课时作业14 Diverse Cultures-(课时作业)【红对勾讲与练】2025年高考英语大一轮复习全新方案(人教版2019)

必修第三册　 3 课时作业 14　 DIVERSE CULTURES Ⅰ. 阅读理解 " (2023·福建高中毕业班适应性练习) Many of LA􀆳s top museums and cultural attractions are your best choices if you visit Los Angeles. From ancient artifacts to modern art, read on for our guide in Los Angeles. Museum of Latin American Art: Founded in 1996, it is the only museum in the United States devoted to modern and contemporary Latin American art. Since its beginning, it has doubled its size, added a 15,000-square-foot sculpture garden and expanded its permanent collection, ranging from works by Tamayo and Matta to Cruz- Diez, Los Carpinteros and Tunga. Free admission every Sunday. Autry Museum of the American West: Located in Griffith Park, the Autry features world- class galleries filled with Native American art and artifacts, film memorabilia, historic firearms and more. The Autry􀆳s collection of more than 500,000 pieces of art and artifacts includes the Southwest Museum of the American Indian Collection, one of the largest and most significant collections of Native American materials in the country. Free admission on the second Tuesday of every month. Descanso Gardens: Located in La Cañada Flintridge, the 160-acre Descanso Gardens was originally developed in 1936 by Elias Manchester Boddy, whose numerous interests included horticulture and politics. Descanso Gardens offers numerous areas for exploring, including a Japanese tea garden, water-wise garden, Oak Woodland, California Garden, and the world􀆳s largest collection of camellia flowers. Free admission on the third Tuesday of every month. Kidspace Chidren􀆳s Museum: Founded in 1979 by members of the Caltech community and the Pasadena Junior League, the museum develops the potential of all kids through kid-driven experiences, inspiring them to become joyful, active learners. Admission to the museum is free on first Fridays. 1. What is special about Museum of Latin American Art? A. It has a very long history. B. It has been continuously enlarged. C. It owns Native American artifacts. D. It offers a wide range of exploration. 2. Which of the following helps to promote initiatives? A. Museum of Latin American Art. B. Autry Museum of the American West. C. Descanso Gardens. D. Kidspace Children􀆳s Museum. 3. What do the museums and gardens have in common? A. They take up large areas. B. They have diverse cultures. C. They collect artworks permanently. D. They offer free admission regularly. # (2023·湖南名校联盟高三联考) The South African town Hamburg is situated by one of the most beautiful estuaries (河口) in the Eastern Cape. It􀆳s known for its rich Xhosa culture. It is also home to a group of women who have produced a series of extraordinary artworks that have been exhibited around the world. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -527- hh
3+ Keiskamma Art Project was created to teach local women embroidery ( 刺绣) skills to help them at a tough time economically and socially, but unexpectedly it has grown into something much bigger. Having been shown at international art galleries, many of their tapestries (挂毯) are now being displayed under one roof for the first time, at an exhibition in Johannesburg. Their story began in 2000, when Dr Carol Hofmeyr moved from Johannesburg to Hamburg. She found that the town was struggling with high unemployment and that local women were desperate to find ways to feed their families. Having studied embroidery herself, she hoped that passing on that knowledge to local women would help empower them. From humble beginnings, more and more women heard about the project through word of mouth. Now, over 150 women are part of the project. Selling their works provides a source of income, but the project has also created a support system for the women. Initially, the women started out simply creating cushions (坐垫) and small handbags to sell to tourists. Eventually, they started receiving tasks for larger pieces. They were given panels about a meter in size to work on at home. By joining the completed panels together, they created the first of their large works and one of their most celebrated, “ The Keiskamma Tapestry”, which tells the history of the Xhosa people who were subjugated ( 征服) through colonization and the Xhosa British Frontier Wars. Another celebrated piece is “The Keiskamma Altarpiece”, which was produced by 130 women. The four-meter-high, four-meter-wide piece reveals the struggles that elderly Xhosa women endured when the youth in their community were hit by HIV two decades ago, and they stepped in to care for children. Recent artworks engage with contemporary issues. “ COVID Resilience Tapestry” deals with the epidemic; “ A New Earth and Our Sacred Ocean” is a call for environmental consciousness. 4. What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To inform readers of the situation. B. To bring in the topic of the text. C. To introduce an ancient culture. D. To promote the local artworks. 5. What is beyond people􀆳s expectation for Keiskamma Art Project? A. It helps a lot of women. B. It gains international fame. C. It helps develop local economy. D. It sponsors an exhibition in Johannesburg. 6. Which of the following can best describe the process of making “The Keiskamma Tapestry”? A. Historical. B. Game-changing. C. Cooperative. D. Time-consuming. 7. What do we know about “ The Keiskamma Altarpiece”? A. It shows the Xhosa people􀆳s sufferings. B. It reflects on some contemporary issues. C. It covers some pandemic-related content. D. It aims to arouse the environmental awareness. Ⅱ. 阅读七选五 (2023·广州普通高中毕业班综合测试) The Malaysian night market is based on a concept of open-air shopping where street vendors (小贩) take over a designated street to set up stalls (货摊) . The night market is the place where you can hang around the stalls, enjoy the smell of local foods and maybe pick up some items. Each night market comprises a different combination of stalls. 　 1　 There is always something new and exciting to look forward to at each visit. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -528- 必修第三册　 3 The night markets are typically from 5 pm till 10: 30 pm. You can get anything from night markets, including groceries, clothing, good local food, hot snacks, household items, fresh produce, and even the latest styles. By around 6 pm, the market is in full swing as the first groups of people sweep in. For those who cook, there is stall upon stall selling fresh seafood, meat products, and a limitless variety of vegetables. 　 2　 It is no secret that all night markets share a common treasure—tasty street cuisine. 　 3　 The ever-popular soybean drink and sugarcane juice are a permanent feature here. 　 4　 Therefore, it is not a place for the faint-hearted or the gentle. To many, they are fun and thrilling places to explore. You can even be addicted to discoveries of the antique kind which can be found in some night markets. Some places are 24-hour markets, which are livelier at night when traders set up numerous stalls selling unusual local food, exotic tropical (热带 的) fruits, cheap clothes, second-hand goods as well as fresh produce. The night market is truly an exciting experience and a feast for the eyes on a tropical night out. The atmosphere is almost festive. 　 5　 A. Your curiosity will be satisfied here. B. There is so much to see, buy and eat. C. People would complain about the noises here. D. Noisy crowds are the hallmark of the night market. E. It would be a regret not to try on mouth- watering local dishes. F. New items are constantly being added on in line with current trends and market demand. G. Dried and preserved items such as dried beef and salted eggs are easily available here too. Ⅲ. 语法填空 (2023·辽宁部分学校模拟) Chinatown is a district within larger cities which 　 1　 ( hold ) a significant Chinese population. Many major cities around the world have a Chinatown, including New York, London, and San Francisco. These areas tend to have largely Chinese-focused stores, signs, and services, which makes some of them popular tourist 　 2　 ( destination) for those hoping to experience another culture. Many Chinatowns used to consist largely 　 3　 new immigrants, though many now have residents whose families have lived there for several generations. The reason why these areas are attractive to new immigrants is 　 4　 they can network with people they know and who can speak their native language. As they gain financial independence and 　 5　 greater knowledge of the surrounding city, they may choose 　 6　 ( stay) close to known friends and neighbors for comfort. Some Chinese prefer to live in Chinatown because it helps them keep up their language and culture, 　 7　 because they can conveniently access foods, religious services, and other items that they are accustomed to. What􀆳s more, many Chinatowns have associations that schedule regular activities for their members and provide 　 8　 (society) services. Many Chinatowns provide a 　 9　 (cultural) different experience. While visiting a Chinatown is not at all the same thing as 　 10　 (go) to China, it provides a taste of what life is like in Chinese communities, and an opportunity to enjoy Chinese traditions and culture. 1. 　 　 　 　 2. 　 　 　 　 3. 　 　 　 　 4. 　 　 　 　 5. 　 　 　 　 6. 　 　 　 　 7. 　 　 　 　 8. 　 　 　 　 9. 　 　 　 　 10. 　 　 　 　 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -529- hh
3+ A 项“Told the truth. ”意义一致,意为“讲出 事实”。 故选 A 项。 8. C　 推理判断题。 根据首段第一、二句“ In Tennessee, you will find a ‘ secret society’ that consists of 9 women who call themselves ‘The 9 Nanas’ . Its mission is simple—to spread happiness by performing random acts of kindness for those in need. ”可推断出,Nanas 乐于奉献,关心他人。 故选 C 项。 Ⅱ. 完形填空 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。 文章主 要讲述了作者的车在半路坏了,正巧赶上周 日,作者在加油站并没有找到修车的人。 这时 恰巧有一位年长的绅士来加油。 了解到作者 遇到的困难后,他主动帮助作者修了车。 作者 对此非常感谢。 1. C　 考查形容词词义辨析。 句意:我的手机 也关机了。 A. busy 忙的;B. loud 大声的; C. dead(因无电力)不工作的;D. secure 可靠 的。 根据上文“ I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down. ”以及句中的 too 可知,作者的车坏 了,手机也因为没电而关机了。 故选 C。 2. A　 考查名词词义辨析。 句意:我设法去了 一个加油站,但那是初秋的周日,没有机修 工值班。 A. mechanic 机修工;B. policeman 警察;C. manager 经理;D. guide 向导。 根据 上文“ but it was Sunday in the early fall”可 知,作者的车坏了,所以她应该想找修车的 人。 但因为是周日,所以加油站的机修工都 没上班。 故选 A。 3. D　 考查动词词义辨析。 句意:我当时正在 读大学,几乎没有保养车的钱。 A. washing 清洗;B. parking 停车; C. purchasing 购买; D. maintaining 保 养。 根 据 空 前 “ I was working my way through university then and had little money”可知,作者当时正在读大 学,没有什么钱,所以几乎是不保养车的。 故选 D。 4. B　 考查动词词义辨析。 句意:我在车旁坐 了几个小时试图避暑,这时一位年长的绅士 停下来给他的车加油。 A. feel 感觉;B. beat 击败;C. absorb 吸收;D. produce 生产。 根据 下文“working on a hot September afternoon” 可知,事情发生在一个炎热的夏天,作者坐 在车边试图保持凉爽。 beat the heat“消暑, 在炎热的天气中保持凉爽”。 故选 B。 5. C 　 考 查 动 词 词 义 辨 析。 句 意 同 上。 A. promised 答应;B. refused 拒绝;C. stopped 停车; D. volunteered 自 愿。 根 据 上 文 “ I managed to get to a gas station”可知,作者是 在加油站,所以老人是停下来加油。 故 选 C。 6. D　 考查动词词义辨析。 句意:他询问我车 的情况,我解释了我的困境。 A. solved 解 决; B. noticed 注 意 到; C. escaped 逃 脱; D. explained 解 释。 根 据 上 文 “ He asked about my car”可知,这位绅士询问作者的车 出了什么问题,然后作者向他解释了她的困 境。 故选 D。 7. A　 考查名词词义辨析。 句意:令我惊讶的 是,这位绅士告诉我,他有一个和我同龄的 女儿,然后他打开后备厢,拿出了一套工具。 A. surprise 惊喜;B. regret 遗憾;C. amusement 好笑;D. disappointment 失望。 根据下文“ the gentleman told me that he had a daughter of my age, and then he opened his trunk and 　 8　 a tool set”可知,这位年长的绅士听到 作者的困难后,告诉作者他也有一个女儿, 而且从车里拿出一套工具。 这让作为陌生 人的作者感到非常惊讶。 故选 A。 8. B 　 考 查 动 词 短 语 辨 析。 句 意 同 上。 A. called up 打电话 (给);B. pulled out 取 出;C. put down 放下;D. threw away 扔掉。 根据空后“ a tool set”以及下文“Right then and there, this total 　 9　 examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn􀆳t been changed for so long that they were 　 10　 to function. ”可知,这位绅士从他的车里拿出 一套工具,帮作者修起了车。 故选 B。 9. C　 考查名词词义辨析。 句意:就在这时,这 个完全陌生的人检查了我的发动机,一边工 作一边解释说,我的火花塞已经很久没有更 换了, 以 至 于 无 法 工 作。 A. liar 骗 子; B. beginner 初 学 者; C. stranger 陌 生 人; D. loser 失败者。 根据上文 “ I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to 　 4　 the heat when an older gentleman 　 5　 to fuel his car”以及全文语境可知,这个绅士对于作 者来说完全是个陌生人。 故选 C。 10. D 　 考查形容词词义辨析。 句意同上。 A. free 免 费 的; B. ready 准 备 好 的; C. uncertain 不确定的;D. unable 不能的。 根据上文“my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn􀆳t been changed for so long”可知,车辆的火花 塞已经很久没有更换了,所以导致它们不 能正常工作。 故选 D。 11. A　 考查动词词义辨析。 句意:大约 1 小时 后,他宣称我的车可以安全地完成旅程。 A. pronounced 宣 布; B. agreed 同 意; C. discovered 发现;D. doubted 怀疑。 根据 空后“ that my car was safe to finish the trip” 可知,经过一个小时的修理后,那位绅士宣 布车可以安全地完成旅程。 故选 A。 12. B　 考查名词词义辨析。 句意:善意来自一 个陌生人。 A. Tiredness 疲劳;B. Kindness 善良;C. Loneliness 孤独;D. Carefulness 细 心。 根据全文语境可知,一位陌生人帮助 了作者,所以此处指善意来自一个陌生人。 故选 B。 13. C　 考查动词词义辨析。 句意:在一个炎热 的九月下午,这个男人弄脏了自己的衣服, 从灾难中拯救了一个大学生,只因为她也 许会是他女儿 (他女儿也会遇到这种情 况)。 A. Folding 折 叠; B. Drying 干 燥; C. Soiling 弄脏;D. Mending 修补。 根据上 文“After about an hour, he 　 11　 that my car was safe to finish the trip”可知,那位绅 士给作者修了一个小时的车。 此处指修车 时他弄脏了自己的衣服。 故选 C。 14. A 　 考 查 动 词 词 义 辨 析。 句 意 同 上。 A. saved 救;B. called 打电话;C. judged 判 断;D. banned 禁止。 根据文章内容可知, 这个陌生人给作者修了车,所以作者觉得 他就像是从灾难中救了她。 故选 A。 15. B　 考查名词词义辨析。 句意同第 13 题。 A. friend 朋友;B. daughter 女儿;C. co-worker 同事; D. customer 顾 客。 根 据 上 文 “ the gentleman told me that he had a daughter of my age”可知,作者觉得那位绅士帮助自己 是因为她让绅士想起了自己的女儿。 故 选 B。 课时作业 14　 DIVERSE CULTURES Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍 的是四个洛杉矶的顶级博物馆和文化景点的 相关情况。 1. B 　 细 节 理 解 题。 根 据 Museum of Latin American Art 部分的“Since its beginning, it has doubled its size, added a 15,000-square- foot sculpture garden and expanded its permanent collection, ranging from works by Tamayo and Matta to Cruz-Diez, Los Carpinteros and Tunga. ” 可 知, Museum of Latin American Art 不断扩大。 故选 B 项。 2. D　 细节理解题。 根据 Kidspace Children􀆳s Museum 部 分 的 “ Founded in 1979 by members of the Caltech community and the Pasadena Junior League, the museum develops the potential of all kids through kid-driven experiences, inspiring them to become joyful, active learners. ” 可 知, Kidspace Children􀆳s Museum 有助于促进孩子的积极性。 故选 D 项。 3. D 　 细节理解题。 根据 Museum of Latin American Art 部 分 的 “ Free admission every Sunday. ”; Autry Museum of the American West 部分的“Free admission on the second Tuesday of every month. ”;Descanso Gardens 部分的“ Free admission on the third Tuesday of every month. ” 和 Kidspace Children􀆳s Museum 部分的“Admission to the museum is free on first Fridays. ”可知,这些 博物馆和花园的共同之处在于它们定期提 供免费入场。 故选 D 项。 B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。 文章 讲述了南非 Hamburg 小镇因科萨文化而闻名, 当地的女士们通过制作一些工艺品度过生活 难关的故事。 4. B　 推理判断题。 根据第一段 “ The South African town Hamburg is situated by one of the most beautiful estuaries (河口) in the Eastern Cape. It􀆳s known for its rich Xhosa culture. It is also home to a group of women who have produced a series of extraordinary artworks that have been exhibited around the world. ”可知,第一段通过介绍南非 Hamburg 小镇及其丰富的科萨文化,进而引出创造科 萨文化工艺品的女性艺术家们,因此,第一 段的目的是引入文章的主题。 故选 B 项。 5. B 　 细 节 理 解 题。 根 据 第 二 段 中 “Keiskamma Art Project was created to teach local women embroidery ( 刺 绣 ) skills to help them at a tough time economically and socially, but unexpectedly it has grown into something much bigger. Having been shown at international art galleries ” 可 知, Keiskamma Art Project 目获得的国际声誉 超出了人们的期望。 故选 B 项。 6. C　 推理判断题。 根据第五段 “By joining the completed panels together, they created the first of their large works and one of their most celebrated”可知,制作“凯思卡玛挂毯”的过 程是互相合作的。 故选 C 项。 7. A 　 细节理解题。 根据第六段 “ The four- meter-high, four-meter-wide piece reveals the struggles that elderly Xhosa women endured when the youth in their community were hit by HIV two decades ago, and they stepped in to care for children. ” 可 知, The Keiskamma Altarpiece 展示了科萨人民的苦难。 故选 A 项。 Ⅱ. 阅读七选五 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主 要介绍了马来西亚的夜市。 1. F　 根据下文“There is always something new and exciting to look forward to at each visit. ” 可知,每次去夜市都有新的体验,故 F 项“根 据当前的趋势和市场需求不断增加新产品” 符合语境。 故选 F。 2. G　 根据上文“For those who cook, there is stall upon stall selling fresh seafood, meat products, and a limitless variety of vegetables. ”可知,空处应承接上文继续描述 夜市出售的食材,G 项“干牛肉和咸蛋等干 制和腌制食品在这里也很容易买到”符合语 境,故选 G。 3. E 　 根据上文 “ It is no secret that all night markets share a common treasure—tasty street cuisine. ”以及下文“The ever-popular soybean drink and sugarcane juice are a permanent feature here. ”可知,本段是描述夜市的美食,E 项 “如果不尝尝令人垂涎欲滴的当地菜肴,那 就太遗憾了”符合语境,故选 E。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -646- 参 考 答 案　 4. D　 根据下文“Therefore, it is not a place for the faint-hearted or the gentle. ”可知,空处是 解释夜市不适合胆小或温柔的人的原因,D 项“喧闹的人群是夜市的标志”符合语境,故 选 D。 5. B 　 根据上文 “The night market is truly an exciting experience and a feast for the eyes on a tropical night out. The atmosphere is almost festive. ”可知,此处是总结夜市的一些特点, B 项“有那么多东西要看、要买、要吃”符合 语境,故选 B。 Ⅲ. 语法填空 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。 文章通 过介绍唐人街的基本情况,人口构成以及人们 在唐人街的日常生活,最后得出结论:虽然参 观唐人街与去中国根本不是一回事,但它提供 了一个体验中国社区生活的机会,以及一个享 受中国传统和文化的机会。 1. holds　 考查动词时态和主谓一致。 句意:唐 人街是大城市中的一个地区,拥有大量的中 国人口。 空格处在定语从句中作谓语,根据 主句谓语动词 is 可知,应用一般现在时,先 行词 district 在从句中作主语,谓语动词应用 第三人称单数形式。 故填 holds。 2. destinations　 考查名词复数。 句意:这些地区 往往有主要针对中国人的商店、标志和服务, 这使得其中一些地区成为那些希望体验另一 种文化的人的热门旅游目的地。 根据空格前 的定语 tourist 可知,空格处应填名词作宾语 补足语,结合宾语 some of them 可知,空格处 应填名词的复数形式。 故填 destinations。 3. of　 考查介词。 句意:许多唐人街过去主要 由新移民组成,尽管许多唐人街的居民的家 庭已经在那里生活了几代人。 consist of 为 固定搭配,意为“由……组成”。 故填 of。 4. that　 考查表语从句。 句意:这些地区之所 以对新移民有吸引力,是因为他们可以与他 们认识的、会说母语的人建立联系。 根据空 格前的 is 可知,空格处引导表语从句,只起 到连接句子的作用,在从句中不作成分,应 用从属连词 that 引导从句。 故填 that。 5. a 　 考查冠词。 句意:随着他们获得经济独 立并对周围城市有了更多了解,他们可能会 选择与认识的朋友和邻居待在一起寻求安 慰。 a knowledge of 为 固 定 搭 配, 意 为 “对……的了解”,空格处应填冠词 a。 故 填 a。 6. to stay 　 考查非谓语动词。 句意:随着他们 获得经济独立并对周围城市有了更多了解, 他们可能会选择与认识的朋友和邻居待在 一起寻求安慰。 choose 是谓语动词,其后常 用动词不定式作宾语。 故填 to stay。 7. and　 考查连词。 句意:一些中国人更喜欢 住在唐人街,因为这有助于他们保持自己的 语言和文化,也因为他们可以方便地获得食 物、宗教服务和其他他们习惯的物品。 空格 处连接“ because it helps them keep up their language and culture” 和 “ because they can conveniently access foods, religious services, and other items that they are accustomed to”两 个并列句,应用连词 and 连接。 故填 and。 8. social　 考查形容词。 句意:此外,许多唐人 街都有协会,为会员安排定期活动并提供社 会服务。 根据空格后的名词 services 可知, 空格处应填形容词作定语。 故填 social。 9. culturally　 考查副词。 句意:许多唐人街提 供不同文化的体验。 空格处修饰形容词 different,作 状 语, 应 用 副 词 形 式。 故 填 culturally。 10. going 　 考查非谓语动词。 句意:虽然参观 唐人街与去中国根本不是一回事,但它提 供了一个体验中国社区生活的机会,以及 一个享受中国传统和文化的机会。 空格处 应用动 名 词, 作 介 词 as 的 宾 语。 故 填 going。 课时作业 15　 SPACE EXPLORATION Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述 了大约两年前的几次登月探索证明月球并非 一片干涸,有些月球土壤含有微量的水分子。 但是月球上的水是从哪里来的呢? 通过不断 的探索研究,回答这个问题有助于我们了解月 球的历史和演化。 1. D　 细节理解题。 根据第一段“At least since the first manned missions to the moon in the 1960s and early 1970s, the general belief had been that the moon was totally dry. ”可知,20 世纪 70 年代初以前人们普遍认为月球是干 涸的星球。 故选 D 项。 2. A 　 细节 理 解 题。 根 据 第 二 段 “ Chinese scientists have discovered that minerals in lunar soil might have got water from solar wind, which bombards (轰击) the moon􀆳s surface with hydrogen ions ( 氢 离 子 ), according to a study published in the journal Nature Communication. ” 可知,中国科学家 通过研究发现,月球上的水可能是太阳风导 致的,故选 A 项。 3. A　 细节理解题。 根据最后一段“Because of this, the water content in the Chinese samples has had less time to be influenced by other factors, making these samples ideal for studying the moon􀆳s water. ”可知,中国收集 到的月球土壤样本对研究月球上存在的水 至关重要,是因为它们的含水量受其他因素 影响的时间较少。 故选 A 项。 4. B　 主旨大意题。 根据第一段 “Answering that question can help us understand the moon􀆳s history and evolution, and allow future engineers to potentially use this resource when building a sustainable moon base. ”和最后一 段“Because of this, the water content in the Chinese samples has had less time to be influenced by other factors, making these samples ideal for studying the moon􀆳s water. ” 可知,对月球土壤中水分的研究方兴未艾, 继续深入的研究将对人类进一步了解月球 意义重大,故选 B 项。 B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主 要介绍了科学家对金星的一些研究发现。 5. C　 细节理解题。 根据第二段可知,金星的 气候并不像地球那样温暖,金星的表面和大 气层令人难以忍受:硫酸云覆盖了整个行 星,而在地面上,温度高到足以融化铅。 由 此可知,C 选项“金星有像地球一样温暖的 气候”错误。 故选 C 项。 6. A　 推理判断题。 根据第二段“Despite this, there is now a sign that Venus may harbour life. ”;第三段第一、二句话“ Jane Greaves at Cardiff University, UK, and her colleagues recently detected phosphine ( 磷 化 氢 ) in Venus􀆳s atmosphere, with one potential explanation that it is the by-product of biology. That is because the only way this gas is made on Earth is in laboratories or by microbes(微生物) . ”可推知,在金星上发现 了磷化氢,说明那里可能存在生命的迹象。 故选 A 项。 7. C　 段落大意题。 根据第五段第一句话“ In the months and years to come, computer simulations will be used to further study the possible chemistry of the atmosphere on Venus. ”以及最后一句话“By doing so, we would be able to take direct measurements of phosphine. ”可知,该段主要是关于探索金星 上的磷化氢的方法。 故选 C 项。 8. B　 推理判断题。 根据最后一段第一、二句 话“ The discovery of phosphine in Venus􀆳s atmosphere is a great accomplishment. The scientific efforts may be just what we need to finally refocus on this neglected world. ”可知, 作者认为在金星大气层中发现磷化氢是一 项伟大的成就,因此作者对探索金星的态度 是支持的。 故选 B 项。 Ⅱ. 完形填空 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。 作者通 过回忆自己曾经在父亲的轮胎店工作的经历, 体会到正是那段经历给了自己人生的意义、毅 力和成就感。 1. B 　 根据上文 “What guides my successful teaching career comes from my Dad􀆳s tire shop. ”可知,轮胎店是作者父亲的,因此在 作者上高中的时候,他的父亲买下了轮胎 店。 故选 B。 predicted 预测; purchased 购 买;assessed 评估;abandoned 放弃。 2. C 　 根据下文 “ I 　 3　 to learn and work hard” 可知,作者在汽车方面的经验不足。 故 选 C。 trouble 麻 烦; experiment 实 验; experience 经历,经验;luck 运气。 3. D 　 根据下文 “My main motivation was to have customers 　 4　 him because of my work ethic (职业道德) . ”可知,作者的动力 是希望顾客对自己父亲的店满意,所以他决 心努力学习和工作。 故选 D。 pretended 假 装;promised 承 诺; regretted 后 悔; resolved 决定。 4. C　 根据常理推测,作者的父亲买下了一个 轮胎店,作者为自己的父亲工作,并决定努 力学习,他的动力就是希望顾客能对自己父 亲的店有好评。 故选 C。 get hold of 抓住; tend to 倾向于; think well of 对……高度评 价;get along with 与……友好相处。 5. A　 根据下文“not sitting around chatting with the other guys”以及“After a day at the tire shop, I was often 　 12　 , covered in dirt. ” 可知,作者从不和别人聊天,所以他是在忙 着工作。 故选 A。 engaged 忙于;stressed 有 压力的;quiet 安静的;anxious 担忧的。 6. A　 根据下文“ employment in the tire shop afford life lessons in meaning, perseverance, and fulfillment”可知,这份工作教给了作者 生活的意义、坚持的价值和满足感,所以尽 管工作很累,但是在作者看来这一切都是值 得的。 故选 A。 rewarding 值得做的;simple 简单的; demanding 要求高的; enjoyable 有 趣的。 7. B 　 根据上文“ I had to remove the tires”可 知,作者需要把轮胎卸下来,那么自然要安 装个新的。 故选 B。 deliver 递送; fit 安装; repair 修理;locate 位于。 8. C 　 根据下文“ I well remember times when garbage trucks, full of the morning􀆳s collection, 　 9　 my dad􀆳s lot with a flat tire on the way to the rubbish dump. ”可知,公共 卫生公司是作者父亲店里的常客。 故选 C。 friends 朋 友; partners 搭 档; regulars 常 客; companions 伴侣。 9. D　 根据空后的宾语“my dad􀆳s lot”和作者 需要帮忙换轮胎可知,垃圾车是驶入作者父 亲的轮胎店。 故选 D。 pulled out of 退出; squeezed into 挤进; stopped by 偶然拜访; pulled into 驶入。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -647-