Unit 3 Trouble！重点词汇拓展（同步课件）-【上好课】2024-2025学年八年级英语上册同步精品课堂（牛津上海版）

Unit3 Trouble！ 重点词汇 1 happen        v.出现，发生    e．g．What happened next, Jim? 后来怎么啦，吉姆？ 【常用搭配】 (1) happen to sb．／sth．成为某人（事）的体验或命运；降临到某人（事）的头上 e.g.  What's happened to my feet? They hurt badly!我的脚怎么了？很疼呀！ (2) happen to be/do恰巧，碰巧    e.g.  Mary happened to be there when I went into the kitchen.        =It happened that Mary was there when l went into the kitchen.         当我进厨房的时候，恰巧玛莉在那。   【指点迷津：happen， take place】     happen和take place都表示“发生”，二者都不能用于被动语态，happen强调偶然性，而take place则强调必然性或计划性。 e.g. The traffic accident happened on a foggy afternoon，这起交通事故发生在一个多雾的下午。       Great changes have taken place in my hometown．我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 /'ɑ:ɡju:/ argue v. talk angrily with somebody because you do not agree He argued with Mary about the best place for a holiday. /'di:l wɪð/ deal with look after something and do what is necessary I’m too busy to deal with this problem now. How would you deal with that thief? trouble   n (l) 麻烦 e.g. Tom never makes any trouble at school.  汤姆在学校从不惹麻烦。 (2)困难；困境 e.g. We got in trouble when the car broke down in a storm.车子在暴风雨中坏了，我们陷入了困境。   【知识拓展】  trouble   v． (l)麻烦：烦扰；请求。 e.g.  Could I trouble you for the time?  (=What time is it?) 打扰了，请问现在几点了？ (2)使烦恼，使苦恼。 e.g. What's troubling you? 你因何事而烦恼？ /ʌn'ju:ʒuəl/ unusual adj. strange or uncommon It was not unusual for me to come home late. He has a nose of unusual size. happen to What will happen to her now? I hope nothing has happened to my friend. /'ɑ:ɡjumənt/ argument n. an angry talk between people with different ideas Most families have arguments over money. The argument turned into a fight when knives were produced. Do you remember …? argue v. hold out put something towards somebody Jill held out her glass to be refilled. She held out her hand to him. /kraʊd/ crowd n. a lot of people together There is a large crowd at the football match. a big crowd of people Do you remember …? crowded /'kraʊdɪd/ adj. full of people 【常用搭配】  a big crowd of people一大群人 【知识扩展】crowded  adj. 拥挤的 /steə(r)/ stare v. look at somebody or something for a long time He was staring out of the window. He stared at the word, trying to remember what it meant. You should remember: stare at … 【常用搭配】  stare at盯着，盯住 e.g. He stared at the word trying to remember what it meant. 他盯着这个单词，努力想记起它的意思。 /θru:/ through prep. from one side or end of something to the other side or end Tom walked through the school gate. Our bus just passed through the tunnel. (l)穿过，通过 e.g. They drove through the tunnel. 他们开车穿过了隧道。 (2)从开始到结束，自始至终   e.g. They travelled through the night. 他们走了一整夜。 (3)因为    e.g. She got the job through her father，她是通过她父亲而得到这份工作的。 (4)接通电话    e.g. Can you put me through to Jill Knight,please? 劳驾，请吉尔·奈特接电话。 /'kwaɪətlɪ/ quietly adv. with little sound or no sound ‘I’m going to do it,’ I said quietly. opposite: loudly  follow (1) v. 跟随 e.g. Follow me and I'll show you the way. 跟着我，我给你指路。      You go first and I'll follow (you)later.您先请，我跟着您！   (2) v. 领会；理解 e.g. I'm afraid I don't follow you．对不起你讲的我没听懂。      The maths problem was a little difficult to follow．这道数学题有点难懂。   【知识拓展】   (1) follower  n. 迫随者；崇拜者 e.g. St. Peter was one of Christ's first followers．圣·彼得是基督最早的门徒之一。    (2) following  adj. next随后的 e.g. My friend Will called me the following day．我的朋友威尔第二天给我打了电话。 /sti:l/ steal v. secretly take something that is not yours A thief stole my mobile phone this February. You should remember: steal  stole /stəʊl/  stolen /'stəʊln/  steal    偷，窃取 e.g.  A thief stole my mobile phone this February. 今年2月，我的手机被小偷给偷了。 【指点迷津：rob, steal】 rob一般有暴力抢夺的含义，而steal却是偷偷摸摸盗取的意思。它们的搭配分别为steal sth. from sb．和rob sb. of sth. /pɜ:s/ purse n. a small bag that you keep money in /'pəʊstkɑ:d/ postcard n. a card with a picture on one side, that you write on and send by post /ɡɒn/ gone adj. (of a person) having left a place; away from a place; (of a thing) used up Now his job was gone. ‘Is Tom here?’ ‘No, he was gone before I arrived.’ /ɡeɪt/ gate n. a kind of door in a fence or wall outside I’ll wait for you at the gate. /ə'bɔ:d/ aboard adv. on or onto a ship, train, bus or an aeroplane Are all the passengers aboard the ship? Welcome aboard! go after follow You first! I go after you. /streɪnʤ/ strange adj. unusual or surprising It’s strange that he has failed in the exam. She was startled by a strange voice. (be) afraid of Susan is afraid of Tom’s dog. Don’t be afraid of asking other people for help. I’m afraid of being late again. afraid    adj. 害怕，担心 I am afraid you are wrong about that．这事儿我想恐怕是你错了。     At the news the old lady was so afraid that her face was drained of blood. 老太太一听到这消息就吓得脸上失去了血色。   【友情提示】afraid只能用来作表语（即放在系动词之后），不能作定语。如果表示“一个担惊受怕的人”，应用a frightened person，不能用an afraid person。 /'daɪəl/ dial n. make a telephone call by moving a dial or pushing buttons She dialled London direct. /θeft/ theft n. taking something that is not yours; stealing Car theft is a big problem in this city. There were a lot of thefts in this area last month. 【知识拓展】  rob  vt. “抢劫，盗窃”， rob sb. of sth. 抢某人某物。       e.g. He robbed me of my watch. 他抢走了我的手表。  robber. n. 抢劫者       e.g. He was a robber two years ago. 两年前他是一个抢劫犯。 /'di:teɪl/ detail n. information about something He can probably tell us all the details we want. put … down Please put the case down. It’s too heavy for you. The case is too heavy for you. Please put it down. get off You may get off the bus at Xujiahui. Get on the underground at People’s Square Station. opposite: get on /'wʌrɪd/ worried adj. unhappy because you think that something bad will happen or has happened The mother is worried about her son’s safety. well done words that you say to somebody who has done something good ‘How much of the Earth is water?’ ‘About three quarters.’ ‘Well done.’ /'ri:əlaɪz/ realize v. understand or know something I didn’t realize (that) you were so unhappy. The moment I saw here, I realized something was wrong. /faɪt/ fight v. try to hurt or kill each other using their hands, knives or guns The children are fighting. You should remember: fight  fought /fɔ:t/  fought Using 1．My best friend sent me many          (postcard) from the UK. 2．My mother          (usual) reads the newspaper at 7 o’clock in the morning. 3．Don’t          about it. Everything will be OK. (worried) 4．The glass            (break) into pieces when it fell on the floor. 5．The queen          (die) on September 8th. The news made many people sad. 6．Her daughter           (fly) to France last week. 7．The little girl          (fall) over and hurt her leg. 8．Her wet clothes          (stick) to her body because of the sudden rain just now. 9．He was so angry that he          (leave) the room without saying a word. 10．We should listen to the teacher          (quiet) in class. 11．I heard a big          last night under Block 2. (argue) 12．—Where did you go on vacation? —We           (go) to the mountains. 13．Parents often tell us not to speak to          (strange). However, I think learning the skills of communicating with them is more important. 14．It’s impolite       (stare) at people. 15．When I entered the classroom, Emma and Cathy were having an          . (argue) 16．It’s time for us to draw          (detail) pictures. 17．Please prepare a        schedule for the meeting to be held next month. (detail) 18．—When will your brother arrive? —I don’t know. He will give me a call as soon as he          (get) off the train. 19．Don’t be             (worry) about my study, Mum. 20．She           (realize) she left her homework at home when she was on her way to school. 33 Keys 1．postcards 【详解】句意：我最好的朋友从英国给我寄了很多明信片。根据“many”可知需要用名词复数形式，故填postcards。 2．usually 【详解】句意：我妈妈经常在早上7点看报纸。根据所给词可知，usual“经常”，形容词，再根据句子结构可知，在动词reads前需要副词来修饰，usual的副词为usually。故填usually。 3．worry 【详解】句意：别担心，一切都会好的。don’t后加动词原形，构成否定祈使句。故填worry。 4．broke 【详解】句意：当玻璃掉在地板上时，它就摔成了碎片。根据从句中谓语动词fell可知，句子是一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式，break的过去式是broke。故填broke。 5．died 【详解】句意：女王逝世于9月8日。这个消息使许多人感到悲伤。根据“The news made many people sad.”可知句子是—般过去时，所以用die的过去式died。故填died。 6．flew 【详解】句意：她的女儿上周飞到了法国。fly“飞”，动词。根据last week“上周”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词fly要变成过去式，故填flew。 7．fell 【详解】句意：这个小女孩摔伤了腿。fall“跌倒”，动词。结合主语The little girl和动词hurt可知，时态是一般过去时，所以动词fall要变成过去式，故填fell。 8．stuck 【详解】句意：因为刚才突然下了一场雨，她的湿衣服都粘在身上了。“just now”提示句子用一般过去时，空处应用stick的过去式，故填stuck。 9．left 【详解】句意：他太生气了以至于他没有说一句话就离开了房间。根据“He was so angry...that he...”可知，此句是so...that...引导的结果状语从句，主句时态为一般过去时，从句时态也应为一般过去时，leave的过去式形式是left。故填left。 10．quietly 【详解】句意：我们应该在课堂上安静地听老师讲课。quiet“安静的”，形容词，这里修饰动词“listen”，用副词quietly“安静地”。故填quietly。 11．argument 【详解】句意：我昨晚在第二街区听到了一场激烈的争吵。argue争论，动词。这里不定冠词a修饰单数名词argument“争吵”。故填argument。 12．went 【详解】句意：——你去哪里度假了？——我们去了山里。根据问句中“did ”可知，时态是一般过去时，所以空处用go的过去式，故填went。 13．strangers 【详解】句意：父母常常告诉我们不要和陌生人说话。然而我认为学会和他们交流的技能更重要。根据句意及所给单词可知stranger“陌生人”表泛指，可以用名词复数形式，故填strangers。 14．to stare 【详解】句意：盯着别人看是不礼貌的。本题考查固定句型：It is+形容词+to do sth.，表示“干某事是……”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。故填to stare。 15．argument 【详解】句意：当我走进教室时，艾玛和凯西正在争吵。根据冠词an可知，需要名词单数，argument“争吵”，名词。故填argument。 16．detailed 【详解】句意：现在是我们画详细图片的时候了。根据“pictures”可知，此处填形容词修饰名词；detail“细节”的形容词为detailed。故填detailed。 17．detailed 【详解】句意：请为下个月举行的会议准备一份详细的时间表。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词，detailed“详细的”，形容词。故填detailed。 18．gets 【详解】句意：——你哥哥什么时候到？——我不知道。他一下火车就会给我打电话。as soon as意为“一……就……”，在其引导的时间状语从句中，当主句采用一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时，从句主语he为第三人称单数，故填gets。 19．worried 【详解】句意：妈妈，不要担心我的学习。根据句子结构“Don’t be+形容词”可知，此处需要用形容词形式。worry是动词，worried是形容词，表示“担心的”。故填worried。 20．realized 【详解】句意：当她在上学路上，她意识到她把作业落在家里了。由句子中的left可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式，动词realize表示“意识到”，其过去式是realized。故填realized。 34 Using 21．He          (shake) his head and told me that he didn’t know the answer. 22．The police          (catch) the thief and found Mr. Smith’s lost wallet. 23．Lucy asked him to leave, but he          (refuse). 24．He studied hard and finally            (realize) his dream. 25．At first, they argued with each other. Later on, they ended up            (fight). 26．Then I knocked into a         . (strange) 27．Friends often send          (postcard) to each other before New Year’s Day. 28．I asked the police to help me find out who          (steal) my wallet. 29．Unlucky for me, I forgot to lock my bike and had it          (steal) . 30．The boy can’t wait         （get）off the bus. 31．Please keep          when you are in a museum. (quietly) 32．There are quite a few people in the room. It’s very      (crowd). 33．It’s          for her to be late. She is almost the first to come every day. (usual) 34．I am sorry          (trouble) you. 35．         (deal) with culture shock, you can keep a diary. 36．The sad girl didn’t know how          (deal) with her private problem. 37．Suddenly there was a big          between the two close friends. (argue) 38．The bus was very             . (crowd) 39．Please keep         in the library. (quietly) 40．The father is always a real          (fight) in the little kid’s heart. 35 Keys 21．shook 【详解】句意：他摇摇头，告诉我他不知道答案。根据“told me that he didn’t know the answer.”可知，此处时态为一般过去时，结合所给词，此处应该把shake变为过去式形式shook。故填shook。 22．caught 【详解】句意：警察抓住了小偷，找到了史密斯先生丢失的钱包。根据“found”可知，此句为and连接两个谓语动词，第二个谓语动词为一般过去式，因此第一个谓语动词也用一般过去式，catch，动词，意为“抓住”，其过去式为caught。故填caught。 23．refused 【详解】句意：露西请他离开，但他拒绝了。refuse“拒绝”，根据asked可知，时态是一般过去时，所以此处动词用过去式。故填refused。 24．realized 【详解】句意：他努力学习，终于实现了自己的梦想。realize“实现”，动词，根据“He studied”可知，此句用一般过去时，故填realized。 25．fighting 【详解】句意：起初，他们互相争论。后来，他们打了起来。fight“打架”，动词，此处考查end up doing sth.“结束做某事”，应用其对应的动名词形式，作宾语。故填fighting。 26．stranger 【详解】句意：然后我撞到了一个陌生人。strange“陌生的”，形容词，此处指“陌生人”，应用名词stranger，a修饰可数名词单数。故填stranger。 27．postcards 【详解】句意：朋友们经常在元旦前互相寄明信片。postcard“明信片”，可数名词，复数形式是postcards。根据“Friends often send...to each other before New Year’s Day.”可知，用复数形式，故填postcards。 28．stole 【详解】句意：我请警察帮我找出是谁偷了我的钱包。根据“I asked the police to help me find out who...my wallet.”可知，此处为who引导的宾语从句，我的钱包被偷是过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，空处需填动词过去式，stole为动词steal的过去式。故填stole。 29．stolen 【详解】句意：对我来说很不幸的是，我忘记给我的自行车上锁，它被偷了。根据“had it”可知宾语it与动词steal存在被动关系，因此此处应用have sth done表示“某物遭遇某事”，steal的过去分词为stolen。故填stolen。 30．to get 【详解】句意：那个男孩迫不及待的下了公共汽车。can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事，故填to get。 31．quiet 【详解】句意：当你在博物馆时，请保持安静。keep是系动词，其后用形容词quiet作表语，意为“安静的”。故填quiet。 32．crowded 【详解】句意：房间里有不少人。这里非常拥挤。crowd“人群”，为名词；根据“It’s very...”可知，此处需填一个形容词，作表语，crowded“拥挤的”，符合题意。故填crowded。 33．unusual 【详解】句意：她迟到是不寻常的。她几乎每天都是第一个来。根据“It’s…for her to be late. She is almost the first to come every day.”以及所给单词可知，此处表示迟到是不寻常的，unusual意为“不寻常的”，形容词作表语。故填unusual。 34．to trouble 【详解】句意：我很抱歉打扰你。trouble“打扰”，动词。根据“I am sorry…you.”可知，be sorry to do sth.“很抱歉做某事”，为固定短语，此处应填动词不定式。故填to trouble。 35．To deal 【详解】句意：为了应对文化冲击，你可以写日记。根据“...(deal) with culture shock, you can keep a diary.”可知，此处是动词不定式作目的状语，故填To deal。 36．to deal 【详解】句意：这个悲伤的女孩不知道如何处理她的私人问题。此处考查“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语的用法。故填to deal。 37．argument 【详解】句意：突然，两个亲密的朋友之间发生了一场大争吵。由“a big…”可知，此处应用名词形式，argument是其名词形式。故填argument。 38．crowded 【详解】句意：公交车很拥挤。此处需用形容词crowded“拥挤的”作表语，故填crowded。 39．quiet 【详解】句意：在图书馆请保持安静。本句中keep作系动词，意为“保持(某种状态)”，其后需接形容词作表语。quietly“安静地”，形容词为quiet。故填quiet。 40．fighter 【详解】句意：在小孩子的心中，父亲永远是一个真正的斗士。根据“The father is always a real...in the little kid’s heart.”可知，父亲是一个斗士，fighter“斗士”，a修饰可数名词单数，故填fighter。 36 see you again $$