板块4 第8讲 名词性从句（教师用书word）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（人教版2019）

第八讲　名词性从句 　　名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子，它的功能相当于名词词组，在复合句中可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 名词性从句的引导词及其用法如下： 考点一　主语从句 在句中作主语的从句称为主语从句。 1．主语从句通常由以上名词性从句的引导词引导。 What many tourists and San Franciscans treasure most about Chinatown is its food． 关于唐人街，许多游客和旧金山人最珍视的是它的食物。 Every year，whoever makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival．每年，谁做的风筝最漂亮，谁就会在风筝节上获奖。 2．it作形式主语 ·It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)＋that从句 ·It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句 ·It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported等)＋that从句 ·It＋特殊动词(seems，appears，happens，matters等)＋that从句 It was astonishing that she didn't care about my feelings． 令人惊讶的是，她竟不在乎我的感受。 考点二　宾语从句 在句中作宾语的从句称为宾语从句。 1．宾语从句的引导词与主语从句的引导词大致一样，在句中可以作及物动词、介词及部分形容词的宾语。 Parents should actively urge that their children should take advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams． 家长应该积极敦促他们的孩子利用这个机会加入运动队。 Now a lot of people might wonder why I would step out into traffic like that to rescue a single butterfly． 现在很多人可能想知道我为什么要到那么拥挤的车流中去救一只蝴蝶。 2．it作形式宾语 ·动词find/feel/think/consider/make＋it＋宾语补足语(形容词或名词)＋that从句 学生用书↓第340页 ·动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoy＋it＋that从句 ·动词短语see to/depend on/rely on＋it＋that从句 ·固定搭配take it for granted/owe it to sb＋that从句 We make it a rule that we go to the English Corner to practice English every afternoon． 我们制定了一个规定：我们每天下午都要去英语角练习英语。 考点三　表语从句 　　在句中作表语的从句称为表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if，because和why引导。 1．That's why I think the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice． 这就是为什么我认为长江之行将是一个更好的选择。 2．My parents' request is that I should be admitted to a key university． 我父母的要求就是我必须被重点大学录取。 考点四　同位语从句 　　同位语从句用以说明其前面某一名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可以被同位语从句修饰的名词有：advice，demand，doubt，fact，hope，idea，information，message，news，order，problem，promise，question，request，suggestion，truth，wish，word(消息)等。 1．There is no doubt that it is worthwhile to participate in the photography show． 毫无疑问，参加摄影展是值得的。 2．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写)I hold the belief that you are sure to display your talents through this contest．我相信，通过这次比赛，你一定能展示出你的才华。 【重难突破】 1．that与what引导的名词性从句的区别 that在从句中不充当句子成分，也没有含义；what可以在从句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语，意思是“什么，什么……的事情，什么样的”。 Our teacher made a request that we (should) be well prepared for the exam． 老师要求我们为考试做好充分准备。 We had to write a paper on how we plan to apply what we would learn in class to our future professions． 我们必须写一篇论文，内容是我们打算如何将课堂上学到的知识应用到未来的职业中。 2．wh-与wh-ever引导的名词性从句的区别 连接词what，which，who分别表示“……的东西或事情”“哪一个”“谁”，表示疑问含义；而whatever，whichever，whoever分别相当于anything that，any...that，anyone who，意为“无论……”，强调一切情况。试比较： What you choose to wear should be clean． 你选择穿的衣服应该是干净的。 Whatever you choose to wear should be clean． 无论你选择穿什么，你的衣服应该是干净的。 3．whether与if引导的名词性从句的区别 (1)whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句末，但if引导的主语从句只能放在句末，且前面需用it作形式主语。 Whether it is true remains a question． 这是否真实依然是个问题。 It is unknown whether/if he will attend the meeting．他是否会来参加会议还不清楚。 学生用书↓第341页 (2)whether与if引导宾语从句时一般可以互换，但是如果直接与or not连用或用于介词后时，只能用whether。 I was wondering whether/if she'd prefer to come a little later． 我不知道她是否乐意晚一点来。 There was a heated argument about whether he was suitable for the position． 关于他是否适合这个职位有过激烈的争论。 (3)whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句，而if不可以。 Before making the decision whether we should wear the school uniform，we have to balance the advantages against the disadvantages．在决定是否穿校服之前，我们必须权衡利弊。 解题攻略 典例印证 第一步：根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构判断是否是名词性从句； 第二步：判断名词性从句中的连接词：若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，用连接代词；若缺少状语，则用连接副词；如果不缺少成分，则要考虑意思是否完整，是否需要用whether/if；如果不缺少成分且意思完整，用that。 【典例】　(2022·浙江1月卷)Cobb，for her part，started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak 62． she could do so remotely；about three-quarters of the time，they agreed． 【分析】　考查宾语从句。根据句意可知，科布开始询问邀请她发言的会议组织者她是否可以远程发言。空处引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。 自主解答　whether/ if Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．(2024·济宁市高考模拟)The belief behind it is that illness and pain occur because of blocked energy (or Qi) in the body．Acupuncture is used to reestablish the flow of energy and stimulate the body's natural healing (治愈) ability． 2．(2024·湖北省高三4月调研)Li also said at the news conference on Monday that China's planted forest conservation area has reached 87．6 million hectares，ranking No．1 in the world． 3．(2024·宝鸡市联考)But there is some debate over whether it was NOLA or Mobile，Alabama that had the first Mardi Gras back in the 1700s． 4．(2024·湖北省十堰市四月调研)However，what his mother said didn't affect John's big interest in embroidery． 学生用书↓第342页 5．(2024·山东省淄博市三模)When kids take the initiative and finish a task，they feel proud of what they have undertaken． 6．Discoveries made during the latest excavation of Pit No．1 at the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang，China's first emperor，have allowed Chinese archaeologists to gain more insight into how the world-famous Terracotta Warriors and their weapons were made． Ⅱ．语法链接写作 1．what引导的名词性从句最显眼 典例：然而，在我看来，学生最受益的是阅读英语书籍，因为它可以帮助学生对英语有更深的理解。(2022·全国乙卷书面表达) However，from my point of view，what benefits students most is reading English books，for it can help students gain a deeper understanding of English． 运用：非常重要的是，我们个人应该提高我们的环境保护意识，减少我们的足迹。(2022·全国甲卷书面表达) What is of great importance is that we individuals should raise our awareness of environment protection, reducing our footprint． 2．同位语从句放在开头实力开篇 典例：听到你请病假回家的消息，我很难过。(2020·浙江7月卷) I am sorry to hear the news that you have gone back home on sick leave． 运用：没有人能否认世界海洋正变得越来越流行这一事实。(2022·全国甲卷书面表达) No one can deny the fact that World Ocean is becoming more and more popular． 3．表语从句的连词要考虑周全 典例：我很抱歉我不能和你一起按计划去书店了。原因是我那时有一个重要的会要参加。(全国Ⅲ卷书面表达) I'm sorry that I can't go to the bookstore with you as planned．The reason is that I have an important meeting to attend then． 运用：很抱歉，我不能按计划和你出去。原因是我弟弟前几天摔断了腿，我必须照顾他。(2021·北京卷应用文写作) I'm sorry that I can't go out with you as planned．The reason is that my younger brother broke his leg the other day and I must look after him． 4．That/This is because/why...灵活简练 典例：我五岁时开始学画画，我非常喜爱绘画。这就是我想让您安排关于西方美术的讲座的原因。(天津6月卷书面表达) I took up drawing at the age of five and I'm fond of painting．This is why I want you to arrange a lecture on Western art． 运用：这个展览非常精彩，展示了中国文化的魅力。这就是为什么我想推荐我的同学们也来参加这个艺术展。(2021·浙江6月卷应用文写作) The exhibition is fantastic and shows the charm of Chinese culture．This is why I would like to recommend my fellow students to attend this art show as well． 5．注意名词性从句与虚拟语气的结合 典例：最近的一项调查显示，大多数学生倾向于通过听英文歌曲来学习英语。(2022·全国乙卷) A recent survey suggests that the majority of students tend to learn English by listening to English songs． 运用：我建议你选择听说课程，因为这门课程完全是用中文教授的，这会对你有很大的好处。(2021·上海卷书面表达) I recommend that you choose the Listening and Speaking course，because the course is entirely taught in Chinese，which will benefit you a lot． 学生用书↓第343页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$