句式提升写作专题——扩句十法则（配套课件PPT）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（外研版2019）

句式提升写作专题——扩句十法则 写作专题提升　读后续写 扩句法则一　增加非谓语动词作状语或者定语 法则诠释 　　非谓语动词包括“动词-ing形式，动词-ed形式和动词不定式”。写作时可以使用非谓语动词短语扩展句子丰富表达。非谓语动词短语用作状语时，可置于句子开头，也可以置于句子末尾；作定语时一般放在被修饰词后面。最为常见的是动词-ing形式短语或动词-ed形式短语作状语表示伴随动作状态，或表示原因、结果等；不定式短语用作定语或者目的状语。 理解观摩 标注句中非谓语结构，并翻译整个句子。 1．Filled with fright, I dragged my exhausted body inching forward． ________________________________________________________________ 2．Then I saw my name, decorated with giant, golden words—champion． ________________________________________________________________ 3．We just sat in our small apartment unwrapping the gifts one by one in happiness． ________________________________________________________________ 我充满了恐惧，拖着疲惫的身体向前挪动。 然后我看到了我的名字，上面用巨大的金色字眼装饰着——冠军。 我们只是坐在我们的小公寓里，幸福地把礼物一个个拆开。 4．Sensing the desperate gleam in Hunter’s eyes, Whiston bent over to give him a tight embrace, comforting that they would be safe． ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 5．To enjoy the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens start to use smart phones. ________________________________________________________________ 惠斯顿觉察到亨特眼中的绝望，弯下腰紧紧地拥抱了他一下，安慰他说他们会安全的。 为了享受数字支付的便利，许多老年人开始使用智能手机。 翻译仿写 根据汉语提示补全句子。 6．有时候，一点点的善良，就能把一些东西照亮，让世界变得更加美丽和谐。 Sometimes, only a little kindness can light something shining, _____________ _____________________________. 7．“猜猜看！ 妈妈，母亲节快乐！”他们说着，把手臂举到空中。 “Surprise! Happy Mother’s Day, mummy！”They said, _________________ _______________. 8．简感到神清气爽，继续沿着小溪走，寻找出路。 _________________, Jane continued to walk along the stream ___________ _________. making the world throwing their arms Feeling refreshed to find the way out more beautiful and harmonious into the air 9．那匹马被那只白兔吓了一跳，差点把我从马背上摔下来。 ___________________________, the horse almost threw me off its back. 10．乔扯着嗓子大喊大叫，试图安慰我，让我相信这是逃离危险的最好办法。 __________________________, Joe tried to comfort me and convince me that it was the best way _____________________. Startled by the white rabbit Yelling at the top of his lung to escape the danger 法则诠释 　　状语从句和定语从句是句子的修饰成分，且能扩展成主从复合句。状语从句可以置于句首，也可以置于句尾；定语从句必须置于被修饰词的后面，但是中间也有可能被其他成分隔开。写作中常用到的状语从句引导词包括while, when, if, unless，until等；常用到的定语从句引导词包括which, that, when, where等。 扩句法则二　增加状语从句或者定语从句 理解观摩 标注句中状语从句或定语从句，并翻译整个句子。 1．As a student, the first thing that you should do every morning is to make a proper plan. ________________________________________________________________ 2．Whenever I recall my classmates and those funny things that still seem to be fresh in my mind, I can’t help smiling. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 作为一名学生，每天早晨你应当做的第一件事是制订适当的计划。 对于我的同班同学和那些好玩的事情，我似乎仍记忆犹新，每当想起我都会情不自禁地笑起来。 3．Tom has made great progress, which makes me very happy． ________________________________________________________________ 4．I will never forget the days when I worked on the farm． ________________________________________________________________ 5．We walked along the river until/till it was dark． ________________________________________________________________ 汤姆取得了很大进步，这使我很高兴。 我永远不会忘记我在农场工作的日子。 我们沿着河散步，一直到天黑。 翻译仿写 根据汉语提示补全句子。 6．我们永远不会忘记登上长城的那天。 We’ll never forget the day _________________________________________. 7．六点钟我们吃了晚饭，之后我去看了我的叔叔。 We had supper at six o’clock, ____________________________________. 8．我们沿着村里的街道走去，村民们正在那里赶集。 We walked down the village street，_________________________________. 9．我正想说话，这时他进来了。 I was about to say something ________________. 10．如果我们好好利用公共交通工具，环境会更好。 ___________________________________, the environment will be better. when/on which we climbed up the Great Wall after which I went to see my uncle where they were having market day when he came in If we make good use of public transport 法则诠释 　　名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。在写作中，使用从句代替名词作主语、宾语或表语，除了句子结构复杂外，也能更准确表达想法。写作中常用的名词性从句引导词为what, that, when, where, whether等。 扩句法则三　使用名词性从句替代名词作主语、宾语或表语 理解观摩 标注句中名词性从句，并翻译整个句子。 1．What we love most is the time we enjoy the full moon together. ________________________________________________________________ 2．The question is whether we can get in touch with her． ________________________________________________________________ 3．It really benefited me a lot to review what had been taught after class． ________________________________________________________________ 我们最喜欢的是一起赏月的时光。 问题是我们是否能联系上她。 课后复习所学的知识使我受益匪浅。 4．It is certain that she will do well in her exam． ________________________________________________________________ 5．Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing where she was heading． ________________________________________________________________ 可以肯定她会考得很好。 简漫无目的地沿着绿树成荫的街道走着，不知道自己要去哪里。 翻译仿写 根据汉语提示补全句子。 6．我们队已经赢了那场比赛，这并不令人惊奇。 It’s no surprise _______________________________. 7．会议已决定推迟到下星期一。 It is decided _______________________________________________. 8．我们会尽我们所能帮助你，但你必须准备迎接困难。 We can do _________________________, but you must get prepared to meet difficulties. that our team has won the game that the meeting has been put off till next Monday what we can to help you 9．我没有来的原因是(当时)雨下得很大。 The reason why I didn’t come was ____________________________. 10．这一切都让我想起了我的母亲，她一直在尽她所能让我拥有最好的。 All this reminds me of my mother who has been doing ___________________ _________________. that it was raining heavily whatever she can to let me have the best 法则诠释 　　形容词或副词(短语)放句首或者句尾作状语，有助于增强情绪感染力，使句子表达更加生动形象。注意此时的形容词描述的是主语的状态，不是修饰动词。评注性副词做状语一般只置于句首，其作用是修饰整个句子，不是仅修饰句中动词。 扩句法则四　增加形容词(短语)或者评注性副词作状语 理解观摩 标注句中作状语的形容词或评注性副词结构，并翻译整个句子。 1．Fortunately, everything worked out all right in the end. ________________________________________________________________ 2．Quite frankly/honestly, I’m not surprised you failed. ________________________________________________________________ 3．Full of excitement, the children looked forward to going on a picnic. ________________________________________________________________ 4．Naturally, we were back, safe and sound． ________________________________________________________________ 5．Desperate and hopeless, Jane knelt down, tears streaming down her face. ________________________________________________________________ 幸运地是，最后一切顺利。 老实说，我对你的失败不感到意外。 孩子们充满兴奋，盼望着去野餐。 当然，我们安然无恙地回来了。 绝望和无助，简跪了下来，泪流满面。 翻译仿写 根据汉语提示补全句子。 6．谢天谢地，我成功地通过了比赛，最后这些痛苦都是值得的。 _____________, I managed to get through the game and the pain was _______ ___________. 7．我害怕会伤害到这个可爱的小动物，不由自主地叫了一声，让我的马停下来。 _________________________________________, I automatically let out a cry to stop my horse. 8．我又沮丧又疲惫，建议回去。 ______________________, I suggested going back. Thankfully worth it Afraid that I might hurt the lovely small creature Depressed and tired in the end 9．如果我们顺着河走，有希望能找到回农舍的路。 __________, we could ____________________ the farm house if we followed the river. 10．显然，波比很惊讶，她疯狂地摇着尾巴。 _____________, Poppy was amazed and she wagged furiously. Hopefully find our way back to Apparently 法则诠释 　　with复合结构是由“with ＋宾语＋宾语补足语”三部分构成，其中的宾语补足语常用非谓语动词(短语)、介词短语、形容词或副词(短语)。该结构在句中主要用作状语，有时也可作定语；作状语时去掉介词with常常变成独立主格结构。 扩句法则五　使用with复合结构作状语或定语 理解观摩 标注句中with复合结构，并翻译整个句子。 1．He was a delivery man with his arms full of parcels． ________________________________________________________________ 2．Holding the note tightly, I was on the verge of tears, with a stream of warmth spreading across my body． ________________________________________________________________ 3．“No time to make mum a breakfast now.”Jenna cried with regret and guilt overwhelming her like endless tides． ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 他是一名快递员，手里抱满了包裹。 我紧紧地握着那张纸条，快要哭出来了，一股暖流涌上我的全身。 “现在没时间给妈妈做早餐了。”珍娜哭了，悔恨和内疚像潮水一样涌上心头。 4．With no path to follow, Jane just walked on for quite a long time. ________________________________________________________________ 5．With all my homework finished, I went to the countryside to see my grandfather. ________________________________________________________________ 简没有路可走，只好继续向前走了很长一段时间。 完成了所有的作业后，我去乡下看望我的爷爷。 翻译仿写 根据汉语提示补全句子。 6．这对双胞胎愣住了，目光落在他们的小妹妹身上。 The twins froze, __________________________________. 7．孩子们手里拿着礼物，高兴得发狂。 _____________________, the kids were wild with joy. 8．有这么多的名胜可参观，小孩很激动。 The kid feels excited ____________________________________. 9．所有考试都结束了，我们开始放假了。 _________________________, we began our holiday. 10．我站在那里，盯着它看，眼泪顺着脸颊滚落下来。 I stood there and stared at it __________________________________. with eyes falling on their little sister With gifts in hand with so many places of interest to visit With all the tests finished with tears rolling down my cheeks 法则诠释 　　it作形式主语或形式宾语的句型是英语中常见的句型，高考满分范文经常使用该句型。这类句型中的真正主语多是主语从句、宾语从句、不定式结构或动词-ing形式短语等。 扩句法则六　巧用it形式主语或者形式宾语句型 理解观摩 标注句中的it所指代的真正主语或宾语，并翻译整个句子。 1．It is bad manners for the young to take up the seats for the old． ________________________________________________________________ 2．It is reported that another satellite has been in orbit． ________________________________________________________________ 3．I feel it hard to climb the mountain． ________________________________________________________________ 年轻人占用本来给老年人的座位是不礼貌的。 据报道又一颗人造卫星已经进入轨道了。 我感觉爬这座山很困难。 4．We find it useless waiting here all the time． ________________________________________________________________ 5．It is important for adults to speak to young people about how they use social media and chat online. ________________________________________________________________ 我们发现在这里一直等着没有用。 成年人要告诉年轻人如何使用社交媒体和在线聊天，这是很重要的。 翻译仿写 根据汉语提示补全句子。 6．他花了七年时间扫描中国古籍中的汉字。 It _______________________________________in Chinese ancient books. 7．我很荣幸能在这里与大家分享高中要学习什么的看法。 It is ________________________________________________on what to learn in senior high school. 8．我觉得很难理解这个概念。 I ______ it _____________________this concept. took him seven years to scan the characters my honor to be here to share with you my opinions find difficult to understand 9．他们明确表示不参加晚会。 They ______ it _____________________________________. 10．她认为看电视是浪费时间。 She considers it ________________________________. made clear that they would not attend the party a waste of time to watch television 法则诠释 　　there be句型表示“某处有某物/人……”，是高考满分范文常用句型。在实际使用中，可以在there be之间插入情态动词增加情态意义，同时要在there be后面表示人或物的名词后跟修饰语，常用修饰语包括定语从句、非谓语动词短语、形容词短语或介词短语等。也可以用部分不及物动词代替be，如come, blow, stand, lie, remain等。使用there be句型可以丰富句子结构，增加句子的表达力，但要注意时态、主谓一致等语法项目。there be句型也常用于一些固定结构搭配中。 扩句法则七　巧用there be存现句 理解观摩 标注句中there be句型结构，并翻译整个句子。 1．There is no denying the fact that environmental pollution is a pressing issue. ________________________________________________________________ 2．There should be more measures taken to promote sustainable development. ________________________________________________________________ 3．There has been a significant increase in the number of people using social media. ________________________________________________________________ 不可否认的事实是，环境污染是一个紧迫的问题。 应该采取更多措施促进可持续发展。 使用社交媒体的人数显著增加。 4．There is nothing more important than receiving education. ________________________________________________________________ 5．There happens to be a famous musician performing at the theater tonight. ________________________________________________________________ 没有什么比接受教育更重要的了。 碰巧今晚有一位著名音乐家在剧院演出。 翻译仿写 根据汉语提示补全句子。 6．在过去的十年里，技术有了显著的进步。 _______________________________________________ over the past decade. 7．毫无疑问，教育在一个人的成功中起着至关重要的作用。 ______________________ education plays a crucial role in a person’s success. 8．曾经有一个时代，人们只依靠传统的沟通方式。 There _____________________________________ traditional communication methods. There has been a remarkable improvement in technology There is no doubt that used to be a time when people relied simply on 9．似乎可以从在国外学习的人们那里学到很多东西。 There _________________________from those who once were studying abroad. 10．似乎没有解决这个问题的简单方法。 _______________________________to solve this problem. seems to be a lot to learn There appears to be no easy way 法则诠释 　　在写作中灵活运用倒装句、强调句和省略句可以使文章更加丰富、有变化和有吸引力，增强表达的准确性和生动性。但需要注意适度使用，以保持句子的自然流畅和易读性。倒装句常用“not only... but also”，“only＋状语”放句首，not until结构置于句首等句型；省略结构常用状语从句的省略形式，即从句引导词＋非谓语结构/介词短语/形容词(短语)。 扩句法则八　巧用特殊句式(倒装、强调和省略句) 理解观摩 标注句中特殊句式，并翻译整个句子。 1．While in Beijing, I paid a visit to the Summer Palace. ________________________________________________________________ 2．Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. ________________________________________________________________ 3．It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors. ________________________________________________________________ 在北京时，我参观了颐和园。 直到我参加了工作我才意识到我浪费了多少时间。 我是在回到公寓的时候，才第一次遇到了我的新邻居。 4．Only then did I realize the importance of English. ________________________________________________________________ 5．He is running here and there as if looking for something lost． ________________________________________________________________ 直到那时我才意识到英语的重要性。 他在到处跑似乎在寻找丢失的什么东西一样。 翻译仿写 根据汉语提示补全句子。 6．如果没有必要，你最好不要查词典。 ___________________, you’d better not refer to the dictionary. 7．直到母亲把一切都告诉杰克，他才明白母亲为什么生他的气。 It was _______________________________________Jack understood why she was angry with him. 8．只有这样，你的英语才能很快提高。 ___________________________ get your English improved soon. Unless necessary not until his mother told him everything that Only in this way can you 9．首先，当人们被要求做他们不想做的事情时，他们可能会感到被迫。 Firstly, people may feel forced _____________________that they don’t want to. 10．令人惊讶的是，当他走进教室时，他瞥了我们一眼。 Surprisingly, _____________________________, he glanced at us. when asked to do things when entering the classroom 法则诠释 　　所谓动作链，是指使用一系列连贯动作，把一个空泛的动作细化成连续几个具体细微的动作，这样能使人物或描述的场景更有画面感和立体感；可以使用连续的谓语动词，也可以搭配使用非谓语动词。 扩句法则九　巧用动作链描写更具体 理解观摩 标注细化动作，并翻译整个细化动作的句子。 1．Jean walked toward her father. →Jean saw her father in the distance, so she jumped up and made her way through the crowd toward him. ________________________________________________________________ 2．After I finished painting walls in the bedroom upstairs, I went to clean the windows. →After I finished painting walls in the bedroom upstairs, I brought up some water and old towels, and then stepped on a bench to clean the windows. ________________________________________________________________ 珍远远地看见了她的父亲，于是她跳起来，穿过人群朝他走去。 我刷完楼上卧室的墙后，拿来一些水和旧毛巾，然后踩在长凳上擦窗户。 3．I finished my homework and went to bed. →After finishing my homework, I stood up slowly, stretched my back a little and went to bed, yawning with tiredness. ________________________________________________________________ 4．The dog ran happily at the sight of the boy. →Upon seeing the boy, the dog leapt to his feet, snorted happily and bounced forward． ________________________________________________________________ 5．I was terrified at the sight of the fierce wolf. →Upon seeing the fierce wolf, I screamed, stepped back, and then froze with terror． ________________________________________________________________ 做完作业后，我慢慢地站起来，伸了伸腰，累得打了个哈欠就上床睡觉了。 看到男孩，狗跳了起来，高兴地哼了一声，蹦蹦跳跳地向前走。 看到那只凶猛的狼，我尖叫了一声，往后退了一步，然后吓得僵住了。 翻译仿写 根据汉语提示利用动作链补全句子。 6．She waited nervously. 在等待的过程中，她紧张地踱来踱去，不时透过窗户向外看。 While _________, she nervously ___________________, and ______________ ________________ from time to time. 7．I gave my money to my dad. 我走近爸爸，骄傲地掏出自己的钱递给他。 I ___________ Dad, proudly ____________ my own money and __________ to him. waiting paced up and down looked outward approached took out of handed it through the window 8．Jason got on a taxi. 贾森拦下一辆出租车，提着手提箱跳上车，催促司机马上离开。 Jason ____________________________________________ and ___________ _________________________. 9．We performed very well. 我们的表演脱颖而出，获得了很多好评，我们感到非常自豪和幸福。 Our performance ___________ and __________________________________ ____________________. 10．She found the right place to shovel in the yard. 她走到院子里，弯下腰，找了个合适的地方铲土。 She ________ to the yard, ___________ and _______ the right place to shovel. stopped a taxi, jumped in with his suitcase urged the stood out gained much praise, making us very proud walked bent down found driver to leave at once and full of happiness 法则诠释 　　写作常用修饰手法包括明喻(simile)，暗喻(metaphor)，夸张(exaggeration), 拟人(personalization)等；合理使用修饰手法不但可以培养学生发散思维和想象力，还可以使描写更加生动，增加文章亮点，提升表达层次。 扩句法则十　巧用修饰手法描写更生动 理解观摩 标注句中修饰手法结构，并翻译整个句子。 1．She felt nervous and her face turned pale. She felt nervous and her face turned pale, feeling like sitting on pins and needles． ________________________________________________________________ 2．Immediately, the forest became very dark. Immediately, absolute darkness ruled the forest． ________________________________________________________________ 她感到紧张，脸色变得苍白，感觉如坐针毡。 立刻，一片漆黑笼罩了整个森林。 3．There’s enough food in the cupboard. There’s enough food in the cupboard to feed an entire army． ________________________________________________________________ 4．She received the bad news at midnight. The bad news knocked at her door at midnight. ________________________________________________________________ 5．She was frightened of what happened just now. She felt what happened just now was like a nightmare． ________________________________________________________________ 橱柜里的食物足够养活一整支军队。 坏消息在半夜敲响了她的门。 她觉得刚才发生的事就像一场噩梦。 翻译仿写 根据汉语提示利用修饰手法完成下列句子。 6．The bus went very slowly. 满载乘客的公共汽车像蜗牛一样缓慢地行驶着。 The bus full of passengers _____________________________. 7．The lovely children are smiling. 可爱的孩子们的笑脸就像春天里美丽的花朵。 The lovely children’s smiling faces are ____________________________. moved slowly as a snail went like beautiful flowers in spring 8．Life is not smooth. 生活是一条未经探索的河流，充满曲折。 Life is _______________________________________. 9．The noise was very loud. 那声音大得足以把死人吵醒。 The noise was loud enough _________________. 10．Wearing a yellow shirt in the breeze, she remembered her happy life with Tom. 黄衬衫在微风中飘舞，她回忆起和汤姆的幸福生活。 With the yellow shirt _______________________, she _________________ her happy life with Tom. an unexplored river, full of twists and turns to wake the dead dancing in the breeze flashed back to 谢谢观看 $$