课时作业9 Learning&写作专练(三)-(课时作业)【红对勾讲与练】2025年高考英语大一轮复习全新方案(北师大版2019)

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#4 课时作业 9　 LEARNING Ⅰ. 阅读理解 " (2023·安徽安庆二中模拟) In my second years of high school, I took my first computer science course, which helped me realize I was interested in software. The idea of creating something from just lines of codes and logic was very fascinating. And I didn􀆳t put as much time into music as I used to, thinking practicing the piano was just a waste of time. A year later, when I got back on the piano, I quickly noticed my musical ear was not as strong as it was before. I could no longer hear the difference between a perfect 46 and a perfect 5th or between a D and D flat. Then I had a firm decision to get my skills to where it used to be. After weeks of practicing, I didn􀆳t see much progress. I was extremely discouraged and felt that I would have to accept that I no longer would be able to play as well as I used to. While watching hundreds of tutorials (辅导) online on how to code in Swift, I came up with an idea. What if I used the knowledge I gained from these tutorials to develop an app that would help train my musical ear? After hours of coding, I developed an app that would play a different series of notes, then the user would have to type in the corresponding notes to what they heard. When I was on the subway or had some extra time I could easily open up the app on my phone and use it to help my musical ear. In about 2 months, I regained the skills I lost. This experience helped me see something that I never noticed before. Programming gives me a platform to express my ideas; in a similar way, playing the piano gives me a way to express my feelings. When playing through a song for the first time I hear many errors. Similarly, when I run my program for the first time there are usually many mistakes. In both of these cases, it takes patience to go through each measure or line to hear or find the error. I realized when I􀆳m playing the piano I am also practicing my programming skills and vice versa. 1. What happened to the author a year ago? A. He was too busy to practice the piano. B. He developed another hobby. C. He invented lines of codes. D. He realized his strength. 2. Which of the following can best describe the author? A. Independent and energetic. B. Easy-going and generous. C. Hard-working and gifted. D. Determined and creative. 3. What can we infer about the author from the third paragraph? A. He made good use of the app he downloaded online. B. He got inspired from the tutorials online. C. He improved himself by studying online. D. He received musical training online. 4. What can the author learn from the experience? A. He felt it necessary to improve himself in programming and playing the piano. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -456- 必修第三册　 3 B. He found programming and playing the piano have something in common. C. He understood the meaning of the saying “practice makes perfect” . D. He came to realize it is important to develop some good qualities. # (2023·广东广州模拟) The best ideas are often so smart, so simple and so clearly needed; it􀆳s strange to discover they don􀆳t already exist. So it is with Farm My School, a program that􀆳s turning underused land at secondary schools into commercially achievable, regenerative market gardens farmed by and for local communities. Co-founded by permaculturist Ben Shaw and regenerative educator James McLennan, Farm My School connects local people and organizations through volunteering that helps establish a school􀆳s market garden. Students learn about community networks, healthy eating, ecological responsibility, waste reduction and climate relief while helping with food production. Schools integrate all these into their courses while producing vegetable boxes every week that feed local families, supply the school􀆳s food needs and ultimately pay the farmer􀆳s salary. Farm My School has gained the extraordinary enthusiasm of the locals, who answered an online shout-out to buy tickets to the program􀆳s launch event at Bell Secondary School last October. Called Build A Farm in a Day Festival, the event featured workshops by Ben and James to share the skills required to build what they say is the world􀆳s largest no-dig garden. “ It was such a powerful event, and I think that comes down to people wanting to act now,” says James. “We charged for the experience and 600 guys turned up! They didn􀆳t even need free drinks to get excited. We were gardening till midnight. It was amazing. We􀆳ve got true community buy-in. ” Volunteers have since begun beneficial planting throughout the school. Next steps include further discussions with local communities, employing a farmer, and bringing in a teacher to develop courses. “ We􀆳ve seen this huge push towards seeing schools as regenerative spaces, not just for planting but for kids to be more connected to the outside world, and really seeing the school in a whole new light,” James says. “For us, the big excitement is that by allowing a professional farmer to take the responsibility of growing food, it􀆳s not only on the school to look after that farm anymore, which eventually makes it much more sustainable,” adds Ben. 5. Why was Farm My School founded? A. To raise the income of the local people. B. To advocate a commercial farming plan. C. To provide free food for local communities. D. To turn underused campus land into market gardens. 6. How do schools involve students into the program? A. By developing program-based courses. B. By organizing voluntary work in communities. C. By offering them part-time jobs in the market gardens. D. By encouraging them to produce daily vegetable boxes. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -457- hh
#4 7. What does the underlined word “buy-in” mean in paragraph 3? A. Competition. B. Investment. C. Support. D. Protection. 8. What is the highlight of the program according to Ben? A. It brings in money to support the school. B. The school farm will be able to last long. C. The local people will take care of the farm. D. Students connect more with the outside world. Ⅱ. 完形填空 (2023·山西太原模拟) In my primary school, we used to write a lot in Mrs White􀆳s class. There were many mistakes in my writings. But no red 　 1　 . Instead, always a star. Sometimes 　 2　 a Good! I would jump with joy at it. But this 　 3　 my mother. She wanted to figure out why Mrs White never 　 4　 spelling or grammatical errors. Then one day she went to see her. Mrs White replied, “ Children are just beginning to get 　 5　 about using words, about forming sentences. I don􀆳t want to 　 6　 that enthusiasm or put any pressure on them with red ink. Spelling and grammar can wait, but the 　 7　 of words won􀆳t...” And maybe she didn􀆳t say it 　 8　 like that. But what􀆳s for sure is that I grew up learning to use words with 　 9　 confidence from her. It occurs to me that if Mrs White had used her red pen more 　 10　 , I probably wouldn􀆳t be telling you about this now. Looking back, I think she was such a ( n) 　 11　 teacher—to exercise “ red-pen-restriction ” . She allowed the joy, wonder and excitement of expression to come out. In middle school, I used to 　 12　 the word beautiful as “ baeutiful ” . Although “ pretty” is 　 13　 to spell, it doesn􀆳t hold as much as you mean sometimes. So I told myself that if I was going to 　 14　 the word, the least I could do was spell it right. Eventually, I made it. And thanks to Mrs White, I had no 　 15　 when writing what I meant even if I couldn􀆳t quite spell it out. Because Life isn􀆳t Pretty. It􀆳s “Baeutiful” . 1. A. signals B. corrections C. remarks D. symbols 2. A. even B. yet C. ever D. still 3. A. threatened B. shocked C. worried D. pleased 4. A. gave up B. waited for C. wrote down D. pointed out 5. A. nervous B. sensitive C. excited D. confused 6. A. kill B. fuel C. welcome D. ignore 7. A. meaning B. choice C. repetition D. wonder 8. A. formally B. exactly C. firmly D. loudly 9. A. new B. little C. poor D. full 10. A. precisely B. carefully C. personally D. cautiously 11. A. reliable B. romantic C. extraordinary D. famous 12. A. recognise B. identify C. misuse D. misspell 13. A. better B. harder C. easier D. faster 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -458- 必修第三册　 3 14. A. cancel B. employ C. imitate D. read 15. A. tension B. relief C. complaint D. anger Ⅲ. 阅读七选五 (2023·河北邢台模拟) When a new school semester begins, many children feel very bad about it. They feel very nervous about going back to school. According to the experts, it􀆳s totally normal. Transitions ( 转 变) are hard for everyone, 　 1　 . That􀆳s because routines are healthy for us, and changing into a new one can throw us off. For parents, it􀆳s really important to know that it􀆳s very normal for their children to have a whole range of feelings about going back to school—from excitement, to anxiety and sadness, to even anger. 　 2　 . They might have stomachaches or headaches when thinking about returning to school in September. And that􀆳s all normal, too. One of the best ways to ease into a new routine is to help the children focus on what they are looking forward to, 　 3　 . It could be one friend they􀆳re excited to see or even the idea of walking to school every day. 　 4　 . Walking or biking by the school can help. Hanging out with a kid who􀆳s going to be in the same grade is a better way to relieve anxiety. Getting enough sleep, exercising, and talking to reliable adults and friends are other effective ways to cope with anxiety and negative feelings. 　 5　 . “ If bedtime is now super late, or there is no bedtime, try to move it an hour earlier every night leading up to your first day of school,” said an expert. A. whether you􀆳re a kid or an adult B. rather than what makes them feel nervous C. instead of returning to school without preparation D. For some kids, those feelings can even be physical E. Most parents don􀆳t have empathy for their children􀆳s feelings F. Besides, getting used to the new environment before school starts is also a good idea G. It􀆳s also suggested that kids should get their bedtime back on track a week ahead of school 1. 　 　 　 　 　 2. 　 　 　 　 　 3. 　 　 　 　 4. 　 　 　 　 　 5. 　 　 　 　 Ⅳ. 语法填空 (2024·九省联考) Whenever you have to write a paper, a letter, or any other document for work or school, you probably head toward the computer. Now, most people reach for 　 1　 (keyboard) faster than they pick up pens. In a Scottish primary school, however, Mr Norman Lewis is taking a different approach. He feels that neat handwriting 　 2　 (be) still an important skill, so he has his students write not only by hand but also 　 3　 old fashioned fountain pens. Fountain pens 　 4　 ( use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable. Today, a writer 　 5　 ( simple ) throws an empty pen away and gets 　 6　 new one. So far, Mr Lewis is pleased with the results of his experiment. He reports that his students are taking more care with their work, and their self- confidence has improved as well. He is happy with the 　 7　 ( improve ) he sees in his students􀆳 writing 　 8　 in his own writing. He knows that computers are here 　 9　 (stay) and that they will not disappear. However, he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to focus, to write faster, and they can feel proud of 　 10　 ( they) . 1. 　 　 　 　 　 2. 　 　 　 　 　 3. 　 　 　 　 4. 　 　 　 　 　 5. 　 　 　 　 　 6. 　 　 　 　 7. 　 　 　 　 　 8. 　 　 　 　 　 9. 　 　 　 　 10. 　 　 　 　 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -459- hh
#4 写作专练(三) Ⅰ. 应用文写作 (2023·山东聊城模拟) 假定你是李华,你报名参加了你校即将举办 的关于大自然的英文诗歌朗诵大赛 ( poetry recitation contest)。 请给外教 Mr Black 写一封邮 件,请他指导你选材和朗诵练习。 注意: 1. 词数 80 左右; 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Dear Mr Black, 　 　 　 　 Yours sincerely, Li Hua Ⅱ. 读后续写 (2023·广东珠海一中模拟) 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头 语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Most of us never forget the person that was there for us in our darkest times. Apparently, penguins (企鹅) don􀆳t either. On a typical day, off the coast of a small Brazilian island,Joao Pereira de Souza headed out fishing. He was disheartened to find that an oil leak had polluted the waters. Staring out at the oily waves, he decided it was not a good day to fish. But walking on the beach that day, he found a struggling penguin, covered in oil and starving. Joao took the penguin home, and spent a whole week gently cleaning it and nursing it back to health. He named it Dindim, a Portuguese word meaning “ ice pop ” . Dindim is a Magellanic penguin, a species known for living in the seas of South America. In order to breed (繁殖), they must return to Patagonia, 5,000 miles from Joao􀆳s home. After a week of rehabilitation (康复), Joao patiently took Dindim back to the sea and taught it how to swim again. When Dindim could swim quite well,Joao took it out into the sea by boat and dropped it off to encourage it to swim back to its home. But when he was back to the shore, he found the penguin waiting for him. Joao made two more attempts later, but each time the bird would just return to Joao􀆳s home. It seemed that Dindim had already formed a family bond with Joao and wouldn􀆳t leave. Joao had no choice but to keep the little creature. During the following months, Dindim would follow behind Joao to fish on the coast joyfully. Dindim also liked to lie on Joao􀆳s lap, letting Joao give it showers, allowing Joao to feed it fish and to pick it up. Joao and his family enjoyed the company of Dindim. But deep inside Joao􀆳s heart, he knew Dindim belonged to the wild. Gradually, the hot summer days witnessed the change of its new feathers. Was it time to say “goodbye”? 注意: 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右; 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Suddenly one morning, Joao found Dindim disappeared. 　 　 　 　 　 A few months later,Joao heard some familiar cries in his backyard. 　 　 　 　 　 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -460- 参 考 答 案　 多重好处”,所以空格处的句子肯定涉 及“绿色和蓝色空间”,F 项“Canals and rivers contain not only water but also trees and other plants. ”符合语境。 5. C　 空格前的句子“The study has also found that there are continuous improve- ments to mental well-being for up to 24 hours after visiting urban waterways. ” 是说游览城市水道后,人们的心理健 康状况会持续改善长达 24 小时,而空 格后的句子 “ In England and Wales, people have access to 3,218 kilometers of rivers and canals that are readily ac- cessible. In fact, 9 million people live within 1 km of a canal—something that is easily walkable. ”是说,在城市里有 很多人们可以利用的水道。 对城市居 民来说,这当然是好事。 所以把 C 项 “This is good news for urban people. ” 符合语境。 Ⅳ. 语法填空 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 越来越 多的孩子被生态焦虑所困扰,他们对气 候变化、污染及生物多样性的丧失等问 题感到担心。 1. a　 考查冠词。 句意:越来越多的孩子 正遭受着生态焦虑,这一问题导致人 们对地球及地表生物的未来极度担 忧。 此处泛指一个问题,且 problem 的 发音以辅音音素开头。 2. pollution　 考查不可数名词。 句意:其 实,他们担忧的是气候变化、污染以及 生物多样性的丧失。 空处与 “ climate change”和“ the loss of biodiversity”并 列作 about 的宾语,需要用名词,填 pol- lute 的名词形 式 pollution, 表 示 “污 染”,为不可数名词。 3. to call　 考查动词不定式。 句意:这敦 促教育专家呼吁在学校进行更多关于 气候变化、野生生物和环境的教学。 urge sb. to do sth. 是固定用法,即空处 需要填不定式。 4. that　 考查固定句式。 句意:现在有关 它们(气候变化、野生生物和环境)的 知识如此必要以至于专家认为这些知 识应该教给所有年龄段的学生。 分析 句子结构可知,此处考查的是 so... that...,表示“如此……以至于……”。 故此处填 that。 5. feels　 考查时态和主谓一致。 句意:一 项研究发现,只有四分之一的在校学 生感觉他们对气候危机有着足够的了 解。 根据句中的谓语动词 finds 和上下 文内容可知,此处陈述客观情况,应用 一般现在时;“one in + 基数词 + 名词” 结构作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称 单数形式。 6. struggling　 考查动名词。 句意:研究称 这导致更多的孩子与生态焦虑抗争并 且担心地球。 分析句子结构可知,此 处考查动名词的复合结构,lead to sb. doing sth. 意为“致使某人做某事”。 7. has taken 　 考查时态及主谓一致。 句 意:一个名为 Earth Rangers 的保护组 织,自注意到生态焦虑问题以来,已经 采取措施设法解决它。 根据句意和下 文中 since 从句的时态可知,此处应用 现在完成时,主语为 A conservation or- ganization,谓语动词用第三人称单数 形式。 故填 has taken。 8. on　 考查固定搭配。 句意:生态焦虑 在很多方面对孩子们确实有着极大影 响。 have an effect on 意为“对……有 影响”,是固定搭配。 9. important　 考查形容词。 句意:研究和 理解这些方式,从而我们可以帮助孩 子们有效地处理这些感受,这是很重 要的。 空处在句中作表语,构成“ It is+ adj. + to do sth. ”结构,应使用 impor- tant,表示“重要的”。 10. effectively 　 考查副词。 句意同上。 修饰动词应用副词,故此处填 effec- tively。 课时作业 9　 LEARNING Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。 作者一 年前发现自己对软件很感兴趣,觉得编 程很吸引人,但是一年后作者回到钢琴 上后,发现乐感不如以前好了。 作者从 网上的编程教程得到灵感,开发了一款 应用程序,可以帮助使用者训练乐感,这 次经历让作者意识到编程和钢琴二者是 有共同点的。 1. B　 细节理解题。 根据第一段“ In my second year of high school, I took my first computer science course, which helped me realize I was interested in software. The idea of creating something from just lines of codes and logic was very fascinating. ”以及第二段“A year later, when I got back on the piano, I quickly noticed my musical ear was not as strong as it was before. ”可知,一年 前作者发展了另一个爱好。 2. D　 推理判断题。 根据第二段“Then I had a firm decision to get my skills to where it used to be. ” 以 及 第 三 段 “While watching hundreds of... have to type in the corresponding notes to what they heard. ”可知,作者下定决心提高 技能和用学到的知识开发了一个应用 程序,说明作者是个有决心和创造力 的人。 D. Determined and creative 决心 坚定且富有创造力的。 3. B　 推理判断题。 根据第三段“While watching hundreds of tutorials (辅导) online on how to code in Swift, I came up with an idea. What if I used the knowledge I gained from these tutorials to develop an app that would help train my musical ear?”可知,作者从网上的 教程中获得了灵感。 4. B 　 推理判断题。 根据最后一段 “ In both of these cases, it takes patience to go through each measure or line to hear or find the error. I realized when I􀆳m playing the piano I am also practicing my programming skills and vice versa. ” 可知,作者能从这次经历中发现编程 和弹钢琴有一些共同之处。 B [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 文章主 要讲述了“我的学校农场”项目将中学未 充分利用的土地转化为商业上可实现的 可再生商品果蔬园,由当地社区耕种并 为当地社区服务。 5. D　 细节理解题。 根据第一段中“So it is with Farm My School, a program that􀆳s turning underused land at seconda- ry schools into commercially achievable, regenerative market gardens farmed by and for local communities. ” 可知,“我 的学校农场”是为了把未充分利用的 校园土地变成商品果蔬园而建立的。 故选 D 项。 6. A 　 细 节 理 解 题。 根 据 第 二 段 中 “ Students learn about community net- works, healthy eating... supply the school􀆳s food needs and ultimately pay the farmer􀆳s salary. ”可知,学校通过开 发基于项目的课程让学生参与到项目 中来。 故选 A 项。 7. C 　 词义猜测题。 画线词前文 “We charged for the experience and 600 guys turned up! They didn􀆳t even need free drinks to get excited. We were garden- ing till midnight. It was amazing. ”说明 大家很支持这个项目,从而推知画线 词 buy-in 应为 “支持,认可” 的意思。 故选 C 项。 8. B　 细节理解题。 根据最后一段中 Ben 的话“For us, the big excitement is that by allowing a professional farmer to take the responsibility of growing food, it􀆳s not only on the school to look after that farm anymore, which eventually makes it much more sustainable...”可知,该项 目的亮点是学校农场将能够持续很长 时间。 故选 B 项。 Ⅱ. 完形填空 [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。 作者上 小学的时候,怀特老师没有及时地纠正 作者班上同学的拼写错误,是因为不想 扼杀他们学习使用单词的热情,也不想 用红字给他们施加压力,从而让他们更 自信地去学习。 1. B　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. signals 信 号;B. corrections 修正; C. remarks 评 论;D. symbols 符号。 根据上文“There were many mistakes in my writings. ”以 及下文“ Instead, always a star. ”可知, “我”的文章中有许多错误,但是老师 给“我”的总是星星,可推知,此处为没 有红色的修正。 故选 B。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -573- hh
#4 2. A 　 考查副词词义辨析。 A. even 甚 至;B. yet 仍然,还;C. ever 曾经;D. still 仍然。 根据上文提到的文章中“有许 多错误,没有红色的修正,相反,总是 星星”可推知,此处为有时甚至是一个 好! 故选 A。 3. C　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. threatened 威胁;B. shocked 使震惊;C. worried 使 担心;D. pleased 使满意。 根据该句中 的 But 转折以及下文 “ She wanted to figure out why Mrs White...”可推知,此 处为 但 这 让 “我” 母 亲 很 担 心。 故 选 C。 4. D　 考查动词词组辨析。 A. gave up 放 弃;B. waited for 等待;C. wrote down 写下,记下;D. pointed out 指出来。 根 据上文提到的这让“我”母亲很担心。 以及该句中的“She wanted to figure out why”和“spelling or grammatical errors” 可推知,此处为她想弄清楚为什么怀 特老师不指出拼写或语法错误。 故 选 D。 5. C　 考查形容词词义辨析。 A. nervous 紧张的;B. sensitive 敏感的;C. excited 兴奋的;D. confused 困惑的。 根据下文 “ I don􀆳t want to 　 6　 that enthusiasm” 可知,此处为孩子们刚刚开始对使用 单词和造句感到兴奋。 故选 C。 6. A　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. kill 扼杀; B. fuel 点燃;C. welcome 欢迎;D. ig- nore 忽视。 根据上文提到的孩子们刚 刚开始对使用单词和造句感到兴奋, 以及该句中的“ or put any pressure on them with red ink”可知,此处为“我”不 想扼杀这种热情,也不想用红色的字 给他们施加压力。 故选 A。 7. D 　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. meaning 意义;B. choice 选择;C. repetition 重 复;D. wonder 奇迹。 根据该句中的 “Spelling and grammar can wait”和 but 转折可推知,此处为拼写和语法可以 等等,但文字的奇迹不会。 故选 D。 8. B 　 考查副词词义辨析。 A. formally 正式地;B. exactly 准确地;C. firmly 坚 定地;D. loudly 吵闹地。 根据语境以及 下文“But what􀆳s for sure is that...”可知 此处指也许她并不是那样一字不差地 说的。 故选 B。 9. D　 考查形容词词义辨析。 A. new 新 的;B. little 小的;C. poor 贫穷的;D. full 满的。 根据该句中的 “But what􀆳s for sure” 和 “ I grew up learning to use words”及文章最后一段可推知,此处 为但可以肯定的是,“我”从小就从她 那里学到充满信心地使用单词。 故 选 D。 10. A　 考查副词词义辨析。 A. precisely 精确地;B. carefully 小心地;C. person- ally 亲自地;D. cautiously 小心翼翼 地。 根 据 该 句 中 的 “ I probably wouldn􀆳t be telling you about this now” 可知,此处为“我”突然想到,如果怀 特老师把她的红笔用得更准确一些, “我”现在可能就不会告诉你这件事 了。 故选 A。 11. C　 考查形容词词义辨析。 A. reliable 可信赖的;B. romantic 浪漫的;C. ex- traordinary 杰出的,出色的;D. famous 有名的。 根据该句中的 “ to exercise ‘ red-pen-restriction’” 以及下文 “ She allowed the joy, wonder and excite- ment of expression to come out. ”可推 知,此处为“我”觉得她是一位非常出 色的老师———践行“红笔限制”。 故 选 C。 12. D　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. recognise 识别,认出;B. identify 识别;C. misuse 错用;D. misspell 拼错。 根据该句中 的“ the word beautiful as ‘baeutiful’” 可知,此处为在中学的时候,“我”常 常把“beautiful”这个词拼错为“baeuti- ful”。 故选 D。 13. C　 考查形容词词义辨析。 A. better 更好的;B. harder 更困难的;C. easier 更容易的;D. faster 更快的。 根据上 文提到的我常常把“beautiful”这个词 拼错为“baeutiful”,以及该句中的“ it doesn􀆳t hold as much as you mean sometimes”可推知,此处为虽然“pret- ty”更容易拼写,但有时它并不能表达 出你想表达的意思。 故选 C。 14. B　 考查动词词义辨析。 A. cancel 取 消;B. employ 使用;C. imitate 模仿; D. read 读。 根据语境以及该句中的 “ the least I could do was spell it right” 可推知,此处为所以“我”告诉自己, 如果“我”要用这个词,至少“我”要能 把它拼对。 故选 B。 15. A 　 考查名词词义辨析。 A. tension 紧张;B. relief 缓解;C. complaint 抱 怨;D. anger 生气。 根据该 句 中 的 “And thanks to Mrs White”以及“even if I couldn􀆳t quite spell it out”可推知, 此处为多亏了怀特老师,“我” 在写 “我”想写的东西时没有紧张,即使 “我”不能把它拼出来。 故选 A。 Ⅲ. 阅读七选五 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 新学期 开始的时候,学生可能会因重返学校而 感到很紧张,这是很正常的。 文章就如 何帮助学生重新适应学校生活提出了一 些建议。 1. A　 上文“When a new school semester begins, many children feel very bad about it. They feel very nervous about going back to school. According to the experts, it􀆳s totally normal. Transitions (转变) are hard for everyone”提到新 学期开始,学生因重返学校而感到很 紧张,这是很正常的。 转变对每个人 来说都很难。 A 项“无论你是孩子还 是成年人”承接上文,符合语境。 空前 的 everyone 是提示词。 故选 A。 2. D　 上文“For parents, it􀆳s really impor- tant to know that... to anxiety and sad- ness, to even anger. ”提到,对父母来 说,很重要的一点是,知道孩子对重返 学校有各种各样的感受是很正常的。 再结 合 空 后 一 句 “ They might have stomachaches or headaches when think- ing about returning to school in Septem- ber. And that􀆳s all normal, too. ”可知, 他们可能会出现胃痛或头痛,这也很 正常。 故可推断 D 项“对于一些孩子 来说,那些感觉甚至可能是身体上的” 承上启下,从心理上的反应过渡到身 体上的反应,符合语境。 3. B　 上文“One of the best ways to ease into a new routine is to help the children focus on what they are looking forward to”提到,让孩子适应新常规的最好方 法之一就是帮助孩子专注于他们所期 待的事情,因此推断 B 项“而不是让他 们感到紧张的事情”承接上文,与上文 形成对比,符合语境。 故选 B。 4. F 　 下 文 “Walking or biking by the school can help. Hanging out with a kid who􀆳s going to be in the same grade is a better way to relieve anxiety. ”提到了两 种缓解压力的办法,这些是提前让孩 子适应学校的方法。 再结合选项可 知,F 项“此外,在开学前适应新环境 也是一个好主意”可引出下文的解释。 故选 F。 5. G　 空后一句“‘ If bedtime is now super late, or there is no bedtime, try to move it an hour earlier every night leading up to your first day of school,’ said an ex- pert. ”提到睡眠问题以及解决办法,再 结合空前一句中的 “Getting enough sleep”可知,本段建议调整就寝时间,G 项“也建议孩子们应该在上学前一周 将就寝时间调整到正常状态”承上启 下,符合语境。 故选 G。 Ⅳ. 语法填空 [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。 文章讲 述了在苏格兰的一所小学里,诺曼·刘 易斯让学生使用老式自来水笔写字取得 良好效果的故事。 1. keyboards 　 考查名词的复数。 句意: 现在,大多数人拿起键盘的速度比拿 起笔的速度还快。 根据空格前的介词 for 可知,空格处应填名词作宾语,key- board 为可数名词,前面没有冠词,应用 名词的复数形式。 故填 keyboards。 2. is　 考查动词时态和主谓一致。 句意: 他觉得整洁的书写仍然是一项重要的 技能,所以他不仅让学生手写,还让他 们用老式的自来水笔写字。 空格处作 谓语,本句陈述的是客观事实,应用一 般现在时,且主语为 handwriting,应用 动词的第三人称单数形式。 故填 is。 3. with　 考查介词。 句意同上。 根据空 格后的名词 old fashioned fountain pens 可知,空格处应填介词 with,表示“使 用”。 故填 with。 4. were used　 考查动词时态和语态。 句 意:自来水笔很久以前就在学校里使 用了,最近又重新流行起来,因为它们 可以重新填充。 空格处作谓语,根据 时间状语 long ago 可知,应用一般过去 时,主语 Fountain pens 和动词 use 之间 是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动 语态。 故填 were used。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -574- 参 考 答 案　 5. simply 　 考查副词。 句意:今天,写字 的人只是把一支空笔扔掉,再买一支 新 的。 空 格 处 作 状 语, 修 饰 动 词 throws,应用副词形式。 故填 simply。 6. a　 考查冠词。 句意同上。 空格后的代 词 one 指代可数名词 pen,此处表示泛 指,且 new 以辅音音素开头,应用不定 冠词 a。 故填 a。 7. improvement 　 考查名词。 句意:他很 高兴看到他的学生和他自己的书写都 有了改善。 根据空格前的冠词 the 可 知,空格处应填名词作介词 with 的宾 语,improvement“改善”为不可数名词。 故填 improvement。 8. and　 考查连词。 句意同上。 空格前短 语 in his students􀆳 writing 和空格后的 短语 in his own writing 为并列关系,应 用 and。 故填 and。 9. to stay　 考查非谓语动词。 句意:他知 道电脑会一直存在,不会消失。 根据 空前的动词 are 可知,空格处应填不定 式作表语,be to do 为固定搭配,表示 “必定会”,是对未来的一种推测。 故 填 to stay。 10. themselves 　 考查代词。 句意:然而, 他认为,用自来水笔练习可以帮助学 生集中注意力,写得更快,他们可以 为自己感到自豪。 根据空格前的介 词 of 可知,空格处应填代词作宾语, 且指代主语 they,所以应用反身代词 themselves。 故填 themselves。 写作专练(三) Ⅰ. 应用文写作 Dear Mr Black, How are you doing? I􀆳ve signed up for the English Poetry Recitation Contest to be held by our school, and I􀆳m writing to see whether you could provide me with some help. The contest requires that each partici- pant should recite a poem about nature, and I􀆳ve found three poems. Could you be kind enough to help me choose the most suitable one? Besides, I hope you could also give me some advice on how to recite it. I would be very grateful if you could offer help. Looking forward to hearing from you soon! Yours sincerely, Li Hua Ⅱ. 读后续写 Suddenly one morning, Joao found Dindim disappeared. “Has it really left?” Joao wondered, his mind mixing with sor- row and joy. In order to breed, he knew that Dindim had to go back, but it still made him heartbroken. Looking at the empty nest, he refused to leave. After a while, he bent down, picked up a few feathers from the ground, and turned back to the room. When putting the feather into a jar, he said to himself, “Fine, it􀆳s final- ly grown up. ” A few months later,Joao heard some familiar cries in his backyard. He hurried- ly ran to the backyard. What caught his eyes were a group of penguins looking around! One even staggered up to him and looked up at him, as if asking, “ Old friend, do you remember me?” It was Dindim! He quickly bent down, gently stroking its feathers. Later, these penguins lived there for a while and left some beau- tiful memories. So, just like Dindim, a penguin remembering who saved it when in trouble, let􀆳s always be grateful. 选择性必修第一册 课时作业10　 RELATIONSHIPS Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。 人们最 初会根据你的热情和能力来评价你,但 是只有 建 立 信 任,你 的 能 力 才 能 得 到 认可。 1. D 　 主旨大意题。 根据第二段 “ Psy- chologists refer to these factors as warmth and competence (胜任) respec- tively, and ideally you want to be per- ceived as having both. ”可知这篇文章 主要讲了人们最初会根据你的热情和 能力来评价你。 2. C 　 词义猜测题。 根据画线词所在句 子“ Interestingly, Cuddy says that most people,especially in a professional envi- ronment, believe that competence is the foremost factor. ” 可知, foremost 意为 “极其重要的”。 3. C　 推理判断题。 根据第三段“‘From an evolutionary view,’ Cuddy says,‘ it is more important to our survival to know whether a person deserves our trust. ’”推断出, Cuddy 提到穴居时代 是为了强调信任的重要性。 4. A　 推理判断题。 根据第四段“Cuddy says MBA interns(实习生) are often so concerned about coming across as smart and competent that it can lead them to skip social events, not ask for help, and generally come off as unapproachable. ” 可知,在 Cuddy 看来,MBA 实习生专 注于能力会带来一些相反的效果。 B [语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。 文章主 要讨论了为什么我们应该和不同的人 相处。 5. D　 细节理解题。 根据第一段中“We often feel uncomfortable with people who practise different habits, or hold be- liefs or values that we do not share. ”可 知,与来自不同文化背景的人交往会 让人感到不舒服。 故选 D 项。 6. C 　 主旨大意题。 根据第二段的内容 可知,第二段主要讲的是人们感到不 舒服的生物学解释。 故选 C 项。 7. A　 词义猜测题。 根据第三段中“The idea of ‘ survival of the fittest’ implies that individuals must vary. Some are more suited than others for a given envi- ronment, making it easier for them to survive, grow, and reproduce. ” 可知, 有些物种比其他物种更适合特定的环 境,意味着个体必须有所不同。 因此, 变异是自然选择起作用的先决条件。 故可猜测画线单词 prerequisite 意为 “先决条件,前提条件”。 故选 A 项。 8. D　 推理判断题。 根据文章大意以及 最后一段的内容可推知,作者主要想 表达的是为什么我们应该和不同的人 相处。 故选 D 项。 Ⅱ. 完形填空 [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。 文章主 要讲述了作者的车在半路坏了,正巧赶 上周日,作者在加油站并没有找到修车 的人。 这时恰巧有一位年长的绅士来加 油。 了解到作者遇到的困难后,他主动 帮助作者修了车。 作者对此非常感谢。 1. C　 考查形容词词义辨析。 句意:我的 手机也关机了。 A. busy 忙的;B. loud 大声的;C. dead(因无电力)不工作的; D. secure 可靠的。 根据上文 “ I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down. ”以 及句中的 too 可知,作者的车坏了,手 机也因为没电而关机了。 故选 C。 2. A　 考查名词词义辨析。 句意:我设法 去了一个加油站,但那是初秋的周日, 没有机修工值班。 A. mechanic 机修 工;B. policeman 警察; C. manager 经 理;D. guide 向导。 根据上文 “ but it was Sunday in the early fall”可知,作者 的车坏了,所以她应该想找修车的人。 但因为是周日,所以加油站的机修工 都没上班。 故选 A。 3. D　 考查动词词义辨析。 句意:我当时 正在读大学,几乎没有保养车的钱。 A. washing 清 洗; B. parking 停 车; C. purchasing 购 买; D. maintaining 保 养。 根据空前“ I was working my way through university then and had little money”可知,作者当时正在读大学,没 有什么钱,所以几乎是不保养车的。 故 选 D。 4. B　 考查动词词义辨析。 句意:我在车 旁坐了几个小时试图避暑,这时一位 年长的绅士停下来给他的车加油。 A. feel 感觉;B. beat 击败;C. absorb 吸 收;D. produce 生产。 根据下文“work- ing on a hot September afternoon”可知, 事情发生在一个炎热的夏天,作者坐 在车边试图保持凉爽。 beat the heat “消暑,在炎热的天气中保持凉爽”。 故选 B。 5. C 　 考查动词词义辨析。 句意同上。 A. promised 答 应; B. refused 拒 绝; C. stopped 停车;D. volunteered 自愿。 根据上文“ I managed to get to a gas sta- tion”可知,作者是在加油站,所以老人 是停下来加油。 故选 C。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -575-