板块3 第6讲 情态动词和虚拟语气（配套课件PPT）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（人教版2019）

板块三　千变万化的动词 第六讲　情态动词和虚拟语气 语法系列二 词法篇 内容索引 语法精讲　——夯实必备知识　 语法精练　——核心素养提升 ——夯实必备知识　抓细节·求精准·重难大突破 语法精讲 返回 考点一　情态动词 1．情态动词的类型 (1)只作情态动词的有：must，can/could，may/might，ought to (2)可作情态动词也可作实义动词的有：need，dare (3)可作情态动词也可作助动词的有：shall/should，will/would (4)具有情态动词的某些特征的有：have/had to，used to 2．情态动词的基本用法 3．谓语中含有情态动词的时态和被动语态 4．情态动词的特殊用法 (1)can/could的否定式与比较级连用表示最高级含义。 (2)can/could的否定式与enough或too (much)连用表示“再……也不为过”。 (3)must可表示“偏要，硬要”，常用于疑问句或条件状语从句中。 (4)may/might as well表示“最好；不妨”。 (5)would可表示过去的习惯，与used to相比，前者常表示过去反复的动作，后者常表示过去的状态或习惯现在已不复存在。 (6)should有时表示说话人对某事感到意外、惊奇，意为“竟然会”。 ——用适当的情态动词填空 1．Passengers __________ talk to the driver while the bus is moving，because it will take his focus off the road. 2．Although passing the driving test _____ be difficult now，it's worth the efforts. 3．Why are you here? It's class time and you ________ be in the classroom now. 4．It is raining heavily outside.You ____________ as well stay here for the night. mustn't can should may/might 即学即练1 5．Their answers are exactly the same—one of them ______ have copied from the other. 6．When the old couple lived in Chongqing，they _______ take a walk in a nearby park on a fine afternoon. must would 考点二　虚拟语气 1．虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用 类型 从句中谓语动词形式 主句中谓语动词形式 与现在事实相反 动词的过去式(be的过去式用were) should/would/could/might＋动词原形 与过去事实相反 had＋过去分词 should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词 与将来事实相反 should/were to＋动词原形；动词的过去式 should/would/could/might＋动词原形 ①If there were no air，we couldn't live. 如果没有空气，我们就不能存活。 ②If there had been no air in the tube，the result of the experiment would have been more accurate. 如果管子里没有空气，实验的结果就会更精确。 ③If he were to come tomorrow，things would be easier.如果他明天来，事情就容易多了。 2．虚拟语气用于名词性从句中的4种条件 (1)在“It is＋important/necessary/natural/strange/essential/vital/a pity＋that...”句型中，谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。 It's vital that we (should) take our safety driving along the road seriously. 重视道路安全驾驶是至关重要的。 (2)在would rather (that)后的宾语从句中，从句的谓语动词如果表示现在或将来要发生的动作，从句用一般过去时；如果表示过去发生的动作，从句用过去完成时。 I'd rather he had gone to the seaside with me the day before yesterday. 要是他前天和我去海边就好了。 (3)句中含有以下单词或其变形时，该句中的名词性从句(宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句)部分常用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为“should＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略。 He suggested that we (should) start off early the next day. 他建议我们第二天早点出发。 (4)wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气 ·对现在的虚拟： 过去式(be的过去式用were) ·对过去的虚拟： had＋过去分词 ·对将来的虚拟：would/could/might＋动词原形 ①I wish (that) I were ten years younger. 我希望我能年轻十岁。 ②I wish (that) I had met that film star yesterday. 我希望我昨天见到了那位电影明星。 3．三个特定句式中的虚拟语气 ①If only I had seen the film. 要是我看过那部电影就好了。 ②It is high time that we started/should start out. 我们该出发了。 ③He messed the project up，but he behaved as if nothing had happened. 他把计划搞砸了，但他表现得若无其事。 if only引导的条件句及感叹句 had＋过去分词 过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形 as if/though引导的表语从句及方式状语从句 had＋过去分词 过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形 It is (high) time that... 从句中谓语动词用过去式或“should＋动词原形”(should不能省略) 4．含蓄虚拟条件句——重难突破 (1)有时假设的情况不用条件句表达，而是用but for，without等介词(短语)来表示。 We wouldn't have finished the project on time without your timely help.如果没有你的及时帮助，我们就不能按时完成那项工程。 (2)用连词otherwise，or等暗示后文与前面的情况相反，从而引出后文的虚拟语气。 I'm really very busy，or/otherwise I would certainly go there with you. 我真的是太忙了，不然我就会同你一道去了。 (3)虚拟条件通过but暗示出来，模式为“虚拟情况＋but＋真实情况”。 She would have come to see you but that she was ill that day. 要是那天她没生病，她就来看你了。 ——单句语法填空 1．I was busy finishing my paper that day.Otherwise I _________________(go) there with them. 2．I wish he __________(tell) me the truth last week. 3．I felt so embarrassed when being blamed by my teacher in class.If only I _______________ (complete)my homework last night! 4．He talks about the creatures of the Amazon rainforest as if he ____________ (explore)there before. 5．Her advice is that good study habits ___________________(form)in one's childhood. 6．It's high time that we ___________________(apply)ourselves to the task of protecting our environment. 返回 would have gone had told had completed had explored (should)be formed applied/should apply 即学即练2 ——核心素养提升　仿真练·达标练·点对点自测 语法精练 返回 1．Everyone ________ make an effort to keep the air clear in Lhasa. 2．What is important is that stamps _____ help the French people understand Chinese culture. 3．The doctor recommended that the medicine __________________(take) three times a day. 4．When the kite was in the air，people _______ cut off the string to let the paper kite float away. 5．When looking at a Chinese painting，you _____ not initially realize its complex concept. 6．Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks _______ be made of gold and silver with Chinese characters. should can (should)be taken would may might 7．Tom wishes that he _____________(study) law instead of history when he was in university. 8．But he added that even minor genetic changes ____________ have serious consequences. 返回 had studied may/might 谢谢观看 $$