必修第三册 Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World-(讲义)【红对勾讲与练】2025年高考高考英语大一轮复习全新方案(译林版2020)

必修第三册 　 Unit 4　 Scientists who changed the world 　 单元基础知识另见分册《单元晨背》与《基础默测》 * /2J% /2 续 写 语 料 积 累 身躬田亩科研,至老不忘苍生 (新人教版选择性必修一 UNIT 5) Yuan Longping, known as the “ father of hybrid rice”, was one of China􀆳s most famous scientists. Yet, he considered himself a farmer because he continually worked the land in his research. Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life. [译文]被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平是中国最著名的科学家之一。 然而,他把自己看作一位农民,因 为在研究过程中他不断耕耘土地。 确实,他瘦削但结实的身躯,与其为之奉献毕生的千千万万的中国农 民无异。 [点评]本段中作者使用了 slim but strong body 等词汇,生动形象地描绘了中国著名科学家袁隆平的外貌 特点。 这段文字通过对袁隆平外貌和精神特点的描绘,勾勒出一幅身体力行、致力于农业科研的高尚形 象画面。 写 作 句 型 锤 炼 句型 12. not only...but also...不但……而且…… [佳句]1. Not only did he contribute money to the charity, but he also spent time volunteering. (记叙文写作 之人物介绍) 他不仅为慈善机构捐款,还花时间做志愿者。 2. Not only the students but also their teacher was excited about the upcoming trip to the botanical garden. (记叙文写作之活动介绍) 不仅学生们,连他们的老师也对即将到来的植物园之行感到兴奋。 [微测]这次展览不仅是现代艺术的展示,还是文化多样性的反映。 The exhibition is 　 　 　 　 a showcase of modern art 　 　 　 　 a reflection of cultural diversity. (应用文写 作之报道)   GK5%" 1 intend vt. & vi. 想要,计划;意指 [基础检测]——— 单句语法填空 ① I intend 　 　 　 　 ( take) up a part-time job, through which I can have broad horizons. -@3 　􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 (1) intend to do / doing sth. 打算做某事 intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 104 @必修第三册　 Unit 4　 Scientists who changed the world ②(2023·全国甲卷)Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message intended 　 　 　 　 everyone. ③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is intended 　 　 　 　 (provide) stronger protection for all the species that live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. ④ The program was set up 　 　 　 　 the intention of helping those in need. ⑤He has made up his mind to intend his son 　 　 　 　 (manage) the company. ⑥It is intended 　 　 　 　 production will start at the end of the month. [能力提升]——— 微写作 ⑦我本打算这个周末和你一起出去,但出了意外。 所以 我写信向你道歉。 I 　 this weekend but something unexpected happened. So I􀆳m writing to express my apology to you. (应用文写作之道歉信) (2 ) It is intended that... 打 算 ……; 计 划…… be intended for / to do sth. 被用于……;为……打算(或设计)的 had intended to do sth. ( = intended to have done sth. )本打算做某事(但事 实上没做) (3) intention n. 打算;计划;意图 with an / the intention of 抱有……的目的;打算…… 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 [写作佳句] 　 Last weekend,our school organized a fruit-picking activity, intending to make us students further understand the hardship of farmers. ( 读 后续写之场景描写) 上周末,我们学校组织了一场水果采摘 活动,旨在让我们更进一步地理解农民 的艰辛。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 2 postpone vt. 延迟,延期 n.延误,耽搁;耽搁的时间;推迟 [基础检测]——— 单句语法填空 ① School Day is coming; we can􀆳t put 　 　 　 　 preparing for it. ② We􀆳ll have to postpone the meeting 　 　 　 　 next week. ③Let􀆳s postpone 　 　 　 　 (make) a decision until we have more information. [能力提升]——— 微写作 ④很遗憾地通知您,由于天气情况,运动会已经被推迟。 It is regretted to inform you that 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 due to the bad weather. (应用文写作之通知) -@3 　􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 postpone / put off / delay 延迟,延期 postpone sth. (to / until)将某物推迟到…… postpone doing sth. 推迟做某事 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 [写作佳句] 　 With the exam postponed, students felt relieved and excited. (读后 续写之心理描写) 随着考试被推迟,学生们感到松了一口 气并且有些兴奋。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 3 surround vt. 围绕,环绕;包围;与……紧密相关 [基础检测]——— 单句语法填空 ①(2023·全国甲卷)There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its 　 　 　 　 (surround) . ②I live in a very old town which 　 　 　 　 ( surround) by beautiful woods. ③The 　 　 　 　 (surround) things always have an effect on our mood. -@3 　􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 (1)surround...with... 用……包围…… be surrounded with / by... 被……包围 (2)surrounding adj. 周围的,附近的 (3)surroundings n. 环境 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 105 hh
:- [能力提升]——— 句式升级 ④In the yard was an old man telling stories. Quite a few children surrounded him. →In the yard was an old man telling stories, 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . (with 的复合结构)(读后续写之情 景描写) [写作佳句] 　 The hungry bear followed its nose to our camp, which was surrounded with a high wire fence. (读 后续写之动作、情景描写) 这只饥饿的熊靠嗅觉指引来到我们被 高高的铁丝篱笆包围着的营地。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 4 favour (AmE favor) vt. 较喜欢;偏袒;有助于 n. 帮助,好事;赞同;偏袒 [基础检测]——— 单句语法填空 ① In some places, people favour 　 　 　 　 ( shake) hands, bowing, or nodding the head when they meet someone else. ②He did her 　 　 　 　 great favour by giving her some valuable suggestions on her essay. ③Most of them were 　 　 　 　 favour of my opinion while David was against it. ④We ought to set sail soon when the weather is still 　 　 　 　 ( favour) . ⑤I owe you 　 　 　 　 favour for helping me with my homework. [能力提升]——— 微写作 ⑥正如路易·巴斯德所说: “幸运总是垂青有准备的人。” As Louis Pasteur said, “Fortune 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . ” (应用文写作之演讲稿) -@3 　􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 (1) favour doing sth. 更喜欢做某事 (2)ask sb. a favour = ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮忙 do a favour for sb. =do sb. a favour 帮助某人 owe sb. a favour 欠某人一个人情 in favour of 赞同;有利于 (3) favourable adj. 赞成的;有利的;讨人 喜欢的 (4) favourite adj. 特别喜爱的 n. 特别喜 爱的人(或事物) 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 [写作佳句] 　 I􀆳m writing this letter, asking you a favour with my coming interview. (应用文写作之求助信) 我写这封信是想请您在我即将到来的 面试一事上帮助我。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 5 charge vt. & vi. 充电;收费;控告;谴责;使……承担责任;使充满 n. 收费;控告;谴 责;掌管 [基础检测]——— 单句语法填空 ①He was charged 　 　 　 　 murder, which surprised us all. ②She accused him 　 　 　 　 stealing her wallet and immediately she felt a sense of panic and fear. ③I wonder how much you charge 　 　 　 　 your service. ④The class is in 　 　 　 　 charge of an experienced teacher. ⑤(2023·全国甲卷)Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now 　 　 　 　 ( lead) the charge. ⑥I need 　 　 　 　 ( charge) the battery of my phone before we go on the road trip. -@3 　􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 (1) charge sb. with ( doing) sth. = accuse sb. of (doing) sth. 指控某人犯…… 罪;因(做)……而控告某人 charge sb. money for sth. 因某物 / 事收某人钱 charge the battery 给电池充电 (2) free of charge= for free 免费 in charge of 掌管(表状态) in the charge of 被……掌管;由……负责 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 106 @必修第三册　 Unit 4　 Scientists who changed the world ⑦ She was appointed to take charge 　 　 　 　 the company􀆳s new project. [能力提升]——— 微写作 ⑧(2022·全国乙卷)所有全日制学生(包括本科生), 在教师带领下,可以享受每人 2 英镑的特价门票。 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers. (应用文写作 之通知) take charge of 掌管(表动作) lead the charge 带头 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 [写作佳句] 　 Last week we had a heated debate about whether citizens can access the Science Museum free of charge / for free. (应用文写作之报道) 上周我们就市民是否可以免费使用科 学博物馆展开了热烈的讨论。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 6 involve vt.包含;牵涉,影响;(使)参加 [基础检测]——— 单句语法填空 ① The test will involve 　 　 　 　 ( answer ) some questions about a photo. ②You shouldn􀆳t have got him involved 　 　 　 　 your argument. ③Her 　 　 　 　 ( involve) in the project was crucial to its success, and she received recognition for her work. ④ The teacher involved the students 　 　 　 　 a discussion about the future of education. [能力提升]——— 一句多译 ⑤所有师生都积极参加了这次越野赛跑。 →All the teachers and students 　 　 　 　 　 　 the cross-country running race. →All the teachers and students 　 　 　 　 　 　 the cross-country running race. (应用文写作之报道) -@3 　􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 (1) involve sb. in (doing) sth. 使某人卷入(做)某事 involve oneself in... 参加…… involve doing... 包括 / 需要做…… (2) involved adj. 涉及的;受牵连的;卷入 的;复杂难解的 be / get involved in 参与;卷入;专注于…… (3) involvement n. 包括;涉及;参与 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 [写作佳句 ] 　 Getting involved in outdoor activities is a great way for students to develop new skills. (应用文 写作之建议信) 对学生来说参加户外活动是一种很好 的提升新技能的方式。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 7 permit vt. & vi. 允许,准许,许可;使有可能 n. 许可证 [基础检测]——— 单句语法填空 ①His health didn􀆳t permit his 　 　 　 　 (go) with you. ②Without a driving license, you are not permitted 　 　 　 　 (drive) a car. ③The man entered the meeting room without 　 　 　 　 (permit) . ④I have recently made the decision to apply for 　 　 　 　 permit to build a new house. [能力提升]——— 一句多译 ⑤天气允许的话,我们将举办冬日远足活动,让我们接 近大自然并提高学生的健康意识。 →　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 , a winter hike will be -@3 　􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 (1)permit sb. ( to do) sth. 允许某人(做)某事 permit (one􀆳s) doing sth. 允许(某人)做某事 (2)apply for a permit 申请许可证 (3)permission n. 准许,许可 with / without one􀆳s permission 获得某人同意 / 未获得某人许可 ask permission for 请求对……许可 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 [写作佳句 ] 　 I would like to ask permission to use the conference room 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 107 hh
:- launched to get us close to nature and raise us students􀆳 health awareness. (独立主格结构) →　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 , a winter hike will be launched to get us close to nature and raise us students􀆳 health awareness. (条件状语从句) for our next team meeting. ( 应用文写 作之申请信) 我想要请求对我们下次的团队会议使 用会议室的许可。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 8 declare vt. 公布,宣布;表明,宣称;申报 [基础检测]——— 单句语法填空 ①In 1939, Britain declared war 　 　 　 　 Germany after Germany invaded Poland. ②Because of the solid evidence,the judge finally declared the man charged with murder 　 　 　 　 (be) innocent. ③The politician declared strongly 　 　 　 　 the policy put forward at the conference,which made the others present unhappy. ④They issued a 　 　 　 　 (declare) to the effect that the covenant would not have any place in the agreement. ⑤The government declared the area 　 　 　 　 a protected wildlife shelter. [能力提升]——— 微写作 ⑥据宣布,新的交通法将于下个月开始实施生效。 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 will come into effect next month. (应用文写作之告知信) -@3 　􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 (1)declare...to be / as... 宣布……为…… declare war on / against... 向……宣战 declare for / against 表示赞成 / 反对 It is declared that... 据宣布…… declare that... 宣称…… (2)declaration n. 宣言,声明 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 [写作佳句] 　 Some factories declared that they would take action to reduce their emissions and take measures to improve air quality. ( 应 用 文 写 作 之 投稿) 一些工厂宣布他们将采取行动减少排 放,并实施措施以改善空气质量。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 9 refer to 查阅,参考;提到,谈及 [基础检测]——— 单句语法填空 ①Wasting too much food is usually referred to 　 　 　 　 a bad habit. ②Will you ask the scientist who was referred 　 　 　 　 give us a report? ③We were completely in the dark in 　 　 　 　 ( refer) to his future plans. ④ We have referred your complaint 　 　 　 　 our supplier,so wait patiently for a few days. [能力提升]——— 微写作 ⑤如果你在阅读时遇到一些生词或短语,最好不要马上 查词典。 If you come across some new words or phrases while reading, you􀆳d better not 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 at once. (应用文写作之建议信) -@3 　􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 (1) refer to / turn to a dictionary 查词典 refer to...as... 把……称作…… refer to sb. / sth. 提及…… refer...to... 把……提交给…… (2) reference n. 谈及,提到;参考 in / with reference to 关于 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 [写作佳句] 　 (2021·全国甲卷) I am writing to ask for your advice with reference to what kinds of traditional Chinese cultures appeal to foreigners most. (应用文写作之求助信) 我写信向您寻求关于什么样的中国传 统文化最吸引外国人的建议。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 108 @必修第三册　 Unit 4　 Scientists who changed the world 10 pay off 成功,奏效,达到目的;还清(借款);得到回报 [基础检测]——— 用 pay 的相关短语填空 ①He 　 　 　 　 the money he owed us immediately he returned home. ②Perhaps I􀆳ll 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 England this winter. ③Have you ever 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 what you eat and drink? ④I am willing to 　 　 　 　 the tickets as a way of showing my appreciation. ⑤After years of hard work, he was finally able to 　 　 　 　 all his debts. [能力提升]——— 微写作 ⑥她致力于她的研究,并且她的努力最后得到了回报。 She devoted herself to her research and 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . (记叙文写作之人物介绍) -@3 　􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 pay off all one􀆳s debts 偿还某人所有 的债务 pay back 偿还;报复 pay for 支付;为……付出代价;赔 偿;因……受处罚 pay sb. for 为……给某人报酬 pay a visit to 参观,拜访 pay attention to 注意 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 [名师指津] 　 pay off 意为 “成 功,奏效,达到目的;得到回报”时 为不及物动词短语,无被动语态。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 11 句型公式:it 作形式宾语 (教材原句)Now,we scientists take it for granted that it is perfectly possible to live and not know. 如今,我们科学家理所当然地认为,生而有所不知是完全有可 能的。 [基础检测]——— 单句语法填空 ①A teacher shouldn􀆳t take 　 　 　 　 for granted that every student has understood what he said in class. ②I like it 　 　 　 　 I have the opportunity to travel and explore new places. ③It is essential for parents to see 　 　 　 　 it that their children receive a proper education. [能力提升]——— 句式升级 ④You can rely on my helping you when you are in trouble. →　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 I will help you when you are in trouble. (含有 it 作形式宾语的复合句) -@3 　􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 (1) 在 “ take it for granted + that 从 句”中, it 是形式宾语,真正的 宾语是后面的 that 从句。 (2) 与 此 类 似 的 用 法 有 rely on / depend on / see to it+ that 从句; appreciate it + if 从句; like / hate it+when 从句。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 [写作佳句] 　 (2022·新高考Ⅰ 卷) I would appreciate it if you could take my invitation into consideration / account. ( 应用文写 作之邀请信) 如果您能考虑我的邀请,我将不 胜感激。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 E5%# [查漏补缺] 1. He was limited 　 　 　 　 a cage underwater but that did not bother him. 2. The writer Mo Yan draws 　 　 　 　 his childhood memories for the material of most of his stories. 3. At no time will China be the first 　 　 　 　 ( use) nuclear weapons. -@% 　􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 1. be limited to 限于;被限制 在……上 2. draw on / upon 凭借,利用 3. 被序数词、形容词最高级或 the only 所修饰的名词,常 用不定式作后置定语。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 109 hh
:- 4. Volunteering at the local shelter can make 　 　 　 　 difference in the lives of homeless animals. 5. Through 　 　 　 　 ( try) and error, scientists have been able to develop groundbreaking discoveries. 6. The man said he involved himself in this affair 　 　 　 　 accident, not on purpose. 7. The team won their last four games, ending the season with 　 　 　 　 bang. 8. As long as we put aside our cellphones and get down to spending time with our family,we will never let our family 　 　 　 　 . 9. She put 　 　 　 　 some cogent ( 有说服力的) reasons for abandoning the plan. 10. As 　 　 　 　 the matter of the missing keys, I have no idea where they could be. 4. make a difference 有影响, 起作用 5. through trial and error 反复 试验 6. by accident 偶然,意外地 7. with a bang 很成功;引人注 目,有强烈影响 8. let sb. down 使某人失望 9. put forward 提 出, 提 议, 建议 10. as to 关于,至于 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋   维度一　 单句语法填空 1. His experience in the college not only gave him broad knowledge but also 　 　 　 　 ( broad) his horizons. 2. The surroundings of this village 　 　 　 　 ( surround ) by mountains are suitable for human beings to live in. 3. As 　 　 　 　 ( indicate) in the report,most students in China are under great stress nowadays and some parents show their concern about this indication. 4. The politician shows no concern for 　 　 　 　 (politics) affairs, which annoys many of his colleagues. 5. One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow in 　 　 　 　 ( experiment) using some common vegetables. 6. Even if you have a permit, I won􀆳t permit you to enter the hall without her 　 　 　 　 (permit) . 7. (2021·天津卷) In all,80 examinations 　 　 　 　 ( conduct ) for the project between January and September,2019, focusing on the imaging procedures that would cause anxiety. 8. Essentially, 　 　 　 　 we are suggesting is that the firm needs to change. 9. It was several minutes before I was aware 　 　 　 　 what was happening. 10. Taking everything into consideration, he worked 　 　 　 　 a detailed plan. 维度二　 一词多义和熟词生义 1. conduct A. vt. 传导　 B. n. 行为;举止　 C. vt. 实施 D. vt. 引导　 E. vt. 指挥 (1) From childhood, she tried to live by the teachings of her parents and gradually accumulated a set of standards of conduct. 　 　 　 　 (2)Knowledge is the candle to conduct you to the bright and true life. 　 　 　 　 (3) (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate. 　 　 　 　 (4)Most metals can conduct electricity. 　 　 　 　 (5)Who will conduct the orchestra tonight? 　 　 　 　 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 110 @必修第三册　 Unit 4　 Scientists who changed the world 2. credit A. n. 学分　 B. n. 信用　 C. n. 赞扬 D. v. 把……归功于 (1 ) To his credit, Jack never told anyone exactly what had happened. 　 　 　 　 (2) It is important to pay your electricity bill on time, as late payment may affect your credit. 　 　 　 　 ( 3 ) You must pass the examination to get credits for the course. 　 　 　 　 (4)(2023·全国甲卷)She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. 　 　 　 　 3. refer to A. 查阅;参考　 B. 谈到,提及　 C. 指的是 (1) I knew the lady was referring to Bill when she spoke of a bright young man. 　 　 　 　 (2)Why not refer to a dictionary to check the spelling of the word? 　 　 　 　 (3)The scientist referred to global warming at least three times in his speech. 　 　 　 　 4.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的词 性和意思 (1)As an examiner, she showed no favour to any candidate. 　 　 　 　 (2)There are traditional proverbs which express a moral or a piece of advice. 　 　 　 　 维度三　 写作素养提升 Ⅰ. 单元话题写作 　 　 假设你是李华,请你写一篇关于“我最尊敬 的科学家”的英文演讲稿,要求演讲稿中讲的是 真实的事例,并说明你尊敬这位科学家的原因。 Step 1 要点提示(黑体部分请用本单元知识) ①今天,我想谈谈一位我非常钦佩的科学家,尼 古拉·特斯拉。 Today, I􀆳d like to talk about 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 , Nikola Tesla. ②他是一位电力领域的先驱。 He is a pioneer 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . ③他的实验和试验为现代电力系统奠定了 基础。 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 laid the foundation for modern electricity systems. ④我最尊重特斯拉的不仅仅是他的智慧和知 识,还有他的毅力。 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 Tesla is not just his 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 but his perseverance. ⑤他面临诸多挑战。 He faced 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . ⑥他的努力终于得到了回报。 His 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . Step 2 句式升级 ⑦用定语从句将句①和句②合并起来 　 　 ⑧将句⑤和句⑥用 despite 合并起来 　 　 Step 3 衔接成文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇) 　 　 　 　 　 Ⅱ. 读后续写微技能 动作描写之动“嘴” 佳词 open-mouthed; open one􀆳s mouth; cover one􀆳s mouth; bite her lower lip; mouth drop / hang wide open 靓句 ①He straightened up and looked at me, open- mouthed. ②She opened her mouth to say something. ③My mouth started watering when I smelled the food. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 111 hh
:- 1. 按要求用与“mouth”相关的表达完成句子 ①闻到三明治的香味,饥饿的小女孩开始流 口水了。 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 when she smelled the sandwich. (动作描写) ②她刚要拿起三明治咬一口,突然一只手捂 住了她的嘴。 She was about to pick up the sandwich and take a bite when suddenly 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . (动 作描写) ③她的弟弟一把抢走了她的三明治放入自己 口中。 It was her brother who grabbed her sandwich and 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . (“动作链”描写) ④她抬起头,目瞪口呆地看着他。 She looked up at him, 　 　 　 　 　 　 . (合成 形容词作状语) ⑤三明治没了,当泪水顺着脸颊流下来时,她 咬住她的下嘴唇以免嘴唇发抖。 With the sandwich gone, she 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 as tears ran down her cheeks. (情 感描写+动作描写) ⑥她的弟弟捂住嘴偷笑。 Her brother 　 　 　 　 　 　 to hide his laugh. (动作描写) 2. 将以上各句衔接成短文,并背诵成文,注意使 用适当的过渡衔接词汇 　 　 　 　 　 维度四　 中国文化盘点———中国地质科学家 李四光 　 　 Li Siguang, born in 1889, was a well-known Chinese geologist, educator. He 1. 　 　 　 　 (credit) as the founder of geological mechanics in China and was a crucial figure in modern Chinese geology. After the 2. 　 　 　 　 (establish) of the People􀆳s Republic of China, he was among the first group of distinguished scientists who made significant contributions to its development. 3. 　 　 　 　 his father being a rural tutor, Li received a good education from a young age. In 1913, he pursued geological studies at the University of Birmingham in the UK 4. 　 　 　 　 earned his master􀆳s degree in 1919. By 1920, he had held professorships at several distinguished institutions, including Peking University and Nanyang University. Li􀆳s contributions to geology were diverse. He 5. 　 　 　 　 (extend) researched China􀆳s ge- ology, introducing new theories and perspectives and establishing the field of geological mechan- ics, a science 6. 　 　 　 　 ( combine) geology, mechanics, and mathematics, crucial for studying mineral distribution, and earthquakes. Li 7. 　 　 　 　 (explore) China􀆳s mineral resources, playing a vital role in their development and application. He was instrumental in setting up China􀆳s first geological survey institute. As 8. 　 　 　 　 expert in seismology (地震学), he was involved in the initiation of Chinese seismology. His innovative theories on the earthquake cause are significant 9. 　 　 　 　 (predict) the occurrence of earthquakes. In summary, Li Siguang􀆳s achievements have left a memorable mark on the fields of geology and earth sciences in China. 10. 　 　 　 　 ( celebrate ) as a scientist who “ changed the world”, he remains a source of pride in the Chinese scientific community. 学习至此,请完成课时作业 12 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 112 参 考 答 案　 2. 　 　 Daniel sat beside the window, with his eyes fixed on a book. When he fin- ished the book, he lifted his eyes and looked out of the window. Singing hap- pily, he gazed at the surroundings with innocent and curious eyes. Then, noti- cing someone approaching, Daniel stopped singing and lowered / dropped his eyes. When recognizing who the vis- itor was, Daniel opened his mouth with his eyes widening. 维度四 　 中国文化盘点———中国 5G 科技 　 　 本文是一篇介绍中国在 5G 技术领 域取得的成就以及其对经济和社会的影 响的文章。 1. increasing 　 考查形容词。 句意:中国 5G 技术领域的发展得到了强有力的 政策支持,并且市场需求持续增长。 空后 market demand 是名词,应用形容 词修饰,故将 increase 转化为形容词形 式 increasing,意为“越来越多的”。 故 填 increasing。 2. to　 考查固定搭配。 句意:移动互联网 使用和应用的繁荣引起了中国移动通 信市场需求的增长。 本句中 lead to 为 固定搭配,意为“引起”。 故填 to。 3. to offer　 考查非谓语动词。 句意:现有 的 4G 网络开始不能满足用户的期望, 这为 5G 技术给通信行业提供新机会 铺平了道路。 分析句子可知,空处是 非谓语动词,在句中表目的。 故填 to offer。 4. is set　 考查动词时态和语态及主谓一 致。 句意:在经济上,5G 的设立将刺激 包括人工智能在内的各种行业的增 长,为中国的经济扩张引入新的途径。 此处陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时, 且主语 5G 与 set 构成被动关系,故用 一般现在时的被动语态。 主语为专有 名词,不可数,谓语动词应用单数。 故 填 is set。 5. expansion　 考查名词。 句意同上。 空 处位于形容词 economic 之后,应为名 词形式,因为该名词不可数,故填 ex- pansion。 6. In　 考查固定搭配。 句意:就目前的状 况而言,中国是全球 5G 基础设施的领 导者。 in terms of 为固定搭配,意为 “就……而言”,位于句首,首字母大 写。 故填 In。 7. had established　 考查动词的时态。 句 意:到 2020 年底,我国已经建立了超过 70 万个 5G 基站,覆盖了大多数地区。 By the end of 2020 意为 “到 2020 年 底”,因此本句为过去完成时。 故填 had established。 8. from　 考查固定搭配。 句意:此外,5G 的多样化应用,从工业互联网到智能 城市和远程医疗,都准备好为中国的 经济增长做出重大贡献。 span from... to...是固定搭配,意为 “从……跨越 到……”。 故填 from。 9. financially　 考查副词。 句意:政府计 划在财政上和通过政策指导继续提供 强有力的支持。 分析句子可知,空处 为副词。 financially 是 finance 的副词 形式,意为“财政上”。 故填 financial- ly。 10. strengthening 　 考查非谓语动词。 句 意:在全球方面,中国致力于加强与 国际合作伙伴的关系,促进合作,努 力推进 5G 技术及其应用的发展。 be keen on 为 固 定 搭 配, 意 为 “ 热 衷 于 ……”, 介 词 on 后 加 动 名 词。 strengthen 为动词,意为“加强”。 故填 strengthening。 Unit 4　 Scientists who changed the world 􀪋􀪋 写作积累与锤炼 􀪋􀪋 not only　 but also 􀪋􀪋 高效课堂·考点突破 􀪋􀪋 A 重难考点 1. ①to take　 ②for　 ③to provide　 ④with ⑤to manage 　 ⑥ that 　 ⑦had intended to go out with you 2. ①off 　 ②until / to 　 ③making 　 ④ the sport meeting has been postponed 3. ①surroundings　 ②is surrounded ③surrounding　 ④with quite a few chil- dren surrounding him 4. ①shaking　 ②a　 ③in　 ④favourable　 ⑤a　 ⑥favours the prepared mind 5. ①with　 ②of　 ③for　 ④the　 ⑤lead- ing　 ⑥ to charge 　 ⑦of 　 ⑧A special low entrance charge of ￡ 2 per person 6. ①answering 　 ② in 　 ③ involvement 　 ④in　 ⑤were actively involved in involved themselves actively in 7. ①going 　 ② to drive 　 ③permission 　 ④a　 ⑤Weather permitting　 If weather permits 8. ①on / against　 ②to be　 ③against ④declaration　 ⑤as / to be /不填 　 ⑥ It is declared that the new traffic law 9. ①as　 ②to　 ③reference　 ④to　 ⑤re- fer to / turn to your / a dictionary 10. ①paid back　 ②pay a visit to　 ③paid attention to　 ④pay for 　 ⑤pay off 　 ⑥her efforts paid off at last 11. ①it　 ②when　 ③to　 ④You can rely on it that B 拾遗考点 1. to　 2. on / upon　 3. to use　 4. a 5. trial　 6. by　 7. a　 8. down　 9. forward 10. to 􀪋􀪋 多维演练·素养提升 􀪋􀪋 维度一　 单句语法填空 1. broadened　 2. surrounded 3. is indicated　 4. political　 5. experiments 6. permission　 7. were conducted 8. what　 9. of　 10. out 维度二　 一词多义和熟词生义 1. (1)B　 (2)D　 (3)C　 (4)A　 (5)E 2. (1)C　 (2)B　 (3)A　 (4)D 3. (1)C　 (2)A　 (3)B 4. (1)n. 偏袒,较喜欢 点拨:favor(熟义)vt. 有助于 n. 帮助, 好事。 此处用作名词,意为“偏袒,较 喜欢”。 (2)n. 寓意,教益 点拨:moral(熟义) adj. 道德的;道义 上的;品行端正的。 此处用作名词,意 为“寓意,教益”。 维度三　 写作素养提升 Ⅰ. 单元话题写作 Step 1 ①a scientist I deeply admire ②in the field of electricity ③His experiments and trials ④What I respect most about　 wisdom and knowledge ⑤numerous challenges ⑥efforts finally paid off Step 2 ⑦Today, I􀆳d like to talk about a scientist I deeply admire,Nikola Tesla, who is a pioneer in the field of electricity. ⑧Despite facing numerous challenges, his efforts finally paid off. Step 3 Today, I􀆳d like to talk about a scien- tist I deeply admire,Nikola Tesla, who is a pioneer in the field of electricity. His ex- periments and trials laid the foundation for modern electricity systems. While many of his contemporaries stuck to estab- lished theories, Tesla was not afraid to challenge them. What I respect most about Tesla is not just his wisdom and knowledge but his perseverance. Despite facing nu- merous challenges, his efforts finally paid off. He is respected as a great scientist. In conclusion, Tesla􀆳s dedication to science and his persistent pursuit of knowl- edge make him a figure of inspiration for all of us. Thank you. Ⅱ. 读后续写微技能 1. ①The hungry girl􀆳s mouth started wate- ring ②a hand covered her mouth ③put it into his own mouth ④open-mouthed ⑤bit her lower lip to keep it from trem- bling ⑥covered his mouth 2. 　 　 The hungry girl􀆳s mouth started wa- tering when she smelled the sandwich. She was about to pick up the sandwich and take a bite when suddenly a hand covered her mouth. It was her brother who grabbed her sandwich and put it in- to his own mouth. She looked up at him, open-mouthed. With the sandwich gone, she bit her lower lip to keep it from trembling as tears ran down her cheeks. Meanwhile, her brother covered his mouth to hide his laugh. 维度四　 中国文化盘点———中国地质科 学家李四光 　 　 本文是一篇记叙文。 文章主要介绍 了中国著名地质学家、教育家李四光的 生平和贡献。 1. was credited　 考查动词的时态、语态和 主谓一致。 句意:他被认为是中国地 质力学的创始人,是现代中国地质学 的关键人物。 结合上下文语境可知, 本句为一般过去时,be credited as 为固 定短语,意为“被认为是……”,主语为 He。 故填 was credited。 2. establishment　 考查名词。 句意:中华 人民共和国成立后,他是为国家发展 做出重大贡献的第一批杰出科学家之 一。 the 后面跟名词,establish 为动词, 意为“建立”,故应转化为名词形式。 故填 establishment。 3. With　 考查介词。 句意:由于他的父亲 是一位农村教师,李四光从小就接受 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -573- hh
:- 了良好的教育。 此处为 with 的复合结 构,表示原因。 位于句首,首字母大 写。 故填 With。 4. and　 考查连词。 句意:1913 年,他在 英国伯明翰大学从事地质学研究,并 于 1919 年获得硕士学位。 本空连接两 个谓语动词(pursued 和 earned),表示 并列关系。 故填 and。 5. extensively　 考查副词。 句意:他广泛 研究了中国的地质学,引入了新的理 论和观点,并建立了地质力学这一学 科,这是一门将地质学、力学和数学相 结合的科学,对于研究矿物分布和地 震至关重要。 空处修饰动词 researched 应用副词。 故填 extensively。 6. combining　 考查非谓语动词。 句意同 上。 分析句子可知,空处为非谓语动 词,combine 意为“结合”,与 science 构 成主动关系,应用现在分词形式。 故 填 combining。 7. explored　 考查动词时态。 句意:李四 光探索了中国的矿产资源,在其开发 和应用方面发挥着至关重要的作用。 根据上下文的语境可知,探索这个动 作发生在过去。 故填 explored。 8. an　 考查冠词。 句意:作为一名地震学 专家,他参与了中国地震学的创立。 空后 expert 为单数且非特指,又 expert 的发音以元音音素开头。 故填 an。 9. to predict　 考查固定搭配。 句意:他关 于地震原因的创新理论对预测地震的 发生具有重要意义。 表示“做某事很 重要”用固定搭配 be significant to do sth. 。 故填 to predict。 10. Celebrated　 考查非谓语动词。 句意: 作为一位“改变世界”的科学家而被 赞誉,他仍然是中国科学界的骄傲。 主语为 he,谓语动词为 remains,所以 空处为非谓语动词,celebrate 与主语 构成被动关系,且位于句首,首字母 大写。 故填 Celebrated。 选择性必修第一册 Unit 1　 Food matters 􀪋􀪋 写作积累与锤炼 􀪋􀪋 while we were setting up 􀪋􀪋 高效课堂·考点突破 􀪋􀪋 A 重难考点 1. ①combination 　 ② in 　 ③combined 　 ④when combined with regular exercise 2. ①with　 ②in　 ③association　 ④with ⑤associated with smoking 　 in associa- tion with smoking 3. ①a　 ②to / with　 ③linked　 ④with ⑤links　 ⑥this man is closely linked to the theft 　 there is a close link between the man and the theft 4. ①expansion　 ②has expanded　 ③into ④ expanded on / upon the details of the activity 5. ①at　 ②to be　 ③underestimate ④It is estimated that 6. ①with　 ②Mixing　 ③mixed　 ④up　 ⑤Mother felt a mixture of delight and pride 7. ①on　 ②believing　 ③tricks　 ④a　 ⑤tricked her out of her money 8. ①into　 ②up　 ③off　 ④away　 ⑤on ⑥throw cold water on your idea(s) 9. ①leaving 　 ② to see 　 ③It allowed me to speak English fluently　 which allowed me to speak English fluently 　 allowing me to speak English fluently 10. ① It is known that 　 ② It is expected that　 ③it is estimated that　 ④It􀆳s said that B 拾遗考点 1. and　 2. for / to　 3. loose　 4. of　 5. with 6. hits　 7. to mention　 8. without　 9. to 10. off 􀪋􀪋 多维演练·素养提升 􀪋􀪋 维度一　 单句语法填空 1. combination　 2. impressive　 3. gently 4. association　 5. security　 6. relief　 7. to 8. for　 9. of　 10. to 维度二　 一词多义和熟词生义 1. (1)C　 (2)A　 (3)B 2. (1)D　 (2)A　 (3)C　 (4)B 3. (1)B　 (2)D　 (3)A　 (4)C 4. (1)n. 气氛,氛围 点拨:mood(熟义) n. 情绪,心情。 此 处意为“气氛,氛围”。 (2)n. 摘要 点拨:digest(熟义) vt. & vi. 消化;领 会,理解。 此处意为“摘要”。 (3)adj. 不严谨的 点拨:loose(熟义) adj. 不受约束的; 未固定牢的;零散的;宽松的;疏松的。 此处意为“不严谨的”。 维度三　 写作素养提升 Ⅰ. 单元话题写作 Step 1 ①one of them had a distinct sour flavour ②emotion of disappointment ③telling them the flavour of meat is close- ly linked to its freshness ④a new helping of fried steak ⑤The initial experience ⑥made up for it Step 2 ⑦But to my anger, one of them had a dis- tinct sour flavour, indicating it wasn􀆳t fresh. ⑧ While the initial experience was not pleasant, the restaurant􀆳s prompt re- sponse made up for it. Step 3 Dear David, I hope this letter finds you in good spirits. I recently had quite an upsetting experience at a restaurant. I ordered some dishes that contained five kinds of meat. But to my anger, one of them had a dis- tinct sour flavour, indicating it wasn􀆳t fresh. Therefore, my emotion of disap- pointment was evident. However, I immediately raised the is- sue with the staff, telling them the flavour of meat is closely linked to its freshness. To their credit, they acknowledged the er- ror, apologized to me and quickly replaced it with a new helping of fried steak. In conclusion, while the initial expe- rience was not pleasant, the restaurant􀆳s prompt response made up for it. Warm regards, Li Hua Ⅱ. 读后续写微技能 1. ①get off the ground ②right in front of a truck􀆳s tire ③held my hand up　 bent down to look at the butterfly ④one of its legs was stuck in ⑤cupped the butterfly 　 as gently as I could ⑥I opened my hands up　 flew towards the shining sun ⑦lit up　 felt lighter 2. 　 　 A single butterfly was fluttering its wings very hard but could not get off the ground. It was right in front of a truck􀆳s tire. Without thinking I got out of my car, held my hand up so the truck driver wouldn􀆳t move forward, and bent down to look at the butterfly. I found one of its legs was stuck in what looked like so- da. I bent over and cupped the butterfly in my hands as gently as I could. I lifted its leg up and suddenly it was free. I opened my hands up and it flew towards the shining sun. My eyes lit up and my own heart felt lighter as I watched it fly away. 维度四 　 中国文化盘点———中国淄博 烧烤 　 　 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了淄 博的特色美食———烧烤。 文章追溯了淄 博烧烤的起源,详细描述了淄博烧烤的 独特之处,包括多样化的食材、独特的调 料和烤制技巧,以及淄博人民对美食体 验的热爱。 1. be traced　 考查时态和语态。 句意:中 国的烧烤史可以追溯到古代。 此处描 述客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语 history 与 trace 之间是被动关系,使用 被动语态。 故填 be traced。 2. has diversified 　 考查动词时态和主谓 一致。 句意:随着时间的推移,这道菜 逐渐多样化,巩固了它作为淄博特色 菜的声誉。 由 Over time 可知,应用现 在完成时,主语为 this dish,助动词用 has。 故填 has diversified。 3. With　 考查介词。 句意:使用多种不同 的食材,包括羊肉、牛肉、鸡肉和海鲜, 它迎合了各种口味。 表示“使用多种 不同的食材”应用 with 短语作状语,位 于句首,首字母大写。 故填 With。 4. combined　 考查非谓语动词。 句意:神 奇之处在于香料和调料的结合,再加 上专业的烧烤技术,从而产生美味多 汁的美食。 本句主语为 The magic,谓 语动词为 is,此处为非谓语动词,与其 逻辑主语 integration 构成被动关系,用 过去 分 词 combined 作 状 语。 故 填 combined。 5. appreciation　 考查名词。 句意:淄博烧 烤的广泛吸引力反映了淄博人对美食 体验的深刻感受。 此处应用名词 ap- preciation 作 reflects 的宾语。 故填 ap- preciation。 6. but　 考查固定搭配。 句意:这道菜不 仅代表了淄博人对美食的热爱,还反 映了淄博的经济发展和人们生活水平 的提高。 not only...but(also)为固定搭 配,意为“不仅……还”。 故填 but。 7. Recognizable　 考查形容词。 句意:像 “淄博烧烤王”这样的知名品牌已经涌 现,并获得了全国的赞誉。 此处应用 形容词 recognizable 修饰名词 brands。 位于句首,首字母大写。 故填 Recog- nizable。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -574-