Unit 3 The world of science（教师用书word）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（外研版2019）

学应用文写作思路·背精彩范文 (体裁：投稿　话题：庆祝校英文报创刊十周年) 典例呈现 　　(2021·新高考Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷)你校英文报Youth正在庆祝创刊十周年。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1.读报的经历；2.喜爱的栏目；3.期望和祝福。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式作答。 精彩范文 Youth and Me It has been 10 years since Youth was founded. In my memory, it is Youth that accompanies me through my whole high school.① When feeling depressed, I often choose to enjoy the novel part which includes a lot of imaginative stories. These stories can relieve my stress and broaden my horizon. Besides, I even submitted my own fiction to Youth. Although I was refused then, I still received some great encouragement, which gives me confidence to be a writer. I do expect Youth can publish more classic works and have a promising future. 微点透视 Ⅰ.写作架构 开篇：介绍校英文报创立 主体：介绍读报经历和喜欢的栏目 结尾：表达愿望 Ⅱ.恰当的过渡词汇 when, besides, although, still Ⅲ.亮眼的高级句式 ①it is...that...强调句型。该句型用于强调主语、宾语、状语等成分，不能用来强调谓语动词和定语。 佳句仿写 ①正是因为他不太懂英语，所以他在词典里查了这个词。 It was because he didn’t know much about English that he looked up the word in the dictionary. ②虽然下雨，我们仍然享受着户外野餐。 Although it was rainy, we still enjoyed our outdoor picnic． 单词默写 根据汉语写单词并背诵 第一组：名词 1．account 　　　　 n．记述，描述 2．experiment n．(科学)实验 3．flash n．闪光 4．stuff n．东西，物品 5．cure n．药剂；疗法 6．metal n．金属 7．species n．物种 学生用书第125页 8．fiction 　　　 n．虚构的事，想象的事 9．compass n．指南针，罗盘 10．procedure n．程序，步骤，手续 11．battery n．电池 12．gunpowder n．火药 13．lightning n．闪电 14．instance n．例子，实例 15．gravity n．重力，引力 16．stream n．小河，小溪 第二组：其他 17．beyond prep.无法…… 18．brilliant adj.聪颖的，才华横溢的 19．draft v．起草，草拟 20．shoot v．射出(光线等)，放射 情境运用 选用左栏单词的正确形式填空 1．Arrows would continue to fly forward forever in a straight line were it not for gravity, which brings them down to earth. 2．The valley is watered by a stream． 3．He gave a detailed account of what happened on the fateful night. 4．This is just a toy gun—it doesn’t shoot real bullets. 5．A species is a class of plants or animals whose members have the same main characteristics. 6．An effective cure for cancer has not been found. 7．The truth or fiction of this story has never been truly determined. 教考衔接 1．(2023·浙江1月卷)Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. 2．(2022·全国甲卷)In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. 3．(2021·全国甲卷)In a wired world with constant global communication, we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. 4．(2021·天津3月卷)Everything that happens next during the procedure must be related to this story... 词形转换 第一组：动词变形 1．declare v．声明→declaration n．声明，宣告 2．conduct v．传导(热、电)→conductor n．导体；售票员；管理人→conductive adj.传导的→conduction n．传导 3．attach v．系，绑；贴→attachment n．附件；依恋→attached adj.依附的；爱慕的 4．press v．按→pressing adj.紧迫的；迫切的→pressure n．压力；压迫 5．prove v．证明；证实→proof n．证明，证据 6．injure v．使受伤，弄伤→injured adj.受伤的，受损害的→injury n．伤，损害 7．compute v．计算→computer n．计算机→computation n．计算 第二组：名词和形容词变形 8．minor adj.小的→minority n．少数民族，少数派→(反义词) major adj.主要的，大的 9．entire adj.全部的；整个的；完全的→entirely adv.完全地，彻底地 10．mental adj.精神的；精神健康的→mentally adv.精神上 11．significant adj.重要的，影响深远的→significance n．重要性；意义→significantly adv.明显地；有重大意义地 12．passive adj.被动的→passively adv.被动地→(反义词) active adj.主动的 13．virtual adj.虚拟的，模拟的→virtually adv.事实上；实际上 学生用书第126页 14．flexible adj.易弯曲的，柔韧的→flexibly adv.灵活地；有弹性地→flexibility n．灵活性；适应性 15．capable adj.有能力的→capability n．能力→capably adv.能干地；有能力地 16．biology n．生物学→biologist n．生物学家→biological adj.生物学的；生物的 17．extraordinary adj.非凡的，出色的→extraordinarily adv.极其，极端地 18．astronomer n．天文学家→astronomy n．天文学 19．chemistry n．化学→chemist n．化学家→chemical adj.化学的n．化学物质 20．theory n．学说，理论→theoretical adj.理论上的 21．accurate adj.精确的→accurately adv.精确地；准确地→accuracy n．精确(性) 22．science n．科学；技术→scientific adj.科学(上)的→scientist n．科学家 情境运用 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．There are 55 minorities in our country and there are some minor differences between them. (minority) 2．The survey conducted (conduct) by the company shows there is a large increase in customer satisfaction this year. 3．Don’t put so much pressure (press) on the children. It’s harmful to their health. 4．In my opinion, more importance should be attached (attach) to developing students’ ability to solve problems. 5．The entire village was destroyed. It now looks entirely different from the previous one. (entire) 6．While calculating the maths problem, you should pay more attention to the accuracy of the numbers, or you can’t figure it out accurately. (accurate) 7．Rescuers said the injured were taken to a nearby hospital, but fortunately the injury was not serious, not life threatening. (injure) 8．The significant discovery of new gas field in South China Sea is of great significance to our country’s economy. (significant) 9．It’s declared that the two countries agree to stop the conflict. They must obey the declaration forever. (declare) 10．It’s reported that the astronauts will carry out a series of scientific (science)experiments in space. 教考衔接 1．(2023·浙江1月卷)Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation (compute), interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. 2．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy (accurate) of the estimate will go down. 3．(2023·全国甲卷)“Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range，” says bear biologist (biology) Chris Servheen. 4．(2022·全国甲卷)Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant (significance) thing happened in Sydney, Australia. 规律总结 形容词后缀-ous 表示“具有……性质的；充满……的” infect 使感染；传染→infectious传染性的 humor幽默→humorous 幽默的 courage勇气→courageous 勇敢的 caution 谨慎；小心→cautious 谨慎的；小心的 continue 继续→continuous 持续的 fame 名声→famous 著名的；出名的 danger 危险→dangerous 危险的 harmony 融洽；和睦→harmonious和睦的；融洽的 anxiety焦虑→anxious 焦虑的 envy 嫉妒；羡慕→envious 嫉妒的；羡慕的 短语词块 根据汉语写短语词块并背诵 1．be capable of　　　 有能力 2．find out 发现；查明 3．be named after 以……的名字命名 4．be recognised as 被认作 5．thanks to 多亏，由于 6．field research 实地研究，实地调研 7．never say never 别轻易说决不 8．die from 死于…… 9．in terms of 就……而言 10．in addition 除此之外，另外 11．natural selection 自然选择 12．the majority of 大多数…… 13．wearable tech 可穿戴技术 14．focus on 集中精力于…… 15．virtual reality 虚拟现实 情境运用 选用左栏短语词块的正确形式填空 1．Staying up to study does harm to your body.In addition，it will affect your study the following day for lack of energy. 2．To be frank, she is smart enough to be capable of handling difficult situations. 3．The majority of students were in favour of the suggestion that they go on a picnic the next day. 4．He made such a great contribution to the university that the new library was named after him. 5．All of us are amazed by the fact that so many people die from diseases related to smoking. 6．That scientist is recognised as one of the leading early canal engineers. 教考衔接 1．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design？ 2．(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)Thanks to them, a family was saved from the fire. 学生用书第127页 背教材原句 仿写作佳句 1.more than one...作主语 More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth. 不止一个男孩读过这本小说。 More than one boy has ever read this novel. 2.while引导状语从句 In fact, more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof that it hit him on the head. 虽然到目前为止都是好消息，但是可能过几天就有坏消息了。 While the news, so far, has been good, there may be days ahead when it is bad. 用所给单词的正确形式填空或者填入一个合适的词(黑体部分是本单元词汇)。 Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology that puts a layer of information over what people see in real life. AR is capable of 1.putting(put) labels on stuff, or even 2.entirely (entire) change the way something looks. Now the US Army is developing AR goggles for dogs. There is proof 3.that the army already works with dogs in various ways, 4.for instance, helping track people down. Usually soldiers control the dogs by moving their hands or pointing to things with a laser(激光器). So why would the army desire 5.to attach (attach) AR goggles 6.to dogs? That is because AR goggles allow dogs to travel farther away without staying close to a trainer. The dog’s goggles, give the trainer 7.an accurate account of what the dog is seeing and hearing. The trainer can then send a command to the dog through the goggles, telling it what to do next. Part 1　核心词汇·多维练透 press v．按 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作描写 ①To our shock, the manager was pressed (press) to take immediate action at the press conference last week. ②In my opinion，playing basketball serves as the best way to ease our great study pressure (press) and find some pleasure at the same time. ③他把鼻子贴在了窗户上，眯起眼睛往下看了一眼人行道。 He pressed his nose against the window, narrowed his eyes and glanced down at the pavement. [中国元素]　Under the flexible hands of the skilled chef, each dumpling was carefully pressed and folded, creating a perfect shape. 在技艺娴熟的厨师灵巧的手中，每个饺子被小心地按压和折起，形成一个完美的形状。 学生用书第128页 (1)press a button/switch按下按钮/开关 press sth into...把……塞入/按入…… (2)press sth against... 把……贴在…… (3)press sb to do sth 敦促某人做某事 (4)pressure n．压力 under pressure 在压力之下 desire n．渴望，欲望 单句语法填空/应用文写作之建议信 ①We all desire to create (create) a peaceful and stable environment for economic development. ②The disappointed twins desired(desire) their father to tell them how to make sandwiches, and he nodded. ③得知你很想学好汉语，我想给你一些建议。 Knowing you have a strong desire to learn Chinese well, I’d like to offer you some suggestions. [真题衔接]　④(2023·全国甲卷)Bangkok is a highly desirable (desire) destination for food lovers. (1)desire vt.渴望；期望 desire to do sth 渴望做某事 desire sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 (2)desire that..．(should) do sth 渴望……做某事 (3)have a strong desire to do sth/for sth 迫切要做某事/急于得到某物 have no desire to do sth 不想做某事 (4)desirable adj.令人向往的；值得拥有的 injure v．使受伤，弄伤 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作描写 ①I was wearing a seat belt, without which I would have been injured (injure). ②They removed the injured with such great skill and were so cool in the emergency. ③那个足球运动员在地上打滚，好像一条腿受了重伤。 The football player was rolling on the ground as if badly injured in one of his legs． [真题衔接]　④(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries (injure). (1)be/get seriously/slightly injured 受重伤/轻伤 (2)the injured 伤员 (3)injury n．伤，损害 do sb/oneself an injury/do an injury to sb/oneself 伤害某人/自己 attach v．系，绑；贴 单句语法填空/读后续写之场景描写 ①Handwriting is of such great importance that everyone should attach great importance to it. ②Her child was attached (attach) to screens to the point where she was able to say “chocolate” into his ear without getting a response. ③她发现桌子上放着一个盒子，盒子上贴着一张卡片，上面写着“生日快乐”。 She found a box lying on the table with a card attached to it, saying “Happy birthday”． [真题衔接]　④(2023·新课标Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷)I slipped in and gently set the prize cup on my teacher’s desk with a note attached (attach). (1)attach...to... 把……系/贴/附在……之上 (2)be attached to sb/sth 依恋；附属于；爱慕某人/某物 (3)attach importance/significance to... 重视；认 为……有意义 Part 2　经典句式·写作迁移 句型公式：while 引导状语从句 单句语法填空/读后续写之人与动物场景描写 ①While waiting there，he saw two pretty girls come out of the building. ②Some looked like they had totally given up on life, while others seemed to be making the best of the situation, smiling and joking. 学生用书第129页 ③(2023·浙江1月卷) 虽然我有点沮丧，但我仍然希望在离开之前看到蜂鸟。过了一会儿，让我非常高兴的是，那只小鸟突然从哪儿冒出来了。她在我面前徘徊了一会儿，眼睛里闪烁着感激的光芒。 While I was a little upset, I still hoped to see the hummingbird before I left. Then after a short while, to my great joy, the little bird suddenly appeared from nowhere. She hovered in front of me for a while, with her eyes twinkling with gratitude. [中国元素]　While the various colors of the traditional Chinese opera costumes confused the audience, the skilled performers brought ancient tales to life through their graceful movements and powerful voices. 尽管中国传统戏曲服装的各种色彩让观众凌乱，但熟练的表演者通过他们优雅的动作和有力的声音却能将古老的故事带入生活。 (1)表示“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句(从句常置于句首)表示转折，不能与but 连用，但可与yet/still 连用。　 (2)“当……的时候；在……时”，引导时间状语从句，状语从句的省略形式为while doing/done，表“当做/被做……时”。 (3)表示“而，然而”，表示前后分句的对比。 (4)while用作名词，表示“一段时间”。 after a while过了一段时间 for a while 一会儿 take a short while 需要一点时间 Part 3　知识拾遗·查缺补漏 Ⅰ.单元词汇拾遗 短语背诵 beyond description 难以形容 for instance 例如 in a flash瞬间；立刻 on account of 由于 a cure for ……的治疗方法 语境运用 1．After a short while, the answer had come to him in a flash． 2．The match was cancelled on account of the bad weather. 3．She has many hobbies, for instance, painting and playing the piano. 4．It is possible that in the course of time a cure for cancer will be found. 5．The scenery there is so fascinating that it is totally beyond description． Ⅱ.熟词生义——写出句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 1．(2023·全国乙卷)To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. 拍照 2．I will open an account in the bank. 账户 3．The wide appeal of movie stars could also account for the increase. 解释 4．It is said that body language accounts for 55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 per cent. 占(比例) 5．(2021·全国甲卷)The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall. 人(流) 6．Our plans need to be flexible enough to cater for the needs of everyone. 灵活的；能适应新情况的 7．All the drawers were stuffed full of letters and papers. 塞满，装满 Ⅰ.应用文写作增分练 [单元语料积累] 单元话题 科技发明——描述科学发明的价值和意义 单元词汇 press, flexible, capable, desire, beyond, significant, accurate; in addition 经典句型 过去分词短语作状语；what引导名词性从句 [句子基础写作] 请根据汉语提示，使用上面所列本单元知识完成句子。 1．科学发明一直走在人类进步的前列。 Science inventions have always been at the forefront of human progress. 2．探索新领域的强烈愿望激发了人类创造突破性发明的能力。 学生用书第130页 The significant desire to explore new frontiers fuels the human capability to create great inventions. 3．科学家们在探索超越已知界限的愿望的驱使下，取得了非凡而准确的发现。 Scientists, driven by their desire to explore beyond the boundaries of what is known, have made remarkable and accurate discoveries. 4．此外，这些发明还彻底改变了从医学到通信等各个领域。 In addition, these inventions have dramatically transformed various fields, from medicine to communication. 5．对科学创新的追求继续塑造着我们的世界，并有可能解决我们今天面临的最紧迫的挑战。 The pursuit of scientific inventions continues to shape our world and has the potential to solve the most pressing challenges we face today． [语段衔接成篇] 请运用恰当的过渡衔接词组织语段 Science inventions have always been at the forefront of human progress. Apparently, the significant desire to explore new frontiers fuels the human capability to create great inventions. As a result, scientists, driven by their desire to explore beyond the boundaries of what is known, have made remarkable and accurate discoveries. In addition, these inventions have dramatically transformed various fields, from medicine to communication. Altogether, the pursuit of scientific inventions continues to shape our world and has the potential to solve the most pressing challenges we face today. Ⅱ.读后续写微技能——人物坦率、真诚品行描写 [素材积累巧背] 基础词汇 ①形容词：frank 坦诚的，outspoken直言不讳的，straightforward直率的，honest诚实的，sincere真诚的 ②名词：sincerity真诚，honesty诚实，authenticity真实性，trustworthiness值得信赖，openness开放，genuineness真实，frankness坦率 必备词块 ①believe in having honest conversations and addressing issues head-on 相信进行诚实的对话并直面问题 ②make her a trustworthy and reliable friend 使她成为一个值得信赖和可靠的朋友 ③be completely transparent and truthful in any situation在任何情况下完全透明和真实 ④value honesty above all else将诚实视为最重要的 ⑤a reflection of her sincere character 她真诚个性的一种反映 ⑥be known for his frank communication style 他以坦率的沟通风格而闻名 一、根据所给汉语完成句子 1．人们钦佩他的直率，完全信任他。 People admired his straightforwardness and trusted him entirely. 2．他的诚实令人耳目一新，因为他从不隐瞒自己的意见或意图。 His honesty was refreshing, as he never hid his opinions or intentions. 3．他为人真诚，从不避讳说出自己的想法。 He was known for his genuine and honest behavior, never shying away from speaking his mind. 4．他的正直和真诚的行为证明了他的性格，使他在个人和专业环境中都是一个真实和受人尊敬的人。 His integrity and sincere actions were a proof to his character, making him an authentic and respected individual in both personal and professional settings. 二、按照合适的逻辑关系将上面句子重新排序合并成语段 He was known for his genuine and honest behavior, never shying away from speaking his mind. His honesty was refreshing, as he never hid his opinions or intentions. People admired his straightforwardness and trusted him entirely. His integrity and sincere actions were a proof to his character, making him an authentic and respected individual in both personal and professional settings. 单元测评15　Unit 3　The world of science (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) (本栏目内容在学生用书中以活页形式分册装订！) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共35分) A Science and Technology Camp ●Full-day camp for students aged 12－14 ●Four-week program July 5－30 | Monday－Friday, 9 am to 4 pm Week 1 | July 5－9 Week 2 | July 12－16 Week 3 | July 19－23 Week 4 | July 26－30 ●Registration begins June 1, 2023—register for minimum two weeks. ●Fees: $75 registration fee.$795 per week. Full payment must be made at time of registration. ●The deadline for the cancellation to receive a full refund is June 15, 2023. Camp Structure Camp days are comprised of eight sessions with two sessions per day while the final day of the week is reserved for overviews and reflection. The morning sessions begin at 9 am to 12 pm followed by one hour for lunch. (Campers should bring their lunches.) Afternoon sessions are scheduled from 1 pm to 4 pm with 15-minute breaks midway through each session. Snacks are provided at break time. (Food allergies should be reported at the time of registration.) Camp Content Science and Technology camp above all emphasizes entertainment while teaching students about how websites are designed using various coding languages, rocket design, practical applications of math and physics, and how to build your own hydraulics system. Camp Personnel The camp is headed by the husband-and-wife team of Doctors James and Sophie Clark who are experts in the fields of computer science and mechanical engineering. Our mission is to make sure everyone feels fully supported and excited to be here. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个科技夏令营的相关信息。 1．What is the lowest cost of attending the Science and Technology camp? A．$75. B．$795. C．$1，590. D．$1，665. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章中的“Registration begins June 1, 2023—register for minimum two weeks.”以及“Fees: $75 registration fee.$795 per week. Full payment must be made at time of registration.”可知，注册费是75美元，每周费用是795美元，最少注册两周，故参加该科技夏令营的最低花费为(75＋795×2＝)1 665美元。故选D项。 2．What is the main emphasis of the Science and Technology camp? A．Rocket science. B．Fun in learning. C．Coding languages. D．Hands-on experiences. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据Camp Content部分中的“Science and Technology camp ... websites are designed...”可知，该夏令营主要强调寓教于乐。故选B项。 3．Who are the camp leaders? A．Mechanical engineers. B．Medical doctors. C．A married couple. D．Computer technicians. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据Camp Personnel 部分中的“The camp is headed by ... science and mechanical engineering.”可知，该夏令营的领导者是一对夫妇。故选C项。 B (2024·山东烟台二模) A school science project by a group of students in Canada has led to an important discovery: EpiPens might cease to function normally in space. EpiPens，the auto-injectors (注射器) that deliver life-saving medicine called epinephrine, help with severe allergic(过敏) reactions. The epinephrine opens up airways, maintains heat function and blood pressure and calms the allergic reaction so the person can breathe. The students working on Program for Gifted Learners (PGL) were curious about how radiation in space would affect the molecular(分子)structure of epinephrine. As part of a NASA initiative called“Cubes in Space”，which launches science experiments students come up with, they sent two cubes with samples of both pure epinephrine and EpiPen solution into space, one on a rocket and the other on a balloon. With the cubes too small to hold an entire EpiPen the students had consulted with Paul Mayer, a chemist at University of Ottawa and eventually figured out a way to get the EpiPen solution into a specially-made bottle. The samples were analyzed in a lab before and after returning to Earth. The team found the pure epinephrine samples only returned 87 percent pure — the other 13 percent had turned into poisonous chemicals. And no epinephrine was found in the EpiPen solution samples. Mayer was skeptical at first that the samples would show any signs of decomposition, but he was blown away by the “dramatic” results.“It’s brilliant，” he tells Global News.“The first part of doing science is asking the right questions, and they asked a fantastic question.” The students’ findings could have real-world implications for space travel and astronauts’ safety. Excited to have made such a groundbreaking discovery, the students plan to do the experiment again to check their results. They’re also working on designing a capsule to protect the EpiPen solution in space. “You feel like you’re making a real change，” says student Benjamin Sum, who wants to build rockets when he grows up.“It feels like it’s just adults. But kids can actually be involved.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大一群学生在一个学校科学项目中做出了一个重要发现：EpiPens可能在太空中停止正常工作。 4．What can EpiPens do for human allergic reaction? A．Cure it for good. B．Detect its early signs. C．Stimulate it in time. D．Relieve it temporarily. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“EpiPens，the auto-injectors (注射器) that deliver life-saving medicine called epinephrine, help with severe allergic(过敏) reactions.”可知，EpiPens有助于缓解严重的过敏反应，所以EpiPens对人类的过敏反应有暂时缓解的作用。故选D项。 5．Why were the samples of pure epinephrine and EpiPen solution launched into space? A．To break down the epinephrine. B．To test epinephrine’s effectiveness. C．To integrate innovation into clinical study. D．To confirm they can stand space environments. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，样本返回地球后，分析发现纯肾上腺素样本的纯度仅为87%，由此可以推理出把纯肾上腺素和EpiPen溶液样本发射到太空的目的是测试肾上腺素的有效性，故选B项。 6．What quality of the students impresses Mayer most? A．Their spirit of commitment. B．Their unity and teamwork. C．Their spirit of scientific inquiry. D．Their sincerity and integrity. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句可知，学生们善于思考，提出问题，这说明学生有探究精神，由此可推知，Mayer对学生们印象最深的品质是他们的科学探究精神。故选C项。 7．What can be the best title for the text? A．Kids Find out EpiPens May Not Work in Space B．PGL: A Program Devoted to Astronomy Research　 C．Scientists Team up with Pupils for Space Exploration　 D．EpiPens: An Advanced Device Applied to Save Lives　 答案：A 解析：标题归纳题。纵观全文，文章第一段提出了话题，“加拿大一群学生做出了一项重要发现：EpiPens可能在太空中停止正常工作。”后续段落对这一发现进行详细描述并对这些学生的科学精神进行了赞扬，所以本文最佳标题应为“孩子们发现EpiPens在太空中可能不起作用”。故选A项。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题6分，共30分) (2024·广东六校联考) Playing is a key component in the learning process for virtually all of the children. Role-playing is one of the most significant ways children play.　1　It can benefit children in many ways. Children’s brains are activated when role-playing, according to child development experts. 　2　 When children role-play, they must create plans to act out a story and figure out what steps need to be taken to accomplish it. Through these activities, children can enhance their oral language abilities. As a result, they become able to give instructions and organize others. 　3　 Roles are assigned to children when they engage in group activities. There are leaders and followers. When children disagree with each other, they must learn to negotiate and compromise, as well as to apologize when they disagree or have strong arguments. Besides helping children learn some kinds of skills, role-playing fosters children’s imaginations and can therefore assume a number of forms. For example, boys may pretend to shave like their fathers, while girls may pretend to be mothers to do some daily tasks like caring for young babies. 　4　 Lastly, role-playing can help children deal with emotional pain caused by specific actions, such as the fear of going to school for the first time. 　5　 To help their children master their fears, experts encourage parents to let their children role-play and even to participate in these activities with their children. A．Children’s social skills can also be developed. B．Children might dress up and assume different roles. C．More often, children may act out stories they read in books. D．Language skills are some of the most critical aspects of learning. E．Whether role-playing occurs or not depends on the intentions of the individuals. F．This involves a child in an activity where he or she pretends to be another person. G．Role-playing situations like these can help children lower their fear in reality. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要对“角色扮演”进行了简要介绍，指出“角色扮演”可以帮助孩子学习一些技能，培养孩子的想象力，以及帮助孩子应付一些情感上的痛苦。 1．答案：F 解析：上文“Playing is a key component ... the most significant ways children play.”提到，角色扮演是孩子学习过程中最重要的游戏方式之一。下文“It can benefit children in many ways.”指出，它可以在许多方面使孩子受益。由此推知，空处应继续介绍角色扮演。F项“这需要让一个孩子在活动中假装他或她是另一个人。”承上启下，其中的This指代上文的Role-playing。故选F项。 2．答案：D 解析：根据下文“Through these activities, children can enhance their oral language abilities.”可知，本段讲述的是孩子可以通过角色扮演提高语言表达能力。D项“语言技能在学习中是最关键方面中的一些。”符合语境，引出下文的解释说明。故选D项。 3．答案：A 解析：根据下文“When children disagree ... or have strong arguments.”可知，本段讲述的是孩子可以通过角色扮演学会协商、妥协和道歉，即提高社交能力。所以A项“孩子的社交技能也可以得到发展。”符合语境。故选A项。 4．答案：C 解析：上文“Besides helping children... like caring for young babies.”指出，角色扮演还可以培养孩子的想象力，并列举了一些具体的形式，如男孩扮演父亲，女孩扮演母亲。因此，C项“更常见的情况是，孩子可能会表演他们在书中读到的故事。”承接上文，继续介绍角色扮演的形式。故选C项。 5．答案：G 解析：上文“Lastly, role-playing can help ... school for the first time.”指出，角色扮演可以帮助孩子处理情感上的痛苦。G项中的“help children lower their fear in reality”与本段话题一致，因此推断G项“像这样的角色扮演情境可以帮助孩子降低他们在现实中的恐惧。”符合语境，其中“their fear in reality”呼应上文的“the fear of going to school for the first time”以及下文的fears。故选G项。 Ⅲ.应用文写作(满分35分) 上周六你参加了市科技馆举办的机器人设计大赛并获得了一等奖，请你以The Robot Design Competition I Participated in为题，给校英文报社写一篇短文投稿，介绍你参加本次大赛的情况。内容包括： 1．大赛简介； 2．你的感受。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：the Municipal Science and Technology Museum(市科技馆) The Robot Design Competition I Participated in ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 The Robot Design Competition I Participated in Last Saturday, I participated in the Robot Design Competition held by the Municipal Science and Technology Museum. There were a great many robots from more than 200 designers with colorful shapes and all kinds of functions, among which mine was the smallest, like a rocket. The fantastic idea occurred to me when I was watching Exploring the Universe. The moment the result was announced, I knew hard work paid off, tears rolling down my cheeks. Meanwhile, I realized the importance of imagination and creativity as well as developing a good habit of using hands and brains. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$