内容正文:
重点词汇及短语
Unit 3 Pets
1
1. opinion n. 意见,想法,看法
e. g. The opinion is accepted as true. 这个意见被认为是正确的。
in one's opinion依某人的看法
e. g. In my opinion, the second view is one-sided and partial. 我认为,第2种看法是片面的。
Ⅰ. Words.
2. responsibility n. 责任,负责
e. g. I did it on my own responsibility(= without being told to and being willing to take the blame if it had gone wrong).
我做的这件事,由我自己负责。
【知识拓展】be responsible for对…负责
e. g. My father is responsible for a big department store in Shanghai.
3. death n. 死亡
e. g. Car accidents have caused many deaths. 车祸造成了许多人死亡。
death的动词形式是die
He became very ill and then he died. 他病得很重,接着就死了。
【知识拓展】
die of死于(疾病、过度悲伤等)
People are dying of cancer more and more often. 死于癌症的人越来越多了。
die from死于(某种原因,不包括疾病、过度悲伤等)
In a severe winter, wild animals can die from lack of food. 在寒冷的冬天,野兽可能因为缺乏食物而饿死。
4. respect n.& v. 尊重,慎重对待
e. g. The new teacher soon won the respect of his students. 这位新来的老师很快就赢得了学生们的尊重。
【知识拓展】 respectable adj. 值得尊敬的
5. faithfully adv. 忠实地,忠诚地
e. g. He always performs his duties faith fully.
他一贯忠实地履行自己的职责。
【知识拓展】faith n. 信仰,信任
e. g. Faith that justice would prevail impelled us forward.
正义必胜的信念激励着我们前进。
faithful adj. 忠实的,守信的
e. g. We are all faith full listeners to the program.
我们都是这档节目的忠实听众。
6. mess
①肮脏,杂乱;不整洁
②(狗、猫等的)粪便
e. g. The room was in a mess. 这个房间杂乱不堪。
7. result n. 后果;结果
e. g. Success depends on the results of this experiment. 成功与否取决于这次实验的效果。
8. bite v. 咬
e. g. Barking dogs seldom bite. 爱叫的狗不咬人。
9. extremely adv. 极其,非常
e. g. She found it extremely difficult to get a job. 她发觉找工作极其困难。
10. unhappy adj. 不快乐的,不幸福的;悲伤的
e. g. For all this wealth, he was unhappy. 尽管他富有,但他并不幸福。
【知识拓展】否定前缀un-加在名词,形容词,副词之前
如:unfinished(未完成的)undoubted(无疑的),unhappy(不快乐的)
类似的否定前缀in-加在形容词,名词之前
如:incorrect(不正确的),inability(无能,无力),inaccurate(不准确的)
im-加在字母m,b,p之前
如:impossible(不可能的),impolite(不礼貌的)
1. from side to side 从左到右
e. g. The ship rolled from side to side. 船左右摇晃。
【知识拓展】side by side肩并肩地;一起
e. g. The two children are walking side by side. 那两个孩子肩并肩地走着。
2. grow up 成长;长大
e. g. Their children have all grown up and left home now.
他们的孩子都已长大成人离开家了。
3. according to据(……所说)
e. g. According to Mick, it's a great movie. 据米克说,这是一部了不起的电影。
You've been absent six times according to our records. 根据我们的记录,你已经缺席六次了。
Ⅱ. Daily expressions. 日常表达
4. care for关爱
e. g. Young people should learn to care for others. 年轻人应该学会关爱他人。
【知识拓展】take care of照顾
e. g They appointed her to take care of that old man. 他们委派她照顾那位老人。
care about喜欢
e. g. I really care about the students in my class. 我的确喜欢这个班上的学生。
5. as a result因此;结果
e. g. As a result, he had to leave. 结果他只得离开。
【知识拓展】
result from起因于
e. g. His illness resulted from bad food. 他的病是由于吃了变质的食物所致。
result in结果;导致是
e. g. Their dispute resulted in war. 他们的争端导致了战争。
6. stop… from 阻止某事发生
e. g. The guard stopped him from going through the gate. 警卫不让他通过大门。
【指点迷津】stop to do sth. 与stop doing sth.
stop to do sth. 停止、中断(某件事),目的是去做另一件事
e. g. They stopped to work and have a rest. 他们停下来工作并休息了一会儿。
stop doing sth. 停下正在做的事
Please stop speaking. It’s time to begin our class. 请肃静,上课时间到了。
7. what's more而且
e. g. What's more, most people in modern cities live in flats. 而且大多数的人生活在大城市里的公寓里。
8. pay for为……付钱
e. g. I have to pay 150 dollars for the sewing machine. 我得花150美元买这台缝纫机。
【指点迷津】spend, take, pay, cost
四者都可表示“花费”
(1) spend的主语通常是人,往往用于以下句型:(sb)spend some money/some time on sth.
(sb)spend some money/some time(in)doing sth.
e. g. I spent fifty yuan on the coat. =I spent fifty yuan (in) buying the coat. 我花50元买了这件大衣。
(2)take常用于“占用、花费”时间,其主话通常为形式主语“it"或物。句式是:
It takes/took sb. some time to do sth=Sth. takes sb. some time.
e. g. It took me three years to draw the beautiful horses. 画这些漂亮的马花费了我3年时间。
The work will take me two days.这项工作花了2天时间。
(3) pay为“付款,赔偿”之意,主语通常是人,往往是sb.pays some money for sth
或pay sb.(some moneyfor sth)
e. g. I paid fifty yuan for the coat. 我花50元买了这件大衣。
(4) cost的主语必须是某物。动词cost的常用用法是sth. cost (sb. )some money。
e. g. The dictionary cost me $20. 这本字典花了我20美元。
Using
1.My room is (mess). I have to tidy it up.
2.Everyone should present their own ______ at the meeting. (opinion)
3.To my (surprised), they helped me find my lost bike.
4.We were all (shock) at the news.
5. (certain), he is a clever and brave man.
6.There are two small (goldfish) in that tank.
7.On my birthday party, my parents had a big party for me and gave me a (surprise) present.
8.When Andy was about his lost smart phone, his friend gave him a big hug. (happy)
9.Mr Hu was busy with the work and had little time to sleep. (extreme)
10.She (bite) the apple and it tasted very good.
11.She frowned when she saw her son’s dirty and (mess) room.
12.This rabbit is much (cute).
13.I think Teddy Bear is the (cute) of the two.
14.Students are sharing different on the project in Mr Li’s class. (opinion)
15.Please look at all (side) of the question before you decide.
16.Each coin has two (side). Beautiful songs, sometimes, may be noise to others.
17.He was so (shock) at the news that he could hardly say a word.
18.I will (certain) go to Jane’s party, but I’ll be a little late.
19.Students have read their favourite books and written reviews for the (discuss).
20.Some (review) about the book are interesting.
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Keys
1.messy【详解】句意:我的房间很乱。我得把它整理一下。mess“混乱”,名词,此处应用形容词messy“凌乱的,不整洁的”作表语。故填messy。
2.opinions【详解】句意:每个人都应该在会议上提出自己的意见。根据句子结构和括号中的提示词“opinion”可知,此处应填名词复数形式作宾语。故填opinions。
3.surprise
【详解】句意:令我惊讶的是,他们帮我找到了丢失的自行车。根据“my”可知此处需填形容词surprised的名词形式surprise“惊讶”,构成介词短语to one’s surprise“让某人惊讶的是”。故填surprise。
4.shocked【详解】句意:听到这个消息我们都震惊了。主语是We,修饰人,应用形容词shocked“震惊的”作表语,故填shocked。
5.Certainly
【详解】句意:当然,他是一个聪明又勇敢的人。根据“...he is a clever and brave man.”可知,空处应填一个副词,修饰整个句子。certain“无疑”,形容词,其副词形式为certainly,位于句首,首字母大写。故填Certainly。
6.goldfish
【详解】句意:鱼缸里有两条小金鱼。根据“are two”可知,需要名词复数,goldfish单复同形,故填goldfish。
7.surprising
【详解】句意:在我的生日聚会上,我父母为我举办了一场盛大的聚会,并给了我一份惊喜的礼物。分析句子结构可知,此处应用形容词,作定语,修饰“present”,surprising“令人惊讶的”符合。故填surprising。
8.unhappy
【详解】句意:当安迪因为丢了智能手机不高兴的时候,他的朋友给了他一个大大的拥抱。happy“高兴的”;结合“about his lost smart phone”可知,安迪丢了智能手机,应是感到不高兴,所以要填“happy”的反义词“unhappy不开心的”。故填unhappy。
9.extremely
【详解】句意:胡先生极其忙于工作,几乎没有时间睡觉。根据“...had little time to sleep.”可知,胡先生非常忙碌,用副词修饰形容词,因此应填extremely“极其”。故填extremely。
10.bit
【详解】句意:她咬了一口苹果,味道很好。and 连接两个并列的句子,其前后句子的时态应一致。根据“tasted”可知,句子时态为一般过去时,谓语动词使用过去式。bite的过去式为bit。故填bit。
11.messy
【详解】句意:当她看到她儿子肮脏凌乱的房间时,她皱起了眉头。根据句意和所给词汇可知,空处应填形容词作定语修饰名词room,mess意为“脏乱”,是名词,其形容词为messy。故填messy。
12.cuter
【详解】句意:这个兔子可爱得多。much修饰形容词的比较级cuter“更可爱”。故填cuter。
13.cuter
【详解】句意:我认为泰迪熊是两者中比较可爱的那个。“cute”是形容词,表示“可爱的”。根据“of the two”可知是二者的比较,用“cute”的比较级形式cuter。故填cuter。
14.opinions
【详解】句意:在李老师的课堂上,学生们正在就这个项目分享不同的意见。根据所给单词及“Students are sharing different...”可知,句子主语是students,因此应使用复数形式。故填opinions。
15.sides
【详解】句意:在你做决定之前,请考虑一下这个问题的各个方面。根据“all”可知,空处填可数名词的复数,side的复数是sides。故填sides。
16.sides
【详解】句意:每个硬币都有两面,美妙的歌声,有时候,可能对别人来说是噪音。根据“two”可知,空处用名词复数形式。故填sides。
17.shocked
【详解】句意:他对这个消息很震惊,以至于他几乎说不出一句话。shock“震惊”,根据“was”可知,此处用形容词作表语,修饰人,用-ed的形容词。故填shocked。
18.certainly
【详解】句意:我一定会去参加简的聚会,但会晚一点。certain“无疑的,确定的”,形容词。此处应该用副词来修饰动词go,certain的副词为certainly,故填certainly。
19.discussion
【详解】句意:学生们读了他们最喜欢的书,并为讨论写了评论。discuss“讨论”,是动词,作为介词for的宾语,用名词,故填discussion。
20.reviews
【详解】句意:关于这本书的一些评论很有趣。由are可知,主语应该是复数形式,review意为“评论”,这里用复数reviews。故填reviews。
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Using
21.It is necessary for students to review what they have learned before the (exam).
22.After a while, she (apology) for the way she behaved at the beginning.
23.—I don’t know what to write about in the report.
—You can read some (review) about the book.
24.The news made me (happy) and I told it to my parents at once.
25.This summer is hot and I prefer to stay at home reading my favourite books. (extreme)
26.Medical workers and scientists are always on the frontlines. They’re worth (respect).
27.Bowing is a sign of (respect).
28.My sister volunteers at an animal hospital (care) for the animals.
29.She is very (care) and she always (care) for others.
30.One-fifth of the world’s plants may out over the next 20 years. (death)
31.The smog from the fire has already caused hundreds of and illnesses. (death)
32.The young man’s behavior cost his father many sleepless nights. (responsibility)
33.The bus driver is for the safety of passengers. (responsibility)
34.Dear Mum, I (grow) up. Please don’t treat me like a child any more.
35.Don’t worry. It takes time for children (grow) up.
36.Don’t be afraid. My dog (not bite).
37.We should for our unreasonable behaviors. (apology)
38. (review) from time to time can help you learn English well.
39.We can learn about life and from keeping a pet dog. (die)
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Keys
21.exams【详解】句意:学生在考试前复习所学内容是必要的。此处指不止一场考试,用名词复数exams“考试”。故填exams。
22.apologized【详解】句意:过了一会儿,她为自己当初的行为道歉。根据“After a while”可知,此处描述的是过去某个时间发生的动作,应该用一般过去时,此处用动词过去式apologized,意为“道歉”。故填apologized。
23.reviews【详解】句意:——不知道报告要写什么。——你可以看一些关于这本书的评论。some修饰可数名词复数形式reviews,意为“评论”。故填reviews。
24.happy【详解】句意:这个消息使我很高兴,我马上把它告诉了我的父母。made是使役动词,后面接形容词作宾语补足语,表示“使我高兴”,故填happy。
25.extremely【详解】句意:今年夏天非常热,我宁愿待在家里读我最喜欢的书。根据“This summer is …hot”可知句子结构完整,空处应填副词修饰hot。extreme的副词形式是extremely。故填extremely。
26.respecting【详解】句意:医务工作者和科学家总是站在第一线。他们值得尊重。
根据句意理解可知,这里表达的是“值得尊重”,英语表达“值得做某事”是be worth doing sth,所以空格应该用doing形式,故答案为respecting。
27.respect【详解】句意:鞠躬是尊重的标志。of是介词,后接名词,故填respect。
28.to care【详解】句意:我姐姐在一家动物医院做志愿者照顾这些动物。care for“照顾”,分析句子可知,“在一家动物医院做志愿者”的目的是“照顾这些动物”,作目的状语用动词不定式。故填to care。
29. caring cares【详解】句意:她是善解人意的,总是关心别人。根据“She is very”以及后文“for others.”可知,第一空应该说她善解人意,caring“善解人意的”,作表语;第二空应该说关心别人,结合“always”可知,该句是一般现在时,主语是“she”,动词填三单形式cares“关心”。故填caring;cares。
30.die【详解】句意:世界上五分之一的植物可能在未来20年内灭绝。分析句子成分可知,本句缺少谓语动词。die“死亡”,die out“灭绝”,情态动词may后用动词原形。故填die。
31.deaths【详解】句意:大火产生的烟雾已经造成数百人死亡和疾病。hundreds of“数百”,后加名词复数。death“死亡”的复数是deaths。故填deaths。
32.irresponsible【详解】句意:这个年轻人不负责任的行为花费他父亲许多个不眠之夜。根据“cost his father many sleepless nights”可知,是年轻人不负责任的行为导致他父亲睡不着觉,用形容词irresponsible“不负责任的”修饰其后的名词。故填irresponsible。
33.responsible【详解】句意:公共汽车司机对乘客的安全负责。根据“the safety of passengers”可知,此句是说司机对乘客安全负责,be responsible for“为……负责”,所给词为名词,此处用其形容词responsible作表语。故填responsible。
34.have grown【详解】句意:亲爱的妈妈,我已经长大了。请不要再把我当孩子看待了。根据“Dear Mum, I...up. Please don’t treat me like a child any more.”可知,已经长大,不再是一个小孩子了,用现在完成时,故填have grown。
35.to grow【详解】句意:别担心。孩子长大需要时间。根据“It takes time for children … up.”可知,本句为it takes time for sb. to do sth.句型,意为“某人花费时间做某事”,it为形式主语,真正的主语为动词不定式,因此此处应用to grow up“成长”。故填to grow。
36.doesn’t bite【详解】句意:不要害怕。我的狗不咬人。根据题干,句子是一般现在时,主语my dog是第三人称单数,否定句应借助助动词doesn’t,其后接动词原形。故填doesn’t bite。
37.apologize【详解】句意:我们应该为我们不合理的行为道歉。should是情态动词,后面跟动词原形。“apology”是名词,其动词形式是“apologize”,意为“道歉”。故填apologize。
38.Reviewing【详解】句意:不时复习可以帮助你学好英语。review是动词,此处应用动名词作主语。故填Reviewing。
39.death【详解】句意:我们可以从养宠物狗中学到生与死。根据“We can learn about life and…from keeping a pet dog. (die)”可知,此处是指生死,应用die的名词形式death“死亡”表示。故填death。
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see you again
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