第十二讲 定语从句-(讲义)【红对勾讲与练】2025年高考英语大一轮复习全新方案(人教版2019)

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3+ 第十二讲　 定语从句 P5O 1. ( 2023 · 全 国 乙 卷) But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 　 　 　 　 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 2. (2023·全国甲卷)Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 　 　 　 　 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow. ” 3. (2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America 　 　 　 　 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. 4. ( 2022·全国甲卷) On the 1,100-kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 　 　 　 　 lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. 5. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 　 　 　 　 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 6. (2021·浙江 1 月卷)BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 　 　 　 　 gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. 7. (2021·天津 6 月卷改编) In the spring, a season 　 　 　 　 we are learning new rhythms of life, many of us find comfort in the natural world. 8. (2021·北京卷改编) When you sleep,your brain sorts through everything 　 　 　 　 happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. 9. (2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Because the moon􀆳s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe,China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 　 　 　 　 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. 10. (2020·全国Ⅲ卷) In ancient China lived an artist 　 　 　 　 paintings were almost lifelike. A"1@ 考点一 关系代词的用法 (一)关系代词 that 与 which的用法 1. 只用 that 引导定语从句的情况 ( 1 ) 先 行 词 是 all, much, little, everything, anything,nothing,none 等不定代词时。 If I run into anything that might interest you, I􀆳ll send it your way. 如果我遇到你可能感兴趣的东西,我会把它 寄给你。 (2)先行词被 the only,any,few,no,very 等修 饰时。 After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned. 他家失火后,那辆旧轿车是他唯一的财产了。 (3)先行词是形容词的最高级或序数词或被 形容词最高级、序数词修饰时。 That is the best film that has ever been shown so far in the city. 那是迄今为止在这个城市上映的最好的 电影。 (4)先行词既有人也有物时。 My mother and her old friends talked of persons and things that they remembered in the school. 我母亲和她的老朋友谈论了她们所记得的在 学校里的人和事。 2. 只用 which引导定语从句的情况 (1)先行词为物,引导非限制性定语从句时。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 336 @专题五　 多姿多彩的必备句型 His best movie, which won several awards, was about the life of Gandhi. 他最优秀的电影,就是荣获几项大奖的那一 部,是关于甘地生平的。 (2)先行词为物,关系代词充当介词的宾语, 且介词位于关系代词之前时。 I bought a great many books, on which I spent all my money that I saved. 我买了很多书,这些书花光了我所有的积蓄。 (3)引导的定语从句修饰前面的整个主句,代 替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念时。 She lost the game, which depressed her greatly. 她输了比赛,这使她很沮丧。 (二)which与 as 引导非限制性定语从句的区别 关系词 which as 先行词 名词或句子 只能是句子 位置上 只能放在先行词 的后面 位置灵活,可位于句首、句 中,也可位于句末 搭配上 无动词的限制 谓语动词通常是表示感觉 或心 理 活 动 的 动 词, 如 see, hear, know, expect, remember 等 意思上 这一点 正 如 ……, 正 像 …… 的 那样 She married again, which was unexpected. 她再婚了,这是始料不及的。 She married again, as we expected. 正如我们预料的那样,她再婚了。 [易混辨析] (1) the same􀆺that􀆺与 the same􀆺as􀆺的区别 ①the same􀆺as􀆺表示相似的东西。 This is the same book as he lent me last week. 这和他上星期借给我的那本书属于同一类。 ②the same􀆺that􀆺表示同一人或物。 This is the same book that he lent me last week. 这是他上星期借给我的那本书。 (2)such / so􀆺as􀆺与 such / so􀆺that􀆺的区别 ①such / so􀆺as􀆺引导定语从句,意为“像……那 样”,as 在从句中作主语、宾语等。 This is such an easy question as I can answer. 这是一道我可以回答的简单问题。 ②such / so􀆺that􀆺引导结果状语从句,意为“如 此……以至于……”,that 在从句中不作成分。 This is such an easy question that I can answer it. 这是一道如此简单的问题以至于我都可以 回答。 (三)其他关系代词的用法辨析 关系代词 先行词 在从句中所作成分 who 人 主语、宾语(限制性定语 从句中可省略)、表语 whom 人 宾语(限制性定语从句 中可省略) whose ( = of whom / of which) 人或物 定语 Each graduate standing on the playground, who was accompanied by a parent, would be awarded a diploma by the headmaster. 每个毕业生都由父亲或母亲陪伴着站在操场 上,等待校长给他们颁发毕业证书。 My daughter, whose job requires her to do a lot of travelling, is always away from home. 我的女儿总不在家,她的工作需要经常出差。 3  ———单句语法填空 1. I􀆳m grateful that the assistant responded in a way 　 　 　 　 made me rethink the power of my words. 2. The woman said that her husband had died some months before and that she didn􀆳t have anyone else in her family 　 　 　 　 could help her. 3. First, we went to Mount Tai, 　 　 　 　 is a very famous tourist spot in China. 4. The air quality in the city, 　 　 　 　 is shown in the report, has improved over the past two years. 5. This story about self-respect and self-love, 　 　 　 　 characters are Chinese, is set in Europe. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 337 hh
3+ 考点二 关系副词的用法 关系副词指代的先行词及其作用 关系副词 先行词 在从句中的作用 与“介词 + 关系代词” 的关系 when 表示时间的 名 词: time, day, year 等 作时间状语 相当于 at / in / on / during which where 表示地点的 名 词: park, place, country, city, house 等 作地点状语 相当于 in / at / to / on which why 表示原因的 名词:reason 作原因状语 相 当 于 for which We live in an age when more information is available with great ease than ever before. 我们生活在一个比以往任何时候都更容易获得 更多信息的时代。 Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other. 古代的中国是各诸侯国之间经常发生战争的 地方。 Can you tell me the reason why ( = for which) you are late again? 你能告诉我你又迟到的原因吗? [名师指津] 　 (1) 先行词为抽象名词 point, position, situation, stage, state, case, scene 等 时,其后也常用 where 引导定语从句。 He said if we really got to the point where we needed to use life jackets, he would have already died of terror. 他说如果我们真到了需要用救生衣的地步,他 早就吓死了。 (2) reason 作先行词时,若引导词在从句中作主 语或宾语,定语从句要用 that 或 which 引导。 The boss doesn􀆳t want to hear any reason ( that / which) you give. 老板不想听你所给的任何理由。 (3)当先行词 occasion 意为“时机”时,用关系副 词 when;意为“场合”时,用关系副词 where。 It was the first occasion when they had both found it possible to keep a rendezvous. 他们两人都能赴约,这还是头一遭。 The birth of a New Year is always a special occasion where people gather to celebrate a new beginning brimming with hope and renewal. 新年历来是特别喜庆的日子,人们相聚欢度新 的开始,新的希望。 3  ———单句语法填空 1. The Double Ninth Festival is also a time 　 　 　 　 the chrysanthemum (菊花) blooms. 2. I enjoyed my stay in the library 　 　 　 　 I could read various books I was interested in. 3. The reason 　 　 　 　 all people present are opposed to the project is that it will cause much pollution. 4. She is going to settle in Shanghai, 　 　 　 　 she has some close friends. 5. Next month, 　 　 　 　 we will spend our winter holidays in our hometown, is approaching. 考点三 “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句 (一)“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句的用法 “介词+关系代词”既能引导限制性定语从句,又 能引导非限制性定语从句。 先行词指物时,关 系代词用 which;先行词指人时,关系代词用 whom;关系代词 whose 与所修饰的名词也可同 时放在介词之后。 The USA is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken. 美国是一个大国,有着许许多多不同的方言。 He is the person on whom you can depend. 他是一个你可以信赖的人。 He was the man from whose room the thief had stolen his bag. 他就是被小偷从房间里偷走包的那个人。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 338 @专题五　 多姿多彩的必备句型 (二)“介词+关系代词”结构中介词的确定 1. 根据定语从句中动词、形容词所需要的某种 习惯搭配来确定。 In the dark street, there wasn􀆳t a single person to whom she could turn for help. 在黑暗的街道上,没有一个她可以求助的人。 ( turn to sb. for help) Physics is the subject in which every student in our school is interested. 物理是我们学校每个学生都很感兴趣的课 程。 (be interested in) 2. 根据与先行词搭配的具体含义而定。 I􀆳ll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country. 我永远不会忘记我童年时在乡下度过的那段 时光。 (during the time) 3. 根据所表达的意思来确定。 The colorless gas, without which we can􀆳t live, is called oxygen. 这种无色的气体就是氧气,没有它我们无法 生存。 (三)“介词+关系代词”结构的变式 构成 句法功能 用法指津 名词 ( 代词) + 介 词+关系代词 主语 可转化为 “ whose + 名 词”结构 数词(形容词最高 级,some,many,each 等)+of+关系代词 主语 关系代词只能用 which 或 whom 介词(短语) +关系 代词 状语 关系代词只能用 which 或 whom 且不能省略, 但可与关系副词互换 介词 +关系代词 + 名词 状语 关系代词常用 which 和 whose 介词+关系副词 状语 有时为了表达清楚,还 可 以 在 关 系 副 词 where / when 前加介词 from 或 to Recently, I bought an ancient vase, the price of which was very reasonable. 最近, 我买了一个古代的花瓶, 它的价格很 合理。 He has ten cousins, the youngest of whom is very clever. 他有十个表兄弟,最小的那个很聪明。 They arrived at a farm house, in front of which sat a small boy. 他们来到一处农舍,前边坐着一个男孩。 Lily might possibly come, in which case I􀆳ll ask her. 莉莉可能会来,要是那样的话我就去问她。 There is a big window in my room, from where I can see the railway station. 我的房间有一个大窗户,透过它我可以看到火 车站。 3  ———单句语法填空 1. I􀆳ll never forget the day 　 　 　 　 which we worked together in the countryside. 2. Yesterday we visited the Baotu Spring 　 　 　 　 which Jinan is famous. 3. In the fast moving information age, teenagers should keep pace with the media environment 　 　 　 　 which they communicate with the outside world. 4. This is the student 　 　 　 　 whom I bought the book. 5. For instance, in Lima, the capital of Peru, there are more than 50 Chinese medicine clinics, about 70 percent of 　 　 　 　 were set up by local doctors. 考点四 注意两种区别 (一)限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的 区别 分类 用法 定语 从句 限制性定语从句 对先行词起修饰限制作用 非限制性定语从句 对先行词起补充说明作用。 在非限制性定语从句中,先 行词与定语从句往往用逗号 隔开。 非限制性定语从句相 当于并列句、状语从句等 He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only two sons. ) 他有两个儿子,他们在同一家公司上班。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 339 hh
3+ He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has more than two sons. ) 他有两个儿子在同一家公司上班。 He failed in the match,which was a great pity. (非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面的句子) =He failed in the match,and it was a great pity. 他在比赛中失败了,这真令人遗憾。 (二)定语从句和其他句式的区别 1. 定语从句与并列句 并列句由 and,but,so 等并列连词或两个句子 用分号连接。 并列句中绝对不可再用引导定 语从句的关系词。 (1) I have three cars,none of 　 　 is in good condition. (2) I have three cars,but none of 　 　 is in good condition. 分析:句(1)中 cars 后面是非限制性定语从 句,空格中填关系代词 which;句(2)中有并列 连词 but,题干是并列句,空格中填代词 them。 2. 定语从句与状语从句 (1)定语从句修饰、限制先行词,常放在先行 词的后面,而状语从句说明动作发生的情况, 可以放在主句的前面。 Do you know the time when the meeting was over? (when 引导定语从句) When the meeting was over,it was already five o􀆳clock. (when 引导时间状语从句) (2)when,where 和 why 在引导定语从句时可 以用“介词+which”的结构来替换,在引导状 语从句时则不行。 This is the school where( = in which) I once worked. (where 引导定语从句) Put back the book where it was. (where 引导 状语从句) (3)定语从句中的关系词在从句中充当某种 句子成分,因此去掉之后从句成分不完整;而 状语从句中的连接词在从句中不作任何成 分,去掉后从句的成分仍然完整。 It is such an interesting book as we all like. (as 引导定语从句,作动词 like 的宾语) It is such an interesting book that we all like it. (that 引导结果状语从句,不充当从句的成分) 3. 定语从句与同位语从句 (1)定语从句在复合句中相当于形容词,对先 行词起修饰或限制的作用,与先行词之间有 从属关系。 The suggestion that he came up with is practical. ( that 引导的是定语从句, that 代替 先行词在从句中充当宾语,可省略) (2)同位语从句的作用相当于名词,对前面的 名词给予补充说明或进一步解释,是前面名 词的具体内容,与前面名词之间是同位关系。 He gave me a suggestion that we should read aloud every morning. ( that 引导的是同位语从 句,that 在从句中不作任何成分,但不可省略) "? “四 步 法” 巧 解 定 语 从 句 确定 定语 从句 设空处无提示词;空前的主句完整,空后 的句子不完整;且对设空前的某一名词或 代词起限定作用,就要考虑填定语从句关 系词 分 清 限 制 与 非 限 制 在先行词的后面出现逗号的,是非限制性定 语从句。 注意下面几种情况: ①that 不能引导非限制性定语从句; ②which 引导的非限制性定语从句可代表主 句的全部或部分内容,which 意为“这一点”; ③as 引导非限制性定语从句,可位于句首或 句中,也可位于句末,意为“正如”。 其后的 谓语 动 词 多 是 be seen, be known, be reported, be mentioned, be said, be often the case 等。 判断 所缺 成分, 确定 关系 词 ① 缺少主语:that / which / who; ② 缺少动词的宾语: that / which / who / whom; ③ 缺少介词的宾语:whom / which; ④ 缺少定语:whose; ⑤ 缺少时间、地点或原因状语时,分别用 when, where, why。 寻 找 先 行 词, 判断属 性( 指人还 是指物, 表 时间、 地点 还是原因) ① 先行词指人: that / who / whom / whose; ② 先行词指物: that / which / whose; ③ 表示时间 / 地点 / 原因: when / where / why。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 340 @专题五　 多姿多彩的必备句型 26 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 1. (2024·吉林延边月考)The shapes of Yazhou pottery are inspired directly by objects in daily life, 　 　 　 　 adds to their folk style. In addition, the glaze of Yazhou pottery is also special. 2. (2024·山西大同期末) It is the most difficult reforestation project related to the former coal mines and stone quarries in the area in 　 　 　 　 Zheng has participated. 3. (2024·烟台月考)The Chinese painting brush is mostly made of goat, wolf or fox hair, 　 　 　 　 is suitable for producing brushes that are both soft and stringy (有韧性) . 4. ( 2024 · 潍 坊 期 末) The six greatest 18th- century carved marble (大理石) sculptures in the East Sculpture Hall 　 　 　 　 sustained the most damage will receive conservation treatment. 5. (2023·唐山模拟)Moreover, the majority are mainly the post-80s youth and 90s youth,　 　 　 　 don􀆳t want to visit crowded tourist sites. 6. (2023·成都模拟) I hope acupuncture, with 　 　 　 　 help I recovered, will continue to bring health to other people. 7. (2023·南通如皋模拟)She found out her daughter had been sleeping on the floor in a house 　 　 　 　 dogs and cats moved around, and she worried that older babies might step on her. 8. (2023·浙江三地市二模) Tai chi chuan or Chinese boxing, is an ancient and distinctive Chinese form of exercise 　 　 　 　 is popular throughout the world. 9. (2023·江西八所重点中学模拟)According to official statistics, over 346 million Chinese people have participated in winter sports training, amateur or professional competitions, or winter sports leisure activities, surpassing the goal of 300 million the government set in 2015 　 　 　 　 Beijing won the Olympic bid. 10. ( 2023 · 许 平 汝 联 盟 模 拟) However, it quickly became a Buddhist learning center, 　 　 　 　 Buddhist texts were translated into Chinese to be spread from there to other cities throughout China. Ⅱ. 语篇专练(定语从句) 　 　 A real friend is someone 1. 　 　 　 　 walks in when the rest of the world walks out. A real friend is someone 2. 　 　 　 　 support we can count on. A real friend is someone 3. 　 　 　 　 sees our true self, not just the face 4. 　 　 　 　 we show to the world. Yet these days, the modern tools 5. 　 　 　 　 keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship. We may be able to make many friends online, but these friendships can be quite shallow. Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends 6. 　 　 　 　 we love. Texting and messaging cannot take the place of face-to-face chatting. “ Sharing” our experiences on social media is not enough to express the values 7. 　 　 　 　 matter most to us. “ Liking” our friends􀆳 photos online does not develop the connection 8. 　 　 　 　 we share. To make friends a real part of our lives, we should put down our smartphones and meet them in person. Ⅲ. 写作迁移(正确运用定语从句完成句子) 1. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写)我还记得那是 一个春天的星期一早晨,老师把我叫到他的办 公室,告诉我,我在写作比赛中得了第一名,而 且我是唯一一个母语不是英语的获胜者。 I still remember it was a Monday morning in spring, 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 , telling me that I had taken the first place in the writing contest, and that I was the only winner 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . 2. (2023·全国甲卷书面表达)此外,他还提出 建立国家学制,这对中国的教育制度产生了 深远的影响。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 341 hh
3+ Besides, he proposed the establishment of a national school system, 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . 3. (2023·全国乙卷书面表达)我感到很自豪, 我和我的父母分担家务,这也表明我长大了。 I felt so proud that I shared housework with my parents, 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . 4. (2023·浙江 1 月卷应用文写作)最后,有人 向我介绍了一本关于我们在生活中经常看到 的树的小册子,这使我受益匪浅。 Ultimately, I was introduced to a brochure about trees we usually see in life, 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . 5. (2023·浙江 1 月卷读后续写)不知不觉中, 挤奶房出现在我的视野中,我发现破碎的窗 户已经修好了。 Unknowingly, the milking house appeared in my vision, 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 第十三讲　 名词性从句 P5O 1. (2023·新课标 Ⅱ 卷) They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is 　 　 　 　 they need an English trainer. 2. ( 2022 · 浙江 1 月 卷) Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak 　 　 　 　 she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed. 3. ( 2021 · 新 高 考 Ⅰ 卷 ) Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles􀆳 song “The Long and Winding Road”. 　 　 　 　 is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 4. (2020·浙江 7 月卷)Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on 　 　 　 　 could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. 5. (2020·江苏卷改编) It is not a problem 　 　 　 　 we can win the battle; it􀆳s just a matter of time. A"1@ 在复合句中相当于名词的从句,称为名词性从 句,主要分为主语从句、 宾语从句、表语从句和 同位语从句四类。 名词性从句的引导词及其用 法如下: 类别 引导词 意义 功能 从属连词 that 无意义 不充当成分 whether / if 是否 不充当成分 连接代词 what(ever) (无论)什么 主 语、 宾 语、 表 语、定语 which(ever) (无论)哪一个 主语、宾语、定语 who(ever) (无论)谁 主语、宾语、表语 whom 谁 宾语 whose 谁的 定语 连接副词 when 何时 时间状语 where 哪里 地点状语 why 为何 原因状语 how 如何 方式状语 考点一 主语从句 在句中作主语的从句称为主语从句。 1. 主语从句通常由以上名词性从句引导词 引导。 What many tourists and San Franciscans treasure most about Chinatown is its food. 关于唐人街,许多游客和旧金山人最珍视的 是它的食物。 Every year, whoever makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. 每年,谁做的风筝最漂亮,谁就会在风筝节上 获奖。 2. it 作形式主语 ( 1 ) It + be + 形 容 词 ( necessary / likely / 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 342 参 考 答 案　 专题四　 不可小觑的 “4 类小词” 第九讲　 冠词和介词 􀪋􀪋 高考体验 􀪋􀪋 1. a　 2. by　 3. to / with　 4. the　 5. to 6. for　 7. as　 8. the　 9. the　 10. A 􀪋􀪋 语法精讲 􀪋􀪋 即学即练 1 1. an　 2. a　 3. the　 4. the 即学即练 2 1. on　 2. in　 3. for　 4. to　 5. in 􀪋􀪋 素养提能 􀪋􀪋 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 1. a　 2. With　 3. in　 4. an　 5. as　 6. a　 7. for　 8. an　 9. a　 10. the Ⅱ. 语篇专练(冠词和介词) 1. between　 2. a　 3. for　 4. with 5. The　 6. to　 7. in　 8. in 9. by　 10. from Ⅲ. 写作迁移(正确运用冠词和介词完成 句子) 1. I had won the first prize in the writing contest　 in two days 2. the importance of moral values, respect for elders, and social harmony 3. take up a piano lesson 4. At the award ceremony 　 a certificate of achievement 5. with a mixture of gratitude and excitement 第十讲　 代词和并列连词 􀪋􀪋 高考体验 􀪋􀪋 1. or　 2. their　 3. and　 4. but / yet　 5. and 6. its　 7. and　 8. but　 9. mine　 10. its 􀪋􀪋 语法精讲 􀪋􀪋 即学即练 1 1. them　 2. It　 3. his　 4. yourself 即学即练 2 1. and　 2. or　 3. but　 4. and 􀪋􀪋 素养提能 􀪋􀪋 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 1. or　 2. its　 3. and　 4. but　 5. us 6. and　 7. it　 8. them　 9. it 10. but / yet Ⅱ. 语篇专练(代词和并列连词) 1. It　 2. and　 3. but　 4. them　 5. its Ⅲ. 写作迁移(正确运用代词和并列连词 完成句子) 1. made it 2. not only enhance the program effectiveness but also promote communication and cooperation 3. each other　 but David wouldn􀆳t look at me 4. keep up with the others　 his small body rocking from side to side 5. devote myself to 　 while he developed the scientific model 专题五　 多姿多彩的 必备句型 第十一讲　 状语从句 􀪋􀪋 高考体验 􀪋􀪋 1. because　 2. whether　 3. When / As 4. if / though 􀪋􀪋 语法精讲 􀪋􀪋 即学即练 1. since　 2. that　 3. in　 4. unless 􀪋􀪋 素养提能 􀪋􀪋 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 1. If　 2. when　 3. before　 4. since 5. until　 6. that　 7. As　 8. because 9. While / Although / Though　 10. Whether Ⅱ. 语篇专练(状语从句) 1. Although / Though / While　 2. if 3. When　 4. that　 5. Since　 6. that 7. until　 8. where Ⅲ. 写作迁移(正确运用状语从句完成 句子) 1. whatever difficulties might arise 2. Since my mother is skilled / good at cooking 3. Once we got back home 4. The moment I put the dishes on the table 5. such a role model that 第十二讲　 定语从句 􀪋􀪋 高考体验 􀪋􀪋 1. which / that　 2. as　 3. where　 4. who　 5. that　 6. which / that　 7. when　 8. that　 9. where　 10. whose 􀪋􀪋 语法精讲 􀪋􀪋 即学即练 1 1. that / which　 2. who　 3. which　 4. as　 5. whose 即学即练 2 1. when 　 2. where 　 3. why 　 4. where 　 5. when 即学即练 3 1. on　 2. for　 3. in　 4. for　 5. which 􀪋􀪋 素养提能 􀪋􀪋 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 1. which　 2. which　 3. which　 4. that 5. who　 6. whose　 7. where　 8. that / which 9. when　 10. where Ⅱ. 语篇专练(定语从句) 1. who　 2. whose　 3. who　 4. that 5. that / which　 6. whom / that / who 7. which / that　 8. which / that Ⅲ. 写作迁移(正确运用定语从句完成 句子) 1. when my teacher called me to his office 　 whose native language wasn􀆳t English 2. which had a far-reaching influence on the Chinese educational system 3. which also showed I had grown up 4. which benefited me a lot 5. in which I spotted that the broken window had been repaired 第十三讲　 名词性从句 􀪋􀪋 高考体验 􀪋􀪋 1. why　 2. whether / if　 3. What　 4. what 5. whether 􀪋􀪋 语法精讲 􀪋􀪋 即学即练 1 1. What　 2. whoever　 3. that 4. whether / if　 5. how 即学即练 2 1. that　 2. what　 3. was that he was ill in hospital 　 4. that you are sure to display your talents through this contest 即学即练 3 1. whether　 2. whatever　 3. what 􀪋􀪋 素养提能 􀪋􀪋 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 1. that　 2. when　 3. whether / if　 4. what 5. that　 6. that　 7. what　 8. What 9. how　 10. that Ⅱ. 语篇专练(名词性从句) 1. that　 2. what　 3. Who　 4. whether 5. What　 6. that　 7. how　 8. that　 9. that 10. if / whether Ⅲ. 写作迁移(正确运用名词性从句完成 句子) 1. why I learned how to cook 2. if they had fixed the broken window 3. whatever path his son would like to take 4. whether / if you could do me a favor 5. what happened just now was just a nightmare 第十四讲　 特殊句式 􀪋􀪋 高考体验 􀪋􀪋 1. Observe　 2. that 　 3. had 　 4. treated 　 5. how 􀪋􀪋 语法精讲 􀪋􀪋 即学即练 1 1. that 　 2. it 　 3. that / who 　 4. that 　 5. that 即学即练 2 1. viewing　 2. awarded　 3. to　 4. dealt　 5. not 即学即练 3 1. comes　 2. did　 3. as / though　 4. did 　 5. does 即学即练 4 1. keep　 2. Don􀆳t　 3. How　 4. What 5. is　 6. hasn􀆳t been 􀪋􀪋 素养提能 􀪋􀪋 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 1. encountering　 2. So　 3. came　 4. Had 5. had　 6. to be　 7. will　 8. as / though　 9. how　 10. that Ⅱ. 语篇专练(特殊句式) 1. told　 2. So　 3. that　 4. as / though 5. How　 6. have Ⅲ. 写作迁移(正确运用特殊句式完成 句子) 1. as if rooted to the ground 2. It was at that moment that 3. If interested 4. It was not until some years later that 5. So ashamed was Bryce that 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -623-