第十一讲 状语从句-(讲义)【红对勾讲与练】2025年高考英语大一轮复习全新方案(北师大版2019)

专题五　 多姿多彩的必备句型 第十一讲　 状语从句 P5O 1. (2021·天津 6 月卷改编) Feeling fearful is healthy 　 　 　 　 it helps you slow down and evaluate risks properly. 2. (2021·天津 3 月卷改编)We all need to get involved in saving energy 　 　 　 　 it􀆳s at work,at home,or at school. 3. (2020·全国 Ⅲ 卷) 　 　 　 　 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river. 4. (2020·天津 7 月卷改编)—Why do people like pop music? I hate it so much. —Even 　 　 　 　 it is not your style, that doesn􀆳t mean it is bad. A"1@ 考点一 时间状语从句 1. when / while / as 引导的时间状语从句 when (1)when 引导的从句的谓 语动词为延续性动词或非 延续性动词。 从句的动作 和主句的动作可以同时发 生,也可以先后发生。 (2)主句为过去进行时,从 句为一般过去时时,表示 两种含义: ①表示在主句动作过程中 发生了从句的动作; ②表示突然发生某事,意 为“正当……时,突然”。 还可以用 be about to do􀆺 when 句型。 I loved history when I was at school. 我上学时喜欢历史。 It was raining when I started. 我出发时正在下雨。 I was just going to tell you when you interrupted. 我正准备告诉你,你 突然打断了。 续表 while while 引导的从句常用延 续性动词或表示状态的 动词。 从句的动作与主 句的动作同时发生。 While I was waiting at the bus stop, three buses went by in the opposite direction. 我在公共汽车站等 车时,路对面驶过 了三辆公共汽车。 as as 可表示从句的动作与 主句的动作同时发生或 交替进行, 可译为 “ 一 边 ……, 一 边 ……; 随 着……”。 As the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for. 随着人口平均年龄 的增长,有越来越 多的老年人需要 照顾。 2. 表示“一……就……”的连词或名词短语引导 的时间状语从句 (1) as soon as, the moment, the minute, the instant,immediately,directly 等。 The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work, she was filled with joy. 我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了毕业文凭,那一 刻她欣喜万分。 (2)在 hardly􀆺when􀆺,no sooner􀆺than􀆺结 构中,主句用过去完成时, than 或 when 所在 的从句用一般过去时。 We had hardly sat down to supper when the phone rang. 我们刚坐下用晚餐,电话就响了。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 276 @专题五　 多姿多彩的必备句型 3. before,since 引导的时间状语从句 ( 1 ) before 表 示 “ 在 …… 之 前; 还 未 …… 就……;还没有来得及……就……”。 常用 句式: ①It will be / was+一段时间+before􀆺要过 /过 了……时间才……;②It won􀆳t be / wasn􀆳t+一 段时间 + before 􀆺 要不了多久就 /没过多久 就……。 If you miss this chance, it will be years before you get another one. 如果你错过了这个机会,那要过很多年你才 能获得另一个。 (2)since 意为“自从……以来”,常用句式:It is / has been+一段时间+since 从句(常用过去 时)。 since 引导的从句的时态若是一般过去 时,主句的时态常为一般现在时、现在完成时 或现在完成进行时。 As is reported, it is over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded. 据报道,自清华大学建立以来已有一百多 年了。 4. till / until 引导的时间状语从句 主句是肯定句时,until / till 表示“直到……为 止”,其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词;主 句是否定句时, not 􀆺 until / till 􀆺 表示 “ 直 到……才……”,not 所在的主句的谓语动词 必须为非延续性动词。 until 可用于句首,而 till 不能。 If you don􀆳t understand something, you may research and talk to other people until you figure it out. 如果你不理解某事,你可以去研究并和其他 人讨论,直到你把它弄明白。 5. every time,each time,next time,the first / last time,by the time 等引导的时间状语从句 By the time you have finished this book, your meal will get cold. 等你看完这本书,你的饭就凉了。 [名师指津] 　 by the time 引导的时间状语从 句如果用一般现在时,主句则用将来完成时; 从句如果用一般过去时,主句则用过去完 成时。 By the time you come back, we will have finished the job. 到你回来的时候,我们将已经完成了这项 工作。 By the time we got there, the rain had stopped. 到我们到达那儿时,雨已经停了。 考点二 让步状语从句 1. although, though,as 和 while 引导的让步状 语从句 (1) though 引导的从句可用倒装语序,也可不 倒装;although 引导的从句不倒装;as 引导的 从句用倒装语序:表语 /状语 /谓语中的实义 动词+as+主语+其他,若表语是可数名词单 数,前置时要省略冠词。 Although / Though these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now. 虽然这些措施并不能永远有效,但它们目前 是至关重要的。 Hot as / though the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey. 夜晚的空气虽然很热,但我们睡得很沉,因为 长途旅行之后我们太累了。 (2) while 引导的让步状语从句一般置于 句首。 While I think some parts of the plan are good, I don􀆳t think it􀆳s practical. 尽管我认为这个计划有几个部分不错,但我 还是觉得它不可行。 2. even if / though引导的让步状语从句 even if / though 引导让步状语从句时,表示语 气更强的让步,意为“即使,即便”。 Tim is in good shape physically even though / if he doesn􀆳t get much exercise. 尽管蒂姆不怎么锻炼,但他身体状态很好。 3. “疑问词-ever”引导的让步状语从句 “疑问词-ever”引导让步状语从句时,相当于 no matter+疑问词。 However / No matter how hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 277 hh
#4 amount you eat. 不管你多么努力,不减少饭量,减肥很难。 4. whether􀆺or􀆺引导的让步状语从句 whether􀆺or􀆺意为“不管是……还是……”。 该连词引导的让步状语从句表示正反两个方 面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。 All people, whether they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster. 所有人,无论年老还是年轻,富裕还是贫穷, 都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的 人们。 考点三 其他状语从句 条件状 语从句 if, unless ( 如果不, 除 非),so / as long as(只 要), on condition that (条件是), in case(如 果),supposing(假如), provided / providing (如果) 原因状 语从句 because,as,since,now that, considering that (考虑到,鉴于) 目的状 语从句 so that,in order that,in case(以防) 结果状 语从句 so that, so 􀆺 that 􀆺, such􀆺that􀆺 地点状 语从句 where,wherever 方式状 语从句 as ( 按 照 ), as if / as though(好像) 比较状 语从句 than,(not) as / so􀆺as􀆺 You won􀆳t get paid for time off unless you have a doctor􀆳s note. 除非你有医生证明,否 则你不上班便拿不到 工资。 He had his camera ready in case he saw something that would make a good picture. 他准备好了照相机,以 防看到一些能够拍成好 照片的东西。 As / Since you were out, I left a note. 你不在,所以我留了一 张便条。 I found all the missing things where I had left them. 我在丢东西的地方找到 了所有丢失的东西。 3 ———单句语法填空 1. Though it is 5 years 　 　 　 　 he retired from his workplace, the old professor remains active in the academic circles. 2. They received such a positive response from their creative artworks 　 　 　 　 they shared their drawings on social media. 3. Leave your key with your neighbour 　 　 　 　 case you lock yourself out one day. 4. There􀆳ll be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise, so the problems of our environment will get even worse, 　 　 　 　 we do something now. "? 状 语 从 句 确定 状语 从句 设空前后两个句子之间含有一定的逻 辑关系时,应用状语从句的引导词 记 牢 特 殊 考 点 连词 before 的意义及句型:It will be some time(一段时间) + before􀆺 表示 “多久以后才 ……”;It won􀆳t be some time(一段时间) + before􀆺 表示“用不 了多久就会 ……” where 引导地点状语从句 whether􀆺or􀆺 意 为 “ 无 论 …… 还 是 ……”,引导让步状语从句 连词 since 的意义及句型:It is some time(一段时间) + since 引导的时间状 语从句 = It has been some time(一段 时间) + since引导的时间状语从句,该 固定句型意为“自从 …… 以来已经多 长时间了” 26 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 1. (2024·青岛期末) 　 　 　 　 we don􀆳t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone. 2. (2024·绵阳中学月考)Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, all members of the Shenzhou XⅢ mission crew, greeted students, teachers and other participants 　 　 　 　 the lecture started at 3:54 pm. 3. ( 2024 · 江 苏 七 市 期 末) NASA said in a statement it hopes the small orbiting instrument could help predict a volcanic eruption 　 　 　 　 an explosion happens. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 278 @专题五　 多姿多彩的必备句型 4. (2024·辽宁省实验中学月考)You may already be familiar with this story 　 　 　 　 it spread on Weibo for weeks during the Spring Festival. 5. (2023·辽宁协作体高三模拟)On the day it happened, everything was the same as always 　 　 　 　 I got into class. 6. (2023·烟台模拟) The painter wets the ink stone and then grinds (研磨) the ink stick on the stone, making the ink run so 　 　 　 　 it can be used for painting. 7. (2023·天津和平区模拟) 　 　 　 　 the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. 8. (2023·湖北孝感模拟)Apart from that, the decorated resumes do little help to find a job 　 　 　 　 most HR managers pay more attention to skills. 9. ( 2023 · 辽 宁 协 作 体 一 模) 　 　 　 　 the factory was a later addition, it proved that subsequently dedicated coin mints were built somewhere in China from the very beginning. 10. (2023·河南商丘适应性练习) 　 　 　 　 you agree or not, the saying does reflect its vital role in the city􀆳s evolution (演变) . Ⅱ. 语篇专练(状语从句) 　 　 Huang Danian was born in Guangxi in 1958. He went to the UK in 1992 to work on his PhD. Afterwards he took a job there and became a respected expert. 1. 　 　 　 　 he spent many years in the UK, Huang􀆳s heart never left his homeland. He knew that 2. 　 　 　 　 he came back, he could help advance science in China. He felt not just a desire but also a responsibility to do so. Eventually he resigned his post in the UK and returned to China to work at Jilin University in Changchun. Huang was made chief scientist of a branch of China􀆳s largest deep-Earth exploration programme. Wasting no time, Huang worked in his office day and night. 3. 　 　 　 　 he had to go away on business, he always chose the midnight flight so 4. 　 　 　 　 he did not miss any work in the daytime. 5. 　 　 　 　 he spent so much time on work, he was unable to see his family very often. In fact, he worked so hard 6. 　 　 　 　 he did not pay enough attention to his own health. Sadly, he fell ill with cancer, but he continued to work even in the hospital ward 7. 　 　 　 　 he died in 2017 at the age of just 58. Huang excelled 8. 　 　 　 　 he was working and made substantial contributions to his country. His missions to map the world under the Earth􀆳s surface helped discover valuable mineral resources and brought China􀆳s knowledge and technology in this area alongside the world􀆳s finest. Ⅲ. 写作迁移(正确运用状语从句完成句子) 1. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写)的确,我尝到 了胜利的滋味,学会了坚持不懈地追求自己 的梦想,不管遇到什么困难。 (whatever) Indeed, I got a taste of victory and learned to pursue my dream with perseverance, 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . 2. (2023·全国乙卷书面表达)因为我妈妈擅长 烹饪,我决定向她学习。 (since) 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 , I decided to learn from her. 3. (2023·全国乙卷书面表达)一回到家,我就 开始仔细地清洗和修剪它们。 (once) 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 , I began to wash and cut them carefully. 4. (2023·全国乙卷书面表达)当我一把菜端到 桌子上,我的父母就对我竖起大拇指。 ( the moment) 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 , my parents gave me the thumbs-up. 5. (2023·全国甲卷书面表达)范仲淹是一个榜 样, 他 总 是 激 励 我 去 做 一 个 高 尚 的 人。 (such􀆺that􀆺) Fan Zhongyan is 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 he always encourages me to be a man of noble character. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 279 参 考 答 案　 Ⅱ. 语篇专练(冠词和介词) 1. between　 2. a　 3. for　 4. with　 5. The 6. to　 7. in　 8. in　 9. by　 10. from Ⅲ. 写作迁移(正确运用冠词和介词完成 句子) 1. I had won the first prize in the writing contest　 in two days 2. the importance of moral values, respect for elders, and social harmony 3. take up a piano lesson 4. At the award ceremony 　 a certificate of achievement 5. with a mixture of gratitude and excite- ment 第十讲　 代词和并列连词 􀪋􀪋 高考体验 􀪋􀪋 1. or　 2. their　 3. and　 4. but / yet　 5. and 6. its　 7. and　 8. but　 9. mine　 10. its 􀪋􀪋 语法精讲 􀪋􀪋 即学即练 1 1. them　 2. It　 3. his　 4. yourself 即学即练 2 1. and　 2. or　 3. but　 4. and 􀪋􀪋 素养提能 􀪋􀪋 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 1. or　 2. its　 3. and　 4. but　 5. us 6. and　 7. it　 8. them　 9. it　 10. but / yet Ⅱ. 语篇专练(代词和并列连词) 1. It　 2. and　 3. but　 4. them　 5. its Ⅲ. 写作迁移(正确运用代词和并列连词 完成句子) 1. made it 2. not only enhance the program effective- ness but also promote communication and cooperation 3. each other　 but David wouldn􀆳t look at me 4. keep up with the others　 his small body rocking from side to side 5. devote myself to 　 while he developed the scientific model 专题五　 多姿多彩的 必备句型 第十一讲　 状语从句 􀪋􀪋 高考体验 􀪋􀪋 1. because　 2. whether　 3. When / As 4. if / though 􀪋􀪋 语法精讲 􀪋􀪋 即学即练 1. since　 2. that　 3. in　 4. unless 􀪋􀪋 素养提能 􀪋􀪋 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 1. If　 2. when　 3. before　 4. since 5. until　 6. that　 7. As　 8. because 9. While / Although / Though　 10. Whether Ⅱ. 语篇专练(状语从句) 1. Although / Though / While　 2. if 3. When　 4. that　 5. Since　 6. that 7. until　 8. where Ⅲ. 写作迁移(正确运用状语从句完成 句子) 1. whatever difficulties might arise 2. Since my mother is skilled / good at cooking 3. Once we got back home 4. The moment I put the dishes on the table 5. such a role model that 第十二讲　 定语从句 􀪋􀪋 高考体验 􀪋􀪋 1. which / that　 2. as　 3. where　 4. who　 5. that　 6. which / that　 7. when　 8. that　 9. where　 10. whose 􀪋􀪋 语法精讲 􀪋􀪋 即学即练 1 1. that / which　 2. who　 3. which　 4. as　 5. whose 即学即练 2 1. when 　 2. where 　 3. why 　 4. where 　 5. when 即学即练 3 1. on　 2. for　 3. in　 4. for　 5. which 􀪋􀪋 素养提能 􀪋􀪋 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 1. which　 2. which　 3. which　 4. that 5. who　 6. whose　 7. where　 8. that / which 9. when　 10. where Ⅱ. 语篇专练(定语从句) 1. who　 2. whose　 3. who　 4. that 5. that / which　 6. whom / that / who 7. which / that　 8. which / that Ⅲ. 写作迁移(正确运用定语从句完成 句子) 1. when my teacher called me to his office 　 whose native language wasn􀆳t English 2. which had a far-reaching influence on the Chinese educational system 3. which also showed I had grown up 4. which benefited me a lot 5. in which I spotted that the broken win- dow had been repaired 第十三讲　 名词性从句 􀪋􀪋 高考体验 􀪋􀪋 1. why　 2. whether / if　 3. What　 4. what 5. whether 􀪋􀪋 语法精讲 􀪋􀪋 即学即练 1 1. What　 2. whoever　 3. that 4. whether / if　 5. how 即学即练 2 1. that　 2. what　 3. was that he was ill in hospital 　 4. that you are sure to display your talents through this contest 即学即练 3 1. whether　 2. whatever　 3. what 􀪋􀪋 素养提能 􀪋􀪋 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 1. that　 2. when　 3. whether / if　 4. what 5. that　 6. that　 7. what　 8. What 9. how　 10. that Ⅱ. 语篇专练(名词性从句) 1. that　 2. what　 3. Who　 4. whether 5. What　 6. that　 7. how　 8. that　 9. that 10. if / whether Ⅲ. 写作迁移(正确运用名词性从句完成 句子) 1. why I learned how to cook 2. if they had fixed the broken window 3. whatever path his son would like to take 4. whether / if you could do me a favor 5. what happened just now was just a night- mare 第十四讲　 特殊句式 􀪋􀪋 高考体验 􀪋􀪋 1. Observe　 2. that 　 3. had 　 4. treated 　 5. how 􀪋􀪋 语法精讲 􀪋􀪋 即学即练 1 1. that 　 2. it 　 3. that / who 　 4. that 　 5. that 即学即练 2 1. viewing　 2. awarded　 3. to　 4. dealt　 5. not 即学即练 3 1. comes　 2. did　 3. as / though　 4. did 　 5. does 即学即练 4 1. keep　 2. Don􀆳t　 3. How　 4. What 5. is　 6. hasn􀆳t been 􀪋􀪋 素养提能 􀪋􀪋 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 1. encountering　 2. So　 3. came　 4. Had 5. had　 6. to be　 7. will　 8. as / though　 9. how　 10. that Ⅱ. 语篇专练(特殊句式) 1. told　 2. So　 3. that　 4. as / though 5. How　 6. have Ⅲ. 写作迁移(正确运用特殊句式完成 句子) 1. as if rooted to the ground 2. It was at that moment that 3. If interested 4. It was not until some years later that 5. So ashamed was Bryce that 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -549-