UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS（教师用书word）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（人教版2019）

重点单词　分类记忆　——多积累 平时多输入 用时顺手出 阅读词汇知其意 1． soccer n．　　　 足球；足球运动 2．stadium n．(pl．stadiums or stadia) 体育场；运动场 3．boxing n． 拳击(运动) 4．badminton n． 羽毛球运动 5．marathon n． 马拉松赛跑 6．ski adj．　　　　 滑雪的 vi． 滑雪 7．graceful adj． 优美的；优雅的 8．gymnastics n． 体操(训练) 9．legend n． 传奇故事(或人物)；传说 10．glory n． 荣誉；光荣；赞美 核心词汇写其形 1．event n．　　　　 比赛项目；大事；公开活动 2．host vt． 主办；主持 n． 主人；东道主；节目主持人 3．athlete n． 运动员；运动健儿 4．audience n． 观众；听众 5．medal n． 奖章；勋章 6．captain n． (运动队)队长；船长；机长 7．pretend vi．& vt． 假装；装扮 8．million num． 一百万 9．positive adj． 积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的 10．slim adj． 苗条的；单薄的 11．(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)It is important for us to master (掌握) some basic living skills to prepare us for our future life． 12．(2023·全国乙卷)It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet (日常饮食) is slowly declining． 13．If you are found cheating (作弊) in the exam，all your academic grades for the semester will be canceled． 14．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写)After what seemed like centuries，I finally saw he showed up with his forehead sweating (出汗) heavily． 15．Much to my delight，I have lost six kilograms over the past six months by jogging (慢跑) every day． 拓展词汇通其变 1．fitness n．健康；健壮；适合→fit adj．适合的；健康的 vt．& vi．适合→unfit adj．不适合的 2．honour n．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸→honourable adj．可敬的；体面的→honoured adj．受尊敬的 3．strength n．力量；体力→strengthen v．增强→strong adj．强壮的 4．stress n．压力；紧张；重音vt．强调；重读；使焦虑不安vi．焦虑不安→stressful adj．有压力的(指物)→stressed adj．感到有压力的(指人) 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．More than 10，000 competitors from different countries came to Beijing and competed with each other in the competitive games for medals．(compete) 2．My sister is a determined girl，so we know that once she has determined to do something，she will make her dream come true with great determination．(determine) 3．The soldier got injured in the battle and suffered a serious injury in the left ankle．(injure) 4．Though the art show failed to attract as many visitors as we had expected，it was far from being a failure；it was a great success．(fail) 学生用书↓第30页 重点短语　记牢用准　——会积累 平时多联想 用时会拓展 先写对 1．work out　　 　 　 　　 锻炼；计算出；解决 2．make it 获得成功；准时到达 3．set an example 树立榜样 4．fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃 5．lose heart 丧失信心；泄气 6．give up 放弃；投降 7．make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚 8．make a difference 有作用或影响 9．rather than 而不是 10．cut...out 停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下 11．now and then 有时；偶尔 12．compare...with/to... 与……比较 再用准 选用左栏短语填空 1．It makes sense to work out a solution to the problem before it gets out of control． 2．Having set an example to us students，she fully deserves our respect． 3．Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish． 4．As long as you have a dream，keep trying and you'll make it． 5．Last but not least，it is the inner beauty rather than our appearance that makes us respectable． 6．Although the test ended up as a failure，Lucy didn't lose heart because she knew failure is the mother of success． 1．-en后缀高频动词集锦 ①shorten　　 缩短 ②deepen 加深 ③widen 加宽 ④broaden 变宽 ⑤lighten 减轻 ⑥brighten 使明亮 2．“事事”相连 ①incident n．　　　　 事件；事变 the July 7th Incident 七七事变 ②accident n． 事故 traffic accident 交通事故 ③event n． 重大事件；比赛项目 sports event 体育比赛项目 3．“偶尔；有时”全接触 ①at times　 ②now and then ③by accident　 ④once in a while ⑤from time to time ⑥occasionally 重点句式　背熟巧用　——会活用 平时造佳句 用时表达高 句式背诵 句式仿写 句式1: even if 引导让步状语从句 (教材原句)A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team．尽管这对他/她的球队有帮助，足球运动员也不应该假装摔倒。 1．天将与之，必先若之。所以即使面对压力，也请选择积极向上。 No pressure，no diamonds．So please choose to be positive even if you are facing pressure． 句式2：the secret to...is...……的秘诀是……；动词-ing形式作表语 (教材原句)Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his failures． 乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从失败中学习。 2．他成功的秘诀在于用积极的态度对待失望和失败。 The secret to his success is dealing with disappointment and failure in a positive attitude． 句式3：Sb/Sth seems/seemed＋动词不定式 (教材原句)In the final seconds of a game，Jordan always seemed to find a way to win．在一场比赛的最后几秒，乔丹似乎总能找到获胜的方法。 3．一开始，学习英语似乎很难，我甚至没有尝试就想放弃。 At the beginning，learning English seemed to be so difficult that I wanted to give up without even trying． 句式4：by doing作状语 (教材原句)By being positive about myself and my body，I became both happier and healthier．通过积极看待自我和自己的身体，我变得更快乐、更健康了。 4．(2024·辽宁省重点高中联合体二模)通过勇敢地面对困境，我们可以真正了解自己的优势，获得信心。 By facing difficult situations bravely，we can truly understand our own strength and gain confidence． 学生用书↓第31页 核心单词　重难突破　——系统掌握 归纳提升一遍过 honour n．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 (honoured adj．受尊敬的　honourable adj．可敬的；体面的) (1)It's an honour for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事很荣幸。 feel it an honour to do sth 为做某事感到荣幸 in honour of... 向……表示敬意；为纪念…… (2)be/feel honoured to do sth 做某事感到荣幸　　 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①It's been an honour to watch (watch) the panda programme develop and to see the pandas settle into their new home．(2023· 新课标Ⅱ卷) ②Michael Jordan，a master in basketball，never lost heart even if he was faced with failure，for which he was greatly honoured (honour)． ③人们庆祝端午节来纪念屈原，他是中国一位伟大的诗人。(应用文写作之传统节日) People celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival in honour of Qu Yuan，who is a great Chinese poet． ④我很荣幸邀请你参加我们学校广播电台的英语节目《谈话》的采访。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷应用文写作) ④－1 I feel it a great honour to invite you to give an interview on the English program “Talk and talk” in our school's radio station． ④－2 It is a great honour for me to invite you to give an interview on the English program “Talk and talk” in our school's radio station． ④－3 I feel greatly honoured to invite you to give an interview on the English program “Talk and talk” in our school's radio station． determination n．决心；决定 (determine v．测定；决定；确定　determined adj．坚决的；有决心的) (1)with determination　 坚决地 (2)determine to do... 决定做……(表示动作) determine on/upon (doing) sth 决定(做)某事 (3)be determined to do sth 决心做某事(表示状态)　　 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①At my words，with tears rolling down his cheeks，David turned to me and firmly expressed his determination (determine)to finish the cross-country run．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) ②He determined on/upon facing the failure bravely rather than escaping from reality． ③This was an impressive lecture which not only broadened our knowledge，but also made us firmly determined (determine) to protect，inherit and carry forward our traditional Chinese culture．(2024·山东省烟台市三模) 学生用书↓第32页 ④决心很好地组织这次主题班会，我写信征求你关于哪些中国传统文化最吸引外国人的意见。(2021·全国甲卷书面表达) Determined to organize the theme class meeting wonderfully，I am writing to ask you for advice on which traditional Chinese cultures attract foreigners most．(过去分词短语作状语) injure vt．使受伤；损害 (injured adj．受伤的；有伤的 injury n．伤害；损伤) (1)get/be injured　　 受伤 the injured 受伤的人；伤员 (2)do sb an injury 伤害某人　　 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The driver escaped unhurt，but a pedestrian was injured (injure)． ②Once there，Lenoue was assessed and later taken to a hospital，where she learned that she had serious injuries (injure) in one of her knees．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) ③营救队像箭一样冲往现场，给伤者实施急救，然后急忙把他们送往最近的医院。(读后续写之动作链描写) The rescue team dashed to the spot like arrows，offered first aid to the injured and then rushed them to the nearest hospital． strength n．力量；体力；强项(strengthen v．增强　strong adj．强壮的) (1)have the strength to do sth 有力气做某事 with all one's strength 用尽全力 build up one's strength/body 强身健体 (2)strength(s) and weakness(es) 优势和劣势　　 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Knowing my strengths (strong) and weaknesses all too well，I decided to focus on the task of working with the subjects．(2022·浙江1月卷读后续写) ②It is by learning cooking that I have strengthened (strength) my relationship with my parents．(2023·全国乙卷书面表达) ③为了强身健体，我们经常组织各种各样的活动，例如打篮球和乒乓球。 To build up our strength，we often hold all kinds of activities，such as playing basketball and table tennis． compete vi．竞争；对抗(competition n．竞争；比赛　competitive adj．竞争的；有竞争性的　competitor n．竞争者) compete with/against sb 和某人竞争 compete for sth 为……而竞争 compete in sth 在……中竞争　　 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①While this was a competitive (compete) race，what really mattered was not the title of championship but the determination that participants showed during the race．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷应用文) ②The whistle went off and the competitors (compete) began to take their places．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) ③人生就像一场漫长的竞赛，我们与别人竞争以超越自己。(读后续写之主旨升华) Life is like a long competitive race in which we compete with/against others to go beyond ourselves． 学生用书↓第33页 stress n．压力；紧张；重音 vt．强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi．焦虑不安(stressed adj．焦虑不安的；感到有压力的　stressful adj．产生压力的；压力重的) (1)under stress　　 在压力之下 put stress on sth 强调某事物 (2)stress the importance of... 强调……的重要性　　 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Thankfulness has a lot of benefits：Research shows it makes us happier，less stressed (stress) and even more optimistic．(2023·全国甲卷) ②你最好早点到，因为中国人重视守时。(建议信) You'd better arrive a little earlier as the Chinese lay stress on punctuality． ③正如我们多次强调的，学好英语对你未来的职业发展是非常重要的。(应用文写作之语言学习) As has been stressed many times，learning English well is of great importance to your career development in the future． 短语句式　学以致用　——精讲精练 应用提升全通关 give up 放弃；投降 give in 　　　 屈服，投降 give out 分发；用光；精疲力竭 give away 赠送；泄露 give off 散发光和热等 give way to 给……让路　　 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Bicycles are environmentally-friendly because they won't give off waste gas． ②Never give in to any difficulties；keep trying and you will make it one day．(劝慰信) ③简的精力已经耗尽了。她的脚像灌了铅一样沉重，她瘫坐在树旁，失控地哭起来。(读后续写之情感描写) Jane's energy had given out．Her feet felt as heavy as lead and she slumped beside a tree，weeping without control． ④看到大卫焦虑的表情，我知道他会放弃参加越野队的。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) Seeing his face filled with anxiety，I knew David would give up participating in the cross-country team． make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚 (1)make sense of 理解；明白 It makes (no) sense to do sth． 做某事(没)有道理/意义。 (2)in a sense 从某种意义上说 in no sense 决不(用在句首时，句子主谓部分倒装) There is no sense in doing sth． 做某事没道理/意义。　　 练透——补全句子/词汇升级 ①This sentence just doesn't make sense (有道理)，no matter how you read it． ②As far as I'm concerned，there is no sense in getting upset about it (再为这件事烦恼是没有意义的) now． ③In no sense should you lose heart (你应该失去信心)；keep trying and you will make it sooner or later． ④With the guidance of my grandfather，not only did I understand some complicated characters，but more importantly，I became more patient and focused． →With the guidance of my grandfather，not only did I make sense of some complicated characters，but more importantly，I became more patient and focused． 【点拨】　 “决不”位于句首部分倒装短语荟萃： in no way；in no case；by no means；on no conditio 学生用书↓第34页 rather than 而不是 (1) 宁愿……，而不愿…… (2)other than　　 不同于；除了……外 more than 多于；不仅仅；非常　　 练透——单句语法填空/一句多译 ①It was the twins rather than their father that were taking (take)the breakfast upstairs when mother came home． ②Facing up to your problems rather than pretending (pretend) not to see them is the best approach to working things out． ③因此，学生应该抽出更多的时间来阅读英语，而不是看电影或听音乐太多。(2022·全国乙卷书面表达) ③－1 Therefore，students should spare more time for English reading rather than watching movies or listening to music too much． ③－2 As a result，students should prefer to spare more time for English reading rather than watch movies or listen to music too much． make a difference 有作用或影响 make a difference to... 对……有作用/有影响 make some/no/little difference (to...) (对……)有一些/没有作用或影响 tell the difference (between...and...) 辨别/区分(……与……)　　 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Even if it is a small thing，it could still make much difference to the environment． ②The twins are so alike that it's difficult to tell the difference (differ) between them． ③有时仅仅一点善举也很有意义，使得这个世界更加美丽和谐。(读后续写之主旨升华) Sometimes only a little kindness can make a great difference，making the world more beautiful and harmonious． 句型公式：“Sb/Sth seems/seemed＋动词不定式”意为“看来……；好像……” (教材原句)In the final seconds of a game，Jordan always seemed to find a way to win． 在一场比赛的最后几秒钟，乔丹似乎总能找到获胜的方法。 (1)seem to do sth 似乎/好像要做某事 seem to be doing sth 似乎/好像正在做某事 seem to have done sth 似乎/好像已经做了某事 (2)It seems (to sb) that... (在某人看来)似乎…… There seems to be... 似乎有；好像有　　 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①It seems difficult to learn (learn) so many new words by heart in a short time． ②事实上，每个人似乎都有诸事不顺的一段时期，因此不必太担心。(建议信) Actually，everyone may go through a time when things seem to be going wrong，so there is no need to worry so much． ③他的嘴里似乎充满了血，他的眼睛因愤怒而发红。(2020·浙江高考读后续写) ③－1 It seemed that his mouth was full of blood and his eyes were red with anger． ③－2 His mouth seemed to be full of blood and his eyes were red with anger． 学生用书↓第35页 句型公式：even if 引导的让步状语从句 (教材原句)A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team．足球运动员不应该假装摔倒，即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。 even if意为“尽管；即使”，相当于even though，引导让步状语从句。　　 练透——完成句子 ①即使我吓得浑身颤抖，我仍然鼓起勇气，走上舞台，开始了我的演讲。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写) Even if/though so frightened that I trembled all over，I still gathered up all my courage，stepped on the stage and began my speech． ②当我盯着她看时，我突然意识到她是多么美丽，尽管她浑身是泥。 When I stared at her，I suddenly realized how beautiful she was，even though/if she was covered in mud． 层级一　过基础——教材核心知识精准练 维度1　单句语法填空 1．Thinking positively (positive) and confidently, the injured (injure) soldier gradually recovered and managed to strengthen (strong) his friendship with the doctor． 2．The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou was honoured (honour) with the Noble Prize for her contribution in treating malaria． 3．Jogging (jog) along the narrow path，the official became less stressed (stress) and within minutes he was sweaty (sweat)． 4．(2024·安徽省黄山市一模)Anyone，regardless of their age or level of fitness (fit)，can practice and benefit from Tai Chi． 5．Compared (compare) with those who are always complaining，people with a positive attitude towards life live longer． 6．I have been trying to contact the official in charge of transport in the past three hours，but I didn't make it． 7．(2023·辽宁省模拟一)Although this was the first time for China to host (host) the Winter Olympic Games，it was a great success． 8．Failure (fail) is recognised as the mother of success，so as long as we don't lose heart，we will succeed． 维度2　熟词生义/一词多义 写出加黑部分的精确汉语释义 1．Even if the architect worked hard，he still had a slim chance of winning the competition． adj．微小的；渺茫的 2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Giant pandas also serve as an umbrella species(物种)，bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China．许多；大量 3．Some particularly deep reservoirs (水库) can bring about earthquakes due to the stress on their bottom rocks caused by huge volumes of water． n．压力 4．根据语境选出work out短语的含义 A．锻炼　B．制定出　C．进展顺利　D．解决 ①With great efforts the soldier worked out the problem． D ②(2022·全国甲卷书面表达)Countries should team up with one another to work out practical plans regarding ocean protection． B 学生用书↓第36页 ③To win glory for our class in the sports meeting，I have been working out for an hour every morning． A ④(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写)Although it was a hard time and things were tight for everybody，Bernard's business worked out quite well． C 维度3　完成句子/词汇、句式升级 1．这次经历给我的教训是，只有勇敢地承担失败的全部责任，而不是指责别人，才能取得成功。(读后续写之升华句) The lesson I have drawn from this experience is that only by bravely taking full responsibility for failure rather than blaming others can we succeed． 2．尽管很绝望，但是他对家人佯称一切顺利。(读后续写之情感描写) Despite a feeling of desperation，he pretended to his family that everything was going well． 3．上周末，我们以“劳动最美”为主题发起了一场活动，并强调了亲自动手劳动的重要性。 Last weekend，we started a campaign with the theme “Working is the most beautiful” and stressed the importance of working with our own hands． 4．(2021·浙江6月卷读后续写)At that time，I decided to go on working on the farm so that I could help support my family． →It was at that time that I determined to go on working on the farm so that I could help support my family．(升级加黑词；强调句型) 层级二　过能力——满分写作技能提升练 Part 1．应用文写作提分练——广播稿(运动) 用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作再背诵。 假定本周是你校的体育周，请你用英语为你校广播站写一篇题为“运动改变了我”的稿件，介绍你运动观念的转变。内容包括： 1．你之前的状态；2．你运动的经历；3．你的改变 第一步：斟酌词句，靓化表达 (加黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇) 1．这周是我们学校的体育周。今天，我很荣幸能在此与大家分享体育的好处、我个人的经历和感受。 This week is sports week in our school．Today，I feel highly honoured to be here to share with you the benefits of sports as well as my personal experiences and feelings about it． 2．我曾经讨厌早起锻炼，因为运动让我出汗和疲惫。 I once hated getting up early to work out because it made me sweaty and tired out． 3．在尝试之后，我发现运动很有益。运动不仅能强身健体，还能使我们保持积极。 After trying it，I found sports beneficial．Not only do sports built our strength，but also keep us positive．(倒装) 4．我经常去慢跑，慢跑能缓解我的压力，坚持慢跑对我的健康有很大的帮助。 I often go jogging，which relieves my stress．Sticking to jogging makes a difference to my fitness．(非限制性定语从句) 5．生命在于运动，让我们一起有规律地健身锻炼吧。 As life lies in movement，let's work out regularly together． 学生用书↓第37页 第二步：恰当过渡，完美成文(请利用恰当的过渡衔接词汇) Sports Have Changed Me This week is sports week in our school．Today，I feel highly honoured to be here to share with you the benefits of sports as well as my personal experiences and feelings about it． I once hated getting up early to work out because it made me sweaty and tired out．However，after trying it，I found sports beneficial．Not only do sports build up our strength，but also keep us positive．I often go jogging，which relieves my stress．Moreover，sticking to jogging makes a difference to my fitness． As life lies in movement，let's work out regularly together． Part 2．读后续写之场景描写——坚持不懈，永不放弃 Ⅰ．主题语境词汇 主题语境词汇 1．professional　　　职业的 2．amateur 业余的 3．competition 比赛 4．compass 指南针 5．track　　跑道；足迹；铁路轨道；追踪；跟踪 6．medal 奖章；勋章 7．positive 积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的 8．injure 使受伤；损害 主题语境词块 1．make it　　　　　　　　　　　　成功做到 2．cheer sb on 为某人加油鼓劲 3．a great sense of accomplishment 成就感 4．out of breath　　　　气喘吁吁 5．cross the finishing line 穿过终点线 Ⅱ．基于主题语境的续写实践 第一步：完成句子 1．大卫没有因为害怕在比赛中失败而灰心丧气，他站起来，以坚定的语气说：“我要跑。” Rather than losing heart for fear of failing in the competition，David rose and said in a determined tone，“I'll run”． 2．Watching him running along the track，I prayed that he wouldn't fall and injure himself． 看着他沿着跑道跑，我祈祷他不要摔倒受伤。 3．The audience cheered him on as he headed closer and closer． 他越跑越近，观众开始为他加油。 4．Slowly and confidently，he took his next step，one by one．His confidence and determination left us a deep impression． 他慢慢地，自信地一步一步地跑着。他的决心和自信给我们留下了深刻的印象。 5．He eventually made it to the finish line． 他最终到达了终点。 6．A great sense of accomplishment and pride rose inside him． 一种巨大的成就感和自豪感在他心中升起。 第二步：衔接美文(将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇。) Rather than losing heart for fear of failing in the competition，David rose and said in a determined tone，“I'll run”．Watching him running along the track，I prayed that he wouldn't fall and injure himself．The audience cheered him on as he headed closer and closer．Slowly and confidently，he took his next step，one by one．His confidence and determination left us a deep impression．He eventually made it to the finish line．In that moment，a great sense of accomplishment and pride rose inside him． 单元测评4　UNIT 3　SPORTS AND FITNESS (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) (时间：30分钟　满分：45分)　 Ⅰ．阅读理解(本题共7个小题，每小题2．5分，共17．5分) A Ida Keeling had grown up poor in Harlem and done hard，grinding work in factories during the Great Depression．She had lost her husband early to a heart attack，and two of her four children—both of her sons—died in accidents．Keeling had sunk into a deep depression．Her health had begun to slide and her daughter，Cheryl，began to worry that she soon might be losing her mother as well． Keeling's daughter is a lifelong athlete．That may be what would pull her mother out from under her dark cloud．She suggested a run．Not just a jog around the block，but an official run．At the time，Ida Keeling was 67． It had been decades since Keeling had done any running，and she would later recall that the first “mini-run” was wonderful．“I just threw off all my bad memories，” Keeling says．She hasn't stopped running since，and it's no longer the difficulty it was during that first meet．Since then，Keeling has set records for 60 meters in the 95－99 age group，and in 100 meters for the over 100 group．“I was just exercising，” she says，“and now I'm all over the world．” When she's not running，she's working out．She's in the gym three to four days a week，running，working out with weights and pedaling on the exercise bike—and even exercising while she's cooking．Part of her healthy diet is an occasional dose of red wine mixed with her coffee or water to aid blood circulation．She's written a book about her experiences，titled Can't Nothing Bring Me Down: Chasing Myself in the Race Against Time．Her philosophy is also fit for a runner: “Every day is another day forward．” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Keeling在67岁时开始尝试跑步。跑步不仅锻炼了她的身体，而且使她忘掉了自己的烦恼。 1．Why did Keeling start to run at an old age? A．She wanted her daughter getting out of dark cloud． B．She wanted to learn from her daughter． C．Cheryl persuaded her to do so． D．Cheryl wanted her to be a lifelong runner． 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Keeling's daughter is a lifelong athlete．That may be what would pull her mother out from under her dark cloud．She suggested a run．”可知，Keeling的女儿认为跑步能让母亲从悲伤中解脱出来，因此她建议母亲跑步。 2．How did Keeling feel about her first “mini-run”？ A．Pleased． B．Curious． C．Annoyed． D．Proud． 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“It had been decades since Keeling had done any running，and she would later recall that the first ‘mini-run’ was wonderful．”可知，在Keeling的第一次迷你跑中，她感到很愉悦。 3．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Early hard life of Keeling B．The benefit of running for Keeling's later life C．The significance of caring for old people D．Every day is precious for old people 答案：B 解析：标题归纳题。根据全文可知，文章主要讲述Keeling晚年开始跑步，跑步给她带来了意想不到的好处。所以“The benefit of running for Keeling's later life”作为文章标题最为合适。 B Regular physical activity had nearly doubled cardiovascular (心血管的) benefits in individuals with depression or anxiety，compared with individuals without these diagnoses，according to a study presented at the American College of Cardiology's 71st Annual Scientific Session． The research findings add to mounting evidence that exercise improves cardiovascular health by helping to activate parts of the brain that counteract stress．Overall，the study found that people who achieved the recommended amount of physical activity per week were 17% less likely to suffer a major harmful cardiovascular event than those who exercised less．These benefits were significantly greater in those with anxiety or depression，who had a 22% risk reduction vs．a 10% risk reduction in those without either condition． “The effect of physical activity on the brain's stress response may be particularly relevant to those with stress-related mental conditions，” said Hadil Zureigat，MD，postdoctoral clinical research fellow at Massachusetts General Hospital and the study's lead author．“This is not to suggest that exercise is only effective in those with depression or anxiety，but we found that these patients seem to get a greater cardiovascular benefit from physical activity．” Rates of both depression and anxiety have risen during the outbreak of flu，and heart disease remains the leading cause of death in the US．The study findings underline the important role of exercise in maintaining heart health and reducing stress，according to the researchers． “Any amount of exercise is helpful，particularly for those with depression or anxiety，” Zureigat said．“Not only will physical activity help them feel better，but they will also significantly reduce their risk of cardiovascular disease．It can be hard to make the transition，but once achieved，physical activity allows those with these common chronic (慢性的) stress-related mental conditions to hit two birds with one stone．” 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了锻炼对患有抑郁症或焦虑症的人的心血管的益处。 4．Who can get the most cardiovascular benefit from regular exercise? A．Someone with little brain capacity． B．Someone with abnormal heart rates． C．Someone diagnosed with depression． D．Someone with fear-related mental conditions． 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段可知，与没有抑郁症或焦虑症的人相比，有规律的体育锻炼给有这些症状的人的心血管带来的益处几乎是翻倍的。 5．What does the underlined word “counteract” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Double． B．Resist． C．Awaken． D．Transport． 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。根据语境可知，研究结果进一步证明，锻炼有助于激活大脑中抵抗压力的部分，从而改善心血管健康状况。由此可推知，counteract意为“抵抗”。 6．Which of the following may the findings support? A．Physical exercise is vital to mental health． B．Physical exercise can cure those people of flu． C．Exercise merely works for those with depression． D．Exercise accelerates the recovery of all mental patients． 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段可知，研究结果强调了锻炼在保持心脏健康和减轻压力方面的重要作用。 7．What is the best title for the text? A．Physical Activity Can Prevent Chronic Disease B．Heart Disease Remains the Leading Cause of Death C．Rates of Depression Have Risen during the Outbreak of Flu D．Workout Is Very Good for Stress-related Patients' Cardiovascular Health 答案：D 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了锻炼对有心理压力相关问题的患者的心血管健康有很大益处。故D项最适合作文章标题。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五(本题共5个小题，每小题2．5分，共12．5分) Getting older involves changes in all realms of life，from the physical to the mental，to the social，emotional，sexual，and more．Ideally，you'll have already been practicing healthy habits throughout your life．But even if you haven't，it's never too late to start taking active steps to maintain and even improve your health．Adopting even a few of the habits will start you on the right track． 1 According to Medline Plus，exercising regularly can improve your balance，help keep you mobile，improve your mood by reducing feelings of anxiety and depression，and contribute to better cognitive functioning． 2 Any exercise at all is better than none．CDC recommends 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity each week；you can further break this down into 30 active minutes a day for five days a week． One article found that participants who reported higher levels of social activity were more likely to experience more positive moods，fewer negative feelings，and higher levels of physical activity．If you don't currently have an active social life，look for opportunities to reconnect with old friends or make new ones． 3 Regular checkups with your doctor are opportunities to catch problems early and treat them before they become bigger problems．If you are experiencing memory or mobility issues，or have been recently hospitalized，you may want to schedule an appointment with geriatricians (老年病学专家)． 4 Following an initial consultation，they can help you create a care plan tailored to your needs． It may seem like a no-brainer，but it bears repeating that you should always take any medication prescribed to you exactly as directed by your doctor．However，it's also worth doing a periodic medication review with your primary care doctor to discuss whether all of your prescriptions are still necessary． 5 A．It's also an important part of managing some chronic diseases． B．They specialize in the care and treatment of older people． C．Keep in mind that your pharmacist is another resource for information． D．Seek out like-minded others that corresponds to an interest of yours． E．Keeping physically active can help reduce many of the effects of aging． F．Feeling constantly exhausted or depressed is not normal at any age． G．It's important to know what's normal for your body as you age． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着年龄的增长，我们该如何保持健康、幸福的生活状态。本文主要给老年人推荐了几条保持健康的好习惯。 1．答案：E 解析：此空位于段首，应是本段的中心句。根据后文“According to Medline Plus，exercising regularly can improve your balance，help keep you mobile，improve your mood by reducing feelings of anxiety and depression，and contribute to better cognitive functioning．”可知，E项承接上文，开启下文，说明经常锻炼的重要性，符合语境。故选E。 2．答案：A 解析：根据下文“Any exercise at all is better than none．”并结合上文可知，A项中It指代前句中exercising regularly，承接上文进一步讲了定期锻炼的重要性，符合语境，故选A。 3．答案：D 解析：根据上文“If you don't...or make new ones．”可知，D项“寻找与你志趣相投的人”，承接上文，符合语境。故选D。 4．答案：B 解析：根据上文“If you are experiencing memory or mobility issues，or have been recently hospitalized，you may want to schedule an appointment with geriatricians(老年病学专家)．”以及下文“Following an initial consultation，they can help you create a care plan tailored to your needs．”可知，B项承上启下，其中的They指代前句geriatricians，符合语境，故选B。 5．答案：C 解析：本空位于段尾，是对本段的总结。根据上文可知，此处是在讲述和你的各种医生保持沟通，所以C项“Keep in mind that your pharmacist is another resource for information．(记住，你的药剂师是另一个信息来源)”承接上文，符合语境。故选C。 Ⅲ．语法填空(本题共10个空，每空1．5分，共15分) The Olympics are a series of international athletic competitions held in different countries．They're 1． important multi-sport event that takes place every four years．For the Olympics，participants from all over the world train for years and try their best 2． (win)． Pierre Coubertin，a French man，3． (found) the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1894．He was once a teacher and historian．In his honor，French had the official status (地位) and 4． (prior) over other languages at the Olympics．According to the Olympic Charter，English and French are the official languages of the Olympics．Therefore，every participant needs to have their documents 5． (translate) in both languages．Besides，real-time interpretations in Arabic，German，Russian，and Spanish must be available for all sessions． The IOC has a complete guide for those 6． want to apply to these contests．French has the status of being the first official language for Olympic events and it was the language of diplomacy (外交) in the beginning．But later，more countries considered 7． (participate) in this contest．The IOC then made French and English the official languages of the Olympics． 8． (actual)，more than 100 countries in the world speak English now．Besides，almost every country has made 9． a must that children learn English in schools and colleges．This 10． (influence) status has caused the IOC to make English one of the official languages． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了奥运会官方语言的背景知识。 1．答案：an 解析：句意：这是一项重要的综合性体育赛事，每四年举办一次。设空处修饰名词event，表泛指，应用冠词，设空后important发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 2．答案：to win 解析：句意：为了奥运会，来自世界各地的选手们常年训练，尽他们最大的努力去赢得比赛。短语try one's best to do，意为“尽某人最大努力去做”，故填to win。 3．答案：founded 解析：句意：法国人皮埃尔·顾拜旦于1894年创立了国际奥委会(IOC)。设空处为谓语，根据时间状语in 1894可知，应用一般过去时，故填founded。 4．答案：priority 解析：句意：为了纪念他，在整个奥运会期间，法语和其他语言相比拥有官方地位和优先权。设空处和official status (地位) 并列作宾语，应用名词，故填priority。 5．答案：translated 解析：句意：因此，每个参与者都需要将他们的文件翻译成两种语言。短语have sth done，意为“让某事被做”，their documents和translate之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾补，故填translated。 6．答案：who 解析：句意：国际奥委会为那些想要申请参加这些比赛的人提供了一份完整的指南。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词those，指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，故填who。 7．答案：participating 解析：句意：但后来，更多的国家考虑参加这个比赛。动词consider后加动词-ing形式作宾语，故填participating。 8．答案：Actually 解析：句意：实际上，现在世界上有100多个国家说英语。设空处修饰整个句子作状语，应用副词形式，句首首字母用大写，故填Actually。 9．答案：it 解析：句意：此外，几乎每个国家都规定孩子们必须在中小学和大学学习英语。设空处为形式宾语，代替后面的that从句，故填it。 10．答案：influential 解析：句意：这种影响力使得国际奥委会将英语作为官方语言之一。设空处修饰名词status，应用形容词作定语，故填influential。 学生用书↓第38页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$