Unit 6 Earth first（教师用书word）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（外研版2019）

学应用文写作思路·背精彩范文 (体裁：邮件　话题：和外国朋友分享活动经历和感受) 典例呈现 　　(2022·浙江1月卷)假定你是李华，在“中国—爱尔兰文化节”活动中结识了爱尔兰朋友Chris，现在他已回国。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1.回忆活动经历；2.分享个人收获；3.希望保持联系。 注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 精彩范文 Dear Chris， How is everything going？I hope everything is going well back in Ireland. Looking back on the unforgettable activity，I bear bits and pieces of it in mind. From Chinese calligraphy learning to the celebrations of your traditional festival，we’ve not only experienced authentic immersion in the exotic culture，but also ① formed a friendship which will certainly be cherished for good. I sincerely wish we could keep in touch with each other. Keenly anticipating our reunion in the near future！ Yours， Li Hua 微点透视 Ⅰ.写作架构 开篇：问候 主体：回忆活动经历 结尾：表达愿望 Ⅱ.有表现力的词汇： bear bits and pieces，be cherished for good，sincerely wish，keenly anticipating Ⅲ.亮眼的高级句式 ①not only...but (also)...不仅……而且……。该结构可用来连接并列成分，也可用来连接两个分句；not only置于句首时所在句子要倒装。 佳句仿写 ①她不仅在学业上表现出色，而且在体育方面也有天赋。 Not only did she excel in academics, but she also had a gift for sports. ②我们急切期盼着我们最喜欢的乐队的新专辑的发布。 We are keenly anticipating the release of the new album by our favorite band. 单词默写 根据汉语写单词并背诵 第一组：名词 1．greenhouse 　　　 n．温室，暖房 2．mode n．(机器、设备的)运行方式，状态，模式 3．device n．设备，仪器，装置 4．staff n．员工 5．canteen n．(工厂、学校等的)食堂，餐厅 学生用书第100页 6．campaign 　　　　　 n．(宣传)活动 7．plug n．(电)插头 8．litre n．升，公升 9．bulb n．灯泡 10．appliance n．家用电器，家用器具 11．ocean n．海洋，大海 12．shark n．鲨(鱼) 13．lecture n．(尤指大学里的)讲座，讲课，演讲 14．supply n．(煤气、电力、自来水等)供应(系统) 15．drought n．旱灾，干旱 16．amount n．数量，数额 17．flood n．洪水，水灾 18．brochure n．小册子 19．attitude n．(尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法，态度 20．carbon n．碳 21．slide n．幻灯片 第二组：其他 22．target v．把……作为目标 23．release v．释放，排放 24．fin v．切去(鱼的)鳍n．鱼鳍 25．false adj.不正确的，错误的 26．leak v．(使)漏，(使)渗漏 27．solar adj.利用太阳光(能)的 28．average adj.平均(数)的 29．highlight v．使……突出，使注意力集中于 30．damage v．破损，损害，损伤 情境运用 选用左栏单词的正确形式填空 1．To damage an object means to break it, spoil it physically, or stop it from working properly. 2．The average response time to emergency calls was 9 minutes. 3．It was quite clear that the president was being given false information by those around him. 4．If a person or animal is released from somewhere where they have been locked up or cared for, they are set free or allowed to go. 5．The amount of something is how much there is, or how much you have, need, or get. 6．He could also learn to use the vacuum cleaner, the washing machine and other household appliances． 7．A lecture is a talk someone gives in order to teach people about a particular subject, usually at a university or college. 8．Your attitude to something is the way that you think and feel about it, especially when this shows in the way you behave. 教考衔接 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the steam and risking a spill... 2．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies？ 3．(2022·全国乙卷)However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount． 4．(2022·全国乙卷)Scottish National Portrait(肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. 词形转换 第一组：动词变形 1．concern vt.使担忧；涉及→concerned adj.焦急的，担忧的→concerning prep.关于 2．permit v．允许；许可→permission n．允许，许可 3．reduce v．减少，降低→reduction n．减少；下降 4．restore v．使恢复→restoration n．(对艺术品、建筑等的)修复；恢复→restored adj.恢复了的；精力恢复的 5．present vt.呈现；展示；说明→presentation n．报告，(观点的)陈述，说明 6．hunt v．打猎；猎取；搜寻→hunting n．打猎，狩猎→hunter n．猎人 7．establish v．建立，设立→establishment n．建立，设立→established adj.已确立的；公认的，知名的 学生用书第101页 8．devote v．致力，献身，倾注→devoted adj.挚爱的；忠诚的→devotion n．奉献；专心 9．dive v．(通常指使用呼吸设备的)潜水→diving n．潜水→diver n．潜水员；跳水者 10．affect v．影响→affection n．喜爱，关爱；爱恋→affected adj.受影响的 11．adopt v．采取(某种方法)→adopted adj.收养的；领养的→adoption n．收养；采用 12．sustain v．维持；使稳定→sustainable adj.可持续的，不破坏环境的→sustainably adv.可持续地 13．renew v．重新开始；更新→renewable adj．(能源)可更新的，可再生的，可恢复的 14．urge v．竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促→urgent adj.紧急的；紧迫的→urgency n．紧急；催促 15．infect vt.感染；传染→infection n．感染，传染病→infectious adj.传染的；传染性的 16．reuse vt.再利用→reusable adj.可再度使用的，可多次使用的 17．remove v．移走，搬走，去掉→removal n．移走；拿去；去掉；消除 18．contribute v．促成，造成(某事发生)→contribution n．贡献 19．scare v．使(某人)惊恐，吓唬→scary adj.可怕的→scared adj.害怕的；惊恐的 第二组：名词和形容词变形 20．major adj.重大的n.专业→majority n．多数，大多数(人或物) 21．extinct adj.不再存在的；已灭绝的→extinction n．灭绝，绝种 22．electricity n．电→electric/electrical adj.电的，与电相关的→electronic adj.电子的 23．cruel adj.残忍的→cruelty n．残忍，残酷，残暴→cruelly adv.残忍地 24．fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→(反义词)unfortunate adj.不幸的→unfortunately adv.不幸地 25．severe adj．(问题、伤势、疾病等)很严重的→severely adv.严重地；严厉地 情境运用 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．She has contributed a lot of money to the school and she has made a great contribution to education. (contribute) 2．It was a scary story and children were scared after they heard it. (scare) 3．Tom had a deep affection for his grandfather, so he was deeply affected by his grandfather’s death. (affect) 4．The old teacher devoted all his life to educating his devoted students and he was admired for his devotion to the education cause. (devote) 5．Last year Tom went to Shanghai to try his fortune．Fortunately, he met his girlfriend and got married there. (fortune) 6．Mr White is the adopted son of Mrs Green, who adopted him when his parents died 20 years ago. Thanks to her adoption, Mr White could receive a good education and become an engineer. (adopt) 7．Even if you have a permit, I won’t permit you to enter the hall without my permission. (permit) 8．It is urged that we should finish the work in such a short and urgent time. (urge) 9．Our parents are more concerned about our health and future. As far as I’m concerned, we should talk with our parents and tell them our concerns. (concern) 10．One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major in English find it difficult to find a good job. (majority) 教考衔接 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Cycling is the most economical, sustainable (sustain) and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. 2．(2021·全国甲卷)They should also prepare plenty of reusable (reuse) bags to carry their “new” clothes home. 3．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)However, the majority (major) of people are effective speakers because they train to be. 4．(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)She wondered if centuries of diving (dive) could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. 规律总结 名词后缀-th表示性质、状态、动作或结果等 warm 温暖的→warmth 温暖 grow 增长；生长；成长→growth 增长；生长；成长 true真的→truth 真相；真理 long长的→length 长度 deep深的→depth 深度 strong 强壮的→strength 力量 wide 宽的→width 宽度 学生用书第102页 短语词块 根据汉语写短语词块并背诵 1．in some cases 　　 在某些情况下 2．take...into account 把……考虑进去 3．keep...from doing sth 阻止……做某事 4．the other way round 相反 5．protect...from... 保护……以免…… 6．common sense 常识 7．mistake...for... 把……错当成…… 8．rather than 而不是 9．cut off 切掉；隔绝 10．by mistake 错误地 11．aim at doing sth 旨在做某事 12．due to 由于，因为 13．call on 呼吁；号召；拜访 14．break down 分解；拆分 15．see...as... 把……看作…… 16．in fear 惊恐地 17．start with 以……开始 18．be wrong about 误解；弄错 情境运用 选用左栏短语词块的正确形式填空 1．One should be in contact with others rather than only satisfy his or her desire. 2．I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions into account． 3．When their children lived far away from them, these old people felt cut off from the world. 4．The Ministry of Education calls on students to exercise for an hour every day. 5．I usually cook and she does the dishes, but sometimes it’s the other way round． 6．Let’s break down the project into smaller parts in order to deal with them one by one. 7．He took away the bag belonging to others by mistake． 8．Most scientists agree that such changes are necessary to protect our environment from further harm. 9．Where unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former. 教考衔接 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate. 2．(2023·全国甲卷)Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. 3．(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)What does the author call on other writers to do？ 背教材原句 仿写作佳句 1.it takes/took (sb) some time to do sth It takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down... 她花了三个小时修理自行车。 It took her three hours to repair her bike. 2.倍数表达法 However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water. 她的收入是她兄弟的三倍。 She earns three times as much as her brother does. 用所给单词的正确形式填空或者填入一个合适的词(黑体部分是本单元词汇)。 Herds of elephants used to live on the African plain and in the forests of Asia. But today, hunters are a serious danger 1.to them. 2.A large amount of cruel hunting has contributed 3.to the dramatic 4.reduction(reduce) of these large animals. To save them, some 5.reserves (reserve) have been established where they can live in peace and safety. Moreover, many people are devoted to 6.protecting (protect) them. However, the 7.cruelty (cruel) on them will continue as long as interest in buying elephant products 8.is permitted (permit).To make humans and animals live in harmony, it is urged that measures 9.(should) be taken(take) to protect these beautiful creatures from 10.extinction (extinct). 学生用书第103页 Part 1　核心词汇·多维练透 scare v．使(某人)惊恐，吓唬 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作神态描写 ①I hung my head, scared (scare) to look at my father’s furious face. ②When I realized that the bear was coming back to attack us，I was nearly scared to death. ③看着妈妈生气的脸，小家伙吓坏了，他结结巴巴地向妈妈道歉：“对不起……抱歉。” Glancing at his mother’s angry face, the little guy was scared, and he stammered an apology to her, “Sorry...sorry.” [真题衔接]　④(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. (1)scare sb/sth away/off把……吓跑 (2)scare sb into doing sth 胁迫某人做某事 (3)be scared to do sth 害怕/不敢做某事 be scared of sb/sth 害怕某人/某物 be scared to death 吓得要死 devote v．致力，献身，倾注 单句语法填空/应用文写作之表达感激 ①Responsible and devoted (devote) to community work, he is praised by the people around. ②For the past five years, Paula Smith, a historian of science, has devoted herself (she) to recreating long-forgotten techniques. ③我仍然记得您为提高我的英语口语和写作能力所付出的努力。 I still remember what you have devoted to improving my oral English and writing skills. [真题衔接]　④(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)The 60-year-old is not an actor, but a policeman. However, he is more devoted (devote) to his “role” than any real actor. (1)devote oneself/time/energy/life to (doing) sth 某人投身于……；把时间/精力/生命奉献于…… (2)be devoted to(doing) sth 专心于(做)某事；奉献于(做)某事 (3)devotion n．奉献；忠诚 devoted adj.热衷的；挚爱的 affect v．影响 单句语法填空/应用文写作之投稿申请 ①But like anyone for whom you feel affection (affect), customers can also drive you mad. ②Large amounts of donations have been flooding into the affected (affect) areas. 学生用书第104页 ③在这些无私的医生的影响下，我喜欢上了这个职业。 Affected by those selfless doctors, I have developed a deep affection for the career. [真题衔接]　④(2022·浙江1月卷)I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my life was affected (affect). (1)be deeply/greatly affected by...被……深深打动 (2)be affected with... 染上……疾病 (3)show/have/feel much/an affection for...(非常)喜欢……，(非常)喜爱…… reduce v．减少，降低 单句语法填空/应用文写作之建议信 ①Though reduced (reduce) to ruins in the terrible earthquake, the city began to breathe again. ②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction (reduce) in error. ③减少压力最有效的方法之一是与信任的人谈谈你的感受。 One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is to talk about your feelings with someone you trust. [真题衔接]　④(2023·全国乙卷)...but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood(心情), reducing (reduce) stress and helping their memory. (1)reduce to...降至…… be reduced to...沦落为……；减少到……(to为介词) (2)reduce sb to tears/silence 使某人流泪/沉默　　 (3)reduce sth to ruins/ashes 把某物变为废墟/化为灰烬 (4)reduction n．减少 urge v．竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促 单句语法填空/读后续写之情感描写 ①It is urged that we students take regular exercise to keep fit and energetic. ②She was like a nurse for newborns, urging (urge) me to step up and change a diaper or something. ③我感到很尴尬，我突然很想跑下台，但我忍住了。 I was embarrassed, but I fought back the sudden urge to run off the stage． [真题衔接]　④(2023·新课标Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷满分范文)But learning that we’ll be randomly paired to do the oral practice, I feel an urge to express (express) my different voice, hoping that this wouldn’t offend you. (1)have/feel an urge to do sth很渴望做某事 (2)urge sth/sb on 催促某物/某人前进 urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事 (3)urge that...(should) do sth 极力主张……做某事 It is urged that...(should) do sth 坚决要求……做某事 contribute v．促成，造成(某事发生) 单句语法填空/读后续写之升华句 ①Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing (contribute) to fewer injuries. ②The ancient Chinese people found a lot of herbs that contributed (contribute) to the wound healing quickly. ③社区服务很值得做，这是一件我能为世界作出积极贡献的工作。 The community service was a job worthwhile to do, something positive I could do to make contributions to the world． [真题衔接]　 ④(2023·浙江1月卷)They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy. 学生用书第105页 (1)contribute...to...捐助……给……；向……投稿 (2)contribute to 有助于；导致；促成；向……捐款/投稿 (3)contribution n．贡献 make a contribution/contributions to...　为……作出贡献　　 average adj.平均(数)的n．平均(数) v．平均；算平均数 单句语法填空/应用文写作之人物介绍 ①The money Bernard made daily averaged (average) out at 6 dollars, enough to cover their expenses. ②Mammals weighing sixty kilograms have an average brain size of 200 cm3 while modern man has a brain averaging (average) 1，200 cm3－1，400 cm3. ③他的学习成绩远超过其他同学，但他仍然十分谦虚，而且乐于助人。 His academic performance is well above average, but he is still modest and helpful. [真题衔接]　④(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)When enough of these errors are averaged (average) together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. (1)an average of平均有(后跟数词) on average 平均起来 above/below average 在平均水平以上/以下 (2)average...out 算出……的平均数 due to 由于，因为 单句语法填空/应用文写作之表达感激 ①Due to the fact that many students lack self-discipline, they are likely to get distracted by online games. ②She is due to deliver (deliver) a lecture on genetic engineering. ③由于您的支持和指导，我能够克服挑战并取得成功。 Due to your support and guidance, I was able to overcome challenges and achieve success. [真题衔接]　④(2023·全国乙卷)I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being (be) on the spot only five minutes before the best moment. (1)due to 表示“因为”时一般用作表语和状语；due 为形容词，意为“预定的，到期的；欠下的；应给的” (2)be due to do/for sth 预定/计划(做)某事 (3)be due to sb 应支付/给予/归于某人 Part 2　经典句式·写作迁移 句型公式：It takes/took (sb) some time to do sth (某人)花费多长时间做某事 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作描写 ①It did take me hard work to finish (finish) the project alone despite his remote guidance. ②Nevertheless, it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology. ③我设法把湿衣服拖到洗衣房。那天我花费大部分时间洗衣服、晒衣服。 I managed to drag the wet clothes to the laundry room.It took me most of the day to wash and dry clothes． [真题衔接]　④(2023·浙江1月卷)If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel one mile(火车53秒运行一英里), you’re going about 67.92 mph. 学生用书第106页 (1)It takes courage/efforts/hard work to do sth 做某事需要勇气/努力 (2)It takes/took some time before...要过多久才/就…… Part 3　知识拾遗·查缺补漏 Ⅰ.单元词汇拾遗 短语背诵 attitude to/towards 对……的态度 raise awareness of提高……的意识 by mistake 错误地 up to多达 be reduced to使……处于某种状态；沦为 语境运用 1．I was in such a hurry that I dialed the wrong number by mistake． 2．You could be disqualified from driving for up to three years. 3．Keeping up with the advance of the time, people raised awareness of fitness by health education. 4．Which word best describes the author’s attitude to/towards race walking？ 5．Without practice, hopes will be reduced to zero. Ⅱ.熟词生义——写出句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 1．The river burst its banks and flooded the surrounding fields. 淹没 2．Donations are flooding into the homeless shelter. 大量涌入 3．A flood of cheap imports has come into the country. 大量 4．She has been removed from her post as director. 免除，解除(职务等) 5．And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. 使陷入某种境地 6．My nose was bleeding and I plugged it with cotton wool. 堵塞 Ⅰ.应用文写作增分练 [单元语料积累] 单元话题 保护地球——对于保护地球的认识 单元词汇 scare, target, fortunately, reserve, cruelty, supply, restore, affect, establish, average, concerned, sustainable; due to 经典句型 部分否定句；定语从句；by doing... 结构 [句子基础写作] 请根据汉语提示，使用上面所列本单元知识完成句子。 1．人们越来越关注威胁我们星球的环境问题。 People are becoming increasingly concerned about the environmental issues that scare our planet． 2．由于人类活动，地球已成为污染和气候变化的目标。 Due to human activities, the Earth has become the target of pollution and climate change. 3．还是有希望的。 Not all hope is lost. 4．采取措施建立自然保护区，保护濒危物种。 Efforts are being made to establish nature reserves and protect endangered species. 5．恢复生态系统的微妙平衡至关重要。 It is essential to restore the delicate balance of ecosystems. 6．通过减少碳足迹和采用可持续的做法，我们可以为子孙后代保护地球的资源。 学生用书第107页 By reducing our carbon footprint and adopting sustainable practices, we can help preserve the Earth’s resources for future generations. 7．提高环保意识可以有效地影响积极的变化。 Promoting environmental awareness can effectively affect positive change． 8．我们可以创造一个更加可持续的世界，确保所有生物都有一个更光明的未来。 We can seek to create a more sustainable world and ensure a brighter future for all living beings. [语段衔接成篇] 请运用恰当的过渡衔接词组织语段 Fortunately, people are becoming increasingly concerned about the environmental issues that scare our planet. Due to human activities, the Earth has become the target of pollution and climate change. However, not all hope is lost. First of all, efforts are being made to establish nature reserves and protect endangered species. Also, it is essential to restore the delicate balance of ecosystems. By reducing our carbon footprint and adopting sustainable practices, we can help preserve the Earth’s resources for future generations. Additionally, promoting environmental awareness can effectively affect positive change. Together, we can seek to create a more sustainable world and ensure a brighter future for all living beings. Ⅱ.读后续写微技能——人物思考、沉思状态描写 [素材积累巧背] 基础词汇 ①形容词：thoughtful深思熟虑的，deliberative深思熟虑的，analytical分析的，reflective反思的 ②动词：reflect反思，evaluate评估，analyze分析，deliberate慎重思考 必备词块 ①often getting lost in his own thoughts 常沉浸在他自己的思绪中 ②require analytical thinking to arrive at a clear answer需要分析思考才能得出明确的答案 ③a deliberative and thoughtful decision-making ability 冷静和深思熟虑的决策能力 ④always carefully considering before making decisions 总是在作出决定之前仔细考虑 ⑤her gaze falling into the distance她的目光落在远方 ⑥mind wandering aimlessly思绪无目标地畅游 一、根据所给汉语完成句子 1．在这种深思熟虑的状态中，她在自己平静的思想中寻求安慰，希望解决自己灵魂上的困惑。 In this state of deep reflection, she sought comfort in the quietness of her thoughts, hoping to settle the puzzles of her own soul． 2．随着她思考越来越深入，时间似乎慢了下来。 Time seemed to slow down as her mind was buried deep into reflection. 3．眼睛凝视着远处的地平线。 Her gaze was fixed upon the distant horizon． 4．她沉浸在自己的思绪中。 She was lost in her own thoughts． 5．她默默地坐在那里。 She sat there in silence． 6．她一遍又一遍地思考，质疑自己所做的选择和所走的道路。 She thought over and over, questioning the choices she had made and the paths she had taken. 二、按照合适的逻辑关系将上面句子重新排序合并成语段 Lost in her own thoughts, she sat there in silence, her gaze fixed upon the distant horizon. She thought over and over, questioning the choices she had made and the paths she had taken. Time seemed to slow down as her mind was buried deep into reflection. In this state of deep reflection, she sought comfort in the quietness of her thoughts, hoping to settle the puzzles of her own soul. 单元测评12　Unit 6　Earth first (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) (本栏目内容在学生用书中以活页形式分册装订！) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共20分) (2024·山东潍坊高三三模) Researcher Ruijia Hu said wildlife habitat in crowded places like southwent Ohio is becoming increasingly fragmented (分散) as forests give way to new construction. Eventually, this could make trouble to an animal with specific habitat needs like Ohio’s pileated (红冠) woodpecker. Pileated woodpeckers have the nickname carpenter birds for their never-ending natural woodworking. They peck out holes in trees for their nests every year, creating lots of valuable homes for animals like fox squirrels and owls.“They make new nests every year. They won’t reuse old ones，” Hu said.“Other animals depend on them.” Pileated woodpeckers are private birds that are more often heard than seen. Studying them can be especially difficult. So Hu turned to citizen science for help. To identify where woodpeckers have been seen, she used eight years of sightings collected by birders and logged into the website eBird, a free online tool and app that anyone can use to record their observations and locations. She overlaid these sightings with remote sensing data and found that corridors along rivers and creeks with abundant mature trees and deadwood helped the birds adjust to their increasingly fragmented urban landscape. “With fragmented forests, many habitats that were once suitable for wildlife are broken up，” Hu said.“Wildlife is unable to find habitat big enough to meet their survival needs. And even if there are suitable habitats, the distance between them can be too great. Wildlife corridors link up these habitat patches. Since wildlife can travel and migrate from one patch to another, the probability of finding food and shelter is higher.” “There are so many species in urban areas that we don’t pay attention to, especially when they’re not considered vulnerable，” Hu said.“With development chipping away at more forest in this crowded county, the tipping point (临界点) could come quickly and unexpectedly. You can’t fix it overnight. It’s not just about planting more trees. The birds need mature forest, so it could take 30 to 50 years to replace their habitat. At least we can protect these riverside forest corridors and see that existing trees reach maturity.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着森林被新的建筑所取代，野生动物栖息地正变得越来越分散，最终，这可能会给有特定栖息地需求的动物带来麻烦，比如俄亥俄州的红冠啄木鸟。 1．What can we infer from the second paragraph? A．The magpie’s nest is occupied by the dove. B．Birds abandon the old for the new easily. C．Friendship really exists among animals. D．One’s trash is another treasure. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“They peck out holes...’Other animals depend on them.’”可知，红冠啄木鸟每年都在树上啄洞筑巢，但它们不会重复使用旧的，旧的可以被其他动物利用，所以可推出D项“One’s trash is another treasure.”。故选D项。 2．What is the main idea of the third paragraph? A．The effect of Hu’s study on birds. B．The process of Hu’s research. C．The difficulty Hu had in his study. D．The application of technology. 答案：B 解析：段落大意题。根据第三段内容“Studying them can be especially difficult. So Hu turned to citizen science for help. To identify where woodpeckers have been seen, she used eight years of sightings...She overlaid these sightings with remote sensing data and found that... ”可知，本段主要讲述了胡的研究过程。故选B项。 3．What role do wildlife corridors play for birds? A．Helping them survive in the fragmented landscape. B．Making them adjust to deadwood quickly. C．Providing them with enough food for survival. D．Ensuring them a stable and safe habitat. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Wildlife corridors link up these habitat patches. Since wildlife can travel and migrate from one patch to another, the probability of finding food and shelter is higher.”可知，野生动物走廊帮助动物在支离破碎的环境中生存。故选A项。 4．What does Hu imply in the last paragraph? A．One tree doesn’t make a forest. B．Be wise after the event. C．Prepare for a rainy day. D．Take things as they come. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“You can’t fix it overnight. It’s not just about planting more trees. The birds need mature forest, so it could take 30 to 50 years to replace their habitat. At least we can protect these riverside forest corridors and see that existing trees reach maturity.”可知，此处胡暗示，我们不能等问题出现了才去采取行动，那样就太晚了，我们需要未雨绸缪。故选C项。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题2分，共30分) (2024·山东潍坊一模) Anuar Abdullah is a 61-year-old diving instructor in Malaysia. When he isn’t 　1　 he’s back out in the water 　2　，studying, and restoring coral reefs (珊瑚礁). Now, as climate change becomes an 　3　 threat, governments, corporations, and others are coming to him for 　4　． Abdullah has no degree in marine biology or 　5　 training — just an amount of experience. In just the past decade, thousands have 　6　 to him to learn how to grow corals, and he now has around 700 volunteers 　7　 and has already restored hundreds of acres of coral reefs. In 2017, Thailand’s government asked Abdullah to 　8　 the recovery of one of its most famous tourist attractions, Maya Bay, because it had 　9　 half its coral population. 　10　 were kept out of the site for three years while Abdullah led a team of 120 people in 　11　 new corals. In 2021, after Typhoon Rai, the island of Cebu in the Philippines asked Abdullah to save what was 　12　 of the shoreline’s coral reefs. And earlier this year, Abdullah launched a new effort to build the world’s largest coral nursery in the Red Sea. There was a 　13　 on the nursery at the U．N.climate change summit (峰会), COP27, but Abdullah did not attend. He 　14　 conferences, he says. And he had 　15　 to do. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是Anuar Abdullah帮助修复珊瑚礁的事迹。 1．A．teaching B．diving C．learning D．reporting 答案：A 解析：根据上文“a 61-year-old diving instructor”可知，当他不教学的时候，他就会回到水中。故选A。 2．A．picking B．judging C．describing D．observing 答案：D 解析：根据下文“studying, and restoring coral reefs(珊瑚礁)”可知，当他不教学的时候，他就会回到水中观察、研究和修复珊瑚礁。故选D。 3．A．early B．artificial C．apparent D．uncertain 答案：C 解析：根据上文“climate change”及常识可知，气候变化成为一个明显的威胁。故选C。 4．A．help B．money C．power D．honor 答案：A 解析：根据上文“as climate change becomes an ______ threat”可知，随着气候变化成为一个明显的威胁，政府、公司和其他人都向他寻求帮助。故选A。 5．A．temporary B．formal C．natural D．complex 答案：B 解析：根据上文“has no degree in marine biology or”可知，阿卜杜拉没有海洋生物学学位，也没有接受过正规培训，空格处意为“正式的”。故选B。 6．A．devoted B．led C．backed D．traveled 答案：D 解析：根据上文“governments, corporations, and others are coming to him”可知，成千上万的人去他那里学习如何种植珊瑚，travel to sb意为“去找某人”。故选D。 7．A．at once B．at first C．in demand D．in action 答案：D 解析：根据下文“has already restored hundreds of acres of coral reefs”可知，现在他有大约700名志愿者在行动，已经恢复了数百英亩的珊瑚礁。故选D。 8．A．initiate B．evaluate C．highlight D．justify 答案：A 解析：根据下文“the recovery of one of its most famous tourist attractions, Maya Bay”可知，泰国政府要求Abdullah开始恢复该国最著名的旅游景点之一玛雅湾，空格处意为“启动”。故选A。 9．A．regained B．lost C．increased D．removed 答案：B 解析：根据上文“the recovery of one of its most famous tourist attractions”可知，泰国政府要求Abdullah开始恢复该国最著名的旅游景点之一玛雅湾，因为那里的珊瑚数量已经减少了一半，空格处意为“失去”。故选B。 10．A．Visitors B．Researchers C．Volunteers D．Officials 答案：A 解析：根据下文“while Abdullah led a team of 120 people in ______ new corals”可知，游客被禁止进入该地点3年。故选A。 11．A．guarding B．decorating C．planting D．maintaining 答案：C 解析：根据上文“Thailand’s government asked Abdullah to ______ the recovery of one of its most famous tourist attractions, Maya Bay, because it had ______ half its coral population”可知，要修复那个景点就要种珊瑚。故选C。 12．A．hidden B．left C．preserved D．ruined 答案：B 解析：根据上文“after Typhoon Rai”可知，台风Rai过后，菲律宾宿务岛要求Abdullah拯救海岸线上仅存的珊瑚礁，空格处意为“留下”。故选B。 13．A．contest B．presentation C．course D．topic 答案：B 解析：根据下文conferences可知，在联合国气候变化峰会COP27上有一个关于这个苗圃的报告。故选B。 14．A．witnesses B．records C．schedules D．hates 答案：D 解析：根据上文“Abdullah did not attend”可知，他讨厌开会。故选D。 15．A．interviews B．trips C．work D．trade 答案：C 解析：根据上文“Abdullah did not attend”和下文“to do”可知，他没有参加报告会，是因为有工作要做。故选C。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题2分，共20分) (2024·湖南高教联盟联考) What’s the first thing that pops into your mind when you think of wheat straw? Most people would 1.________(probable) just see it as a pile of waste in a farmer’s field. However, Wu Cui, an intangible cultural inheritor, can turn the straw left over from 2.________ (harvest) wheat into beautiful and eye-catching functional artworks. The earliest straw-weaving(草编的) 3.________ (product) were discovered at Hemudu Cultural Ruins, a Neolithic cultural site located in Eastern China’s Zhejiang Province. Straw weaving is 4.____________ method of manufacturing daily items or artworks. It 5.________ (list)as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008. Wu explains the process of straw weaving: 6.________ (select) of materials is the first step of a complicated and labor-intensive process that can take weeks, or even months, to complete. You need to sketch the piece on paper, 7.________ requires drawing skills. Next 8.________ (come) weaving, shaping and preserving of the work. Even by finishing that process, it does not mean that you will always create a good piece of work, and the hardest part is 9.________ (make) it lifelike. When asked about her plans, Wu says she wants to dig deeper 10.________ local traditional culture and create cultural creative products by developing the straw-weaving technique. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我国广泛流行的一种传统手工艺“草编”。这门技艺在非遗传承人吴翠的手上焕发出了新的生机与活力。 1．答案：probably 解析：考查词性转换。空处位于情态动词之后，谓语动词之前，应该填副词。故填probably。 2．答案：harvested 解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句式结构可知，空处应是作定语，修饰wheat，且空处与wheat之间为动宾关系(此处表示“被收割的小麦”)，故空处应用过去分词形式。故填harvested。 3．答案：products 解析：考查名词的单复数。根据空后的谓语were discovered 可知，此处应该用名词复数作主语。故填products。 4．答案：a 解析：考查冠词。此处表示泛指“一种制造方法”，空处应用不定冠词。method的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 5．答案：was listed 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语in 2008 可知，本句为一般过去时，且此处表示“被列为……”，句子应用被动语态；主语为It, be动词用was。故填was listed。 6．答案：selection 解析：考查词性转换。由介词of可知，此处应该填名词作主语，构成selection of materials“对材料的选择”。故填selection。 7．答案：which 解析：考查定语从句。根据句式结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代上文整个句子，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 8．答案：comes 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：接下来就是作品的编织、成形及保存。根据语境可知，本句为一般现在时，其主语“weaving, shaping and preserving of the work”是抽象动作，为单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。故填comes。 9．答案：to make/making 解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句法结构可知，此处可以用动词不定式短语或动词-ing形式短语作表语。故填to make/making。 10．答案：into 解析：考查固定搭配。dig deep into sth为固定短语，意为“深入探究某事”。故填into。 Ⅳ.读后续写(满分30分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On Saturday, we gathered at the hall to witness the award ceremony for the senior scouts (童子军).Receiving an award on such a day was a great honor for any scout, and all desired to be the scout selected to give the summary of the year’s activities for the association. I was not the one selected to give the summary and for that, I was grateful. I could hardly stand in front of a large crowd to make a speech, but Sean could. He was selected to do the honor because he was the President of the Boy Scouts for schools. My job was much simpler. Being the Vice-President, I was very much behind the scenes, content to ensure that everything was in smooth running order. It was an hour to go before the ceremony began, and I had put the finishing touches to the stage. Walking down the stage, I saw my teammates in a state of panic. When they saw me, they ran to me to tell me that Sean met with a traffic accident and would not make it to the award ceremony. Someone else had to give the summary. All of them looked hopefully at me, and I could feel my knees beginning to collapse. All their arguments against my unwillingness were valid. I had a copy of the speech as well as the benefit of having seen Sean rehearse(排练) it. I was the Vice-President and therefore should take his place. Finally, I was firmly told not to decline any longer and they said that they were convinced that I would do the right thing. I sank down onto the floor, totally shocked by the situation. I knew I was not a confident speaker, and the thought of presenting a summary in front of so many distinguished guests horrified me. To think that the fame of the scouts would take a beating because of me! The burden of responsibility troubled me greatly. 注意：1.续写词数应为150 左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 But there was really no way out of the situation.____________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ As I stood on the stage, my heart beat violently.___________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 But there was really no way out of the situation. In the end, I quickly rehearsed the speech and got ready to go on stage for the presentation. I looked calm and collected, but inside I was a trembling mass of jelly. Although they kept encouraging me, I still felt very worried that my poor performance would cost us the opportunity to win an award. Not long after, I was called to do the presentation. Having butterflies in my stomach, I walked onto the stage. As I stood on the stage, my heart beat violently. My face turned pale, and my mind went blank. I could not remember what I was supposed to say. I was at a loss what to do when I saw my teammates smiling at me with trustful looks. It was then that I realized that I should try my best for our team. Instantly, I reorganized my thoughts, and proceeded to speak into the microphone. When I finished, all my teammates stood up and applauded loudly. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$