课时作业4 Sports and Fitness-(课时作业)【红对勾讲与练】2025年高考英语大一轮复习全新方案(人教版2019)

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3+ 课时作业 4　 SPORTS AND FITNESS Ⅰ. 阅读理解 " (2023·云南高中毕业生统一检测) Lauren Price has come a long way from a taxi driver to an Olympic champion. She pursued her Olympic dream all the way to winning the middleweight gold medal at the Tokyo Games. “ When I look back now, I have to pinch (掐) myself at times, because I still think it􀆳s mad that I won the Olympics,” Price told the media. Raised by her grandparents, she was always encouraged to play sports. “They􀆳ve always backed me. If it wasn􀆳t for them, I wouldn􀆳t have achieved anything,” Price said. Her grandma used to say to her, “Reach for the moon and if you fall short, you􀆳ll land on the stars. ” She began with football. But Price was also a high standard kickboxer and was then talent- scouted by a taekwondo coach before she switched to boxing. “For me the big turning point was as a child being inspired by Kelly Holmes. I remember watching her on TV and I was like, ‘Oh My God, I want to go to the Olympics,’” Price recalled. “ I had that dream over the years. I just worked hard. I believe if you put the effort in, you􀆳ll get to where you want to be. ” When Price was breaking into the Welsh boxing team, funding was extremely limited. So she worked as a driver for a taxi company when she was still a teenager. “ I was training Monday to Thursday and then I was taxi driving Friday and Saturday nights. I􀆳d start work at five pm and I􀆳d finish at four in the morning, picking up all the drunken passengers,” she remembered. That was a different kind of education. “ It􀆳s quite funny now when I look back,” Price smiled. Ultimately, she excelled as a boxer. Price won every major gold medal going, despite the difficulties of competing against bigger opponents outside of her weight class. 1. Which event did Price compete in at the Tokyo Olympics? A. Football. B. Kickboxing. C. Taekwondo. D. Boxing. 2. Who inspired Price to go to the Olympics? A. Her grandmother. B. An athlete. C. A coach. D. A passenger. 3. Which of the following contributed most to Price􀆳s success? A. Determination. B. Luck. C. Education. D. Talent. 4. In which section of a newspaper can we find the text? A. Entertainment. B. Opinion. C. Sports. D. Destinations. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -494- 必修第一册　 3 # (2023·山东菏泽二模) At a hotel, surrounded by teammates, he got the email. “Dear Spencer Heslop,” it read, “you have been invited to participate in the Selection Camp for the US Men􀆳s National Team for 2022. ” The recent graduate from University of Michigan School of Public Health, dreamed of the opportunity to play for the United States since he was seven years old. After he developed a disease that often results in damage to the spinal cord (脊 髓) and nerves, Heslop􀆳s parents pushed him to try wheelchair basketball. By high school, Heslop had played wheelchair basketball on a competitive basketball team. The experience opened his eyes to the world of adaptive sports, which became his favorite. While he was never the biggest or strongest player, Heslop had a feel for the game and a desire to take it further. Faced with many challenges, he worked tirelessly to develop chair skills and conditioning that made him more explosive. “As I applied to graduate school, I knew I would play wherever I was planning to go,” Heslop said. “University of Michigan was near the top of my list academically. I also heard that they were trying to get an adaptive sports program going, and that helped me make my choice. ” University of Michigan Adaptive Sports and Fitness was formed in 2018 to address the inequitable access to physical activity opportunities, competitive and recreational, for students with disabilities at University of Michigan. Since Heslop joined the program in 2020, University of Michigan􀆳s wheelchair basketball team became part of the NWBA􀆳s Division Ⅱ. After leading the team to an 8th-place finish at the NWBA Nationals in April 2022, Heslop participated in the US Men􀆳s National Team Selection Camp where he fought against 30 of the nation􀆳s top athletes and made the final twelve-man roster. This gave the recently graduated young man a better shot at his ultimate goal: playing for his country in the Paralympic Games. 5. What helped Heslop develop his passion for adaptive sports? A. The unexpected disease at seven. B. The email he received at a hotel. C. The University of Michigan he dreamed of. D. The experience in a wheelchair basketball team. 6. Why did Heslop choose University of Michigan? A. He accepted a large sum of scholarship. B. He could join his favorite sports program. C. He was promised a chance to play for the country. D. He was invited to set up Adaptive Sports and Fitness. 7. What is mainly talked about in the last paragraph? A. Heslop􀆳s achievements. B. Heslop􀆳s ultimate goal. C. Heslop􀆳s superior leadership. D. Heslop􀆳s bright future. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -495- hh
3+ 8. Which can best describe Heslop? A. Generous. B. Reliable. C. Creative. D. Determined. Ⅱ. 完形填空 (2023·广东部分学校高三联合模拟) During the Chicago Marathon, thousands of runners were short of breath at the end of the race. 　 1　 , one runner drew everyone􀆳s attention because of his 　 2　 ability to run entire marathons with just 30 percent lung capacity. Russell Winwood was diagnosed with COPD (慢 性 阻 塞 性 肺 疾 病 ) in 2011. 　 3　 , on October 9, 2022, he ran the Chicago Marathon while 　 4　 for the COPD Foundation. Winwood finished the marathon in a time of 6:28:33. That􀆳s a(n) 　 5　 performance if you 　 6　 his terrible lung condition. Although Winwood has got the 　 7　 for the Tokyo Marathon, he hopes to 　 8　 in Berlin in the next couple of years before his doctor finally tells him it􀆳s time to quit. When he was 36, he had a stroke (中风) due to his 　 9　 and unhealthy lifestyle. After he 　 10　 , he decided to get his 　 11　 back. In response, he gave up smoking, cut down on drinking alcohol and 　 12　 sports. As Winwood often got lung infections, he visited a(n) 　 13　 in 2011 to determine the cause. After a series of 　 14　 , Winwood was diagnosed with COPD. Doctors told him he would probably need a lung transplant within five years. It was a big 　 15　 for Winwood, and he then thought he would run marathons around the world and raise money for charities. Now, Winwood is pushing himself onward and inspiring millions with his never-say-die attitude. 1. A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise 2. A. natural B. similar C. incredible D. mysterious 3. A. Surprisingly B. Fortunately C. Strangely D. Secretly 4. A. cheering B. fundraising C. advertising D. volunteering 5. A. academic B. poor C. solid D. disappointing 6. A. record B. doubt C. treat D. consider 7. A. preference B. entry C. regulation D. information 8. A. relax B. live C. compete D. travel 9. A. stress B. injury C. passion D. performance 10. A. appeared B. retired C. finished D. survived 11. A. dignity B. health C. confidence D. property 12. A. took up B. gave up C. observed D. studied 13. A. patient B. coach C. athlete D. doctor 14. A. experiments B. tests C. assumptions D. debates 15. A. coincidence B. breakthrough C. shock D. decision 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -496- 参 考 答 案　 增无减。 由此可知,全文都是围绕虚拟旅游 来写的,B 项“你的下一次度假可能是虚拟 的”最适合作本文的标题。 故选 B 项。 Ⅱ. 阅读七选五 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主 要介绍了一种新的旅行方式———工作交换旅 行及其好处。 1. G 　 根据空前 “Hosts around the world list volunteer opportunities through different work exchange programs. ”可知,这样的旅行方式 范围遍及全世界。 选项 G“You can search by location or for the type of work you􀆳re interested in. ”延续上文内容,认为读者可以 根据地点和兴趣来进行搜索。 故选 G 项。 2. A 　 根 据 上 文 “ And Worldpackers pride themselves on their attention to safety and security. ”以及下文“They also provide a 24 / 7 support network for volunteers and hosts. ” 可知,上下文都介绍了 Worldpackers 具体为 志愿者和东道主所做的事。 选项 A“They carefully check out each potential host. ”与上 下文内容一致。 故选 A 项。 3. C　 空处为段首句,概括本段主要内容。 根 据下文“You can gain new skills in creativity, leadership, languages and more. ... Practically anyone at any age can join a program and travel throughout the year. ”可知,本段主要 讲述了从工作旅行中,你可以得到什么好 处,也就是你选择这种旅行方式的原因。 选 项 C “What are some reasons to do a work exchange?”与下文内容一致。 故选 C 项。 4. B　 空前“Your length of stay depends on your host. It can be from one week to many months. ”指出你停留的时间长短取决于你 的东道主,从一个星期到几个月不等。 空后 “This gives you plenty of free time to explore the area. ”则说你有足够的时间去探索该地 区。 由此判断,空处指的是工作时间。 选项 B“ Typically, you􀆳ll work 20 to 30 hours a week. ”符合语境。 故选 B 项。 5. D 　 根 据 上 文 “ When it comes to work exchange opportunities, the sky􀆳s the limit! You can help on a dairy farm in Ireland. ”以 及下文“Or you might help at a South African surf camp. ”可知,上下文提到的都是工作交 换的 内 容。 选 项 D “ You could work in reception in a Japanese guest house. ”同样提 到的是交换工作的内容,与上下文内容一 致。 故选 D 项。 Ⅲ. 语法填空 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主 要介绍了由六大国宝举办的跨境合作小型音 乐会一夜之间走红,触动了全世界观众的心。 这场迷你音乐会的创意非常成功:在某种程度 上,它提供了一种保护世界文化遗产的中国 方式。 1. touching 　 考查非谓语动词。 句意:由六大 国宝举办的跨境合作小型音乐会一夜之间 走红,触动了全世界观众的心。 句中有谓语 动词 has gone viral,且前后无连词,此处应用 非谓 语 动 词 作 状 语, 主 语 A cross-border cooperation mini concert 和动词 touch 是逻辑 上的主动关系,应用现在分词形式,故填 touching。 2. exceptional 　 考查形容词。 句意:在朗朗上 口的音乐《达拉崩吧》中,来自文物界的六位 “大哥哥”自豪而娴熟地演唱,创造了一个非 凡的场景。 此处应用形容词 exceptional 作 定语,修饰名词 scene,表示“非凡的”,故填 exceptional。 3. blessings　 考查名词的数。 句意:其中,最闪 亮的长信宫灯发出歌声,它手持灯火,为航 天火箭送上祝福;三星堆青铜面具用极其丰 富的面部表情来赞美脱贫攻坚后的美好生 活……此处应用名词 blessing 作宾语,表示 “祝福”,为可数名词,用复数形式表示泛指, 故填 blessings。 4. extremely　 考查副词。 句意:其中,最闪亮 的长信宫灯发出歌声,它手持灯火,为航天 火箭送上祝福;三星堆青铜面具用极其丰富 的面部表情来赞美脱贫攻坚后的美好生 活……此处应用副词 extremely 作状语,修 饰形容词 rich,故填 extremely。 5. housed　 考查非谓语动词。 句意: 国宝不再 是博物馆里冰冷而遥远的物品,而是生动而 幽默的艺人,它们会唱歌,会说话。 句中有 谓语 are,且前后无连词,此处应用非谓语动 词作后置定语,修饰 objects,且动词 house (收藏,存放)和名词 objects 之间是被动关 系,应用过去分词作后置定语,故填 housed。 6. which　 考查定语从句。 句意:中国有许多 博物馆,其中收藏的文物数不胜数。 此处是 “介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句, 先行词为 museums,指物,作介词 in 的宾语, 应用关系代词 which,故填 which。 7. at　 考查介词。 句意:过去几年,科技创新与 文化保护相结合,旨在“为国宝注入生机”。 be aimed at 为固定搭配,意为“旨在”,Aimed at 在句中作状语,故填 at。 8. have been integrated 　 考查时态和语态。 句 意:过去几年,科技创新与文化保护相结合, 旨在“为国宝注入生机”。 此处在句中作谓 语,由 in the past few years 可知,句子用现在 完成时,且主语 scientific and technological innovations 和动词 integrate 是被动关系,应 用现在完成时的被动语态,主语是复数,助 动词为 have,故填 have been integrated。 9. a 　 考查冠词。 句意:这场迷你音乐会的创 意非常成功:在某种程度上,它提供了一种 保护世界文化遗产的中国方式。 success 在 此处是可数名词,表示泛指,意为“一件成功 的事”,应用不定冠词来修饰,且 great 发音 是以辅音音素开头,应用 a,故填 a。 10. to preserve　 考查非谓语动词。 句意:这场 迷你音乐会的创意非常成功:在某种程度 上,它提供了一种保护世界文化遗产的中 国方式。 此处是非谓语动词作后置定语, 修饰名词 way,a / the way to do sth. 为固定 搭配, 意 为 “ 做 某 事 的 方 法 ”, 故 填 to preserve。 课时作业 4　 SPORTS AND FITNESS Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。 文章主 要讲述了拳击手 Lauren Price 一路追求她的奥 林匹克梦想,在东京奥运会上赢得了中量级金 牌的故事。 1. D　 细节理解题。 根据最后一段 Ultimately, she excelled as a boxer. Price won every major gold medal going, despite the difficulties of competing against bigger opponents outside of her weight class. 可知, Price 是一名拳击手,结合第一段 She pursued her Olympic dream all the way to winning the middleweight gold medal at the Tokyo Games. 可知,在东京奥运会上,Price 在拳击 项目上赢得了金牌。 故选 D 项。 2. B　 细节理解题。 根据第五段中“For me the big turning point was as a child being inspired by Kelly Holmes. I remember watching her on TV and I was like, ‘Oh My God, I want to go to the Olympics,’” Price recalled. 可 知,Price 受到了运动员 Kelly Holmes 的启发 决心要参加奥运会,故选 B 项。 3. A　 推理判断题。 根据倒数第二段中 When Price was breaking into the Welsh boxing team, funding was extremely limited. So she worked as a driver for a taxi company when she was still a teenager. “ I was training Monday to Thursday and then I was taxi driving Friday and Saturday nights. I􀆳d start work at five pm and I􀆳d finish at four in the morning, picking up all the drunken passengers,” she remembered. 可知,Price 进 入威尔士拳击队时,资金极其有限,但为了 坚持自己的梦想,她辛苦训练,并努力挣钱, 圆自己的梦想,并结合第一段中 She pursued her Olympic dream all the way to winning the middleweight gold medal at the Tokyo Games. 可知,她一直追求自己的梦想,不管多难都 没有放弃过,由此可推知,追求梦想的决心 是 Price 成功的最大因素。 故选 A 项。 4. C　 推理判断题。 通读全文,尤其是第一段 Lauren Price has come a long way from a taxi driver to an Olympic champion. She pursued her Olympic dream all the way to winning the middleweight gold medal at the Tokyo Games. 可知,文章主要讲述了拳击手 Lauren Price 一路追求她的奥林匹克梦想,在东京奥 运会上赢得了中量级金牌的故事,由此可推 知,我们可以在报纸的体育部分看到本文, 故选 C 项。 B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲 述 Spencer Heslop 患上一种经常导致脊髓和神 经损伤的疾病后打轮椅篮球,在 2022 年 4 月带 领球队在 NWBA 全国比赛中获得第八名后, 他参加了美国男子国家队选拔营,在那里他与 30 名全国运动员进行了竞争,并进入了最后的 12 人名单。 5. D　 细节理解题。 根据第三段的“By high school, Heslop had played wheelchair basketball on a competitive basketball team. The experience opened his eyes to the world of adaptive sports, which became his favorite. ” 可知,让 Heslop 对适应性运动产生了热情的 是在轮椅篮球队的经历。 故选 D 项。 6. B　 推理判断题。 根据第四段的“University of Michigan was near the top of my list academically. I also heard that they were trying to get an adaptive sports program going, and that helped me make my choice. ” 可推知,Heslop 选择密歇根大学是因为他可 以参加他最喜欢的体育项目。 故选 B 项。 7. A　 段落大意题。 根据最后一段的 “After leading the team to an 8th-place finish at the NWBA Nationals in April 2022, Heslop participated in the US Men􀆳s National Team Selection Camp where he fought against 30 of the nation􀆳s top athletes and made the final twelve-man roster. ”可知,最后一段主要 讨论了 Heslop 所取得的成就。 故选 A 项。 8. D　 推理判断题。 根据第三段的“Faced with many challenges, he worked tirelessly to develop chair skills and conditioning that made him more explosive. ”可知,面对许多挑战, 他孜孜不倦地学习椅子技巧和调节,使他更 具爆发力。 据此判断 Heslop 是有决心的。 故选 D 项。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -637- hh
3+ Ⅱ. 完形填空 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。 文章讲 述了患有慢性阻塞性肺疾病的 Winwood 参加 马拉松比赛并为慈善机构筹集资金的故事。 1. A 　 由上文“During the Chicago Marathon, thousands of runners were short of breath at the end of the race. ”和下文“one runner drew everyone􀆳s attention...”可知,前后句之间为转 折 关 系。 故 选 A。 A. However 然 而; B. Therefore 因 此; C. Moreover 此 外; D. Otherwise 否则。 2. C 　 根 据 后 文 “ with just 30 percent lung capacity”及语境可知,他在整个马拉松比赛 中的肺活量只有 30%,这是令人难以置信 的。 故选 C。 A. natural 自然的;B. similar 相 似的;C. incredible 不可思议的;D. mysterious 神秘的。 3. A 　 根 据 上 文 “ Russell Winwood was diagnosed with COPD(慢性阻塞性肺疾病) in 2011. ”以及后文“on October 9, 2022, he ran the Chicago Marathon”可知,令人惊讶的 是,在 2022 年 10 月 9 日,他跑了芝加哥马 拉松。 故选 A。 A. Surprisingly 令人吃惊 地,出 乎 意 料 地; B. Fortunately 幸 运 地; C. Strangely 奇怪地;D. Secretly 秘密地。 4. B 　 根 据 后 文 “ he would run marathons around the world and raise money for charities”可知,参加马拉松是为了筹款。 故 选 B。 A. cheering 加油;B. fundraising 筹款; C. advertising 打广告;D. volunteering 志愿 服务。 5. C 　 根 据 上 一 句 “ Winwood finished the marathon in a time of 6:28:33. ”和下文“ if you 　 6　 his terrible lung condition”可知, 他表现得很不错。 故选 C。 A. academic 学 术的;B. poor 差的;C. solid 相当不错的; D. disappointing 令人失望的。 6. D　 句意:如果你考虑到他糟糕的肺部状况, 这是一个很不错的表现。 故选 D。 A. record 记 录; B. doubt 怀 疑; C. treat 对 待; D. consider 考虑。 7. B　 根据后文“ the Tokyo Marathon”可知,他 获得了东京马拉松的参赛资格。 故选 B。 A. preference 偏爱;B. entry 参赛资格,进入; C. regulation 规则;D. information 信息。 8. C　 根据后文“ in Berlin in the next couple of years”可知,他希望在接下来的几年里参加 柏林的比赛。 故选 C。 A. relax 放松;B. live 居住;C. compete 参加比赛,竞争;D. travel 旅行。 9. A 　 根据后文“ and unhealthy lifestyle”及语 境可知,中风的原因是压力和不健康的生活 方式。 故选 A。 A. stress 压力;B. injury 受 伤;C. passion 激情;D. performance 表演。 10. D　 根据后文“he decided to get...”可知,他 从中风中活了下来。 故选 D。 A. appeared 出现; B. retired 退 休; C. finished 结 束; D. survived 活下来。 11. B　 上文提到了他中风,所以是决定恢复健 康。 故选 B。 A. dignity 尊严;B. health 健 康;C. confidence 自信;D. property 财产。 12. A 　 结合后文 sports 以及他参加马拉松可 知,他参加体育运动来恢复健康。 故选 A。 A. took up 开始从事; B. gave up 放 弃; C. observed 观察;D. studied 学习。 13. D　 根据前文“As Winwood often got lung infections”及后文“ in 2011 to determine the cause”可知,此处指去看医生来确定病因。 故选 D。 A. patient 病人; B. coach 教练; C. athlete 运动员;D. doctor 医生。 14. B　 根据后文“Winwood was diagnosed with COPD”可知,检查发现他被诊断出患有慢 性阻塞性肺病。 故选 B。 A. experiments 实 验; B. tests 检 查; C. assumptions 假 设; D. debates 辩论。 15. C 　 根据前文“Doctors told him he would probably need a lung transplant within five years. ”可知,医生告诉他五年内需要肺移 植。 这 是 一 个 巨 大 的 打 击。 故 选 C。 A. coincidence 巧合;B. breakthrough 突破; C. shock 打击,震惊;D. decision 决定。 课时作业 5　 NATURAL DISASTERS Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。 文章主 要讲述了 Triplett 在暴风雪后组织朋友对当地 受灾儿童进行捐赠的故事。 1. B　 细节理解题。 根据第二段“ Triplett—a Mayfield resident and a former soldier—was in Chicago that Friday night. Alarmed by the weather reports, his wife and two young children went to stay in a hotel of the nearby town, Paducah, without suffering the storms and ultimately out of the path of the tornadoes (龙卷风) . ”可知,作为当地居民的他们却安 全的原因是灾难发生之际都没有回到受灾 区。 故选 B 项。 2. D　 细节理解题。 根据第三段“That night, the two returned to shelters where they saw many suffered families including one woman comforting her son over their lost Christmas. ” 可知,当晚 Triplett 回到避难所后看到了许 多灾民,其中一位母亲正在抚慰因无法庆祝 圣诞节而伤心的儿子,让他镇静下来。 故选 D 项。 3. D　 细节理解题。 根据第四段“Noticing that supplies available were essentials such as generators (发电机) and bottled water, he turned to his friends on social media for donations so that he could go to Walmart and purchase toys and gifts for the kids. ”以及“He was able to return the following day and another ＄ 6,000 was spent on toys and board games, he said. ”可知,Triplett 给灾区儿童 们的捐赠物主要是玩具、棋盘游戏等娱乐用 品。 故选 D 项。 4. C 　 推理 判 断 题。 根 据 第 三 段 “ Able to return home the next morning, Triplett was shocked by how the town was destroyed and wanted to help however he could. ” “ That night, the two returned to shelters where they saw many suffered families including one woman comforting her son over their lost Christmas. ”以及最后一段 “ He credits the kindness of everyone who tried to help and get families back on their feet right before the holidays. ”可知,Triplett 看到了避难所的景 象并为之动容,从而决定组织捐赠。 据此推 断,Triplett 是富有同情心的且热心肠的人。 故选 C 项。 B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主 要介绍了极地涡旋会给人类的生命财产带来 巨大的威胁,但是好在人类已采取有效措施抵 御冬季风暴。 5. C　 词义猜测题。 根据第一段最后一句中的 “with companies unable to tell their customers when power will be restored”可知,公司无法 告知客户电力何时恢复。 据此可知,outages 意为“断电”之意。 故选 C 项。 6. B 　 细节理解题。 根据第二段最后两句 “They are kept in place at the poles by another atmospheric current called the jet stream. However, when the jet streams weaken, the cold winds of the polar vortex are pushed southwards and it is during this time that people begin to pay attention!”可知,极涡受 到急流的影响。 故选 B 项。 7. D 　 段落大意 题。 根 据 倒 数 第 二 段 “ In Texas, roads froze over, causing six traffic deaths, and many schools were shut down. People are not the only Earthlings to struggle with the cold. Crops and animals are also freezing. This could have major consequences, especially if herds of cattle die. If snow blocks cattle, the animals can􀆳t reach basic necessities like food and fresh water. ” 可知,本段主要讲述了极地涡旋造成的严重 影响。 故选 D 项。 8. D 　 细节理解题。 根据最后一段第三句 “Amarillo is notable because the city was redesigned to stand up to severe winter storms. (阿马里洛之所以引人注目,是因为这座城 市经过了重新设计,以抵御严重的冬季风 暴。)”可知,阿马里洛引人注目是因为它已 采取有效措施抵御冬季风暴。 故选 D 项。 Ⅱ. 阅读七选五 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。 文章提 供了一些在飓风天气下加强家庭安全的方法。 1. G　 根据前文“The hurricane season can be wild and unpredictable. ” 和 后 文 “ Here are some ways you can beef up your home security in hurricane weather, even if you need to move out. ”可知,此处是指飓风会对生命财 产造成损害,选项 G. These dangerous storms can bring damage to your home and belongings. 符合文意。 故选 G。 2. D　 根据后文“That actually does nothing to ensure your safety in the powerful winds. ”可 知,that 是指前文中提到了人们面对飓风的 保护措施,选项 D. You may see people taping windows before a hurricane comes. 符合文意。 故选 D。 3. E　 根据后文“Any storm water that is kept out of your home is storm water that won􀆳t be able to damage the belongings inside your home, so sandbags are well worth having at your doorways during a hurricane. ”可知,此 处是指沙袋可以把雨水挡在外面,选项 E. They will be able to effectively keep storm water out in many cases. 符合文意。 故选 E。 4. C　 根据前文“Trim (修剪) trees, especially dead branches, to prevent anything else that could fly through a window and cause damage during a hurricane. ”可知,此处是指防止庭 院里有松动的东西被吹到屋子里造成破坏, 选项 C. Making sure nothing is loose in your yard is important. 符合文意。 故选 C。 5. F 　 根据前文“You should also take pictures of expensive items like electronics and keep notes of their serial numbers. ”可知,此处是指 给昂贵的物品拍照并记下它们的序列号有 助于向保险公司申请赔偿,选项 F. It will aid with your insurance company if anything needs to be replaced. 符合文意。 故选 F。 Ⅲ. 语法填空 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。 文章 主要介绍中国救援队在土耳其地震灾区救援 的情况。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 -638-