课时作业12 Conservation&写作专练(四)-(课时作业)【红对勾讲与练】2025年高考英语大一轮复习全新方案(北师大版2019)

选择性必修第一册　 3 课时作业 12　 CONSERVATION Ⅰ. 阅读理解 " (2023·河北邯郸模拟) When put to tests, bees have long proved that they􀆳ve got a lot more to offer than pollinating (授 粉), making honey and being loyal to a queen. The hard-working insects can change their behavior when things seem difficult, and now some scientists find there is proof that they also like to play. Scientists from Queen Mary University of London performed an experiment, in which they set up a container that allowed bees to travel from their nest to a feeding area. But along the way, the bees could choose to pass through a separate section with some small wooden balls. Over 18 days, the scientists watched as the bees “went out of their way to roll wooden balls repeatedly, despite no apparent incentive (刺激) to do so. ” Earlier studies have shown that the black and yellow bugs are willing to learn new tricks in exchange for food or other rewards. In this case, to get rid of external factors, scientists made sure the bees had adapted to their new home and that their environment was stress-free. The finding suggests that like humans, insects also interact with objects as a form of play. Also similar to people, younger bees seem to be more playful than adult bees. “This research provides a strong indication that insects􀆳 minds are far more complicated than we imagine. There are lots of animals who play just for the purpose of enjoyment, but most examples come from young mammals ( 哺 乳 动 物) and birds,” said Lars Chittka, a professor of sensory and behavioral ecology at Queen Mary University of London, who led the study. The study􀆳s first author, Samadi Galpay, who is a PhD student at Queen Mary University of London, states that it is more evident that bees may be capable of experiencing feelings. “ They may actually experience some kind of positive emotional states, even if basic, like other larger animals do. This finding has effects on our understanding of the sense and welfare of insects, which, consequently, encourages us to respect and protect wildlife on Earth ever more,” she says. 1. What is the new finding about bees? A. They are fond of having fun. B. They are faithful to the queen. C. They are adaptable to changes. D. They are skilled at rolling balls. 2. How did scientists remove external influences in the experiment? A. By teaching bees new tricks. B. By rewarding bees with food. C. By making bees feel at home. D. By building new homes for bees. 3. What are Lars Chittka􀆳s words mainly about? A. The forms of bees􀆳 interaction. B. The complexity of bees􀆳 minds. C. The examples of mammals􀆳 play. D. The purpose of mammals􀆳 enjoyment. 4. What does Samadi Galpay say about the study result? A. It backs up prior understanding of insects. B. It reveals reasons for bees􀆳 positive feelings. C. It drives research on animals􀆳 emotional state. D. It contributes to wildlife conservation on Earth. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -469- hh
#4 # (2023·山东德州模拟) When floods destroyed Bangkok more than a decade ago, Thai landscape architect Voraakhom became determined to help her sinking hometown fight this deadly climate threat. “ For us, climate change is primarily a water crisis,” she said. The architect integrates nature and water into her designs to create landscapes that help ease flooding and add greenery to densely populated cities. “To date, Thailand has tried to tackle its flooding problem by building higher and higher dams,” she said, arguing that this is the wrong approach and a solution based on fear. “The central question sinking cities like Bangkok need to focus on is how we are going to live with the water, without fear. ” One of Voraakhom􀆳s most innovative designs is Centenary Park, which stores large amounts of rainwater and prevents the surrounding streets from flooding. Voraakhom also created Asia􀆳s largest rooftop farm, Siam Green Sky, which recycles food waste from restaurants in the building below and uses it as plant fertilizer. The farm also slows down and stores large amounts of rainwater. Inspired by Thailand􀆳s traditional agricultural practices, the architect created a landscape which allows rainwater to pour into the herb gardens. A research fellow at the Stockholm Environment Institute, Diane Archer said, “ For Voraakhom􀆳s urban green spaces, not only are they designed to tackle flooding by acting as water storage spaces, but they contribute to cleaning the air and providing essential green oases in our concrete jungle, so important for mental and physical health. Even at a small scale, these parks are beneficial to the residents, and we could do with more. ” Voraakhom􀆳s designs and the lessons are now expanding beyond Thailand. “ Green climate- adapted areas are a good long-term investment for cities,” she said, “ and the best solution for the next generation. ” 5. How does Voraakhom help cities with a large population to address flooding? A. By building higher and higher dams. B. By countering the fear of residents. C. By painting landscapes for the cities. D. By using nature and water in her design. 6. What is food waste in Siam Green Sky used to do? A. To store rainwater. B. To fertilize herb gardens. C. To create a landscape. D. To be recycled by restaurants. 7. What does Archer think of Voraakhom􀆳s designs? A. They benefit the health of citizens. B. They discover green oases in cities. C. They become the biggest air cleaner. D. They increase concrete storage in cities. 8. What is the best title for the text? A. Agricultural practices in Thailand B. Thailand􀆳s efforts in tackling flooding C. The work principle of the rooftop farm D. An architect helping sinking cities fight flooding Ⅱ. 完形填空 (2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔模拟) Allen Minish was alone when he saw a large brown bear walking about 30 feet away. The bear 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -470- 选择性必修第一册　 3 closed the ground between them in a few seconds and tried to 　 1　 him. Minish hid behind the trees 　 2　 . But that didn􀆳t stop the bear. As the bear 　 3　 , he held up the 　 4　 end of a pole and pushed it toward the bear to keep it away from him. The bear simply swept it to the side and the 　 5　 of the blow knocked Minish to the ground. “As it got on top of me, I used my hands to pull it away,” Minish said, explaining why he got a wound in his 　 6　 . “But he took a big bite that broke the bones and 　 7　 my right hand basically. ” When the bear let go of his hand, Minish stopped 　 8　 and lay flat on the ground and put his hands over his head. 　 9　 that Minish was dead, the bear just walked away. “ I realized I was in pretty 　 10　 shape because I had all this blood everywhere,” he said. He called 911 on his cellphone. While he was 　 11　 , he pulled off his T-shirt and wrapped it around his hand in an attempt to stop the 　 12　 . Before help arrived, he worried about the bear returning to 　 13　 him off. But every time Minish looked around, there was no bear in 　 14　 . “ I guess I was lucky,” Minish said. “But I have learned a lesson. I should have had a 　 15　 . I will not go there alone anymore. ” 1. A. feed B. meet C. copy D. attack 2. A. quickly B. playfully C. accidentally D. secretly 3. A. disappeared B. refused C. neared D. danced 4. A. dead B. sharp C. far D. opposite 5. A. force B. sound C. speed D. wave 6. A. head B. hand C. shoulder D. leg 7. A. saved B. used C. damaged D. cured 8. A. giving in B. running away C. waking up D. fighting back 9. A. Hoping B. Assuming C. Seeing D. Admitting 10. A. bad B. amazing C. strange D. special 11. A. crying B. hunting C. struggling D. waiting 12. A. sweat B. water C. bleeding D. oil 13. A. put B. finish C. set D. break 14. A. time B. need C. fact D. sight 15. A. company B. gun C. knife D. coach Ⅲ. 阅读七选五 (2023·江苏扬州中学模拟) What makes a work of architecture great? Most people would argue that aesthetics ( 美感) are the most important. 　 1　 However, Roman architect Marcus Vitruvius Pollio believed that we should also consider durability and function when assessing a structure. The Rostonville Library in my city is a great example of Vitruvius􀆳s principles. Constructed entirely of granite—a hard and tough stone, the library is durable. It can withstand environmental pollution. For example, it is resistant to acid rain. Moreover, its granite structure is stable so it􀆳s more likely to survive an 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -471- hh
#4 earthquake. 　 2　 It uses solar energy for heating and a rooftop garden for cooling. 　 3　 Providing free access to print and digital information, it conveys a feeling of openness and accessibility. Furthermore, the entire library is on one level, and it has an open design— there are no inner walls or dividers. In addition, large windows let in plenty of natural light, so it􀆳s easy to see and get to each department within the library. Finally, the library is beautiful, with aesthetically pleasing details both inside and out. The large windows are copper-framed(铜框的) . The copper color provides an interesting contrast against the color of the granite structure and it will remain as the copper ages. Growth from the rooftop garden, which reaches down the sides of the building, adds to the aesthetics of the building. 　 4　 Durability, functionality and beauty make the Rostonville Library a great structure. Architects who follow Vitruvius􀆳s principles help to make the city more pleasant to live in. 　 5　 A. The library is also sustainable. B. It is true that beauty is critical. C. This is not the only concern of the architects. D. The library was designed with functionality in mind. E. It softens the lines of the structure and helps it to fit into its natural surroundings. F. Plus, the library was built on the edge of the city park, surrounded by native plants. G. Buildings that fulfill these criteria offer both peace of mind and beauty for their users. 1. 　 　 　 　 　 2. 　 　 　 　 　 3. 　 　 　 　 4. 　 　 　 　 　 5. 　 　 　 　 Ⅳ. 语法填空 (2023·重庆模拟) Spring is the season for new life. In China, the peak time for spring plowing and sowing is around the Qingming Festival, which falls 　 1　 Wednesday this year, when people from all walks of life go out and plant trees 　 2　 (make) the land greener. From top leaders to ordinary citizens, 　 3　 (plant) trees has been a widespread practice for the Chinese, 　 4　 voluntarily take part in the country􀆳s massive greening efforts 　 5　 (year) to show just how much the world􀆳s second-largest economy values greenness and ecological conservation. Since 　 6　 start of afforestation (植树造林) decades ago, China 　 7　 ( create) the world􀆳s largest planted forests. Thick forests have also become a substantial source of income for 　 8　 ( local) . Last year, the output value of China􀆳s forestry and grassland industry reached about 1. 22 trillion dollars, while the foreign trade volume of forest products 　 9　 ( be) 191 billion dollars. Green development with both ecological and economic benefits is a highlight and distinctive feature of Chinese modernization. Under a long-term plan, China expects to increase its forest 　 10　 ( cover ) rate to 26 percent by 2035. By then, China􀆳s forest stock volume will rise to 21 billion cubic meters. 1. 　 　 　 　 　 2. 　 　 　 　 　 3. 　 　 　 　 4. 　 　 　 　 　 5. 　 　 　 　 　 6. 　 　 　 　 7. 　 　 　 　 　 8. 　 　 　 　 　 9. 　 　 　 　 10. 　 　 　 　 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -472- 选择性必修第一册　 3 写作专练(四) " Ⅰ. 应用文写作 (2023·江苏徐州模拟) 假如你是校学生会主席李华,你校将举行以 “孝敬父母”为主题的系列活动。 请为这次活动 写一篇开幕词,内容包括: 1. 活动目的; 2. 活动内容; 3. 预祝活动圆满成功。 注意: 1. 词数 80 左右; 2. 请按如下格式作答。 提示词:孝敬 show filial respect for 　 　 　 　 Ⅱ. 读后续写 (2023·福建福州三中模拟) 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头 语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Everything about moving day was a puzzle. I didn􀆳t know anything about our new building on a new street. Our old life was broken into pieces and packed up in piled boxes. I wondered if it would ever fit back together again. Mom introduced me to our new neighbors, the Chens. Mrs Chen worked with Mom at the job she􀆳d just started. Mr Chen was a famous craftsman (匠人) from China. Mom said it was a fresh start, but it felt broken to me. I just wanted things to go back to how they had been before. After the first day at my new school, I walked home alone. Mom had told me she had to work. I was still hoping she􀆳d meet me after the bell. I had to open the door myself with the new key. I felt a bit hungry and went straight into the kitchen, ripping tape from the packed boxes while I searched for a clean plate. My fingers slipped, and something went crashing to the ground. “Benjamin!” cried Mom from the doorway. I didn􀆳t hear her come in. “What just broke?” she asked, kneeling to pick up the pieces. In her hands, I recognized the shattered pieces. It was Grandma􀆳s bowl. “ I can􀆳t believe you broke this,” she said. “Well, I can􀆳t believe we have to live here now! I can􀆳t believe I have to switch schools, and I can􀆳t believe you didn􀆳t even meet me after my first day!” I ran into my room, slamming the door behind me. The broom swept across the kitchen floor. Then the click of Mom􀆳s bedroom door closed behind her. I sneaked out into the kitchen and found the fragments in the dustbin. There were so many pieces in here, but maybe I could put them back together. Turning the pieces, I tried to match them, but this bowl would never look the same again. “ I􀆳m sorry I yelled,” said Mom, as she opened her door. “ Please just throw out the pieces. We can􀆳t make a fresh start with broken things. ” As I wandered down the hall, Mr Chen was emptying his garbage. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右; 2. 请按如下格式作答。 “Are you sure you want to throw that out?” he asked. 　 　 　 　 I brought the repaired bowl into her room. 　 　 　 　 　 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -473- hh
#4 # Ⅰ. 应用文写作 (2023·湖北武汉模拟) 假设你是学校排球队长,即将结束在国外中 学的交流访问,你将代表球队在答谢宴会上致 辞。 请你准备一篇答谢辞,内容包括: 1. 感谢接待; 2. 你们的收获; 3. 表达祝愿。 注意: 1. 词数 80 左右; 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Dear friends, 　 　 　 　 Ⅱ. 读后续写 (2023·湖南益阳模拟) 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头 语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I adopted him, he had been rescued from death inside a tightly tied black trash bag abandoned right beside a garbage truck on the road. An alert garbage man noticed the bag moving and used a metal rake (耙子) to tear open the bag to look inside. There was my shaking puppy dog. The rake damaged the nerves in his back so he limped a little, but he could run as fast as lightning. For my dog􀆳s first birthday, I entered him in a fun run sponsored by our local Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals ( SPCA) . I􀆳m not much of a runner, but the run was only 3 kilometers, so I thought it would be fun for both of us. We practiced for weeks. On our practice runs, he was always eager to go and usually dragged me along behind him. I worked on his leash (拴狗链) manners so that he wouldn􀆳t trip me on the big day. I felt we were ready for anything. The fun run was downtown among the big buildings, so the noise of barking dogs all around us rose to a deafening pitch at the start of the race. My dog was frightened when the starting tone went off. He had trouble running in the right direction with all the confusion around us. Soon the runners began to thin out, and my dog was running straight and fast. We were passing people and making great time. I was dreaming of a gold-medal finish. However, when we were six blocks from the finish, my dog suddenly stopped and dropped to the ground like a sack of potatoes. I almost dislocated my shoulder from the sudden stop as I was pulled backward by the leash. He was lying flat on his belly with his head down in the middle of the crossroads. At first I thought something bad had happened to him. He was shaking and sobbing. I did a quick check and couldn􀆳t see anything wrong. I tried to get him up, but he refused. The police officer doing traffic control impatiently signed me to move away so he could release the cars. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右; 2. 请按如下格式作答。 But I couldn􀆳t get my seventy-five-pound dog to get up. 　 　 　 　 　 　 Another half-block of carrying him brought the answer—a moving garbage truck. 　 　 　 　 　 　 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -474- hh
#4 自己的故事激励其他想要学习的人。 故选 C 项。 15. D 　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. knowl- edge 知识;B. wealth 财富;C. health 健 康;D. age 年龄。 由上文可知,年迈的 母亲在 80 岁获得大学学位,不想停止 学习的脚步,表明年龄不是学习的障 碍。 故选 D 项。 Ⅲ. 阅读七选五 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 文章通 过列举牛顿、哥伦布的经历说明了在通 向成 功 的 路 上 坚 持 不 懈 地 努 力 的 重 要性。 1. F 　 根据下文 “But the reality is that man􀆳s success depends on whether he can do the toughest tasks successfully. ” 可知,此处说明人的成功在于完成最 难的任务,F 项“第一次尝试就很容易 完成的任务无疑是非常容易的。”与下 文为转折关系,话题与任务的难易 有关。 2. B 　 根据上文“And to succeed in this tough battle, perseverance and hard work is a must. ”可知,此处说明了毅力 和努力是人生成功的必要条件,B 项 “这是人生成功的唯一先决条件。”中 的 it 指代上文中“毅力和努力”这一必 要条件,上下文衔接连贯。 3. G 　 根据上文“What the world-famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton had done by twelve years􀆳 constant hard work was burnt out by his pet dog. But that could not discourage him a little. ”可知,尽管 牛顿 12 年努力的成果被他的爱犬给毁 了,但他没有气馁。 G 项“通过多年的 努力和坚持不懈,他能够再次做到这 一点。”能够衔接上文,其中的 He 指代 上文的 the world-famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton,且 do it again 与前文呼 应,上下文衔接连贯。 4. E 　 根据下文 “He went through thick and thin to reach his destination after months of the strenuous voyage on the sea...will be generated by the world for- ever. ”可知,此处提到的人物是个航海 家,E 项“哥伦布给我们留下了一个坚 持不懈的冒险故事。”符合本段主旨, 下文中的 He 指代 E 项中的 Columbus, 上下文衔接连贯。 5. D　 根据上文“All the great men in his- tory have written their names in golden letters by means of perseverance. ” 可 知,此处说明成就大事业的伟人都具 备坚韧不拔的毅力, D 项“他们的成功 对我们来说永远是完美的榜样。”能够 衔接上文,符合语境。 Ⅳ. 语法填空 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 文章主 要介绍了发展最迅速的女子运动———啦 啦队。 1. to distinguish 　 考查动词不定式。 句 意:此外,他们无法区分场外啦啦队员 和竞技啦啦队员。 fail to do sth. 为固 定短语,表示“没能做某事”,所以空处 应用动词不定式形式。 2. be considered　 考查动词语态。 句意: 场外啦啦队员的主要目标是娱乐观 众,并用团队欢呼来引导他们,这不应 该被视为一项运动。 分析句子结构可 知, which 引导非限制性定语从句, which 指代前边的整个句子,并在从句 中作主语,主语与 consider 之间是被动 关系,应用被动语态,且在情态动词 should 之后,应用 be considered。 3. is　 考查动词时态和主谓一致。 句意: 根据啦啦队教练和顾问协会的说法, 运动是一项“体育比赛,其主要目的是 比较参与者的相关技能”。 根据 and 后 面的句子中的 is 可知,句子使用一般 现在时,主语 A sport 是单数, be 动词 应用 is。 4. and　 考查连词。 句意:整个程序必须 在不到 3 分 15 秒的时间内完成,并且 啦啦队员必须待在一定的区域内。 结 合语意可知,句子前后为并列关系,应 用并列连词 and 连接。 5. best　 考查形容词最高级。 句意:竞技 啦啦队队员的目标是成为最好的。 结 合语境以及常识可知,啦啦队员的目 标是成为最好的,空处应用形容词最 高级形式 best,表示“最好的”。 6. the　 考查冠词。 句意:动作难度越大, 动作越清晰,得分就越高。 分析句子 可知,本句使用“ the+比较级, the+比较 级”结构,表示“越……,就越……”,所 以空处应用定冠词 the。 7. without　 考查介词。 句意:啦啦队是一 项团队运动,所以如果没有合作,第一 名是遥不可及的。 结合语境及常识可 知,没有合作的话,第一名是遥不可及 的,空处应用介词 without,表示“没有”。 8. which　 考查限制性定语从句。 句意: 竞技啦啦队是一项受规则约束的体育 活动,根据规则可以宣布获胜者,其主 要目的是比较参与者的技能。 分析句 子结构可知,本句使用“under+关系代 词”引导的限制性定语从句,修饰先行 词 rules,先行词指物,所以关系代词应 用 which。 9. Hopefully　 考查副词。 句意:希望啦啦 队能像足球和篮球一样成为一项众所 周知的运动,甚至出现在奥运会上,因 为啦啦队队员的运动能力和身体素质 与那些参与更广泛接受的运动的人一 样好。 空处修饰后边的整个句子,应 用副词形式作状语, hopefully 是副词, 表示“有希望地”,置于句首,首字母 大写。 10. involved　 考查过去分词。 句意同上。 分析句子结构可知,空处作非谓语动 词, be involved in 为固定短语,表示 “参与”,作后置定语修饰 those 时,去 掉 be 动词,使用过去分词形式。 课时作业 12　 CONSERVATION Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 一项研 究结果表明昆虫的思维比人类想象的复 杂。 这项研究对于保护昆虫有很大的 作用。 1. A 　 细节理解题。 根据第一段 “ The hard-working insects can change their behavior when things seem difficult, and now some scientists find there is proof that they also like to play. ”可知,关于 蜜蜂的新发现是它们也喜欢玩乐。 2. C　 推理判断题。 根据第三段“ In this case, to get rid of external factors, sci- entists made sure the bees had adapted to their new home and that their environ- ment was stress-free. ”可推知,为了消 除外部因素,他们让蜜蜂适应新家,让 他们有了家的感觉,从而对环境感觉 不到压力。 3. B 　 细节理解题。 根据第四段 Lars Chittka 说的话“This research provides a strong indication that insects􀆳 minds are far more complicated than we imagine. There are lots of animals who play just for the purpose of enjoyment, but most examples come from young mammals (哺乳动物) and birds”可知,Lars Chit- tka 的话表明了昆虫的思维远比我们想 象的复杂。 4. D　 细节理解题。 根据最后一段 Sama- di Galpay 所说的话 “This finding has effects on our understanding of the sense and welfare of insects, which, conse- quently, encourages us to respect and protect wildlife on Earth ever more”可 知,该研究结果有助于保护地球上的 野生动物。 B [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 泰国景 观设计师 Voraakhom 将自然和水融入她 的设计中,创造出有助于缓解洪水的景 观,并为人口稠密的城市增添绿化。 5. D　 细节理解题。 根据第二段“The ar- chitect integrates nature and water into her designs to create landscapes that help ease flooding and add greenery to dense- ly populated cities. ” 可知, Voraakhom 通过在她的设计中使用自然和水帮助 人口众多的城市应对洪水。 故选 D。 6. B　 细节理解题。 根据第三段“Voraak- hom also created Asia􀆳s largest rooftop farm, Siam Green Sky, which recycles food waste from restaurants in the build- ing below and uses it as plant fertiliz- er. ”可知,Siam Green Sky 的食物垃圾 是用来给草本花园施肥的。 故选 B。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -578- 参 考 答 案　 7. A 　 细节理解题。 根据倒数第二段 “ ...they contribute to cleaning the air and providing essential green oases in our concrete jungle, so important for mental and physical health. Even at a small scale, these parks are beneficial to the residents...” 可 知, Archer 认 为 Voraakhom 的设计有利于居民的健康。 故选 A。 8. D　 主旨大意题。 通读全文内容可知, 文章 主 要 介 绍 了 泰 国 景 观 设 计 师 Voraakhom 将自然和水融入她的设计 中,创造出有助于缓解洪水的景观,并 为人口稠密的城市增添绿化的事情, 因此 D 选项“一位帮助下沉城市对抗 洪水的设计师” 最适合作文章标题。 故选 D。 Ⅱ. 完形填空 [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。 文章主 要记 述 了 Allen Minish “ 熊 口 脱 险” 的 经历。 1. D　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. feed 喂养; B. meet 遇到;C. copy 复制;D. attack 攻 击。 根据“The bear simply swept it to the side and the 　 5　 of the blow knocked Minish to the ground. ” 可知, 熊准备发动攻击。 故选 D。 2. A　 考查副词词义辨析。 A. quickly 迅 速地;B. playfully 开玩笑地;C. acciden- tally 意外地;D. secretly 秘密地。 根据 “But that didn􀆳t stop the bear. ” 可知, Allen Minish 赶紧躲到树后,但是熊还 是不依不饶。 故选 A。 3. C 　 考 查 动 词 词 义 辨 析。 A. disap- peared 消失;B. refused 拒绝;C. neared 接近;D. danced 跳舞。 根据 “ he held up the 　 4　 end of a pole and pushed it toward the bear to keep it away from him”可知,这里指当熊步步逼近时, Allen Minish 所采取的措施。 故选 C。 4. B　 考查形容词词义辨析。 A. dead 死 的;B. sharp 锋利的; C. far 较远的; D. opposite 相反的。 根据“ and pushed it toward the bear to keep it away from him”可知,Allen Minish 把杆子的尖头 推向熊,希望把它赶走。 故选 B。 5. A　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. force 力量; B. sound 声音;C. speed 速度;D. wave 波浪。 根据“The bear simply swept it to the side”可知,熊只那么轻轻一扫,杆 子的冲击力就把 Allen Minish 撂倒在 地上。 故选 A。 6. B 　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. head 头; B. hand 手;C. shoulder 肩膀;D. leg 腿。 根据“‘As it got on top of me, I used my hands to pull it away,’ Minish said, explaining why he got a wound...” 可 知,Allen Minish 是想解释他的手为什 么会被伤得那么厉害。 故选 B。 7. C 　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. saved 节 省; B. used 使 用; C. damaged 损 害; D. cured 治疗。 此处表示 Allen Minish 右手受伤了。 故选 C。 8. D　 考查动词短语辨析。 A. giving in 屈服;B. running away 逃跑;C. waking up 醒来;D. fighting back 反击。 根据 “and lay flat on the ground and put his hands over his head”可知,见识到了熊 的厉害后,Allen Minish 停止了反击。 故选 D。 9. B　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. Hoping 希 望;B. Assuming 假定,认为;C. Seeing 看见;D. Admitting 承认。 根据“Minish was dead ” 及 “ the bear just walked away”可知,熊以为 Allen Minish 已经 死了,也就走开了。 故选 B。 10. A　 考查形容词词义辨析。 A. bad 坏 的;B. amazing 令人惊异的;C. strange 奇怪的;D. special 特别的。 根据“be- cause I had all this blood everywhere” 可知,Allen Minish 知道自己的情况很 糟糕。 故选 A。 11. D　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. crying 大 哭;B. hunting 狩猎; C. struggling 奋 斗;D. waiting 等待。 根据“He called 911 on his cellphone. ” 可 知, Allen Minish 在等待救援。 故选 D。 12. C　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. sweat 汗 水; B. water 水; C. bleeding 流 血; D. oil 油。 根 据 “ he pulled off his T-shirt”可知,他用 T 恤包扎了受伤的 手,试图止血。 故选 C。 13. B　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. put 放; B. finish 完成;C. set 设置;D. break 打 破。 根 据 “ But every time Minish looked around, there was no bear in 　 14　 . ”可知,救援人员赶到之前他 还担心熊会折回来干掉他。 故选 B。 14. D　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. time 时 间;B. need 需要;C. fact 事实;D. sight 视力。 根据 “ But every time Minish looked around”可知,每次他抬头张望 时,都没有发现熊的踪影。 故选 D。 15. A　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. company 陪伴;B. gun 枪;C. knife 刀;D. coach 教练。 根据“ I will not go there alone anymore. ”可知,Allen Minish 终于长 了一智:下次再到那里去时一定要有 个伴。 故选 A。 Ⅲ. 阅读七选五 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 作者介 绍了伟大建筑作品应该除了具有美感 外,还要有耐久性和功能性。 1. B　 根据前文“Most people would argue that aesthetics (美感) are the most im- portant. ” 以及后文 “However, Roman architect Marcus Vitruvius Pollio be- lieved that we should also consider dura- bility and function when assessing a structure”可知,选项 B“的确,美是至关 重要的。”可以起到承上启下的作用, aesthetics(美感) are the most important 和 beauty is critical 是关联词。 2. A 　 根据后文“ It uses solar energy for heating and a rooftop garden for cool- ing. ”可知,选项 A“图书馆也是可持续 的。”可以引出后文关于可持续能源的 介绍, uses solar energy for heating and a rooftop garden for cooling 和 sustain- able 是关联词。 3. D　 根据后文“Providing free access to print and digital information, it conveys a feeling of openness and...so it􀆳s easy to see and get to each department within the library. ”可知,选项 D“图书馆的设 计考虑到了功能。”可以作为本段的主 题, functionality 是关键词。 4. E　 根据前文“Growth from the rooftop garden... adds to the aesthetics of the building. ”可知,选项 E“它软化了建筑 物的线条,有助于它融入自然环境”可 以承接上文,介绍屋顶花园的美感 设计。 5. G　 根据前文“Durability, functionality and beauty make the Rostonville Library a great structure. Architects who follow Vitruvius􀆳s principles help to make the city more pleasant to live in. ”可知,选 项 G“符合这些标准的建筑为用户提 供了心灵的平静和美丽。”可以承接上 文,是对整篇文章的总结。 Ⅳ. 语法填空 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 文章介 绍了 中 国 在 植 树 造 林 方 面 的 成 就 及 意义。 1. on　 考查介词。 句意:在中国,春耕和 春播的高峰期是在清明节前后,今年 的清明节是星期三,为了让土地变得 更绿,各行各业的人都会出去植树。 根据句意可知,此处表示“在星期三”, 介词应用 on。 2. to make 　 考查动词不定式。 句意同 上。 根据句意可知,此处应用动词不 定式作目的状语。 故填 to make。 3. planting 　 考查动名词。 句意:从最高 领导人到普通公民,植树造林一直是 中国人的普遍做法,他们每年都自愿 参加国家的大规模绿化工作,以表明 这个世界第二大经济体是多么重视绿 化和生态保护。 分析句子成分,根据 后面的“has been”可知,此处应用动名 词作主语。 4. who　 考查定语从句关系词。 句意同 上。 分析句子结构可知,此处引导非 限制性定语从句,先行词为 the Chi- nese,指人,关系词在定语从句中作主 语,故应使用关系代词 who 引导该 从句。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -579- hh
#4 5. yearly　 考查副词。 句意同上。 分析句 子成分可知,此处应用副词 yearly,意 为“每年”,作时间状语。 6. the 　 考查冠词。 句意:自几十年前开 始植树造林以来,中国已经创造了世 界上最大的人工林。 start 意为 “开 始”,是可数名词,结合句意可知,此处 特指开始植树造林,故应用定冠词 the。 7. has created 　 考查动词时态和主谓一 致。 句意同上。 分析句子结构可知, 所填词为句子的谓语动词,结合时间 状语 since the start of afforestation dec- ades ago 可知,句子应使用现在完成 时,主语是 China,助动词应用 has。 8. locals 　 考查可数名词复数。 句意:茂 密的森林也成为当地人的一项可观的 收入来源。 local 在这里意为 “当地 人”,是可数名词,结合语境可知,此处 应用其复数形式表示泛指。 9. was　 考查动词时态和主谓一致。 句 意:去年,中国林业和草原业产值约为 1. 22 万亿美元,林产品外贸额为 1 910 亿美元。 根据时间状语 Last year 可 知,句子应使用一般过去时,主语 the foreign trade volume of forest products 为单数概念, be 动词应用 was。 10. coverage 　 考查不可数名词。 句意: 根据一项长期计划,中国预计到 2035 年将森林覆盖率提高到 26%。 分析 可知,此处应用不可数名词 coverage 作定语,修饰后文名词 rate, forest coverage rate 意为“森林覆盖率”。 写作专练(四) A Ⅰ. 应用文写作 Dear teachers and fellow students, I feel privileged to give you a brief in- troduction to the activity themed “ showing filial respect for our parents” held in our school. As we all know, filial affection for parents is highly stressed in Chinese tradi- tional education. To deepen our under- standing of it, we are gathered here today to attend the activity. As scheduled, the activity consists of four parts, a themed speech, short drama performances, a photo show, and a painting exhibition, the spe- cific time of which has been listed on the noticeboard. I do hope we could have a meaningful and enjoyable experience. Thank you for your attendance. Ⅱ. 读后续写 “Are you sure you want to throw that out?” he asked. My throat twisted into a knot. “ It􀆳s broken,” I murmured. “That􀆳s a simple repair. Come. ” In their apart- ment,Mr Chen spread the broken pieces out like a jigsaw puzzle. After finding each match, he taught me to delicately rebuild the bowl, filling in the crack lines with a special paint. Finally, the bowl was to- gether again. I held it gently in the palm of my hand and admired it for long. Slightly different, it was as beautiful as before. I couldn􀆳t wait to show it to Mom and rushed back home. I brought the repaired bowl into her room. Obviously, she was more than sur- prised to see the bowl again. “ It􀆳s amazing!” She marveled, running her fin- gertip over the fixed cracks. “ Mr Chen helped me mend it. He is a superb crafts- man,” I said with a grin. “Definitely. Af- ter being repaired, it looks much stronger than before!” said Mom, smiling radiant- ly. I sat on the edge of her bed, and Mom reached out to me. Our hands joined with crisscrossed fingers, we both knew this was a new beginning. B Ⅰ. 应用文写作 Dear friends, I am more than delighted to have the chance to speak here on behalf of our school volleyball team from China. With our exchange program drawing to an end, I want to express our sincere gratitude to you for your kindness and gen- erosity. During our stay here, we were so thrilled to have participated in exciting vol- leyball competitions, inspiring lectures and wonderful field trips. Not only have we developed friendship, but also we have im- proved our culture awareness. So my dear friends, I want to tell you that this is just the beginning of our friend- ship. We believe that it will continue to flourish in the future. Thank you! Ⅱ. 读后续写 But I couldn􀆳t get my seventy-five- pound dog to get up. The harder I tried to scoop him up from the pavement, the more he fought me. The officer yelling and cars honking, I pulled him with all my might, but in vain. Finally, I got my arm under him and lifted him up in a fireman􀆳s carry, throwing him over my shoulder. As I stag- gered to the roadside, people around were taking my dog􀆳s side, laughing I was run- ning him too hard. I was fuming. My dog would run all day long and he wasn􀆳t the least bit tired. Another half-block of carrying him brought the answer—a moving garbage truck. Its sound must have hit my dog􀆳s sensitive ears, so he cried louder and clawed at my back as we drew closer to it. I held on tighter and ran as fast as I could to get my sweet baby dog away from that scary garbage truck. I ran with him on my shoulder until I felt him relaxed, and then I set him down. He wagged his tail in grati- tude for saving him from the garbage truck. Surely, we didn􀆳t win any medals, but I won his trust forever. 选择性必修第二册 课时作业 13　 HUMOUR Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 文章主 要介绍了情感的秘密有哪些,包括情绪 情感的核心,以及如何更好控制它们,成 为情绪的盟友。 1. B　 推理判断题。 由第一段中的“At the core of an emotion...That􀆳s bad!”可 知,情绪的核心是对情感价值的主观 体验,后面举巧克力蛋糕和蜘蛛的例 子是为了论述这句话,表现情感的主 观体验。 故选 B 项。 2. C　 细节理解题。 由第三段中的“Our subjective valence of emotion... emotion disappear. ”可知,如果你只关注你现在 的感受,那么后果是情绪的整体情况 更容易被忽视。 故选 C 项。 3. C 　 词义猜测题。 由第四段中的 “ If you can slow down... so that fear dissi- pates. ”可知,如果你停止沉浸其中并 且培养好奇心,情感就会变得微妙和 不同,说明恐惧也会变化,变得不恐 惧,故可得出画线词所在句讲当恐惧 来临时,不要逃避来让恐惧消失。 dis- sipates 意为“消失”。 故选 C 项。 4. A　 主旨大意题。 由第二段中的“You can also learn a lot by appreciating their secret life. ”和最后一段中的“ Just al- low the full...or clinging. ”可知,文章主 要介绍了情感的秘密有哪些,包括情 绪情感的核心,以及如何更好控制它 们,成为情绪的盟友,A 项“情感的秘 密”符合文章主旨。 故选 A 项。 B [语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。 文章主 要论证了幽默感对我们人生的重要性, 包括政治上、社交上以及生活上等,另外 文章认为幽默感也是我们寻找伴侣的重 要指标,无论生活多么艰难,我们都要用 幽默相待。 5. B　 细节理解题。 根据第一段 Hobbes 的话“Laughter is nothing else but... far better than others. ”可知,Hobbes 不喜 欢幽默,因为他认为幽默是嘲笑别人 使自己开心的一种方式。 6. D 　 推理判断题。 根据第三段中的 “Without humour as a way to express their feelings, how would Americans be willing to support the election?” 以 及 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -580-