 根据上 下文可知,这与上文“他想成为与众不 同的老师”是递进关系。 6. that　 考查关系代词。 句意:袁通过使 用不同于普通教学方法的方式,使他 的课堂变得不同寻常并且有趣。 此处 考查定语从句,先行词 methods 是物, 且从句中缺少主语,故填 that。 7. reciting　 考查非谓语动词。 句意:例如 当他教授一首关于剑客的诗时,他带 着一把塑料剑来上课,并敦促学生一 边表演击剑一边背诵这首诗。 分析句 子结构可知,空处是非谓语。 recite 和 逻辑主语 students 之间是主动关系,故 用 recite 的现在分词形式。 8. on　 考查介词。 句意:除了教授专业科 目之外,袁还关注学生的全面发展。 focus on 是固定搭配,表示 “关注,专 注于”。 9. Encouraged　 考查非谓语动词。 句意: 受到袁的故事的鼓励,从 2016 年起,一 些大学生在暑假期间来到村里教学。 分析句子结构可知,此处考查动词的 非谓语形式, 且逻辑主语 university students 和 encourage 之间是被动关系, 故要使用过去分词。 另外在句首,首 字母大写。 10. have come 　 考查时态。 句意同上。 根据后面的 since 2016 可知,本空应 该使用现在完成时。 课时作业 15　 THE MEDIA Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 社交媒 体回音室是指一个人体验量身定制的媒 体体验,将对立的观点和不同的声音排 除在外。 文章主要分析了社交媒体回音 室产生的原因,并就如何确保我们不会 简单地被困在社交媒体的回音室里提出 建议。 1. D 　 推理判断题。 根据第二段“As a result, people see and take in informa- tion according to our preexisting beliefs and opinions. ”可知,社交媒体回音室 的结果是人们只能得到证实他们信仰 的信息。 故选 D。 2. B 　 词义猜测题。 根据第三段画线词 后的 句 子 “ Adding in a few media sources with differing opinions will al- low you to at least understand what peo- ple are saying outside of your echo chamber. ”可推知,人们需要加强媒体 消费来源,从而真正获得所有信息并 评估我们的媒体。 beef up 意为“加强; 改进”。 故选 B。 3. B 　 细 节 理 解 题。 根 据 最 后 一 段 “Adding in a few media sources with 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -583- hh
#4 differing opinions will allow you to at least understand what people are saying outside of your echo chamber. Next, read each thing you see with a critical eye. ”可知,让自己暴露在反对的声音 中可 以 帮 助 我 们 走 出 回 音 室。 故 选 B。 4. B 　 推理判断题。 根据最后一段 “ In order to truly get access to all informa- tion and to evaluate our media, we must give ourselves the opportunity to step out of our comfort zone. ”和“By accepting that our media buffet on social media is a product of our present beliefs and opin- ions, we can work to make sure we are not simply stuck in a social media echo chamber. ”可知,作者希望通过本文告 诉人们不要盲目接收信息。 故选 B。 B [语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。 文章 报道了《早安英国》 (GBM)为了解决人 们孤独感等心理问题,推出了特殊的板 块“倾听板凳”,得到了很多名人的支持。 5. C 　 细节理解题。 根据第一段中的 “Good Morning Britain (GMB) laun- ches special ‘ listening benches’ in or- der to solve loneliness. ”可知,为解决 孤独问题,《早安英国》设置了特殊的 栏目“倾听板凳”。 6. B 　 细节理解题。 根据第二段中的 “Maisie joined the show to share why the campaign is important to her. ” 可 知,Maisie 参加这项活动是为了分享 这项活动对她很重要,也就是说,她加 入这项活动是分享自己对该项活动的 感受。 7. D　 推理判断题。 根据第三段“‘ I􀆳m always very open about mental health,’ Maisie explained. ‘ It doesn􀆳t matter who you are, where you􀆳re from, what you have—everyone is going through something and I just think the world would be a kinder place if everyone un- derstood that. ’”可推断,Maisie 对她的 心理健康问题直言不讳。 8. A　 主旨大意题。 通读全文,根据第一 段的内容可知,本文主要介绍《早安英 国》推出了一个“倾听板凳”节目,帮助 人们解决孤独感等问题。 由此可知, 本文主要介绍了一个关于心理健康的 节目。 Ⅱ. 完形填空 [语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。 位于 Baltimore 的饭店老板 Ben 通过邮件了解 到 Vermont 的一个临终老人喜欢吃他们 饭店的花椰菜天妇罗,决定不顾路途遥 远上门给老人做菜。 老人的愿望得以实 现,皆大欢喜。 1. B　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. customer 顾客;B. mother-in-law 岳母;C. boss 老 板;D. mother 妈妈,母亲。 根据下文 “Brandon Jones, the son-in-law...” 可 知,邮件的发送者 Brandon 是老人的女 婿,故“mother-in-law”符合语境。 2. A　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. adored 非 常喜 欢,热爱;B. cooked 烹饪,做饭; C. bought 购买;D. prepared 准备。 根据 下文“ to make it for her there” 可知, Brandon 想要给老人做这道菜,由此可 推知老人应是很喜欢这道菜。 3. C　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. sessions 学 年,场,节;B. eras 时代,纪元;C. stages 舞台,阶段;D. steps 脚步,台阶。 根据 下文“ lung cancer”可推知,老人已经患 病严重,到了癌症的最后阶段。 4. B 　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. menu 菜 单;B. recipe 食谱;C. prescription 处方; D. book 书籍。 分析语境可知,“ it”指 代上 文 提 及 的 “ broccoli (花 椰 菜) topped with fresh herbs, diced onion, and vinegar”这道菜,又根据下文“make it for her there” 可知,应是希望得到 食谱。 5. D 　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. dealt 应 对;B. caught 抓住;C. went 去;D. re- plied 回复。 根据下文 “ he wrote” 可 知,Steve Ben 应是回复了邮件。 6. C　 考查形容词词义辨析。 A. inviting 诱人的;B. close 接近的;C. fresh 新鲜 的;D. better 更好的。 根据上文“We􀆳d like to meet you in Vermont”可知,他打 算亲自前往佛蒙特州去给老人做菜, 因此,做出的菜肴是新鲜的。 7. D　 考查形容词词义辨析。 A. angry 生 气的;B. puzzled 困惑的;C. worried 担 心的;D. astonished 震惊的。 根据下文 Brandon 回 复 的 邮 件 内 容 “ You do know that this is Vermont we􀆳re talking about, right?”可知,他很震惊。 8. B　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. design 设 计;B. location 位置;C. surroundings 环 境;D. number 号码。 根据上文“We􀆳d like to meet you in Vermont ” 可 知,Steve Ben 要前往佛蒙特州给老人 做菜,需要被告知具体位置。 9. A　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. loaded 装 载; B. started 开 始; C. decorated 装 饰; D. boarded 上船。 load sth. with sth. 是 固定短语,意为“用……装载……”,符 合语境。 10. C　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. Baltimore 巴尔的摩;B. Ekiben 埃基加;C. Ver- mont 佛蒙特州;D. Washington 华盛 顿。 根据上文“We􀆳d like to meet you in Vermont”可知,Steve Ben 要前往佛 蒙特州给老人做菜。 11. D 　 考查动词短语辨析。 A. looked into 调查;B. ran into 偶然碰见……; C. stormed into 冲进;D. pulled into 驶 入。 根据上文“his truck”可知,他们 开车前往,因此应是驶入停车场。 12. B　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. putting 放 置;B. boxing 把……装箱;C. bringing 带来;D. feeding 喂养。 根据常识判 断,做好的菜肴应是需要装箱打包。 13. C　 考查形容词词义辨析。 A. happy 高兴的;B. last 最后的;C. loyal 忠实 的;D. best 最好的。 根 据 上 文 “ As soon as she opened the door, she rec- ognized the smell...”可推知,老人应是 这道菜的忠实粉丝。 14. D　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. make 制 造;B. appreciate 感激;C. finish 完成; D. fulfill 实现。 根据下文“wishes”可 知,应用“ fulfill”,表示“实现梦想”。 15. A　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. energy 精 力,能量;B. reaction 反应;C. flavor 风 味;D. comfort 安慰。 positive energy 意为“正能量”,是说做这件事有很多 好的、积极的能量,符合语境。 Ⅲ. 阅读七选五 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 文章介 绍了一些减少屏幕使用时间的建议。 1. D 　 上文“According to the researchers from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), long and consist- ent use of social media can lead to de- pression, stress, and anxiety among us- ers of all ages. ”说明长期持续使用社 交媒体对身体不利,选项 D“许多用户 甚至对社交媒体上瘾。”承接上文,继 续说明社交媒体的不利因素。 故选 D 项。 2. F 　 上文 “However, if you reduce the time you spend on your phone every day, you can spare a few more hours for outdoor activities. ”说明如果少看手机, 就可以多进行户外活动,选项 F“研究 显示了许多积极的影响,比如降低血 压和压力。”承接上文,和上文存在因 果关系,是户外活动的结果。 故选 F 项。 3. G　 上文“Whenever you􀆳re working on something else, try placing your phone in another room or closing your laptop. ” 建议把手机放在另一个房间,把电脑 关掉,选项 G“这样,每次屏幕亮起的 时候,你就不会那么想拿起手机了。” 承接上文,和上文存在因果关系,是手 机和 电 脑 不 在 身 边 的 结 果。 故 选 G 项。 4. A 　 下文 “However, making specific plans to see friends or go outside can help you deliberately break away from the screen. ”说明计划活动有帮助,选 项 A“计划活动。”概括了本段主题,给 出计划活动的建议。 故选 A 项。 5. E　 上文“Create a habit. ”和下文“For example, instead of grabbing your phone first thing in the morning, leave a pen and paper beside your bed and spend a few minutes journaling when you wake 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -584- 参 考 答 案　 up. ”建议使用其他的娱乐形式代替手 机,并养成习惯,选项 E“这意味着提醒 自己其他的娱乐来源。”承上启下,建 议使用其他娱乐来源。 故选 E 项。 Ⅳ. 语法填空 [语篇解读]本文是一篇报道。 在五一假 期期间,社交媒体平台小红书上发布了 大量寻找“搭子”,也就是旅行伙伴的信 息。 在某些方面,使用“搭子”的活动已 经成为一种新的社交形式。 1. were posted　 考查动词时态、语态和主 谓一致。 句意:在五一假期期间,社交 媒体平台小红书上发布了大量寻找 “搭子”,也就是旅行伙伴的信息。 根 据“During the May Day holiday”可知, 此处描述过去的事情,应用一般过去 时。 动词 post 意为 “发布”,和主语 messages 构成被动关系,应用被动语 态,主语为复数形式,故 be 动词使用 were。 故填 were posted。 2. stimulating 　 考查非谓语动词。 句意: 今年早些时候,几个与“搭子”相关的 话题成为新浪微博上搜索量最高的话 题标签,引发了年轻人的热烈讨论。 动词 stimulate 意为“促进,激发(某事 物)”,和句子主语构成主动关系,且表 示意料之中的结果,应用现在分词,作 状语。 故填 stimulating。 3. a　 考查冠词。 句意:在某些方面,使用 “搭子”的活动已经成为一种新的社交 形式。 form 意为“形式”,为可数名词, 此处为第一次出现,应用不定冠词。 new 的发音以辅音音素开头,故填 a。 4. Unlike 　 考查介词。 句意:与友谊不 同,“搭子”的概念更具可定制性。 根 据“ the concept of dazi is more customi- zable”可知,此处是指“搭子”不像友 谊,应用介词 unlike 表示“不像”。 句 首首字母应大写。 故填 Unlike。 5. definitely　 考查副词。 句意:它绝对以 伴侣领域为中心。 此处修饰动词,应 用副词 definitely,意为“绝对地”,作状 语。 故填 definitely。 6. to join　 考查非谓语动词。 句意:这个 想法很简单———随机的人聚在一起参 加一项他们都喜欢的活动。 根据“ ran- dom individuals come together”和“ in an activity they all enjoy”可知,此处应用 动词不定式,作目的状语。 故填 to join。 7. shared　 考查非谓语动词。 句意:除了 共同的兴趣爱好外,与普通的关系相 比,“搭子”的另一个主要优点是简单。 动词 share 意为“共同拥有(看法、特质 或经历)”,和逻辑主语 interests 构成被 动关系,且动作已完成,应用过去分 词,作定语。 故填 shared。 8. is　 考查主谓一致。 句意同上。 此处 描述客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语 advantage 为第三人称单数, be 动词用 is。 故填 is。 9. If / When　 考查连接词。 句意:“如果 / 当有一天我的饭‘搭子’没来上学,我 这一天其余的时候也不会很难过。”来 自山西的 17 岁学生石志敏说。 根据 “my meal dazi doesn􀆳t go to school someday”和“ I􀆳ll not be so sad for the rest of the day”可知,此处应用连词 if 表示 “如果” 引导条件状语从句或 when 表示“当……时”引导时间状语 从句。 句首首字母应大写。 故填 If 或 When。 10. while / but / yet　 考查连词。 句意:“传 统的友谊需要大量的时间和情感来 维持,而拥有‘搭子’意味着不需要承 担这些负担,”她补充说。 根据“Tra- ditional friendships require a lot of time and emotion to maintain”和“ having a dazi means not needing to carry those burdens”可知,前后构成转折关系,所 以应用连词 while / but / yet 表示 “然 而”。 故填 while / but / yet。 写作专练(五) Ⅰ. 应用文写作 The Most Impressive School Activity It􀆳s hard to believe that I am so close to reaching the end of high school. Looking back, I can recall plenty of memorable ac- tivities. However, the most impressive one was the coming-of-age ceremony. To honor the students who had turned 18, a grand ceremony was held in the sen- ior year. We students, wearing traditional dress, gathered at the stadium. First, our principal sincerely extended her congratula- tions on us becoming grown-ups. Then followed the Confucian-style coming-of- age ceremonies—Ji Li ( for girls ) and Guan Li ( for boys) . Finally, we made a solemn vow to shoulder the responsibility as an adult. Personally, the ceremony exerted a profound influence on us students. Not on- ly did it fully expose us to traditional Chi- nese culture, but it motivated us to em- brace the new identity and live up to our promise. Ⅱ. 读后续写 Rick was lost in thought. It slowly dawned on him that people he was angry at had done nothing wrong. His classmates who showed their new clothes and pencil cases to others might just want to share their happiness with friends. His teacher did blame him because he was being a problem. And his schoolmate􀆳s father was just trying to help him correct his mis- takes. They had no intention to hurt him but he just let his unreasonable anger con- sume him and hurt them. How ridiculous he had been! Rick knew it was time to change. From then on,Rick tried his best to control his temper. Every time he felt he was to explode, he would walk away and ask himself why he was angry and whether it was reasonable to be angry. Then he would find his peace and laughed his anger away. Gradually, everyone saw a different Rick. He no longer shouted at others or threw things away. He chatted with classmates after class and complimented their new clothes and pencil cases. He even helped teachers carry books before class sometimes. Rick􀆳s change surprised everyone and they all felt happy for him. 选择性必修第三册 课时作业 16　 CAREERS Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 “斜杠 青年”指的是那些拒绝被一个个人身份 定义或约束,选择从事多种职业的人。 文章主要介绍了中国的年轻人所追求的 “斜杠生活”。 1. B 　 细 节 理 解 题。 根 据 第 一 段 中 “China􀆳s young people are keen to share their slash youth stories online, presen- ting themselves as multiple and some- times distinct identities, such as a nurse and model, a teacher and stand-up co- median, and an engineer and musici- an. ”可知,“斜杠青年”更可能从事多 种职业。 2. A　 细节理解题。 根据第二段中“And she is amazed to find her ‘ slash life’ philosophy followed by so many of her peers. ”可知,“斜杠生活”哲学被如此 多的同龄人所遵循,即年轻人对“斜杠 生活”的反应是积极的,由此可推知, 邢二阳惊讶于其他年轻人对“斜杠生 活”的积极反应。 3. D　 细节理解题。 根据第三段中“Their passion for music has grown since col- lege and they didn􀆳t abandon their enthu- siasm, even after entering the work- place. ”和第四段的内容可知,魏恒和 唐雨涵为了追求他们的音乐事业都不 顾老一辈人的意见。 4. B 　 推理判断题。 根据最后一段中 “The ‘ slash life’ mania(狂热) shows that, along with China􀆳s economic de- velopment, our society is becoming more and more diversified and inclu- sive, and it welcomes everyone􀆳s self- fulfillment,” says Shi Yanrong, an as- sociate researcher from Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences. 可推知,我们社会对 “斜杠生活”的态度是支持的。 B 项 “Supportive”,意为“支持的”。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -585-