专题17 科技创新语法填空20篇（沙漠绿色农场+神奇植物海草床+海底隧道+太空笔+竹编热销+AR技术）-2025届高考英语语法填空分类通关练（高考真题+名校模拟+外刊原创）

2025届高考英语语法填空分类通关练（高考真题+名校模拟+外刊原创） 专题17科学技术主题语法填空20篇 解析版 （沙漠绿色农场+神奇植物海草床+海底隧道+太空笔+竹编产品热销+AR技术） 真题专区：练真题，明方向；抓题眼，提能力；补漏洞；上台阶 01 (2024新课标I卷)-科技技术（一带一路影响） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. The latest 56 (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 57 (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days 58 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 61 first time. These plants included modern Western 62 (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too. The Glasshouse stands 63 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 65 (rich) of gardening in England. 02 (2022浙江6月卷)-科学技术（触觉画） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting 56 (appreciate) by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not 57 (do). John Olson, a former 58 (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models. The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to 59 blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shows that the visual cortex(大脑皮层)is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their 60 (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of 61 (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly 62 age seven. When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he 63 (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said. For Luc, this means 64 (independent). "The feeling of being able to see it 65 to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.” 03 (2021浙江1月卷)-科学技术（体重指数） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 56 that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas. BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 57 gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 58 (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 59 (consider) healthy. The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 60 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain 61 (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in the geography of BMI. In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 62 (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 63 (sharp) . This may be due to some disadvantages for people 64 (live) in the countryside, including 65 (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. 04 (2020全国I卷)-科学技术（嫦娥四号探月） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 65 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct)”. Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 模拟专区：练模拟，提速度；抓题眼，找线索；善纠错；提分数 【科学技术01】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 While chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers help to fight crop disease and increase production, the long-term use of them can be 1 (harm) to both the land and people’s health. As 2 alternative, some farmers have turned to organic farming, a kind of farming without using any chemicals. These farmers focus 3 keeping their soil rich and free of disease by using natural waste from animals as fertiliser, 4 not only makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals but also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free of chemicals. In addition, organic farmers use many other methods 5 (produce) rich soil. They change the kind of crop 6 (plant) in each field every year and they also plant diverse 7 (crop) that use different depths of soil to help keep it rich. Some people prefer to stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture 8 (entire), but organic farming is nowhere near able to meet the demand for food around the world. There is still a long way to find a suitable solution that 9 (put) sufficient food on the dinner table while 10 (keep) people and the environment as healthy as possible. 【科学技术02】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Modern science and technology have helped to greatly reduce the back-breaking labour 11 (involve) in farming. These advances 12   (enable) people in various countries to benefit from exceptional innovations in crop production. Probably one of the most 13 (benefit) innovations is drip irrigation, 14 has made it possible to develop big, green farms in the middle of the desert. While there have been 15 (experiment) in different places in the past to make drip irrigation a reality, it is in the Middle Eastern country of Israel that drip irrigation has become a modern 16 (succeed). How Simcha Blass, a scientist, discovered this new way of irrigation is rather interesting. He was visiting a friend in the Israeli desert in the 1930s 17 he noticed something unusual. There was a row of trees near his friend’s house, and one of them was much taller than the others. When Blass 18 (dig) around the roots to find out what the secret was, he discovered that the house’s water pipe had a small leak at the base of the tree. The pipe’s steady drip onto the tree’s roots was giving it just enough water at the perfect rate to grow strong and quickly. Through this discovery, farmers can now produce crops on arid land 19 needing much water. This irrigation method uses far less water than other methods. The limited and 20 (focus) used of just the right amount of water also denies moisture to weeds and pests, keeping them from harming the crops. 【科学技术03】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The year of 2023 marks the 20th anniversary of China’s first manned space mission, with Yang Liwei 21 (become) the first Chinese astronaut to go to space in 2003. Since then, another 19 astronauts 22 (reach) for the stars. Experts revealed how tough the training is before astronauts soaring (高飞) to space. The human body is not designed for space life. Astronauts are faced with multiple challenges. The changes in gravity can have an impact 23 their bodies. The confinement (封闭) in a small spacecraft can damage their mental health. 24 (emergency) challenge their knowledge and ability. So astronauts have to meet 25 (extreme) high standards and go through a tough training program. To make sure astronauts complete their missions and return to Earth safely, eight types, including over 200 subjects of training, were set. Apart from physical fitness training, it also contains 26 (base) scientific theories, psychological health, and mock (模拟) missions. 27 makes the training the most tiring is underwater training. This training is designed for astronauts 28 (adapt) to the microgravity environment. Astronauts stay underwater in suits weighing over 100 kilograms for six hours at 29 time. Water resistance and the heavy suit make astronauts 30 (exhaust). Each astronaut receives training for at least three and a half years before having the chance to go to space. 【科学技术04】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A Yoga enthusiast poses for a photo in an immersive art exhibition of Vincent Van Gogh, 31 (title) “Van Gogh Alive” in Bangkok. AI Van Gogh appears on a video screen at the end of a super exhibition concentrating on the final weeks of his life in Auvers-sur-Oise village. 32 (amazing), AI Vincent is well-informed of 21st century therapy speak. “While I 33 (face) with mental health struggles, my move to the village was not motivated 34 a desire to end my life,” he said. As the paintings suggest, his final weeks were extraordinarily 35 (produce), full of masterpieces including The Church at Auvers, Wheatfield with Crows and his very last, Tree Roots. Among the 36 (highlight) is a room special for his “double-square” panoramas (全景画), a technical revolution in which he used very long and thin canvases, indicating the widescreen landscapes of cinema. It is perhaps fitting that the show ends with modern technologies, 37 have become increasingly common as exhibitions try to pull in the younger audience. Besides Van Gogh chatbot, visitors can also put on a virtual reality headset 38 (enter) the kitchen of Dr. Gachet, where Van Gogh spent time in his final weeks, take 39 virtual trip around an enormous version of his paint palette(调色板), and plunge into the tree roots of his final painting. The state-of-the-art helmet can track the hands of users, 40 (allow) them to pick up items in the virtual world. 【科学技术05】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Seagrass meadows (海草床) are wonder plants growing beneath the sea. Thanks to the assistance of tiger sharks, 41 huge seagrass meadow in the Bahamas Banks was recently discovered, offering the world a tool 42 (fight) climate change. In this study, tiger sharks were selected as research tools due to their 43 (high) consistent associations with seagrass ecosystems. They spend 70% of their time in seagrass meadows. The team equipped eight tiger sharks 44 satellite tags, and used a 360-degree camera on a shark for the first time ever. So far, the world’s largest seagrass ecosystem, measuring at least 66,900 square kilometers, 45 (discover). This reflects a 41% increase from previous estimates of global seagrass. In terms of climate change, seagrass is 35 times 46 (fast) at removing carbon than tropical rainforests. Yet seagrass meadows are rapidly disappearing, with over 92% of meadows in the UK 47 (go). Scientists are collecting seeds and trying to grow new seagrass meadows through restoration 48 (project). This new discovery offers optimism and proves the importance of the ocean for healing. The sharks led us to the seagrass ecosystem in the Bahamas, 49 is likely to be the most significant blue carbon sink on the planet. The discovery shows us that ocean exploration and research play an important role in solving 50 (globe) issues like climate change. 【科学技术06】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Delivery drones, as the name suggests, 51 (use) to deliver goods. At the moment, delivery drones are mainly used for military action and disaster 52 (relieve), like the distribution of medicines during emergencies, especially to places that are hard 53 (reach) by other means of transport. 54 can be predicted that before long many people will be using drones to deliver daily supplies 55 food and drink. Some companies are also developing passenger drones, 56 carry people in crowded cities. Just enter a destination, 57 the drones will fly the passengers where they want to go. This could not only save time, but also 58 (great) decrease road traffic. We can assume that with 59 (improve) technology in passenger drones, we will be entering the age of personal flying vehicles. There are also many other exciting new ways to use this technology. Whatever 60 (happen), we’ll all be interacting with drones on a daily basis. There can be no denying that the technology will have a huge impact on everyday life. 【科学技术07】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The first underwater tunnel—Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Tunnel in South Asia, undertaken by China Communications Construction Company, opened in Bangladesh on Saturday. 61 (locate) at the mouth of the Karnaphuli River, the tunnel connects the east and west banks of the river. It is 9. 3 kilometers long, has four lanes and is designed for speeds of 80 kilometers per hour. Major technical 62 (difficult) in construction had to be overcome, such as geological structures. To solve the problems, the project team applied the world’s 63 (large) steel casing (框架) , which allowed specialized machinery 64 (enter) and exit the tunnel. The project, which was designed 65 Chinese standards, built using Chinese equipment and managed by Chinese enterprises, 66 (accomplish) as a successful exploration of China’s complete industrial chain for the construction of tunnels overseas, and will become 67 shining business card abroad. As part of the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor, the tunnel is an important link in the Belt and Road Initiative. Not only will it 68 (great) improve transportation conditions in Chattogram 69 will drive economic development in Bangladesh. Moreover, it improves the Asian highway network, promotes connectivity between Bangladesh and 70 (neighbor) countries and will encourage the internationalization of Bangladesh’s development. 【科学技术08】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Cloisonné (景泰蓝) is the technique of creating designs on metal containers with colored-glass paste 71 (place) within enclosures (外壳) made of copper 72 (wire), which have been bent or hammered into the desired pattern. Known as cloisons, the enclosures generally are either stuck or soldered onto the metal body. The glass paste, or enamel, 73 (color) and painted into the contained areas of the design. The container is usually fired at 74 relatively low temperature, about 800°C． Enamels commonly shrink after firing, and the process is repeated several times 75 (fill) in the designs. Once this process is complete, the surface is rubbed until the edges of the cloisons are visible. They are then covered with a thin layer of gold paint. Cloisonné objects were intended 76 (primary) for the furnishing of temples and palaces, because their splendor was considered appropriate to the function of these structures 77 not well suited to a more simple and plain atmosphere, such as 78 of a scholars home. This opinion was expressed by Cao Zhao in 1388 in his 79 ( influence) Gegu Yaolun, in which cloisonné was dismissed as being suitable only for lady’s bedrooms. However, during the period of Emperor Xuande, Cloisonné 80 (come) to be greatly prized at court. 【科学技术09】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Delicate, bright, and soft to the touch, the silk has passed the way throughout China’s history. No one can be 81 (exact) certain of its origin. But the humble ancient Chinese people credited their own wisdom to Leizu, wife of the Yellow Emperor (the legendary ancestor of Chinese people), as 82 inventor of sericulture (养蚕). Like all kinds of art on the vast land of China, the style and texture (质地) of silk are also various. Hangluo from Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, is known 83 its airy and thin texture, while Yunjin from Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, an expensive cloth, 84 (represent) China’s silk technique at its peak. Yunjin is best made by hand on large machines, in a complex procedure 85 contains more than a hundred steps. Even the most 86 (experience) workers can only make a few centimeters a day. Time, patience and skill all play an important role in its beauty. In the Western Han Dynasty, with Zhang Qian 87 (open) up the routes to the western regions, silk was highly praised in countries of Central Asia, later extending 88 (it) reach to other parts. In the hands of Chinese artists, the thinnest string can make pictures of great possibilities and the 89 (soft) material can pass through thousands of years. As one of the many 90 (wonder) of ancient China, silk is not only a type of cloth, but also a cultural symbol and a representation of elegance and grace. 【科学技术100】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Our brain is changing 91 (constant). Adults lose thousands of brain cells every day as part of the natural aging process. But here is good news. Scientists used to think that lost cells couldn’t 92 (replace), but the latest research shows they were wrong. Adults even generate new brain cells well into their eighties. However, that doesn’t happen 93 its own. You have to help this process along. The brain 94 (account)for just 2 percent of total body weight, 95 it requires up to around 20 percent of the body’s blood supply. Why? Blood carries oxygen and sugar, which are the fuels 96 (need) to keep all brain cells working. Blood circulation also removes harmful substances. In short, good circulation is vital to brain health. If you’re suffering from brain fog or finding 97 hard to concentrate, poor circulation is probably to blame. What can we do? One option is 98 (take) a walk. Exercise can boost the circulation of blood to the brain. That is why exercise has been linked with more new ideas and greater 99 (creative). Next time you hit a mental block, do your brain a favor and go for a walk near your office. When you get back to your desk, make sure you’re sitting up straight with your shoulders back and your neck long. That’s by far the 100 (simple) way of keeping blood flowing to your brain. 【科学技术11】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As people across the country watched the launch of China’s Shenzhou-14 spaceship closely, 101 pen floating in the capsule (太空舱) 102 (catch) the attention of many people. The pen was produced by Shaoguan Shengyi Stationery Co., Ltd., which is a pioneer in 103 (make) pens used in outer space. The space pen is different 104 a common pen. A common pen can neither withstand the influence and vibration (震动) experienced by the spaceship during rocket launch (发射) nor write 105 (proper) in an environment of outer space: The pen 106 (have) a head made of special materials to make it possible to write in outer space. The ink within the pen is also a special liquid with high viscosity (黏性), making writing stick to surfaces closely instead of flying off as dangerous 107 (drop). What’s more, the head 108 is less sharp than the head of a normal pen can be safely used in the cabin. A space pen developed by the company 109 (send) into space aboard the Shenzhen-10 spacecraft in 2013, making China the 110 (two) country in the world able to independently produce a pen usable in space. 【科学技术12】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the history of science, there have been big discoveries and little discoveries, fantastic findings and unknown 111 (observe). But here’s a very special case: A professor at Brigham Young University is gaining attention for discovering nothing. Professor Byron Adams leads a team that found a piece of land with 112 (absolute) no living things and no evidence that anything ever lived there. The “dead zone” is in Antarctica, 113 it’s not on the ice. It’s on the ground. “That’s really 114 (surprise), ”Adams said in an interview, “because, you know, in any other place that you go to on Earth you would find microbes(微生物). ” Adams 115 (travel) to Antarctica almost every year for the last 20 years. 116 (he) primary interest is studying soil samples 117 (see) how ecosystems have adapted, over tens of thousands of years, 118 climate. When his research team went into an Antarctic region known as the Dry Valleys, where huge glaciers disappeared thousands of years ago, something completely unexpected 119 (discover). They found, exactly, nothing. “We couldn’t even identify DNA in these samples,” Adams said. He’s not sure 120 big the “dead zone” is. He thinks it’s probably less than 50 square miles. The finding may be of great importance when it comes to the question of whether we will ever find life on the other planet. 【科学技术13】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The traditional Chinese craft of turning thick bamboo into delicate slices achieves fame on overseas short video platform TikTok, receiving more than 10 million 121 (view) and hundreds of thousands of likes. The skilled bamboo craftsmen are recording the daily detailed production process of their handicrafts on social media, 122 are regarded as a “ 123 (mystery) Chinese power” in the eyes of foreign netizens. Anne, 124 TikTok talent from Omaha, USA, filmed a reaction video to the artistry and posted 125 online. While witnessing the process of bamboo gradually turning into bamboo silk and pot brushes, she couldn’t contain her 126 (surprise) expression. “A real craftsman,” she said in the video. 127 fancy tools, these bamboo craftsmen make amazing works of art 128 (simple) using their own bare hands. Pan Yunfeng, 51, from Lin’an, Zhejiang, started learning bamboo weaving at an early age and by now with over 5 million followers on Douyin, he 129 (become) a genuine influencer for netizens home and abroad. Bamboo weaving art, 130 (originate) from the Warring States Period 2,000 years ago, has become an essential part of Chinese traditional culture. Now, the popularity of bamboo art on TikTok has opened a window for foreign netizens to better understand Chinese culture. 【科学技术14】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Plant lovers believe that talking to plants helps them grow. Scientists have discovered there could be real 131 (true) in this belief. Researchers have discovered that plants give off sounds when they are stressed. The sounds are quite similar 132 a human cry. Unfortunately, plant sounds are at too high a frequency for the human ear 133 (pick) up. Humans can only hear frequencies of up to 16 kilohertz (赫兹). Using special Al technology, scientists can now pick up sounds 134 (send) out by plants that are up to 250 kilohertz. The Al can also tell differences between different types of plant sounds. The research 135 (do) in a greenhouse at Israel’s Tel Aviy University. Lead researcher Professor Lilach Hadany said: “Plants usually give off sounds when they 136 (be) under stress. Each plant and each type of stress is connected with 137 specific sound.” She suggested that crop fields could be quite 138 (noise), saying “While unable to be picked up by the human ear, the sounds given off by plants can be heard by bats, 139 (mouse) and insects. Understanding these sounds could help us know when crops need watering, 140 means farmers could water their crops more efficiently and thus save water and money. 【科学技术15】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As artificial intelligence products steadily improve at pretending to be human, people will increasingly be put in the unsettling situation of not knowing 141 they are talking to a machine. But the 142 (true) may make such products less effective: recent research finds a trade-off between transparency and cooperation in human-computer interactions. The study used a game in 143 paired players made a series of 144 (decision) to cooperate with betray their partner. In 145 long run, it pays for both to keep cooperating. But there is always the desire 146 (earn) extra points at the partner’s expense. Previous work suggested people tended to distrust machines, so the scientists hoped people 147 (play) with a known robot would recognize its ability to cooperate and would 148 (eventual) get past their distrust. “Sadly, we failed at this goal,” says Talal Rahwan, a senior author on the paper, 149 (publish) last November in Nature Machine Intelligence. “A robot was 150 (likely) to obtain cooperation than another human, even though its strategy was clearly more beneficial to both players.” It seems that there is a long way to go before trust in robots is established. 【科学技术16】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers have been 151 widespread use in farming since the middle of the 20th century. When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase 152 (produce). Overtime, however, what some scientists have found is 153 their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people’s health. As an alternative, some farmers 154 (switch) to organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery. Organic farming is simply farming 155 using any chemicals. Some people would prefer 156 (stop) the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture 157 (entire). What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. Organic farming is nowhere near able 158 (meet) that need. Therefore, there is still a long way to find a 159 (suit) solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while 160 (keep) people and the environment as healthy as possible. 【科学技术17】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Midwives bring new life into the world, and these midwifery students at London’s Middlesex University 161 (learn) a new way to do this now. Sarah Chitongo is the educator in this high-tech classroom. Her students use goggles 162 (equip) with augmented reality or AR, so trainee midwives can experience 163 simulated birth. AR is a digital overlay atop something real. It actually allows you 164 (engage) in that type of learning which is more visual than paper-based one. The training helps prepare students for all the potential risks they might face during childbirth, including 165 (handle) a situation that is very complex. Educators say students’ exposure 166 AR makes them more comfortable using it in the classroom. It’s about giving the students the ability to engage with tools and things they have been used to and accustomed to, 167 within a serious learning space, so that they get a better 168 (understand) of it. Chitongo says it took her nearly a decade of midwifing before she 169 (see) a breech delivery. She says with AR technology in the classroom, students can better manage 170 happens in the real world and possibly even save a life. 【科学技术18】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has once again proved its 171 (able) to change the world with the “new four great inventions”: high-speed railways, electronic payments, shared bicycles and online shopping. They’re related to China's high-tech innovation (创新), 172 has improved the quality of people’s lives, according to a survey 173 (make) by the Belt and Road Research Institute of Beijing Foreign Studies University. “My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat whatever I want simply with a fingertip on my phone,” said 174 university student, adding that “even pancake sellers are using mobile payment”. The bikes 175 (them) are not new, but the operating model of bike-sharing 176 (base) on satellite navigation system, mobile payment, big data and other high technologies. China has entered a new innovative era, thanks to the large amounts of capital China has invested in 177 (encourage) innovation, said Bernhard Schwartlander, WHO Representative in China. It is increasingly clear that China is innovating and no longer copying Western ideas. This is especially true in mobile, where China is leading 178 many ways such as social messaging app WeChat, she said. This is partly because China skipped over the PC era and went 179 (direct) to mobile. China has a 180 (large) mobile use than any other country in the world. 【科学技术19】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Emojis are widely used in our daily lives and have become 181 important way of communication. The first emojis were created in 1999 by Japanese designer Shigetaka Kurita, 182 worked on a mobile Internet platform 183 (call) i-mode. Kurita attempted to develop a simple way for people 184 (express) emotions in short text messages. As emojis gained 185 (popular), they faced a significant technical hurdle (障碍) : early emojis could not 186 (send) across different mobile platforms, since there was no standardized encoding (编码). This issue was resolved in 2010 by the Unicode Consortium, an organization responsible 187 maintaining a standardized encoding of text and symbols across platforms. This allowed for cross-platform communication and continued expansion in emoji usage worldwide. Given 188 (they) origins in Japan, many early emoji characters were reflective of Japanese culture. As they’ve spread 189 (global), new characters have been added to account for cultural differences and provide a more universal means of communication. Users must also consider cultural sensitivities when 190 (communicate) via emojis, as certain symbols can have hugely different meanings across different cultures. 【科学技术20】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Northwest China’s Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region has adopted digital technology 191 (preserve) ancient cliff (悬崖) carvings and paintings before their disappearance. Workers have copied more than 2, 000 immovable rock carvings and paintings at Helan Mountain to digitalize the overall views as well as 192 (they) accurate locations. The digital information will be sorted and workers will conduct a disease 193 (analyse). Rock carvings 194 (appear) before writing systems were invented. At Helan Mountain, more than 20, 000 cliff paintings and carvings created by the ancestors have been discovered, most of 195 record the lives of the people who lived 3, 000 to 10, 000 years ago. In general, the majority of images are animals, 196 (follow) by humans, vehicles, plants, planets, fingerprints and abstract signs. The surfaces were mainly carved with stone or metal, and 197 (expose) to the open air makes the protection of rock paintings and carvings a 198 (remarkable) big issue. At present, there is no effective, naturally scientific and technological means to prevent their disappearance. Some experts have predicted 199 the end of this century, 200 quarter of the world’s rock paintings will have disappeared ultimately. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025届高考英语语法填空分类通关练（高考真题+名校模拟+外刊原创） 专题17科学技术主题语法填空20篇 解析版 （沙漠绿色农场+神奇植物海草床+海底隧道+太空笔+竹编产品热销+AR技术） 真题专区：练真题，明方向；抓题眼，提能力；补漏洞；上台阶 01 (2024新课标I卷)-科技技术（一带一路影响） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. The latest 56 (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 57 (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days 58 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 61 first time. These plants included modern Western 62 (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too. The Glasshouse stands 63 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 65 (rich) of gardening in England. 【答案】56. engineering 57. functional 58. to give 59. closed 60. walks 61 the 62. favorites 63. as 64. which##that 65. richness【解析】 【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位于国家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室，并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸之路的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。 56.考查名词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知，空处考查短语engineering techniques，意为“工程技术”，符合句意。故填engineering。 57.考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。故填functional。 58.考查非谓语动词。句意：温室在温暖的日子里开放，利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“使用某物去做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to give。 59.考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填closed。 60.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。 61.考查冠词。句意：亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配：for the first time，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。 62.考查名词的数。句意：这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favorite是可数名词，意为“特别受喜爱的东西”，根据空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填favorites。 63.考查介词。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”根据句意可知，空处指的是“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。 64.考查定语从句。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。 65.考查名词。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处与glory并列，应用名词形式richness，作介词of的宾语。故填richness。 02 (2022浙江6月卷)-科学技术（触觉画） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting 56 (appreciate) by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not 57 (do). John Olson, a former 58 (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models. The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to 59 blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shows that the visual cortex(大脑皮层)is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their 60 (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of 61 (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly 62 age seven. When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he 63 (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said. For Luc, this means 64 (independent). "The feeling of being able to see it 65 to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.” 56. be appreciated 57. to do 58. photographer 59. the 60. existing 61. sighted 62. at 63. noticed 64. independence 65. and 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式。 56.考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：但是一个盲人怎么能欣赏一幅画呢？主语a painting与谓语appreciate为被动关系，且置于情态动词can 之后，所以本句为含有情态动词的被动语态。故填be appreciated。 57.考查不定式。句意：通过触摸，这是画廊招牌告诉你不要做的一件事。tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”为固定短语。故填to do。 58.考查名词。句意：约翰·奥尔森是一位前摄影师，他和他的团队将绘画转化为全纹理3D模型。单数名词做主语，根据句意表示“摄影师”，此处为单数概念，故填photographer。 59.考查冠词。句意：触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式，因为我们不仅仅用眼睛看；我们用大脑看。the blind“盲人”，the+形容词表示一类人。故填the。 60.考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词existing作定语，修饰sense。故填existing。 61.考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词sighted作定语修饰名词people，表示“能看见的、不盲的”。故填sighted。 62.考查介词。句意：Luc Gandarias今年13岁，7岁时突然失明。表示在多大年龄时，用介词at。故填at。 63.考查时态。句意：当他触摸到莱昂纳多·达·芬奇的3D版《蒙娜丽莎》时，他立刻注意到了她的微笑。根据“he felt”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填noticed。 64.考查名词。句意：对卢克来说，这意味着独立。不可数名词independence作mean的宾语。故填independence。 65.考查连词。句意：能够看到它并形成我的观点的感觉就像盲人推倒了另一堵墙。根据句意可知，前后为并列关系，所以用and来连接。故填and。 03 (2021浙江1月卷)-科学技术（体重指数） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 56 that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas. BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 57 gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 58 (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 59 (consider) healthy. The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 60 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain 61 (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in the geography of BMI. In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 62 (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 63 (sharp) . This may be due to some disadvantages for people 64 (live) in the countryside, including 65 (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. 56. and 57. that / which 58. person’s 59. is considered 60. by 61. was 62. studied 63. sharply 64. living 65. lower 本文是一篇说明文，讲述了在200个国家进行的一项有关33年来体重指数趋势的研究中，科学家发现全世界的人都变得越来越重，增长的主要原因是农村地区体重指数的增加。 1.and 考查连词。科学家们发现，世界各地的人们越来越重，而这主要是由于农村地区BMI的增加。设空处连接两个并列成分，前后均为that引导的宾语从句，故填and。 2.that/which考查定语从句。句意：BMI是国际公认的测量工具，它能显示一个人的体重是否健康。先行词tool指物，关系代词在从句中作主语，故填that/which。. 3.person’s考查名词所有格。它的计算方法是用一个人的体重（公斤）除以身高（米）的平方。根据句意可知，空后的名词weight与person之间是所属关系，故填person’s。 4.is considered考查时态、语态和主谓一致。BM在19到25之间被认为是健康的。句中第一个and连接并列句，故设空处为谓语动词，由is calculated可知此处为一般现在时；分句主语是a BML，故用单数；a BMI与consider是被动关系，故填is considered。 5.by考查介词。句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年，农村女性和男性的平均BM增加了2.l。increase by“增加了多少”，故填by。 6.ws考查主谓一致和时态。句意：然而，在城市中，女性的指数增加了1.3，男性的增加了1.6。主语为the gain，故谓语动词用单数；根据上文的increased可知，时态为一般过去时，故填was。 7.studied考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMI值高于农村地区的男性和女性的BMI值。本句中谓语动词是had，故设空处是用来作后置定语修饰countries的，两者间是被动关系，表示完成的动作，故填studied。 8.sharply考查词性转换。句意：但30年后，许多国家城市和农村人口的BMI差异大幅缩小。副词修饰动词had narrowed，故填sharply 9.living考查非谓语动词。这可能是由于生活在农村的人的一些不利条件。设空处作后置定语修饰people，两者之间是主动关系，故填living。 10.lower考查形容词比较级。根据后面的higher、fewer可知，设空处填lower。 04 (2020全国I卷)-科学技术（嫦娥四号探月） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 65 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct)”. Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 61. touched 62. extremely 63. where 64. interest 65. than 66. to find 67. means 68. is constructed 69. much 70. its 这是一篇说明文。中国成为第一个将航天器降落在月球背面的国家，文章主要介绍了中国无人月球探测器嫦娥四号发射的意义。 61. touched。句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。 62. extremely。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。 63. where。句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。 64. interest。句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular可知，空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。 65. than。句意：因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so可知，此处填介词than，表示“比……更”。故填than。 66. to find。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。 67. means。句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说：“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知，此处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。 68. is constructed。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语the moon是单数，故填is constructed。 69. much。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。 70. its。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 模拟专区：练模拟，提速度；抓题眼，找线索；善纠错；提分数 【科学技术01】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 While chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers help to fight crop disease and increase production, the long-term use of them can be 1 (harm) to both the land and people’s health. As 2 alternative, some farmers have turned to organic farming, a kind of farming without using any chemicals. These farmers focus 3 keeping their soil rich and free of disease by using natural waste from animals as fertiliser, 4 not only makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals but also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free of chemicals. In addition, organic farmers use many other methods 5 (produce) rich soil. They change the kind of crop 6 (plant) in each field every year and they also plant diverse 7 (crop) that use different depths of soil to help keep it rich. Some people prefer to stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture 8 (entire), but organic farming is nowhere near able to meet the demand for food around the world. There is still a long way to find a suitable solution that 9 (put) sufficient food on the dinner table while 10 (keep) people and the environment as healthy as possible. 【答案】 1．harmful 2．an 3．on 4．which 5．to produce 6．planted 7．crops 8．entirely 9．puts 10．keeping 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了农药和化肥对土地和农作物都会有危害，农民们采用了有机种植的方式，通过使用天然肥料和交替混合种植农作物改善提高土地营养值。但是，有机农业还是需要进一步的改善提高才能在保护生态的同时，满足人们的餐桌需求。 1．考查形容词。句意：虽然化学农药和人工肥料有助于对抗作物病害并提高产量，但长期使用它们可能会对土地和人民的健康造成危害。“be”为系动词，之后接形容词作表语。“harm”，名词，意为“伤害，损害”，其形容词形式为“harmful (有害的)”。故填harmful。 2．考查不定冠词。句意：作为替代方案，一些农民转向了有机农业，一种不使用任何化学物质的农业。“alternative”意为“可供选择的事物，替代物”，单数可数名词，之前需要不定冠词作限定词表泛指。其发音为元音音素开头，应是用an。故填an。 3．考查介词和固定短语。句意：这些农民专注于通过使用动物的天然废物作为肥料来保持土壤肥沃和无病害，这不仅使他们田地里的土壤富含矿物质，而且使空气、土壤、水和作物不含化学物质。“focus on”，固定短语，意为“专注于，集中于”。故填on。 4．考查非限制性定语从句引导词。句意：这些农民专注于通过使用动物的天然废物作为肥料来保持土壤肥沃和无病害，这不仅使他们田地里的土壤富含矿物质，而且使空气、土壤、水和作物不含化学物质。此处为非限制性定语从句，指代前文主句，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。 5．考查动词不定式。句意：此外，有机农民还使用许多其他方法来生产肥沃的土壤。此处谓语动作的目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to produce。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们每年都会改变每块地种植的作物种类，他们还种植了不同深度的作物，以帮助保持土壤肥沃。此处为前文名词“the kind of crop”的后置定语，所填动词与名词之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填planted。 7．考查名词复数。句意：他们每年都会改变每块地种植的作物种类，他们还种植了不同深度的作物，以帮助保持土壤肥沃。所填应是名词作动词“plant”的宾语，“crop”为名词，意为“农作物”，可数名词，之前形容词“diverse”意为“多样的，不同的”，之后接名词复数。故填crops。 8．考查副词。句意：有些人宁愿完全停止在农业中使用人造化学品，但有机农业远不能满足世界各地的粮食需求。这里用副词作状语，修饰动词“prefer”，应用其副词形式为“entirely (全部地，完全地)”。故填entirely。 9．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：要找到一个合适的解决方案，在保证人们和环境尽可能健康的同时，让餐桌上有足够的食物，还有很长的路要走。此处为谓语动词，结合语境，应用一般现在时。从句主语为关系代词“that”，其先行词为“a suitable solution”，是可数名词单数，动词用单数形式。故填puts。 10．考查省略句结构。句意：要找到一个合适的解决方案，在保证人们和环境尽可能健康的同时，让餐桌上有足够的食物，还有很长的路要走。此处为while引导的时间状语从句的省略，其逻辑主语实为定语从句主语“that”，与动词“keep”之间为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填keeping。 【科学技术02】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Modern science and technology have helped to greatly reduce the back-breaking labour 11 (involve) in farming. These advances 12   (enable) people in various countries to benefit from exceptional innovations in crop production. Probably one of the most 13 (benefit) innovations is drip irrigation, 14 has made it possible to develop big, green farms in the middle of the desert. While there have been 15 (experiment) in different places in the past to make drip irrigation a reality, it is in the Middle Eastern country of Israel that drip irrigation has become a modern 16 (succeed). How Simcha Blass, a scientist, discovered this new way of irrigation is rather interesting. He was visiting a friend in the Israeli desert in the 1930s 17 he noticed something unusual. There was a row of trees near his friend’s house, and one of them was much taller than the others. When Blass 18 (dig) around the roots to find out what the secret was, he discovered that the house’s water pipe had a small leak at the base of the tree. The pipe’s steady drip onto the tree’s roots was giving it just enough water at the perfect rate to grow strong and quickly. Through this discovery, farmers can now produce crops on arid land 19 needing much water. This irrigation method uses far less water than other methods. The limited and 20 (focus) used of just the right amount of water also denies moisture to weeds and pests, keeping them from harming the crops. 【答案】 11．involved 12．have enabled 13．beneficial 14．which 15．experiments 16．success 17．when 18．dug 19．without 20．focused 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了可使在沙漠中部发展大型绿色农场成为可能的创新之一的滴灌技术。 11．考查过去分词。句意：现代科学技术大大减少了农业劳动的繁重劳动。分析可知，空处应使用过去分词作后置定语来修饰名词“labour”，且be involved in为固定短语，表示“涉及；参与；被卷入”，故填involved。 12．考查时态。句意：这些进步使各国人民能够从作物生产的卓越创新中受益。分析可知，enable是谓语动词，此处表示科学技术使各国人民能够受益的动作发生在过去，持续到现在，应为现在完成时态，主语These advances复数，谓语复数形式，故填have enabled。 13．考查形容词。句意：滴灌可能是最有益的创新之一，它使得在沙漠中开发大型绿色农场成为可能。根据空前the most可知是最高级，结合空后名词innovations可知，空处应为形容词beneficial作定语，故填beneficial。 14．考查定语从句。句意：滴灌可能是最有益的创新之一，它使得在沙漠中开发大型绿色农场成为可能。分析可知，本句为非限制性定语从句，先行词drip irrigation指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which，故填which。 15．考查名词。句意：虽然过去在不同的地方进行了实验，使滴灌成为现实，但在中东国家以色列，滴灌已成为现代的成功。experiment是可数名词，根据have been可知，空处应为名词复数作主语，故填experiments。 16．考查名词。句意：虽然过去在不同的地方进行了实验，使滴灌成为现实，但在中东国家以色列，滴灌已成为现代的成功。根据空前a modern可知，空处应为单数名词success作宾语，故填success。 17．考查固定句型。句意：20世纪30年代，他在以色列沙漠中拜访一位朋友时，注意到了一些不寻常的事情。固定句型sb. was/were doing sth. when sb. did...(某人正在做某事，就在此时（突然）某人做……)，用并列连词when，故填when。 18．考查时态。句意：当Blass在树根周围挖掘想弄清楚秘密是什么时，他发现房子的水管在树的底部有一个小漏水。分析可知，事情发生在1930s，谓语动词dig应为一般过去时，故填dug。 19．考查介词。句意：通过这项发现，农民现在可以在干旱土地上种植作物而无需大量用水。分析可知，空处表示“不需要”，结合其后动名词needing，空处应为表示“没有”的介词without，故填without。 20．考查形容词。句意：有限的集中使用适量的水也使杂草和害虫无法受潮，防止它们伤害农作物。根据and前的limited可知，空处应与limited词性保持一致，应为形容词focused (集中的、目标明确的)，故填focused。 【科学技术03】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The year of 2023 marks the 20th anniversary of China’s first manned space mission, with Yang Liwei 21 (become) the first Chinese astronaut to go to space in 2003. Since then, another 19 astronauts 22 (reach) for the stars. Experts revealed how tough the training is before astronauts soaring (高飞) to space. The human body is not designed for space life. Astronauts are faced with multiple challenges. The changes in gravity can have an impact 23 their bodies. The confinement (封闭) in a small spacecraft can damage their mental health. 24 (emergency) challenge their knowledge and ability. So astronauts have to meet 25 (extreme) high standards and go through a tough training program. To make sure astronauts complete their missions and return to Earth safely, eight types, including over 200 subjects of training, were set. Apart from physical fitness training, it also contains 26 (base) scientific theories, psychological health, and mock (模拟) missions. 27 makes the training the most tiring is underwater training. This training is designed for astronauts 28 (adapt) to the microgravity environment. Astronauts stay underwater in suits weighing over 100 kilograms for six hours at 29 time. Water resistance and the heavy suit make astronauts 30 (exhaust). Each astronaut receives training for at least three and a half years before having the chance to go to space. 【答案】 21．becoming 22．have reached 23．on/upon 24．Emergencies 25．extremely 26．basic 27．What 28．to adapt 29．a 30．exhausted 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了宇航员在进入太空之前必须经历的艰苦训练。 21．考查非谓语动词。句意：2023年是中国首次载人航天飞行20周年，杨利伟于2003年成为首位进入太空的中国宇航员。这里为“with+宾语+宾补”的with复合结构。宾语Yang Liwei和 become“成为”之间存在主谓关系，所以用现在分词，作宾语补足语。故填 becoming。 22．考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：从那以后，又有19名宇航员为星星到达了。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语。根据时间状语since then可知，reach“到达”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子应用现在完成时。主语another 19 astronauts 为复数形式，助动词用 have。故填 have reached。 23．考查固定短语。句意：重力的变化会对他们的身体产生影响。have an impact on/ upon“对……产生影响”，为固定短语。故填on或upon。 24．考查名词的数。句意：突发事件挑战他们的知识和能力。emergency意为“紧急情况，突发事件”，为可数名词。根据谓语动词challenge可知，此处应用emergency的复数形式，作主语。 故填Emergencies。 25．考查副词。句意：所以宇航员必须达到极高的标准，并经过严格的训练项目。此空修饰形容词high，应用副词形式extremely“及其地”，作状语。故填extremely。 26．考查形容词。句意：除了体能训练，它还包括基础科学理论、心理健康和模拟任务。分析句子结构可知，空处用形容词basic“基本的”，作定语，修饰scientific theories。故填basic。 27．考查主语从句。句意：让训练最累的是水下训练。分析句子结构可知，本空引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用what引导。故填what。 28．考查非谓语动词。句意：这项训练是为宇航员适应微重力环境而设计的。adapt to“适应”。本句谓语为is designed，此处为非谓语动词，应用不定式，作目的状语。故填to adapt。 29．考查冠词。句意：宇航员穿着重达100多公斤的宇航服，一次在水下停留6个小时。at a time“一次”，为固定短语。故填a。 30．考查形容词。句意：水的阻力和沉重的宇航服使宇航员筋疲力尽。本空用形容词exhausted“筋疲力尽的”，作宾语补足语。故填exhausted。 【科学技术04】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A Yoga enthusiast poses for a photo in an immersive art exhibition of Vincent Van Gogh, 31 (title) “Van Gogh Alive” in Bangkok. AI Van Gogh appears on a video screen at the end of a super exhibition concentrating on the final weeks of his life in Auvers-sur-Oise village. 32 (amazing), AI Vincent is well-informed of 21st century therapy speak. “While I 33 (face) with mental health struggles, my move to the village was not motivated 34 a desire to end my life,” he said. As the paintings suggest, his final weeks were extraordinarily 35 (produce), full of masterpieces including The Church at Auvers, Wheatfield with Crows and his very last, Tree Roots. Among the 36 (highlight) is a room special for his “double-square” panoramas (全景画), a technical revolution in which he used very long and thin canvases, indicating the widescreen landscapes of cinema. It is perhaps fitting that the show ends with modern technologies, 37 have become increasingly common as exhibitions try to pull in the younger audience. Besides Van Gogh chatbot, visitors can also put on a virtual reality headset 38 (enter) the kitchen of Dr. Gachet, where Van Gogh spent time in his final weeks, take 39 virtual trip around an enormous version of his paint palette(调色板), and plunge into the tree roots of his final painting. The state-of-the-art helmet can track the hands of users, 40 (allow) them to pick up items in the virtual world. 【答案】 31．titled 32．Amazingly 33．was faced 34．by 35．productive 36．highlights 37．which 38．to enter 39．a 40．allowing 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要描述了一个在曼谷举办的沉浸式文森特·梵高艺术展“梵高活着”中的一系列活动和展示，特别是关于AI梵高的介绍以及观众可以体验的虚拟现实活动。 31．考查非谓语动词。句意：在曼谷，一名瑜伽爱好者在名为“梵高活着”的沉浸式梵高艺术展上摆姿势拍照。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“an immersive art exhibition of Vincent Van Gogh”和动词“title”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填titled。 32．考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，AI文森特对21世纪的疗法演讲了如指掌。担当句子的状语，用副词形式；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Amazingly。 33．考查时态和语态。句意：“当我面临精神健康问题时，我搬到这个村庄并不是为了结束我的生命，”他说。这里为从句谓语动词，根据主句时态可知，从句时态为一般过去时；主语为“I”，和动词“face”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was faced。 34．考查固定搭配。句意：“当我面临精神健康问题时，我搬到这个村庄并不是为了结束我的生命，”他说。固定搭配：be motivated by，意为“受到……的激励、为了……”，符合句意。故填by。 35．考查形容词。句意：正如画作所暗示的，他最后几周的非常多产，充满了杰作，包括《奥维尔教堂》、《麦田与乌鸦》和他最后的作品《树根》。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词担当表语。故填productive。 36．考查名词的数。句意：亮点之一是专门为他的“双平方”全景画设立的房间，这是一次技术革命，他使用了非常长和细的画布，暗示了电影的宽屏景观。分析句意可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填highlights。 37．考查定语从句。句意：也许展览以现代技术结束是合适的，因为随着展览试图吸引年轻观众，这种技术变得越来越普遍。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“modern technologies”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 38．考查非谓语动词。句意：除了梵高聊天机器人，游客还可以戴上虚拟现实头盔进入加歇医生的厨房，梵高最后几周在那里度过，围绕着他巨大的调色板进行虚拟旅行，并深入到他最后的画作《树根》中。非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to enter。 39．考查冠词。句意：除了梵高聊天机器人，游客还可以戴上虚拟现实头盔进入加歇医生的厨房，梵高最后几周在那里度过，围绕着他巨大的调色板进行虚拟旅行，并深入到他最后的画作《树根》中。修饰名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词修饰。故填a。 40．考查非谓语动词。句意：最先进的头盔可以追踪用户的手部动作，让他们在虚拟世界中捡起物品。非谓语动词担当状语，表示主句一句话带来的自然而然的结果，用现在分词形式。故填allowing。 【科学技术05】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Seagrass meadows (海草床) are wonder plants growing beneath the sea. Thanks to the assistance of tiger sharks, 41 huge seagrass meadow in the Bahamas Banks was recently discovered, offering the world a tool 42 (fight) climate change. In this study, tiger sharks were selected as research tools due to their 43 (high) consistent associations with seagrass ecosystems. They spend 70% of their time in seagrass meadows. The team equipped eight tiger sharks 44 satellite tags, and used a 360-degree camera on a shark for the first time ever. So far, the world’s largest seagrass ecosystem, measuring at least 66,900 square kilometers, 45 (discover). This reflects a 41% increase from previous estimates of global seagrass. In terms of climate change, seagrass is 35 times 46 (fast) at removing carbon than tropical rainforests. Yet seagrass meadows are rapidly disappearing, with over 92% of meadows in the UK 47 (go). Scientists are collecting seeds and trying to grow new seagrass meadows through restoration 48 (project). This new discovery offers optimism and proves the importance of the ocean for healing. The sharks led us to the seagrass ecosystem in the Bahamas, 49 is likely to be the most significant blue carbon sink on the planet. The discovery shows us that ocean exploration and research play an important role in solving 50 (globe) issues like climate change. 【答案】 41．a 42．to fight 43．highly 44．with 45．has been discovered 46．faster 47．gone 48．projects 49．which 50．global 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了海草床是生长在海底的神奇植物。由于虎鲨的帮助，最近在巴哈马海滩发现了一个巨大的海草床，为世界提供了对抗气候变化的工具。 41．考查冠词。句意：由于虎鲨的帮助，最近在巴哈马海滩发现了一个巨大的海草床，为世界提供了对抗气候变化的工具。此处泛指“一个巨大的海草床”，且huge以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 42．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于虎鲨的帮助，最近在巴哈马海滩发现了一个巨大的海草床，为世界提供了对抗气候变化的工具。本句谓语为was discovered，此处为非谓语动词，此处应填入动词fight“对抗”的不定式，作后置定语，修饰前面的名词tool。故填to fight。 43．考查副词。句意：由于虎鲨与海草生态系统有着高度持续的联系，因此选择虎鲨作为研究工具。此处应填入副词highly“高度地”，修饰后面的形容词consistent，作状语。故填highly。 44．考查介词。句意：研究小组给八只虎鲨安装了卫星标签，并首次在鲨鱼身上使用360度摄像机。此处应填入介词with，构成固定搭配equip...with.，意为“用……装备……”。故填with。 45．考查动词时态语态。句意：到目前为止，世界上最大的海草生态系统已经被发现，面积至少为66900平方公里。结合时间状语So far可知，句子时态用现在完成时，表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，且主语the world’s largest seagrass ecosystem与discover“发现”为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been discovered。 46．考查形容词比较级。句意：在气候变化方面，海草在去除碳方面的速度是热带雨林的35倍。表示两者之间的对比，此处应填入形容词fast的比较级faster“更快的”。故填faster。 47．考查形容词。句意：然而，海草床正在迅速消失，英国超过92%的草床已经消失。此处应填入形容词gone“不复存在”作宾补。故填gone。 48．考查名词的数。句意：科学家们正在收集种子，并试图通过恢复项目种植新的海草床。空前无冠词修饰，此处应填入可数名词project“项目”的复数形式projects表示泛指，作宾语。故填projects。 49．考查定语从句。句意：鲨鱼把我们带到了巴哈马群岛的海草生态系统，这可能是地球上最重要的蓝色碳汇。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the seagrass ecosystem，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 50．考查形容词。句意：这一发现向我们展示了海洋探索和研究在解决像气候变化这样的全球性问题中扮演着重要的角色。此处应填入形容词global“全球的”作定语，修饰名词issues。故填 global。 【科学技术06】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Delivery drones, as the name suggests, 51 (use) to deliver goods. At the moment, delivery drones are mainly used for military action and disaster 52 (relieve), like the distribution of medicines during emergencies, especially to places that are hard 53 (reach) by other means of transport. 54 can be predicted that before long many people will be using drones to deliver daily supplies 55 food and drink. Some companies are also developing passenger drones, 56 carry people in crowded cities. Just enter a destination, 57 the drones will fly the passengers where they want to go. This could not only save time, but also 58 (great) decrease road traffic. We can assume that with 59 (improve) technology in passenger drones, we will be entering the age of personal flying vehicles. There are also many other exciting new ways to use this technology. Whatever 60 (happen), we’ll all be interacting with drones on a daily basis. There can be no denying that the technology will have a huge impact on everyday life. 【答案】 51．are used 52．relief 53．to reach 54．It 55．like 56．which 57．and 58．greatly 59．improved 60．happens 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无人机的应用。 51．考查动词时态和语态。句意：送货无人机，顾名思义，就是用来送货的。此句为主从复合句，设空处在主句中作谓语，此句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语Delivery drones与动词use之间为被动关系，谓语动词用一般现在时的被动语态，Delivery drones作主语，be动词用复数形式are，故填are used。 52．考查名词。句意：目前，无人机主要用于军事行动和救灾，比如在紧急情况下分发药品，特别是到其他交通工具难以到达的地方。“disaster ____2____”与“military action”并列，作介词for的宾语，设空处应填名词relief，名词短语disaster relief意为“赈灾；灾难援助”。故填relief。 53．考查动词不定式。句意：目前，无人机主要用于军事行动和救灾，比如在紧急情况下分发药品，特别是到其他交通工具难以到达的地方。由空前的“are hard”可知此处为“be adj+to do”结构，设空处应填动词不定式to reach。故填to reach。 54．考查it作形式主语。句意：可以预见，不久之后，许多人将使用无人机运送食品和饮料等日常用品。分析句子结构可知，此句为it作形式主语，主语从句“that before long many people will be using drones to deliver daily supplies ____5____ food and drink”作真正主语，设空处应填it，置于句首，首字母大写。故填It。 55．考查介词。句意：可以预见，不久之后，许多人将使用无人机运送食品和饮料等日常用品。句中“food and drink”是对无人机可以运送的“daily supplies”进行举例说明，介词like“例如；譬如”符合句意，food and drink作介词like的宾语。故填like。 56．考查定语从句。句意：一些公司也在开发客运无人机，在拥挤的城市里载客。句子结构分析可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，设空处指代先行词passenger drones，在从句中作主语，此从句用关系代词which引导。故填which。 57．考查并列连词。句意：只要输入目的地，无人机就会把乘客送到他们想去的地方。分析句子结构以及句意可知，此句为句型“祈使句+and+陈述句”，前后句是顺接关系，表示按照祈使句所说的去做，就会产生陈述句所表示的结果，因此设空处填并列连词and。故填and。 58．考查副词。句意：这不仅可以节省时间，而且可以大大减少道路交通。设空处修饰动词decrease作状语，应填副词greatly。故填greatly。 59．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们可以假设，随着客运无人机技术的改进，我们将进入个人飞行工具的时代。设空处作定语修饰名词technology，technology与动词improve之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，设空处填过去分词improved。故填improved。 60．考查时态。句意：无论发生什么，我们每天都将与无人机进行互动。设空处在Whatever引导的状语从句中作谓语，根据主句“we’ll all be interacting with drones on a daily basis”可知此从句用一般现在时，Whatever作主语，谓语动词用单数，设空处填happens。故填happens。 【科学技术07】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The first underwater tunnel—Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Tunnel in South Asia, undertaken by China Communications Construction Company, opened in Bangladesh on Saturday. 61 (locate) at the mouth of the Karnaphuli River, the tunnel connects the east and west banks of the river. It is 9. 3 kilometers long, has four lanes and is designed for speeds of 80 kilometers per hour. Major technical 62 (difficult) in construction had to be overcome, such as geological structures. To solve the problems, the project team applied the world’s 63 (large) steel casing (框架) , which allowed specialized machinery 64 (enter) and exit the tunnel. The project, which was designed 65 Chinese standards, built using Chinese equipment and managed by Chinese enterprises, 66 (accomplish) as a successful exploration of China’s complete industrial chain for the construction of tunnels overseas, and will become 67 shining business card abroad. As part of the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor, the tunnel is an important link in the Belt and Road Initiative. Not only will it 68 (great) improve transportation conditions in Chattogram 69 will drive economic development in Bangladesh. Moreover, it improves the Asian highway network, promotes connectivity between Bangladesh and 70 (neighbor) countries and will encourage the internationalization of Bangladesh’s development. 【答案】 61．Located 62．difficulties 63．largest 64．to enter 65．to 66．was accomplished 67．a 68．greatly 69．but 70．neighboring 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了由中国交通建设公司承建的南亚首条水下隧道——bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman隧道于周六在孟加拉国开通，并详细介绍了两个隧道的情况。 61．考查非谓语动词。句意：该隧道位于Karnaphuli River的入海口，连接着河的东西两岸。本句谓语为connects，此处为非谓语动词，且the tunnel与locate“把……安置在（或建造于）”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Located。 62．考查名词的数。句意：必须克服施工中的主要技术困难，例如地质结构。difficulty“困难，难题”为可数名词，结合句意可知，难题不止一个，应用名词复数形式，作主语。故填difficulties。 63．考查形容词最高级。句意：为了解决这些问题，项目团队采用了世界上最大的钢套管，这使得专业机械可以进出隧道。结合语境可知，应用形容词最高级largest“最大的”，作定语，修饰名词steel casing。故填largest。 64．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了解决这些问题，项目团队采用了世界上最大的钢套管，这使得专业机械可以进出隧道。which引导的定语从句的谓语为allowed，此处为非谓语动词，应用enter的不定式形式，作宾补。故填to enter。 65．考查介词。句意：该项目按照中国标准设计、使用中国设备、由中国企业管理，是中国在海外建设隧道全产业链的成功探索，将成为中国在海外的一张闪亮名片。由句意和空后的Chinese standards可知，本空填介词to，to...standards“达到……标准”，为固定短语。故填to。 66．考查动词语态。句意：该项目按照中国标准设计、使用中国设备、由中国企业管理，是中国在海外建设隧道全产业链的成功探索，将成为中国在海外的一张闪亮名片。分析句子结构可知，本空为句子谓语，根据语境可知事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，且主语The project与accomplish“完成”为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was accomplished。 67．考查冠词。句意：该项目按照中国标准设计、使用中国设备、由中国企业管理，是中国在海外建设隧道全产业链的成功探索，将成为中国在海外的一张闪亮名片。此处泛指“一张闪亮名片”，且shining以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 68．考查副词。句意：它不仅将大大改善Chattogram的交通条件，还将推动孟加拉国的经济发展。本空填副词greatly“大大地，很”，作状语，修饰动词improve。故填greatly。 69．考查固定句型。句意：它不仅将大大改善Chattogram的交通条件，还将推动孟加拉国的经济发展。结合句意和空前的Not only可知，本空填but，not only...but...“不仅……而且……”。故填but。 70．考查形容词。句意：此外，它还完善了亚洲公路网，促进了孟加拉国与邻国的互联互通，促进了孟加拉国发展的国际化。本空填形容词neighboring“邻近的”，作定语，修饰名词countries。故填neighboring。 【科学技术08】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Cloisonné (景泰蓝) is the technique of creating designs on metal containers with colored-glass paste 71 (place) within enclosures (外壳) made of copper 72 (wire), which have been bent or hammered into the desired pattern. Known as cloisons, the enclosures generally are either stuck or soldered onto the metal body. The glass paste, or enamel, 73 (color) and painted into the contained areas of the design. The container is usually fired at 74 relatively low temperature, about 800°C． Enamels commonly shrink after firing, and the process is repeated several times 75 (fill) in the designs. Once this process is complete, the surface is rubbed until the edges of the cloisons are visible. They are then covered with a thin layer of gold paint. Cloisonné objects were intended 76 (primary) for the furnishing of temples and palaces, because their splendor was considered appropriate to the function of these structures 77 not well suited to a more simple and plain atmosphere, such as 78 of a scholars home. This opinion was expressed by Cao Zhao in 1388 in his 79 ( influence) Gegu Yaolun, in which cloisonné was dismissed as being suitable only for lady’s bedrooms. However, during the period of Emperor Xuande, Cloisonné 80 (come) to be greatly prized at court. 【答案】 71．placed 72．wires 73．is colored 74．a 75．to fill 76．primarily 77．but 78．that 79．influential 80．came 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了景泰蓝的制作工艺以及它的用途和历史地位。 71．考查非谓语动词。句意：景泰蓝是一种在金属容器上制作图案的技术，将彩色玻璃膏放置在铜线制成的外壳内，铜线被弯曲或锤成所需的图案。分析句子可知，空处与宾语paste构成被动关系，应用过去分词，作宾语补足语。故填placed。 72．考查名词复数。句意：景泰蓝是一种在金属容器上制作图案的技术，将彩色玻璃膏放置在铜线制成的外壳内，铜线被弯曲或锤成所需的图案。wire“电线”即可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，后面的定语从句修饰先行词wire，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，由从句中的助动词have可知，先行词是复数形式。故填wires。 73．考查时态语态及主谓一致。句意：玻璃膏或搪瓷被着色并涂到设计的包含区域中。空处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。or连接两个并列主语时，谓语要采用就近原则，谓语应和单数名词enamel保持一致，动词color“着色”与句子主语构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用一般现在时被动语态，be动词用is。故填is colored。 74．考查冠词。句意：容器通常在相对较低的温度下烧制，约为800°C。分析句子可知，空处泛指“一个”，应填不定冠词，relatively以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 75．考查非谓语动词。句意：搪瓷通常在烧制后会收缩，这个过程会重复几次以填充图案。分析句子可知，空处在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to fill。 76．考查副词。句意：景泰蓝的物品主要用于寺庙和宫殿的装饰，因为它们的华丽被认为适合这些建筑的功能，但不太适合更简单和朴素的氛围，比如学者之家。分析句子可知，空处修饰谓语动词，应用副词primarily“主要地”，在句中作状语。故用primarily。 77．考查连词。句意：景泰蓝的物品主要用于寺庙和宫殿的装饰，因为它们的华丽被认为适合这些建筑的功能，但不太适合更简单和朴素的氛围，比如学者之家。分析句子可知，空处应填并列连词but连接appropriate和not well suited，表示转折关系。故填but。 78．考查代词。句意：景泰蓝的物品主要用于寺庙和宫殿的装饰，因为它们的华丽被认为适合这些建筑的功能，但不太适合更简单和朴素的氛围，比如学者之家。分析句子可知，空处应填代词that，特指前面出现的可数名词单数形式the atmosphere。故填that。 79．考查形容词。句意：这一观点是曹昭于1388年在其颇具影响力的《格古要论》中表达的，其中景泰蓝被认为只适合女士卧室。分析句子可知，空处修饰Gegu Yaolun，在句中作定语，应用形容词influential“有影响力的”。故填influential。 80．考查动词时态。句意：然而，在宣德皇帝时期，景泰蓝在宫廷中受到了极大的重视。根据时间状语during the period of Emperor Xuande可知，句子应用一般过去时。故填came。 【科学技术09】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Delicate, bright, and soft to the touch, the silk has passed the way throughout China’s history. No one can be 81 (exact) certain of its origin. But the humble ancient Chinese people credited their own wisdom to Leizu, wife of the Yellow Emperor (the legendary ancestor of Chinese people), as 82 inventor of sericulture (养蚕). Like all kinds of art on the vast land of China, the style and texture (质地) of silk are also various. Hangluo from Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, is known 83 its airy and thin texture, while Yunjin from Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, an expensive cloth, 84 (represent) China’s silk technique at its peak. Yunjin is best made by hand on large machines, in a complex procedure 85 contains more than a hundred steps. Even the most 86 (experience) workers can only make a few centimeters a day. Time, patience and skill all play an important role in its beauty. In the Western Han Dynasty, with Zhang Qian 87 (open) up the routes to the western regions, silk was highly praised in countries of Central Asia, later extending 88 (it) reach to other parts. In the hands of Chinese artists, the thinnest string can make pictures of great possibilities and the 89 (soft) material can pass through thousands of years. As one of the many 90 (wonder) of ancient China, silk is not only a type of cloth, but also a cultural symbol and a representation of elegance and grace. 【答案】 81．exactly 82．the 83．for 84．represents 85．which/that 86．experienced 87．opening 88．its 89．softest 90．wonders 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了丝绸的发展历史。 81．考查副词。句意：没有人能确切地确定它的起源。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词exactly修饰动词短语be certain of。故填exactly。 82．考查冠词。句意：但谦逊的古代中国人把自己的智慧归功于黄帝(传说中中国人的祖先)的妻子雷祖，她是养蚕业的发明者。根据句意以及空后inventor of sericulture (养蚕)为名词可知，此处应为特指“养蚕业的发明者”为特指概念，所以为定冠词the的填入。故填the。 83．考查介词。句意：来自浙江杭州的杭珞以其轻盈的质地而闻名，而来自江苏南京的云锦是一种昂贵的布料，代表了中国丝绸技术的巅峰。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语be known for“以……闻名”，满足句意要求。故填for。 84．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：来自浙江杭州的杭珞以其轻盈的质地而闻名，而来自江苏南京的云锦是一种昂贵的布料，代表了中国丝绸技术的巅峰。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由上下文时态可知，此处应为一般现在时，主语Yunjin为单数意义名词，所以为动词三单形式。故填represents。 85．考查定语从句。句意：云锦最好是在大型机器上手工制作，要经过一百多个步骤的复杂程序。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which/that引导的限制性定语从句，先行词procedure在从句中作主语成分。故填which/that。 86．考查形容词。句意：即使是最有经验的工人一天也只能做几厘米。由空后workers为名词可知，此处为形容词experienced“有经验的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填experienced。 87．考查非谓语动词。句意：西汉时期，随着张骞开辟西域之路，丝绸在中亚各国受到高度推崇，后来丝绸的触角延伸到其他地区。分析句子可知，此处为with的复合结构，所以此处动词应为非谓语形式，open和逻辑主语Zhang Qian为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填opening。 88．考查代词。句意：西汉时期，随着张骞开辟西域之路，丝绸在中亚各国受到高度推崇，后来丝绸的触角延伸到其他地区。由空后reach为名词可知，此处为形容词性物主代词。故填its。 89．考查形容词最高级。句意：在中国艺术家的手中，最细的弦可以创造出无限的可能性，最柔软的材料可以穿越数千年。由空前the为定冠词以及提示词为形容词可知，此处为形容词最高级形式。故填softest。 90．考查名词复数形式。句意：丝绸作为中国古代的诸多奇观之一，不仅是一种布料，而且是一种文化符号，是优雅和优雅的代表。由空前one of the many可知，此处应为名词复数形式，表示“许多……的其中之一”。故填wonders。 【科学技术100】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Our brain is changing 91 (constant). Adults lose thousands of brain cells every day as part of the natural aging process. But here is good news. Scientists used to think that lost cells couldn’t 92 (replace), but the latest research shows they were wrong. Adults even generate new brain cells well into their eighties. However, that doesn’t happen 93 its own. You have to help this process along. The brain 94 (account)for just 2 percent of total body weight, 95 it requires up to around 20 percent of the body’s blood supply. Why? Blood carries oxygen and sugar, which are the fuels 96 (need) to keep all brain cells working. Blood circulation also removes harmful substances. In short, good circulation is vital to brain health. If you’re suffering from brain fog or finding 97 hard to concentrate, poor circulation is probably to blame. What can we do? One option is 98 (take) a walk. Exercise can boost the circulation of blood to the brain. That is why exercise has been linked with more new ideas and greater 99 (creative). Next time you hit a mental block, do your brain a favor and go for a walk near your office. When you get back to your desk, make sure you’re sitting up straight with your shoulders back and your neck long. That’s by far the 100 (simple) way of keeping blood flowing to your brain. 【答案】 91．constantly 92．be replaced 93．on 94．accounts 95．but/yet 96．needed 97．it 98．to take 99．creativity 100．simplest 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述保持大脑的活跃的关键——增加血液循环及其原因。 91．考查副词。句意：我们的大脑一直在变化。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰动词change，constant的副词为constantly意为“总是，一直”。故填constantly。 92．考查被动语态。句意：科学家们过去认为失去的细胞无法被替换，但最新的研究表明他们错了。分析句子结构可知，此处为动词原形，replace与主语lost cells 之间为被动关系，所以此处应使用被动形式be replaced。故填be replaced。 93．考查介词。句意：然而，这不会自己发生。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定短语on one’s won意为“靠自己”符合句意。故填on。 94．考查谓语动词。句意：大脑只占体重的2%，但它需要的血液供应却高达全身的20%左右。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据空后句子的谓语动词requires 以及句意可知，此处讲述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，且与句子主语the brain之间为主动关系，主语是第三人称单数。故填accounts。 95．考查连词。句意：大脑只占体重的2%，但它需要的血液供应却高达全身的20%左右。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词连接两个并列结构，结合句意可知，空前与空后的内容为转折关系，所以使用连词but或yet。故填but/yet。 96．考查非谓语动词。句意：为什么?血液携带氧气和糖，这是保持所有脑细胞工作所需的燃料。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，need与所修饰词fuels 之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式。故填needed。 97．考查代词。句意：如果你患有脑雾或难以集中注意力，可能是血液循环不良造成的。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定结构“find it hard to do sth.”结构，其中it为形式宾语，不定式为真正的宾语。故填it。 98．考查非谓语动词。句意：一个选择是散步。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作表语，结合句意可知，此处表示的是将要发生的动作，所以此处应使用不定式形式，结合句意，此处表示的是主动意义。故填to take。 99．考查词性转换。句意：这就是为什么运动与更多的新想法和更大的创造力联系在一起。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，create的名词为creativity意为“创造力”且为不可数名词。故填creativity。 100．考查形容词。句意：这是目前为止保持血液流向大脑最简单的方法。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词way，根据空前by far以及定冠词the可知，此处应使用形容词的最高级形式。故填simplest。 【科学技术11】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As people across the country watched the launch of China’s Shenzhou-14 spaceship closely, 101 pen floating in the capsule (太空舱) 102 (catch) the attention of many people. The pen was produced by Shaoguan Shengyi Stationery Co., Ltd., which is a pioneer in 103 (make) pens used in outer space. The space pen is different 104 a common pen. A common pen can neither withstand the influence and vibration (震动) experienced by the spaceship during rocket launch (发射) nor write 105 (proper) in an environment of outer space: The pen 106 (have) a head made of special materials to make it possible to write in outer space. The ink within the pen is also a special liquid with high viscosity (黏性), making writing stick to surfaces closely instead of flying off as dangerous 107 (drop). What’s more, the head 108 is less sharp than the head of a normal pen can be safely used in the cabin. A space pen developed by the company 109 (send) into space aboard the Shenzhen-10 spacecraft in 2013, making China the 110 (two) country in the world able to independently produce a pen usable in space. 【答案】 101．a 102．caught 103．making 104．from 105．properly 106．has 107．drops 108．which/that 109．was sent 110．second 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国生产的太空笔的情况。 101．考查冠词。句意：当全国人民密切关注中国神舟14号宇宙飞船的发射时，一只漂浮在太空舱里的钢笔引起了许多人的注意。pen为可数名词，此处为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。 102．考查时态。句意：当全国人民密切关注中国神舟14号宇宙飞船的发射时，一只漂浮在太空舱里的钢笔引起了许多人的注意。描述过去发生的事情，谓语动词catch应用一般过去时。故填caught。 103．考查非谓语动词。句意：这支笔是由韶关圣艺文具有限公司生产的，该公司是生产外太空用笔的先驱。作介词in的宾语，应用动名词。故填making。 104．考查介词。句意：太空笔不同于普通的钢笔。短语be different from表示“不同于”。故填from。 105．考查副词。句意：一支普通的笔既不能承受宇宙飞船在火箭发射过程中所经历的影响和振动，也不能在外太空环境中正常书写：这种笔的笔头由特殊材料制成，使其能够在外太空书写。修饰动词write应用副词properly，作状语。故填properly。 106．考查时态。句意：一支普通的笔既不能承受宇宙飞船在火箭发射过程中所经历的影响和振动，也不能在外太空环境中正常书写：这种笔的笔头由特殊材料制成，使其能够在外太空书写。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为pen，谓语动词have用第三人称单数形式。故填has。 107．考查名词的数。句意：钢笔内的墨水也是一种特殊的高粘度液体，使书写紧密地粘在表面，而不是像危险的液滴一样飞出去。drop为可数名词，前文没有冠词故用复数形式。故填drops。 108．考查定语从句。句意：更重要的是，笔头比普通笔头更锋利，可以安全地在机舱内使用。定语从句修饰先行词head，先行词指物，从句缺少主语，用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。 109．考查时态语态。句意：2013年，该公司研制的一支太空笔被“深圳十号”宇宙飞船送入太空，使中国成为世界上第二个能够独立生产太空用笔的国家。主语A space pen与谓语动词send构成被动关系，根据后文in 2013可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填was sent。 110．考查序数词。句意：2013年，该公司研制的一支太空笔被“深圳十号”宇宙飞船送入太空，使中国成为世界上第二个能够独立生产太空用笔的国家。根据上文定冠词以及句意“第二个”应用序数词second。故填second。 【科学技术12】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the history of science, there have been big discoveries and little discoveries, fantastic findings and unknown 111 (observe). But here’s a very special case: A professor at Brigham Young University is gaining attention for discovering nothing. Professor Byron Adams leads a team that found a piece of land with 112 (absolute) no living things and no evidence that anything ever lived there. The “dead zone” is in Antarctica, 113 it’s not on the ice. It’s on the ground. “That’s really 114 (surprise), ”Adams said in an interview, “because, you know, in any other place that you go to on Earth you would find microbes(微生物). ” Adams 115 (travel) to Antarctica almost every year for the last 20 years. 116 (he) primary interest is studying soil samples 117 (see) how ecosystems have adapted, over tens of thousands of years, 118 climate. When his research team went into an Antarctic region known as the Dry Valleys, where huge glaciers disappeared thousands of years ago, something completely unexpected 119 (discover). They found, exactly, nothing. “We couldn’t even identify DNA in these samples,” Adams said. He’s not sure 120 big the “dead zone” is. He thinks it’s probably less than 50 square miles. The finding may be of great importance when it comes to the question of whether we will ever find life on the other planet. 【答案】 111．observations 112．absolutely 113．but 114．surprising 115．has traveled 116．His 117．to see 118．to 119．was discovered 120．how 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了拜伦·亚当斯教授带领的团队在南极洲的“死亡地带”没有发现任生物。 111．考查名词。句意：在科学史上，有大发现，也有小发现，有奇妙的发现，也有未知的观察。形容词unknown后接名词形式。根据连词and前的并列名词discoveries、findings可知，用名词的复数形式。故填observations。 112．考查副词。句意：拜伦·亚当斯教授带领的团队发现了一块完全没有生物的土地，也没有任何证据表明那里曾经生活过任何生物。句中用副词作状语。故填absolutely。 113．考查连词。句意：“死亡地带”在南极洲，但它不在冰上。根据前后句意可知，这里为转折关系，所以用转折连词but。故填but。 114．考查形容词。句意：亚当斯在一次采访中说：“这真的很令人惊讶，因为，你知道，在地球上的任何其他地方，你都会发现微生物。”句中用形容词作表语，表示“令人惊讶的”，用形容词surprising。故填surprising。 115．考查时态。句意：在过去的20年里，亚当斯几乎每年都去南极洲旅行。根据时间状语for the last 20 years可知，用现在完成时。主语为第三人称Adams，助动词用has。故填has traveled。 116．考查代词。句意：他的主要兴趣是研究土壤样本，看看生态系统是如何在数万年的时间里适应气候的。名词interest前用形容词性物主代词。故填His。 117．考查非谓语动词。句意：他的主要兴趣是研究土壤样本，看看生态系统是如何在数万年的时间里适应气候的。句中用不定式作目的状语。故填to see。 118．考查介词。句意：他的主要兴趣是研究土壤样本，看看生态系统是如何在数万年的时间里适应气候的。adapt ... to...适应。故填to。 119．考查时态和语态。句意：当他的研究小组进入一个被称为干谷的南极地区，那里的巨大冰川在数千年前消失了，他们发现了完全出乎意料的事情。空处为主句谓语动词，陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时。主语something与discover之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。主语为不定代词something，谓语动词用单数。且故填was discovered。 120．考查名词性从句。句意：他不确定“死亡区域”有多大。根据后句“He thinks it’s probably less than 50 square miles.”可知，问面积大小用how big。故填how。 【科学技术13】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The traditional Chinese craft of turning thick bamboo into delicate slices achieves fame on overseas short video platform TikTok, receiving more than 10 million 121 (view) and hundreds of thousands of likes. The skilled bamboo craftsmen are recording the daily detailed production process of their handicrafts on social media, 122 are regarded as a “ 123 (mystery) Chinese power” in the eyes of foreign netizens. Anne, 124 TikTok talent from Omaha, USA, filmed a reaction video to the artistry and posted 125 online. While witnessing the process of bamboo gradually turning into bamboo silk and pot brushes, she couldn’t contain her 126 (surprise) expression. “A real craftsman,” she said in the video. 127 fancy tools, these bamboo craftsmen make amazing works of art 128 (simple) using their own bare hands. Pan Yunfeng, 51, from Lin’an, Zhejiang, started learning bamboo weaving at an early age and by now with over 5 million followers on Douyin, he 129 (become) a genuine influencer for netizens home and abroad. Bamboo weaving art, 130 (originate) from the Warring States Period 2,000 years ago, has become an essential part of Chinese traditional culture. Now, the popularity of bamboo art on TikTok has opened a window for foreign netizens to better understand Chinese culture. 【答案】 121．views 122．which 123．mysterious 124．a 125．it 126．surprised 127．Without 128．simply 129．has become 130．originating 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了将粗竹片切成细碎的中国传统工艺在海外短视频平台TikTok上广受欢迎。 121．考查名词。句意：将粗壮的竹子切成细碎的中国传统工艺在海外短视频平台抖音上走红，获得了超过1000万的观看量和数十万的点赞。设空处在句中作宾语，和and后的likes(点赞)并列，应用名词复数的形式。故填views。 122．考查定语从句的引导词。句意：技艺精湛的竹制工匠每天都在社交媒体上记录手工艺的详细制作过程，在外国网友眼中，这是一种神秘的中国力量。设空处非限制性的定语从句且在句中作指物的主语，先行词为their handicrafts，应用which。故填which。 123．考查形容词。句意见上题解析。设空处后为名词，设空处应用形容词的形式修饰名词。故填mysterious。 124．考查冠词。句意：安妮是来自美国奥马哈的TikTok达人，她拍摄了一段对这种艺术的反应视频，并发布到网上。设空处后为名词单数，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且空后的形容词为辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 125．考查代词。句意见上题解析。设空处指代上文的“a reaction video (一段反应视频)”应用it。故填it。 126．考查形容词。句意：看着竹子逐渐变成竹丝和锅刷的过程，她无法抑制自己惊讶的表情。“一个真正的工匠，”她在视频中说。设空处应用形容词的形式修饰空后的名词，表示“感到惊讶的”应用动词的过去分词的形式作定语。故填surprised。 127．考查介词。句意：没有花哨的工具，这些竹制工匠仅仅用自己的双手就能做出令人惊叹的艺术品。表示“无、没有”应用without。故填Without。 128．考查副词。句意见上题解析。设空处应用副词的修饰动词，故填simply。 129．考查动词的时态。句意：他从小就开始学习竹编，现在在抖音上有超过500万粉丝，成为了一个真正的影响国内外网民的网红。根据时间状语by now，可知句子的时态为现在完成时。主语为he，结合主谓一致。故答案为has become。 130．考查非谓语动词。句意：竹编艺术起源于2000多年前的战国时期，已成为中国传统文化的重要组成部分。设空处在句中作非谓语，和其逻辑主语Bamboo weaving art之间是逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作定语。故填originating。 【科学技术14】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Plant lovers believe that talking to plants helps them grow. Scientists have discovered there could be real 131 (true) in this belief. Researchers have discovered that plants give off sounds when they are stressed. The sounds are quite similar 132 a human cry. Unfortunately, plant sounds are at too high a frequency for the human ear 133 (pick) up. Humans can only hear frequencies of up to 16 kilohertz (赫兹). Using special Al technology, scientists can now pick up sounds 134 (send) out by plants that are up to 250 kilohertz. The Al can also tell differences between different types of plant sounds. The research 135 (do) in a greenhouse at Israel’s Tel Aviy University. Lead researcher Professor Lilach Hadany said: “Plants usually give off sounds when they 136 (be) under stress. Each plant and each type of stress is connected with 137 specific sound.” She suggested that crop fields could be quite 138 (noise), saying “While unable to be picked up by the human ear, the sounds given off by plants can be heard by bats, 139 (mouse) and insects. Understanding these sounds could help us know when crops need watering, 140 means farmers could water their crops more efficiently and thus save water and money. 【答案】 131．truth 132．to 133．to pick 134．sent 135．was done 136．are 137．a 138．noisy 139．mice 140．which 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。科学家研究发现：当植物受到压力时，会发出声音。这个发现有助于帮助植物生长。 131．考查名词。句意：科学家们已经发现，这种信念可能是真实的。discovered后为省略了引导词that的宾语从句，本空填名词truth“真相，真实性，真实情况”，作从句主语。故填truth。 132．考查固定短语。句意：这种声音与人类的哭声非常相似。结合句意和空前的are quite similar可知，本空填介词to，be similar to“与……相似”，为固定短语。故填to。 133．考查固定句型。句意：不幸的是，植物的声音频率太高，人耳听不到。根据上文的“at too high a frequency (频率) for the human ear”可知，空格处须填to pick，too... to...意为“太……而不能……”。故填to pick。 134．考查非谓语动词。句意：利用特殊的人工智能技术，科学家们现在可以接收到高达250千赫兹的植物发出的声音。本句谓语为can pick up，此处为非谓语动词，且he与give“给”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。分析句子结构可知，sounds与send out“发出”构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填sent。 135．考查动词语态、主谓一致。句意：这项研究是在以色列特拉维夫大学的温室里进行的。根据语境可知事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，且The research与do构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was done。 136．考查动词时态、主谓一致。句意：植物在受到压力时通常会发出声音。结合语境和give可知，本句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，且when引导的时间状语从句的主语为they，be动词用are。故填are。 137．考查冠词。句意：每种植物和每种类型的压力都与一种特定的声音有关。此处泛指“一种特定的声音”，且specific以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 138．考查形容词。句意：她表示，农田可能非常嘈杂，“虽然人耳听不到，但植物发出的声音可以被蝙蝠、老鼠和昆虫听到。”本空应用形容词noisy“吵闹的，嘈杂的”，作表语。故填noisy。 139．考查名词的数。句意：她表示，农田可能非常嘈杂，“虽然人耳听不到，但植物发出的声音可以被蝙蝠、老鼠和昆虫听到。”结合句意可知，老鼠不止一个，应用名词复数形式mice，作by的宾语。故填mice。 140．考查定语从句。句意：了解这些声音可以帮助我们知道作物何时需要浇水，这意味着农民可以更有效地浇灌作物，从而节约用水和资金。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主句，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【科学技术15】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As artificial intelligence products steadily improve at pretending to be human, people will increasingly be put in the unsettling situation of not knowing 141 they are talking to a machine. But the 142 (true) may make such products less effective: recent research finds a trade-off between transparency and cooperation in human-computer interactions. The study used a game in 143 paired players made a series of 144 (decision) to cooperate with betray their partner. In 145 long run, it pays for both to keep cooperating. But there is always the desire 146 (earn) extra points at the partner’s expense. Previous work suggested people tended to distrust machines, so the scientists hoped people 147 (play) with a known robot would recognize its ability to cooperate and would 148 (eventual) get past their distrust. “Sadly, we failed at this goal,” says Talal Rahwan, a senior author on the paper, 149 (publish) last November in Nature Machine Intelligence. “A robot was 150 (likely) to obtain cooperation than another human, even though its strategy was clearly more beneficial to both players.” It seems that there is a long way to go before trust in robots is established. 【答案】 141．whether/if 142．truth 143．which 144．decisions 145．the 146．to earn 147．playing 148．eventually 149．published 150．less likely 【导语】 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人们在使用人工智能产品时发现，在人机交互中，透明度和合作之间存在权衡。 141．考查宾语从句。句意：随着人工智能产品在冒充人类方面的稳步提升，人们将越来越陷入不知道自己是否在和机器说话的令人不安的境地。分析句子结构可知，此处是宾语从句，作动词know的宾语，从句结构完整，结合句意可知此处表示“是否”，应用whether或if引导从句。故填whether/if。 142．考查名词。句意：但事实可能会使这些产品的效果降低:最近的研究发现，在人机交互中，透明度与合作之间存在权衡。根据空格前的冠词the可知，空格处是名词作主语，表达“事实”，应用名词truth。故填truth。 143．考查定语从句。句意：这项研究使用了一个游戏，在这个游戏中，成对的参与者要做出一系列的决定来合作，背叛他们的搭档。此处是限制性定语从句，先行词为a game，在从句中作介词in的宾语。故填which。 144．考查名词的数。句意：这项研究使用了一个游戏，在这个游戏中，成对的参与者要做出一系列的决定来合作，背叛他们的搭档。根据空格前的a series of可知，空格处应填名词的复数。故填decisions。 145．考查冠词。句意：从长远来看，保持合作对双方都有利。 in the long run从长远来看，固定短语。故填the。 146．考查非谓语动词。句意：但是他们总是希望以牺牲伴侣的利益为代价获得额外的分数。空格处应为不定式结构作后置定语，修饰the desire。故填to earn。 147．考查非谓语动词。句意：之前的研究表明，人们倾向于不信任机器，因此科学家们希望，与已知机器人玩耍的人能认识到它的合作能力，并最终消除他们的不信任。逻辑主语people和play之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填playing。 148．考查副词。句意：之前的研究表明，人们倾向于不信任机器，因此科学家们希望，与已知机器人玩耍的人能认识到它的合作能力，并最终消除他们的不信任。空格处作状语，修饰动词get，应用副词形式。故填eventually。 149．考查非谓语动词。句意：“遗憾的是，我们未能实现这一目标，”该论文的资深作者Talal Rahwan说，该论文于去年11月发表在《自然机器智能》上。publish和逻辑主语paper之间是被动关系，应用动词的过去分词形式作后置定语，修饰paper。故填published。 150．考查形容词的比较级。句意：与人类相比，机器人获得合作的可能性更小，尽管它的策略显然对双方都更有利。句中的than表明本空应用形容词比较级，结合句意可知，此处表示“不太可能”。故填less likely。 【科学技术16】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers have been 151 widespread use in farming since the middle of the 20th century. When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase 152 (produce). Overtime, however, what some scientists have found is 153 their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people’s health. As an alternative, some farmers 154 (switch) to organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery. Organic farming is simply farming 155 using any chemicals. Some people would prefer 156 (stop) the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture 157 (entire). What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. Organic farming is nowhere near able 158 (meet) that need. Therefore, there is still a long way to find a 159 (suit) solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while 160 (keep) people and the environment as healthy as possible. 【答案】 151．in 152．production 153．that 154．have switched 155．without 156．to stop 157．entirely 158．to meet 159．suitable 160．keeping 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了两种农业形式，即化学农业和有机农业，并对比了它们各自的优缺点。 151．考查介词。句意：自20世纪中叶以来，化学农药和人工肥料在农业中广泛使用。此处是固定搭配：in widespread use意为“广泛使用”。故填in。 152．考查名词。句意：当它们第一次被引进时，许多农民欢迎它们，认为它们是对抗作物疾病和提高产量的好方法。空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，produce的名词形式是production意为“产量”为不可数名词。故填production。 153．考查表语从句。句意：然而，随着时间的推移，一些科学家发现，它们的长期使用有时会损害土地和人的健康。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句成份和意义都完整，用连接词that引导。故填that。 154．考查动词时态。句意：作为替代方案，一些农民转向有机农业，许多顾客在当地杂货店购物时也转向有机食品。分析句子结构可知，本句是and连接的并列句，switch作前句的谓语，根据后文have turned可知，用现在完成时，主语farmers是复数，助动词用have。故填have switched。 155．考查介词。句意：有机农业就是不使用任何化学物质的农业。根据句意，此处表达“不使用任何化学物质”之意，应用介词without意为“没有”，动名词短语using any chemicals作介词without的宾语。故填without。 156．考查非谓语动词。句意：有些人倾向于完全停止在农业中使用人造化学品。此处是固定搭配：prefer to do sth.意为“更喜欢做某事”。故填to stop。 157．考查副词。句意：有些人倾向于完全停止在农业中使用人造化学品。空处修饰动词短语to stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture，用副词修饰。故填entirely。 158．考查非谓语动词。句意：有机农业远不能满足这种需求。此处是固定搭配：be able to do sth.意为“能做某事”。故填to stop。 159．考查形容词。句意：因此，找到一个合适的解决方案仍然有很长的路要走，既能在餐桌上提供足够的食物，又能尽可能地保持人类和环境的健康。空处修饰空后的名词，应填形容词作定语，suit的形容词形式是suitable。故填suitable。 160．考查非谓语动词。句意：找到一个合适的、既能在餐桌上提供足够的食物，又能尽可能地保持人类和环境健康的方案仍然有很长的路要走。分析可知，空处应填非谓语动词和while构成时间状语，逻辑主语“解决方案”之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填keeping。 【科学技术17】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Midwives bring new life into the world, and these midwifery students at London’s Middlesex University 161 (learn) a new way to do this now. Sarah Chitongo is the educator in this high-tech classroom. Her students use goggles 162 (equip) with augmented reality or AR, so trainee midwives can experience 163 simulated birth. AR is a digital overlay atop something real. It actually allows you 164 (engage) in that type of learning which is more visual than paper-based one. The training helps prepare students for all the potential risks they might face during childbirth, including 165 (handle) a situation that is very complex. Educators say students’ exposure 166 AR makes them more comfortable using it in the classroom. It’s about giving the students the ability to engage with tools and things they have been used to and accustomed to, 167 within a serious learning space, so that they get a better 168 (understand) of it. Chitongo says it took her nearly a decade of midwifing before she 169 (see) a breech delivery. She says with AR technology in the classroom, students can better manage 170 happens in the real world and possibly even save a life. 【答案】 161．are learning 162．equipped 163．a 164．to engage/to be engaged 165．handling 166．to 167．but 168．understanding 169．saw 170．what 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍伦敦米德尔塞克斯大学助产士专业的学生如何通过学习使用增强现实技术(AR)模拟接生，为将来的助产工作做好准备。 161．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：助产士为世界带来了新的生命，伦敦米德尔塞克斯大学的这些助产学学生现在正在学习一种新的方式来实现这一目标。分析句子可知，learn(学习)是分句中谓语动词，与主语these midwifery students之间是主动关系，结合句意和时间状语now可知，描述当前正在发生的事情应使用现在进行时态，又因主语是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用现在进行时的主动语态，复数形式。故填are learning。 162．考查非谓语动词。句意：她的学生使用配备增强现实或AR的护目镜，因此实习助产士可以体验一种模拟分娩。“(equip) with augmented reality or AR”作后置定语，equip(配备)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语goggles之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填equipped。 163．考查冠词。句意：她的学生使用配备增强现实或AR的护目镜，因此实习助产士可以体验一种模拟分娩。可数名词birth在句中表示“一种模拟分娩”，泛指，空格后单词simulated发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 164．考查非谓语动词。句意：它实际上让你参与到那种比纸质学习更直观的学习中。allow sb. to do...是固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，用不定式作宾语补足语；engage可作动词，表示“参加”，构成不定式短语to engage in...作宾语补足语，也可使用形容词engaged构成短语be engaged in...，意为“参与”，用不定式形式to be engaged作宾语补足语。故填to engage/to be engaged。 165．考查非谓语动词。句意：培训帮助学生为分娩过程中可能面临的所有潜在风险做好准备，包括处理非常复杂的情况。介词including后用动名词作宾语。故填handling。 166．考查介词。句意：教育工作者表示，学生接触到增强现实技术后，他们在课堂上使用它会更自如。名词exposure常与介词to搭配，exposure to...“暴露于……；接触到……”。故填to。 167．考查连词。句意：这是为了让学生有能力使用他们已经习惯了的工具和东西，但在一个严肃的学习空间里，这样他们就能更好地理解它。根据句中“engage with tools and things they have been used to and accustomed to”和“within a serious learning space”可知，让学生使用他们已经习惯了的工具和东西，但要在一个严肃的学习空间里进行，上下文之间有转折对比关系，用连词but连接。故填but。 168．考查名词。句意：这是为了让学生有能力使用他们已经习惯了的工具和东西，但在一个严肃的学习空间里，这样他们就能更好地理解它。提示词作宾语，用名词understanding，意为“理解，领会”；get a better understanding of...“更好地理解……”。故填understanding。 169．考查时态和语态。句意：Chitongo说，她花了将近十年的时间才看到臀位分娩。分析句子可知，see(看到)是从句中谓语动词，与主语she之间是主动关系，结合句意和主句时态可知，讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态。故填saw。 170．考查名词性从句。句意：她说，在课堂上使用AR技术，学生可以更好地管理现实世界中发生的事情，甚至可能挽救生命。“ happens in the real world”是宾语从句，从句缺少主语，结合句意，表示“(现实世界中发生的)事情”，应用连接代词what引导该宾语从句。故填what。 【科学技术18】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has once again proved its 171 (able) to change the world with the “new four great inventions”: high-speed railways, electronic payments, shared bicycles and online shopping. They’re related to China's high-tech innovation (创新), 172 has improved the quality of people’s lives, according to a survey 173 (make) by the Belt and Road Research Institute of Beijing Foreign Studies University. “My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat whatever I want simply with a fingertip on my phone,” said 174 university student, adding that “even pancake sellers are using mobile payment”. The bikes 175 (them) are not new, but the operating model of bike-sharing 176 (base) on satellite navigation system, mobile payment, big data and other high technologies. China has entered a new innovative era, thanks to the large amounts of capital China has invested in 177 (encourage) innovation, said Bernhard Schwartlander, WHO Representative in China. It is increasingly clear that China is innovating and no longer copying Western ideas. This is especially true in mobile, where China is leading 178 many ways such as social messaging app WeChat, she said. This is partly because China skipped over the PC era and went 179 (direct) to mobile. China has a 180 (large) mobile use than any other country in the world. 【答案】 171．ability 172．which 173．made 174．a 175．themselves 176．is based 177．encouraging 178．in 179．directly 180．larger 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国改变世界的“新四大发明”：高速铁路、电子支付、共享单车、网上购物。 171．考查名词。句意：中国通过“新四大发明”——高速铁路、电子支付、共享单车和网上购物——再次证明了自己改变世界的能力。proved后接名词作宾语，需要的词义为“能力”，即ability，故填ability。 172．考查定语从句。句意：据北京外国语大学“一带一路”研究院的一项调查显示，这与中国的高科学技术有关，科学技术提高了人们的生活质量。本句为非限定性定语从句，代替先行词innovation在非限制性定语从句中作主语应用关系代词which做引导词，故填which。 173．考查过去分词。句意：据北京外国语大学“一带一路”研究院的一项调查显示，这与中国的高科学技术有关，科学技术提高了人们的生活质量。句中已有谓语动词has improved，因此make作为非谓语动词，且和逻辑主语survey 之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填made。 174．考查冠词。句意：一名大学生说道，“我的钱包不用了”，他还补充说，“甚至卖煎饼的人也在使用移动支付”。student为可数名词，此处表示泛指一个学生，university是辅音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词a，故填a。 175．考查反身代词。句意：自行车本身并不新鲜，但共享单车的运营模式是基于卫星导航系统、移动支付、大数据等高科技。本句为反身代词作bikes的同位语，bikes为复数名词，反身代词用themselves，故填themselves。 176．考查时态和语态。句意：自行车本身并不新鲜，但共享单车的运营模式是基于卫星导航系统、移动支付、大数据等高科技。空处为句子谓语动词，base和句子主语operating model (单数)之间是被动关系，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填is based。 177．考查动名词。句意：世界卫生组织驻华代表Bernhard Schwartlander表示，由于中国在鼓励创新方面投入了大量资金，中国已进入一个新的创新时代。介词in后跟动名词作宾语，故填encouraging。 178．考查介词。句意：她说，在移动领域尤其如此，中国在很多方面都处于领先地位，比如社交通讯应用微信。短语in many ways 意为“在许多方面”，故填in。 179．考查副词。句意：部分原因是中国跳过了PC时代，直接进入了移动领域。使用副词作状语修饰动词went，需要的词义为“直接地”，故填directly。 180．考查形容词的比较级。句意：中国的手机用户比世界上任何其他国家都多。根据下文的than可知，应用形容词的比较级，故填larger。 【科学技术19】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Emojis are widely used in our daily lives and have become 181 important way of communication. The first emojis were created in 1999 by Japanese designer Shigetaka Kurita, 182 worked on a mobile Internet platform 183 (call) i-mode. Kurita attempted to develop a simple way for people 184 (express) emotions in short text messages. As emojis gained 185 (popular), they faced a significant technical hurdle (障碍) : early emojis could not 186 (send) across different mobile platforms, since there was no standardized encoding (编码). This issue was resolved in 2010 by the Unicode Consortium, an organization responsible 187 maintaining a standardized encoding of text and symbols across platforms. This allowed for cross-platform communication and continued expansion in emoji usage worldwide. Given 188 (they) origins in Japan, many early emoji characters were reflective of Japanese culture. As they’ve spread 189 (global), new characters have been added to account for cultural differences and provide a more universal means of communication. Users must also consider cultural sensitivities when 190 (communicate) via emojis, as certain symbols can have hugely different meanings across different cultures. 【答案】 181．an 182．who 183．called 184．to express 185．popularity 186．be sent 187．for 188．their 189．globally 190．communicating 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了表情符号的起源以及传播过程。 181．考查冠词。句意：表情符号在我们的日常生活中被广泛使用，已经成为一种重要的交流方式。可数名词way此处为泛指，用不定冠词修饰，且important是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 182．考查定语从句。句意：1999年，日本设计师Shigetaka Kurita在一个名为i-mode的移动互联网平台上创作了第一批表情符号。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Shigetaka Kurita，在从句作主语，指人，故填who。 183．考查非谓语动词。句意：1999年，日本设计师Shigetaka Kurita在一个名为i-mode的移动互联网平台上创作了第一批表情符号。分析句子结构可知call与逻辑主语platform构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填called。 184．考查非谓语动词。句意：Kurita试图开发一种简单让人们在短信中表达情感的方法。在way后用动词不定式作后置定语，意为“做某事的方法”。故填to express。 185．考查名词。句意：随着表情符号的流行，它们面临着一个重大的技术障碍：早期的表情符号无法在不同的移动平台上发送，因为没有标准化的编码。作gain的宾语，应用名词popularity，不可数。故填popularity。 186．考查语态。句意：随着表情符号的流行，它们面临着一个重大的技术障碍：早期的表情符号无法在不同的移动平台上发送，因为没有标准化的编码。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且could not后跟动词原形。故填be sent。 187．考查介词。句意：这个问题在2010年由Unicode联盟解决，该联盟负责维护跨平台文本和符号的标准化编码。短语be responsible for表示“负责”。故填for。 188．考查代词。句意：由于它们起源于日本，许多早期的表情符号都反映了日本文化。修饰名词origins应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 189．考查副词。句意：随着它们在全球范围内的传播，新的汉字被添加进来，以解释文化差异，并提供一种更通用的交流方式。修饰动词spread应用副词globally，故填globally。 190．考查非谓语动词。句意：用户在使用表情符号交流时还必须考虑文化敏感性，因为某些符号在不同的文化中可能有截然不同的含义。此处为状语从句的省略，且communicate与users构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填communicating。 【科学技术20】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Northwest China’s Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region has adopted digital technology 191 (preserve) ancient cliff (悬崖) carvings and paintings before their disappearance. Workers have copied more than 2, 000 immovable rock carvings and paintings at Helan Mountain to digitalize the overall views as well as 192 (they) accurate locations. The digital information will be sorted and workers will conduct a disease 193 (analyse). Rock carvings 194 (appear) before writing systems were invented. At Helan Mountain, more than 20, 000 cliff paintings and carvings created by the ancestors have been discovered, most of 195 record the lives of the people who lived 3, 000 to 10, 000 years ago. In general, the majority of images are animals, 196 (follow) by humans, vehicles, plants, planets, fingerprints and abstract signs. The surfaces were mainly carved with stone or metal, and 197 (expose) to the open air makes the protection of rock paintings and carvings a 198 (remarkable) big issue. At present, there is no effective, naturally scientific and technological means to prevent their disappearance. Some experts have predicted 199 the end of this century, 200 quarter of the world’s rock paintings will have disappeared ultimately. 【答案】 191．to preserve 192．their 193．analysis 194．had appeared 195．which 196．followed 197．being exposed 198．remarkably 199．by 200．a/one 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。在古代石刻和壁画消失之前，中国西北部的宁夏回族自治区采用了数字技术来保护它们。 191．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国西北的宁夏回族自治区已经采用数字技术来保护古老的悬崖雕刻和绘画，以免它们消失。分析句子成分，该句子的谓语动词是 has adopted，空处填非谓语动词。由句意可知，采用数字技术的目的是为了保护古代石刻和壁画，所以填不定式to preserve，作目的状语。故填to preserve。 192．考查代词。句意：工人们复制了贺兰山2000多件不可移动的岩石雕刻和绘画，并将其整体视图及其准确位置数字化。空后是名词locations，所以空处填形容词性物主代词their作定语。故填their。 193．考查名词。句意：这些数字信息将被分类，工作人员将进行病因分析。空前是动词will conduct，所以空处填名词analysis，由冠词a可知，此处填单数，构成名词短语disease analysis。故填analysis。 194．考查时态。句意：在文字系统发明之前，岩石雕刻就已经出现了。分析句子成分，该空在句中作谓语动词。由句意可知，“出现”发生在过去动作“发明”之前，表示过去的过去用过去完成时，即had appeared。故填had appeared。 195．考查定语从句。句意：在贺兰山，发现了两万多幅由先人创作的岩画和雕刻，其中大部分记录了生活在3000到10000年前的人们的生活。分析句子结构，此处考查“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词cliff paintings and carvings，指物，代替先行词在从句中作主语，位于介词之后，所以填关系代词which。故填which。 196．考查非谓语动词。句意：一般来说，大多数图像是动物，其次是人类、车辆、植物、行星、指纹和抽象符号。分析句子成分，该句子谓语动词是are，空处填非谓语动词，由提示介词by可知，此处填过去分词followed表被动。故填followed。 197．考查非谓语动词。句意：岩石表面主要由石头或金属雕刻而成，暴露在户外使岩画和雕刻的保护成为一个非常大的问题。并列连词and后的谓语动词是makes，所以空处非谓语动词。分析句子成分，该空在句中作主语，且表示被动，所以填动名词的被动语态，即being exposed。故填being exposed。 198．考查副词。句意：岩石表面主要由石头或金属雕刻而成，暴露在户外使岩画和雕刻的保护成为一个非常大的问题。分析句子成分，空后是形容词big，所以该空填副词remarkably，表示“明显，非常”，作状语。故填remarkably。 199．考查介词和固定短语。句意：一些专家预测，到本世纪末，世界上四分之一的岩画将最终消失。根据空后提示词“the end of ”和动词“will have disappeared”可知，此处填介词by，构成短语by the end of表示“到……为止”，常和完成时连用。故填by。 200．考查冠词或代词。句意：一些专家预测，到本世纪末，世界上四分之一的岩画将最终消失。空后是可数名词单数quarter。a/one quarter of为固定短语，意为“四分之一”。故填a/one。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$