内容正文:
必修一 UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS(学案)
Section II Discovering Useful Structures
2022年课程标准
学习目标
单元主题语境是运动与健康,归属于“历史、社会与文化”主题群,主题语境的内容要求为“体育活动、大型体育赛事、体育与健康、体育精神”。
1. 使用恰当的表达邀请他人观看某项体育比赛,并回应他人的邀请(接受/拒绝);
2. 介绍自己心中的体育传奇人物,讲述其事迹,总结从其身上学会的做人做事的道理;
3. 了解冬奥会的相关信息,推荐一项可以申请加入奥运会的体育项目,并说明理由;
4. 通过分析体育运动员的行为,引发对体育精神的思考,培养批判性和创新思维能力;
5. 学会运用对比的方法描述自己运动前后的身体及心理变化,对自己的健康状况进行反思,培养批判性思维;
6. 关注健康,树立运动的意识,形成正确的健康观。
读下列教材原句并感知黑体部分的共性。
1.It's not a real sport, is it?
2.That sounds interesting, doesn't it?
3.Hi! It's a beautiful day, isn't it?
4.By the way, our school soccer team won at last, didn't they?
5.The Sports Day is coming soon, isn't it?
我的发现:
附加疑问句由两部分组成,前一部分是一个(1)_____陈述句______,后一部分是一个简短的(2)___问句___。前后两部分的人称和动词(3)___时态_要保持一致,并遵循“前肯定后否定,(4)____前否定后肯定”的原则。
附加疑问句又称反意疑问句,主要用于口语,其作用是说话人向对方验证自己的陈述或者判断,也可以用于祈使句表示请求或者建议。
探究点1: 附加疑问句的一般结构
陈述句(主语+谓语……),+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语(代词形式)?
陈述句部分如果是肯定句, 其附加疑问句部分用否定式提问(助动词/情态动词/be动词+not); 如果陈述句部分是否定句, 其附加疑问句部分用肯定式提问。
组成
例句
肯定式陈述部分+否定附加疑问部分
You like TF boys, don’t you?
She likes playing basketball, doesn’t she?
否定式陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分
It’s not a real machine, is it?
She wasn’t a good teacher, was she?
含有否定词的陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分
She hardly does Chinese exercises, does she?
Nobody knew the true reason, did it?
祈使句+附加疑问部分
Don’t swimming here, will you?
Come here and sit down, will you?
Let’s do some housework, shall we?
Let us do some housework, will you?
【名师点津】
1. 陈述部分含有never、hardly、seldom、no、nothing、nobody、neither、few、little等表示否定或半否定意义的词时,附加疑问部分用肯定形式。
Nothing will change his discussion,will it?
He seldom came here,did he?
2. 陈述部分用了带否定前缀或后缀的词时,仍看做肯定,附加疑问部分用否定形式。
He dislikes music,doesn't he?
探究点2: 附加疑问句的回答
附加疑问句的使用场景是说话者向对方验证自己的陈述或者判断,或者在祈使句中表达请求或者建议,这种表达方式在我们口语中非常不常见,因为我们汉语语系很少会向对方验证自己的观点,这是因为很多人说话要么很绝对,要么没底气,如果能把英语的附加疑问句学好,并灵活运用于我们的日常对话中,无论在我们中文对话中还是英语对话中都会显得很谦虚、很地道。
肯定句的附加疑问句:
标准公式:—肯定句,否定附加疑问句?
—Yes,主语 + 助动词.(是 + 肯定回答);No,主语 + 助动词否定.(不 + 否定回答)
e.g. -Lily played League of Legends in her university, didn’t she?李丽在她大学期间玩游戏,是吗?
-Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t.是的,她玩过。/ 不是,她没玩过。
否定句的附加疑问句:
标准公式:—否定句,肯定附加疑问句?
—Yes,主语 + 助动词.(不 + 肯定回答);No,主语 + 助动词否定.(不 + 否定回答)
e.g.-Lucy isn’t a good girl, is she? 露西不是一个好女孩,是吗?
-Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t. 不,她是。/ 是,她不是。
e.g. -The match between two schools won’t be held in June 2021, will it?
两个学校间的比赛将不会再2021年6月举办,是吗?
-Yes, it will. / No, it won’t.
不,它会。/ 是,它不会。
祈使句的附加疑问句用法同上
探究点3:附加疑问句中主语的用法
1.当陈述部分的主语是表示物的不定代词something、anything、nothing、everything时,附加疑问部分的主语用it.
Everything has gone wrong today,hasn't it?
2.当陈述部分的主语是表示人的不定代词everyone、everybody、anyone、anybody、no one、someone、somebody时,附加疑问部分的主语常用they.
Everyone worked hard for it,didn't they?
No one knows that singer,do they?
3.当陈述部分的主语含指示代词this、that、those、these时,附加疑问部分的主语用相应的人称代词,即this、that对应用it,those、these对应用they.
This/that book belongs to you,doesn't it?
These/those books are yours,aren't they?
4.当陈述部分的主语是指人的one时,附加疑问部分的主语用one或you.
One has a duty to serve the people,doesn't one/don't you?
探究点4:特殊句型的附加疑问句
1.陈述部分含有must的时候,附加疑问部分的处理分三种情况:
A.陈述部分中的must表示“必须”时,附加疑问部分用mustn't.
We must turn in the report tomorrow,mustn't we?(必须)
B.陈述部分中的must表示“有必要”时,附加疑问部分用needn't.
We must drink more water to prevent illness,needn't we?(有必要)
C.陈述部分中的must表示“一定、肯定”的推测时,附加疑问部分通常要根据陈述部分表达的意思,借助相应的be动词或助动词:
a.如果陈述部分表示对现在情况的推测(must be、must have、must know等),附加疑问部分借助于be动词或助动词;
Tom must be in danger,isn't he?(一定,对现在的推测)
b.如果陈述部分表示对过去情况的推测(must have done),附加疑问部分用表示一般过去时的助动词did;
It must have rained last night,didn't it?(一定,对过去的推测)
c.如果陈述部分表示对已经完成的情况的推测(must have done),附加疑问部分用表示现在完成时的助动词have/has.
He must have studied English for many years,hasn't he?(一定,对已经完成的情况的推测)
3. 如果陈述部分是一个含有that引导的宾语从句的主从复合句时,附加疑问部分一般要与主句保持一致;但是当陈述部分是“I am sure/am afraid/think/suppose/believe...加宾语从句”结构时,附加疑问部分要与宾语从句保持一致,而且要注意宾语从句部分的否定转移现象(从句的否定转移到主句中)。
He said that the key was lost,didn't he?
I don't believe he cares about clothes,does he?(宾语从句的否定转移到主句中)
4. 如果陈述部分是并列句,附加疑问部分遵循就近原则,通常和后面的分句保持一致。
I like apples,but my mother likes bananas,doesn't she?
5. 陈述部分是肯定祈使句时,附加疑问部分一般用will you/won't you/can you/can't you;
陈述部分是否定祈使句时,附加疑问部分一般用will you.
Come and join us, will/won't/can/can't you?
Don't open the window,will you?
6. 陈述部分是以Let's开头的祈使句时,附加疑问部分用shall we;
陈述部分是以Let us或Let me开头的祈使句时,附加疑问部分用will you.
Let's go home together,shall we?
Let us/me go home,will you?
7. 陈述部分是There be句型或其变体时,附加疑问部分的“主语”用there,附加疑问部分的be动词/助动词/情态动词要和There后的动词保持一致。
There are no living things on the moon,are there?
There stands a big tree behind the house,doesn't there?
8. 陈述部分含有had better时,附加疑问部分用hadn't或shouldn't.
You had better turn to your teacher when in trouble,hadn't/shouldn't you?
9. 当陈述部分是以I am开头时,附加疑问部分用aren't I,在正式用语中,也会用am I not;
当陈述部分是以I am not开头时,附加一疑问部分用am I.
I'm tired,aren't I?
I'm not tired,am I?
1、 反意疑问句
1.Few people in America knew the poor village, they? (变成反意疑问句)
【答案】did
【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意:在美国很少有人知道这个贫穷的村庄,是吗?反意疑问句的构成是:前肯后否,前否后肯;如果句子中有半否定词few,little,seldom,hardly和全否定词nothing,never等时,反问部分为肯定;该句属于前否后肯,时态是一般过去时,助动词用did,故答案为:did。
2.She must be a good English teacher, ?(用适当的词填空)
【答案】isn’t she
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意:她一定是一位很好的英语老师,不是吗?此处为反意疑问句,主句是肯定句,反意疑问句应用否定,当陈述部分含有情态动词时,反意疑问句通常会重复前面同样的情态动词,但是当情态动词为must时,且must表示推测时,反意疑问句需要根据must后面的动词结构采取相应的动词形式,主语是she,be动词应用is,故填isn’t she。
3.Don’t refer to your notes when answering questions, you? (用适当的词填空)
【答案】will
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意:回答问题时不要看笔记,好吗?此处是反意疑问句,陈述部分是祈使句的否定式,疑问部分用“will you”,故填will。
4.I am sure that you’ve done jumping Jacks, . (用适当的词填空)
【答案】haven’t you
【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意:我肯定你做过开合跳,是吗?观察题干可知,空格处是反义疑问句,I am sure that后的反义疑问句根据that从句中的客观事实来定,遵循前肯后否的原则,由you’ve可知,空格处是haven’t you。故填haven’t you。
5.Let’s go and listen to music, . (附加疑问句)
【答案】shall we?
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意:让我们去听音乐,好吗?祈使句为Let’s+动词原形时,反意疑问句用shall we。故填shall we。
6.We can play football, we?
【答案】can’t
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意:我们可以踢足球,不是吗?反意疑问句主要形式之一:陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式。根据空前的can play可知,疑问部分用情态动词can,且用否定形式。故填can’t。
7.That sounds interesting, it? (用适当的词填空)
【答案】doesn’t
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意:听起来很有趣,不是吗?反意疑问句主要形式之一:陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式。根据空前的sounds可知,疑问部分用一般现在时,且用否定形式,且结合空后的it可知,助动词用doesn’t。故填doesn’t。
8.He isn’t coming, he ?
【答案】is
【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意:他不来了,是吗? 分析句子的结构可知,设空处为反义疑问句,采取“前否后肯,前否后肯”的原则,其结构为:be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语。空前为isn’t,设空处应为肯定。故填is。
9.You forgot to book a room in advance, you? (用适当的词填空)
【答案】didn't
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意:你忘记提前预定房间了,是吗?分析句子 ,设空处与you构成反意疑问句的结构,根据前文的forgot可知,句子为一般过去时,同时反意疑问句符合“前肯后否”的原则。故填didn't。
10.I don’t expect you can finish the work in three days, ? (用适当的词填空)
【答案】 can you
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意:我不指望你能在三天内完成这项工作,是吗?此处反意疑问句的陈述部分为I expect + that从句时,问句部分的动词及主语与that从句内的动词和主语保持一致,且此处为宾语从句的否定转移,从句为否定,反意疑问句应用肯定,用can you。故填can you。
11.Let’s look at these views in more detail, we? (用适当的词填空)
【答案】shall
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意:让我们更详细地看一下这些观点,好吗?分析句子结构,Let’s用于表示征求对方的意见时,附加部分应使用shall we,故填shall。
12.These athletes have won championship in many sports events, ?(附加疑问句)
【答案】 haven’t they
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意:这些运动员在许多运动项目中赢得了冠军,不是吗?反意疑问句的构成是:陈述部分+疑问部分,陈述部分为肯定形式,反意疑问句部分为否定形式,助动词have的否定形式是haven’t,主语为these athletes,对应的人称代词为they。故填①haven’t;②they。
13.We should win not only gold medals but also honour and glory for our country, ?(附加疑问句)
【答案】 shouldn’t we
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意:我们不仅应该赢得金牌,还应该为我们的国家赢得荣誉和光荣,不是吗?反意疑问句遵循前肯后否,前否后肯的原则,本句有情态动词should,用should的否定式进行反问。故填①shouldn’t;②we。
14.Gymnastics has been one of her favorite sports events since childhood, ?(附加疑问句)
【答案】 hasn't it
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意:体操是她从小就喜欢的运动项目之一,不是吗?反意疑问句是前肯后否,前否后肯的原则,前面的助动词是has,主语Gymnastics是事物单数,用it代替,故填hasn't;it。
15.There will be badminton match in the new stadium, ?(附加疑问句)
【答案】 won’t there
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意:在新体育场将有一场羽毛球比赛,不是吗?There be句型的反意疑问句部分为,be/情态动词/助动词+there,陈述句为一般将来时,助动词用will,陈述句部分是肯定形式,疑问句部分为否定形式won’t。故填①won’t;②there。
16.You used to see her a lot, you? (用适当的词填空)
【答案】usedn’t/didn’t
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意:你过去常见她,不是吗?含有used to的陈述句的反意疑问句用usedn’t或didn’t进行意问。故填usedn’t/didn’t。
17.Everybody knows what happiness means, ? (用适当的附加疑问句填空)
【答案】doesn’t he/don’t they
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意:每个人都知道幸福意味着什么,不是吗?反意疑问句的构成是前肯,后否。陈述部分的主语为 somebody, nobody, anybody, everybody时,反义问句主语用they,有时用he。句中陈述部分是Everybody knows,疑问部分要用doesn’t he/don’t they,故填doesn’t he/don’t they。
18.Have a little more coffee, you? (用适当的词填空)
【答案】will/won’t
【详解】考查祈使句的反义疑问句。句意:请再喝点咖啡,好吗?祈使句表示邀请时,反意疑问句可以用won’t you,也可以用will you。故填will/won’t。
19.They will leave for Beijing tomorrow night, they? (用适当的词填空)
【答案】won’t
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意:他们明天晚上去北京,是吗?分析句子结构可知,本句是反意疑问句句型,陈述句部分是肯定句,所以疑问句部分应用否定句。故填won’t。
20.It must be he that has stolen Mr. Smith’s purse, it? (用适当的词填空)
【答案】isn’t
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意:一定是他偷了史密斯先生的钱包,对吗? 强调句型的反意疑问句,现在或将来用isn’t it? 过去用wasn’t it? 根据must be和句意可知,是对现在事情的推测,所以用一般现在时。故填isn’t。
21.There are no museums in our city, ? (完成句子)
【答案】are there
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意:我们城市没有博物馆,是吗?分析句子结构可知,此处应为反意疑问句,陈述句为否定句,且为there be句形,所以反意疑问句部分为肯定句,疑问句语序,即把are放在句首。故填are there。
22.There is little water in the cup, ? (完成句子)
【答案】is there
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意:杯子里几乎没有水,是吗?分析句子结构可知,此处应为反意疑问句,陈述句为否定句,且为there be句形,所以反意疑问句部分为肯定句,疑问句语序,即将is放在句首。故填is there。
23.You don’t think he will come today, ?(反意疑问句)
【答案】will he?
【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意:你认为他今天不会来,是吗?分析句子结构,主句You don’t think he will come today为否定迁移句子,在含有I think (believe,suppose ...)that ...结构的句子中,其反意疑问句的肯定与否定形式看主句,反意疑问部分的主谓形式,须与从句的主语、谓语保持一致。故填will he。
24.Joe can speak English and French very well, he? (用适当的词填空)
【答案】can’t
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意:Joe能说英语和法语,难道不是吗?根据前文的情态动词can可知,此处反意疑问应用否定形式can’t,故填can’t。
25.You must have studied English for many years, ? (用适当的词填空)
【答案】haven’t you
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意:你一定学了很多年英语,对吧?根据反意疑问句“前肯后否,前否后肯”的原则可知,空处需要用否定形式; 当must用来表示对过去的情况进行推测时,如果强调动作的完成,则反意疑问句部分要用haven't/hasn't+主语,主语为You,反意疑问句需要保持一致。故填haven't you。
2、 语法填空
Shuttlecock (毽子) kicking is a traditional popular folk game, 36 (date) as far back as the Han Dynasty.The fun game gained popularity during the Tang Dynasty, when 37 (store) specializing in the shuttlecock business appeared. In the Qing Dynasty, shuttlecock kicking reached its peak in terms of both making techniques and kicking skills.
To make a feather shuttlecock, a piece of cloth wrapped around a coin 38 (need). Through the coin hole you can stick some feathers, 39 function is to delay the rising and falling of the shuttlecock.
There 40 (be) a great number of variations in styles and methods of kicking. With one leg fixed on the ground, the shuttlecock is kicked by the inner ankle of 41 other. Some other styles include kicking the shuttlecock backwards and forwards between two people. Those who advance to a high level of mastery can perform some actions that are 42 (fair) wonderful. The challenge of the increasingly difficult levels of shuttlecock kicking has made it a popular and timeless game among Chinese children.
Playing with shuttlecocks is 43 (benefit) to health. When people are kicking shuttlecocks, various parts of the body need to work together, which enhances balance capabilities and physical flexibility and helps them strengthen their legs. Besides, shuttlecock kicking is convenient 44 (play). It can be practiced just about anywhere and anytime.
Since the establishment of the Chinese Shuttlecock Kicking Association in 1987, the national shuttlecock kicking tournament has been held annually, appealing 45 people of all ages.
【答案】36.dating 37.stores 38.is needed 39.whose 40.are 41.the 42.fairly 43.beneficial 44.to play 45.to
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了踢毽子是一项传统的民间运动,以及它的起源和发展。
36.考查非谓语动词。句意:踢毽子是一项传统的民间运动,可以追溯到汉代。分析句子可知,此处为非谓语动词作状语,date和逻辑主语Shuttlecock kicking为主动关系,所以为现在分词形式。故填dating。
37.考查名词复数形式。句意:这种有趣的游戏在唐代开始流行,当时专门从事毽子生意的商店出现了。store为可数名词,意为“商店”,结合句意可知,此处应为名词复数形式。故填stores。
38.考查动词时态和语态。句意:要制作羽绒毽子,需要用一块布包裹一枚硬币。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词的填入,主语a piece of cloth wrapped around a coin和动词need为被动关系,结合句意可知,该句为陈述客观事实,所以为一般现在时。故填is needed。
39.考查定语从句。句意:通过硬币孔可以插入一些羽毛,其作用是延缓毽子的起落。分析句子可知,此处为关系代词whose引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词some feathers在从句中作function的定语成分。故填whose。
40.考查主谓一致。句意:踢腿的风格和方法有很多变化。分析句子可知,该句为There be句型,其谓语动词遵循主谓一致的就近原则,主语a great number of variations为复数意义名词,所以为动词复数形式,讲述事实用一般现在时。故填are。
41.考查冠词。句意:一只脚固定在地面上,用另一只脚的内侧脚踝踢毽子。分析句子可知,此处为冠词the,构成the other,特指“另一只脚”,所以此处为定冠词the的填入。故填the。
42.考查副词。句意:那些提升到精通水平的人可以做一些相当精彩的动作。由副词修饰形容词可知,此处为副词fairly作状语修饰形容词wonderful,满足句意要求。故填fairly。
43.考查动词短语。句意:踢毽子有益于健康。分析句子可知,此处为动词短语be beneficial to“对……有益”,满足句意要求。故填beneficial。
44.考查动词不定式。句意:此外,踢毽子也很方便。分析句子可知,此处为固定短语be adj+ to do“做某事是怎样的”,所以此处为动词不定式形式作状语。故填to play。
45.考查介词。句意:自1987年中国踢毽球协会成立以来,每年都举办全国踢毽球比赛,吸引了各个年龄段的人们。分析句子可知,此处为动词短语appeal to“吸引”,满足句意要求,所以此处为介词to的填入。故填to。
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必修一 UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS(学案)
Section II Discovering Useful Structures
2022年课程标准
学习目标
单元主题语境是运动与健康,归属于“历史、社会与文化”主题群,主题语境的内容要求为“体育活动、大型体育赛事、体育与健康、体育精神”。
1. 使用恰当的表达邀请他人观看某项体育比赛,并回应他人的邀请(接受/拒绝);
2. 介绍自己心中的体育传奇人物,讲述其事迹,总结从其身上学会的做人做事的道理;
3. 了解冬奥会的相关信息,推荐一项可以申请加入奥运会的体育项目,并说明理由;
4. 通过分析体育运动员的行为,引发对体育精神的思考,培养批判性和创新思维能力;
5. 学会运用对比的方法描述自己运动前后的身体及心理变化,对自己的健康状况进行反思,培养批判性思维;
6. 关注健康,树立运动的意识,形成正确的健康观。
读下列教材原句并感知黑体部分的共性。
1.It's not a real sport, is it?
2.That sounds interesting, doesn't it?
3.Hi! It's a beautiful day, isn't it?
4.By the way, our school soccer team won at last, didn't they?
5.The Sports Day is coming soon, isn't it?
我的发现:
附加疑问句由两部分组成,前一部分是一个(1)___________,后一部分是一个简短的(2)______。前后两部分的人称和动词(3)___要保持一致,并遵循“前肯定后否定,(4)____”的原则。
附加疑问句又称反意疑问句,主要用于口语,其作用是说话人向对方验证自己的陈述或者判断,也可以用于祈使句表示请求或者建议。
探究点1: 附加疑问句的一般结构
陈述句(主语+谓语……),+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语(代词形式)?
陈述句部分如果是肯定句, 其附加疑问句部分用否定式提问(助动词/情态动词/be动词+not); 如果陈述句部分是否定句, 其附加疑问句部分用肯定式提问。
组成
例句
肯定式陈述部分+否定附加疑问部分
You like TF boys, don’t you?
She likes playing basketball, doesn’t she?
否定式陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分
It’s not a real machine, is it?
She wasn’t a good teacher, was she?
含有否定词的陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分
She hardly does Chinese exercises, does she?
Nobody knew the true reason, did it?
祈使句+附加疑问部分
Don’t swimming here, will you?
Come here and sit down, will you?
Let’s do some housework, shall we?
Let us do some housework, will you?
【名师点津】
1. 陈述部分含有never、hardly、seldom、no、nothing、nobody、neither、few、little等表示否定或半否定意义的词时,附加疑问部分用肯定形式。
Nothing will change his discussion,will it?
He seldom came here,did he?
2. 陈述部分用了带否定前缀或后缀的词时,仍看做肯定,附加疑问部分用否定形式。
He dislikes music,doesn't he?
探究点2: 附加疑问句的回答
附加疑问句的使用场景是说话者向对方验证自己的陈述或者判断,或者在祈使句中表达请求或者建议,这种表达方式在我们口语中非常不常见,因为我们汉语语系很少会向对方验证自己的观点,这是因为很多人说话要么很绝对,要么没底气,如果能把英语的附加疑问句学好,并灵活运用于我们的日常对话中,无论在我们中文对话中还是英语对话中都会显得很谦虚、很地道。
肯定句的附加疑问句:
标准公式:—肯定句,否定附加疑问句?
—Yes,主语 + 助动词.(是 + 肯定回答);No,主语 + 助动词否定.(不 + 否定回答)
e.g. -Lily played League of Legends in her university, didn’t she?李丽在她大学期间玩游戏,是吗?
-Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t.是的,她玩过。/ 不是,她没玩过。
否定句的附加疑问句:
标准公式:—否定句,肯定附加疑问句?
—Yes,主语 + 助动词.(不 + 肯定回答);No,主语 + 助动词否定.(不 + 否定回答)
e.g.-Lucy isn’t a good girl, is she? 露西不是一个好女孩,是吗?
-Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t. 不,她是。/ 是,她不是。
e.g. -The match between two schools won’t be held in June 2021, will it?
两个学校间的比赛将不会再2021年6月举办,是吗?
-Yes, it will. / No, it won’t.
不,它会。/ 是,它不会。
祈使句的附加疑问句用法同上
探究点3:附加疑问句中主语的用法
1.当陈述部分的主语是表示物的不定代词something、anything、nothing、everything时,附加疑问部分的主语用it.
Everything has gone wrong today,hasn't it?
2.当陈述部分的主语是表示人的不定代词everyone、everybody、anyone、anybody、no one、someone、somebody时,附加疑问部分的主语常用they.
Everyone worked hard for it,didn't they?
No one knows that singer,do they?
3.当陈述部分的主语含指示代词this、that、those、these时,附加疑问部分的主语用相应的人称代词,即this、that对应用it,those、these对应用they.
This/that book belongs to you,doesn't it?
These/those books are yours,aren't they?
4.当陈述部分的主语是指人的one时,附加疑问部分的主语用one或you.
One has a duty to serve the people,doesn't one/don't you?
探究点4:特殊句型的附加疑问句
1.陈述部分含有must的时候,附加疑问部分的处理分三种情况:
A.陈述部分中的must表示“必须”时,附加疑问部分用mustn't.
We must turn in the report tomorrow,mustn't we?(必须)
B.陈述部分中的must表示“有必要”时,附加疑问部分用needn't.
We must drink more water to prevent illness,needn't we?(有必要)
C.陈述部分中的must表示“一定、肯定”的推测时,附加疑问部分通常要根据陈述部分表达的意思,借助相应的be动词或助动词:
a.如果陈述部分表示对现在情况的推测(must be、must have、must know等),附加疑问部分借助于be动词或助动词;
Tom must be in danger,isn't he?(一定,对现在的推测)
b.如果陈述部分表示对过去情况的推测(must have done),附加疑问部分用表示一般过去时的助动词did;
It must have rained last night,didn't it?(一定,对过去的推测)
c.如果陈述部分表示对已经完成的情况的推测(must have done),附加疑问部分用表示现在完成时的助动词have/has.
He must have studied English for many years,hasn't he?(一定,对已经完成的情况的推测)
3. 如果陈述部分是一个含有that引导的宾语从句的主从复合句时,附加疑问部分一般要与主句保持一致;但是当陈述部分是“I am sure/am afraid/think/suppose/believe...加宾语从句”结构时,附加疑问部分要与宾语从句保持一致,而且要注意宾语从句部分的否定转移现象(从句的否定转移到主句中)。
He said that the key was lost,didn't he?
I don't believe he cares about clothes,does he?(宾语从句的否定转移到主句中)
4. 如果陈述部分是并列句,附加疑问部分遵循就近原则,通常和后面的分句保持一致。
I like apples,but my mother likes bananas,doesn't she?
5. 陈述部分是肯定祈使句时,附加疑问部分一般用will you/won't you/can you/can't you;
陈述部分是否定祈使句时,附加疑问部分一般用will you.
Come and join us, will/won't/can/can't you?
Don't open the window,will you?
6. 陈述部分是以Let's开头的祈使句时,附加疑问部分用shall we;
陈述部分是以Let us或Let me开头的祈使句时,附加疑问部分用will you.
Let's go home together,shall we?
Let us/me go home,will you?
7. 陈述部分是There be句型或其变体时,附加疑问部分的“主语”用there,附加疑问部分的be动词/助动词/情态动词要和There后的动词保持一致。
There are no living things on the moon,are there?
There stands a big tree behind the house,doesn't there?
8. 陈述部分含有had better时,附加疑问部分用hadn't或shouldn't.
You had better turn to your teacher when in trouble,hadn't/shouldn't you?
9. 当陈述部分是以I am开头时,附加疑问部分用aren't I,在正式用语中,也会用am I not;
当陈述部分是以I am not开头时,附加一疑问部分用am I.
I'm tired,aren't I?
I'm not tired,am I?
反意疑问句
1.Few people in America knew the poor village, they? (变成反意疑问句)
2.She must be a good English teacher, ?(用适当的词填空)
3.Don’t refer to your notes when answering questions, you? (用适当的词填空)
4.I am sure that you’ve done jumping Jacks, . (用适当的词填空)
5.Let’s go and listen to music, . (附加疑问句)
6.We can play football, we?
7.That sounds interesting, it? (用适当的词填空)
8.He isn’t coming, he ?
9.You forgot to book a room in advance, you? (用适当的词填空)
10.I don’t expect you can finish the work in three days, ? (用适当的词填空)
11.Let’s look at these views in more detail, we? (用适当的词填空)
12.These athletes have won championship in many sports events, ?(附加疑问句)
13.We should win not only gold medals but also honour and glory for our country, ?(附加疑问句)
14.Gymnastics has been one of her favorite sports events since childhood, ?(附加疑问句)
15.There will be badminton match in the new stadium, ?(附加疑问句)
16.You used to see her a lot, you? (用适当的词填空)
17.Everybody knows what happiness means, ? (用适当的附加疑问句填空)
18.Have a little more coffee, you? (用适当的词填空)
19.They will leave for Beijing tomorrow night, they? (用适当的词填空)
20.It must be he that has stolen Mr. Smith’s purse, it? (用适当的词填空)
21.There are no museums in our city, ? (完成句子)
22.There is little water in the cup, ? (完成句子)
23.You don’t think he will come today, ?(反意疑问句)
24.Joe can speak English and French very well, he? (用适当的词填空)
25.You must have studied English for many years, ? (用适当的词填空)
1、 语法填空
Shuttlecock (毽子) kicking is a traditional popular folk game, 36 (date) as far back as the Han Dynasty.The fun game gained popularity during the Tang Dynasty, when 37 (store) specializing in the shuttlecock business appeared. In the Qing Dynasty, shuttlecock kicking reached its peak in terms of both making techniques and kicking skills.
To make a feather shuttlecock, a piece of cloth wrapped around a coin 38 (need). Through the coin hole you can stick some feathers, 39 function is to delay the rising and falling of the shuttlecock.
There 40 (be) a great number of variations in styles and methods of kicking. With one leg fixed on the ground, the shuttlecock is kicked by the inner ankle of 41 other. Some other styles include kicking the shuttlecock backwards and forwards between two people. Those who advance to a high level of mastery can perform some actions that are 42 (fair) wonderful. The challenge of the increasingly difficult levels of shuttlecock kicking has made it a popular and timeless game among Chinese children.
Playing with shuttlecocks is 43 (benefit) to health. When people are kicking shuttlecocks, various parts of the body need to work together, which enhances balance capabilities and physical flexibility and helps them strengthen their legs. Besides, shuttlecock kicking is convenient 44 (play). It can be practiced just about anywhere and anytime.
Since the establishment of the Chinese Shuttlecock Kicking Association in 1987, the national shuttlecock kicking tournament has been held annually, appealing 45 people of all ages.
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