Unit 10 Connections（教师用书word）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（北师大版2019）

学应用文写作思路·背精彩范文(体裁：电子邮件　话题：结识爱尔兰朋友) 典例呈现 　　(2022·浙江1月卷)假定你是李华，在“中国——爱尔兰文化节”活动中结识了爱尔兰朋友Chris，现在他已回国。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.回忆活动经历；2.分享个人收获；3.希望保持联系。 注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 精彩范文在线 词汇学习记忆 Dear Chris， How is everything going？I hope everything is going well back in Ireland. Looking back on the unforgettable activity，I bear bits and pieces of it in mind.From Chinese calligraphy learning to the celebrations of your traditional festival，we've not only experienced authentic immersion in the exotic culture，but also formed a friendship which will certainly be cherished for good．I sincerely wish we could keep in touch with each other. Keenly anticipating our reunion in the near future! Yours， Li Hua ①look back on 回顾 ②bear...in mind 记住…… ③immersion n. 沉浸，专心 ④cherish v. 珍惜，珍视 ⑤for good永远 ⑥keenly adv. 热切地 ⑦anticipate v．期望，期盼 句型迁移运用 We've not only experienced authentic immersion in the exotic culture，but also formed a friendship which will certainly be cherished for good.(not only...but also...) 【仿写】 他们不仅履行了诺言，而且使城市变得更加美丽。 They not only fulfilled the promise，but also made the city more beautiful． 学生用书↓第425页 一、重点单词分类——夯基础 核心单词 1．conflict n. 抵触，冲突，矛盾 2．friction n. 不和，冲突，摩擦 3．release vt.&n. 发表，发布；释放 4．phrase n. 成语，习语；警句 5．bond n. 纽带，联系 6．reveal vt. 揭示，揭露；展现，显露 7．sigh n．&vi. 叹息，叹气 8．despair n. 绝望 9．dare n．&vi. 胆敢，敢于 10．bare adj. 空的，无装饰的；赤裸的，裸露的 11．bone n. 骨头；骨质物 12．sob n．&vi.&vt. 抽噎，啜泣；哭诉 13．dive vi. 扑向，急冲进；跳水，潜水 14．frown vi. 皱眉 15．loan n. 贷款 16．debt n. 债务，欠款 17．document n. 公文，文件 拓展单词 1.intervention n．干涉，干预 →intervene vt.干涉，干预 2．disagreement n．意见不合，分歧，争论→disagree vi.不同意 3．envy vt.羡慕，妒忌→envious adj.羡慕的，嫉妒的 4．encouragement n．鼓励，鼓舞；起激励作用的事物→encourage vt.鼓励 5．disturb vt.干扰，打扰，使中断→disturbing adj.令人烦心的，引起烦恼的→disturbed adj.烦恼的；不安的→disturbance n．干扰；骚扰；心神不安 6．apologise vi.道歉，谢罪→apology n．道歉，谢罪 7．theory n．学说，理论 →theoretical adj.理论的 8．impression n．印象，感想→impress vt.使印象深刻→impressive adj.给人印象深刻的，引人注目的 9．random adj.随机的，随意的 →randomly adv.随机地，随意地 10．additionally adv.除此之外，此外 →addition n．附加，附加物→additional adj.额外的，附加的 11．frequently adv.经常地，频繁地→frequent adj.经常的，频繁的→frequency n．频繁；频率 12．consequence n．后果 →consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv.因此，所以 13．adopt vi.&vt.收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度→adopted adj.收养的→adoption n．收养；采用 14．freeze vi.&vt.呆住；突然停止；(使)结冰，(使)冻结→frozen adj.(河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的→freezing adj.冷冰冰的；极冷的 15．amazement n．吃惊，惊奇→amaze vt.使吃惊 →amazed adj.吃惊的，惊讶的→amazing adj.令人吃惊的 16．investigate vi.&vt.查明，调查， 侦查→investigation n．调查，查明 17．resolutely adv.坚决地，坚定地→resolute adj.坚决的，坚定的 18．appeal vi.有吸引力 vi.&vt.呼吁，恳请；上诉→appealing adj.吸引人的；恳求的 19．sorrow n．悲伤，悲痛；不幸→sorrowful adj.伤心的，悲伤的 20．forgiveness n．原谅，宽恕→forgive vt.&vi.原谅；谅解；宽恕 21．interrupt vi.&vt.打断(某人的)讲话，中断(某人的)行动，打扰→interruption n．中断，打断 22．legal adj.法律的；法律允许的，合法的→legally adv.合法地，法律上→illegal adj.违法的→illegally adv.违法地 学生用书↓第426页 阅读单词 1．clinic n. 诊所，(医院)门诊部 2．gallery n. 美术馆，画廊 3. grocery n. 食品杂货；超级市场 4．stadium n. 体育场，运动场 5．bakery n. 面包烘房，糕饼店 6．cafeteria n. (工厂、学校等的)自助餐厅，食堂 7．canteen n. (工厂、学校等的)食堂，餐厅 8．suburb n. 郊区，近郊，城郊 9．forum n. (互联网上的)论坛，讨论区；讨论会，电视专题讨论节目 10．chain n. 一连串，一系列；链子，链条 11．network n. 人际关系网，联络网；网络，网状系统 12．sociologist n. 社会学家 13．parcel n. 包裹；邮包 14．bimonthly adj. 两月一次的；一月两次的 15．closely-knit adj. 紧密连结在一起的 16．household n. 一家人，同住一栋房子的人 17．outskirts n. 市郊，郊区，远离城市中心的地区 18．stiff adj. 挺的，硬的，不易弯曲的 19．clasp vt. 握紧，抱紧 n. 紧握，紧抱 20．proceed vi. 继续进行，继续做 21．tear-stained adj. 有泪痕的 22．shiver n．&vi. 颤抖，哆嗦，发抖 23．orphan n. 孤儿 24．pillow n. 枕头 25．emperor n. 皇帝 26．republic n. 共和国 二、必备短语分组——抓落实 汉译英 英译汉 1．hang out 闲待，厮混 2．burst into 突然……起来(尤指唱歌、哭、笑等) 3．come up 出现；发生 4．refer to 提到，提及；参考，查阅；指的是 5．be involved in 参与，涉及 6．turn down 翻转，折叠；拒绝；关小，调低 7．participate in 参加，加入 8．in return for 作为回报 9．with the aim of 为了……，目的是…… 10．sort out 解决(问题)；理清(细节) 11．a chain of 一系列，一连串 12．consist of 由……组成 13．in the end 最后，终于 14．keep an eye on 密切注意 15．in the hope of 怀着……的希望 三、经典句式默背——积佳句 句型公式 单元美句 1.状语从句的省略 ...once released, the results were published in the bimonthly magazine Psychology Today. 结果一经公布，便发表在双月刊《今日心理学》上。 2．强调句型 It was this research that inspired the phrase “Six Degrees of Separation”． 正是这项研究启发了“六度分隔”这一说法。 3．情态动词＋have done I might have expected it. I might have known it was all too beautiful to last. I might have known nobody really did want me. 我早就应该料到。我早就应该知道这件事太美好而无法持久。我早就应该想到没人真的想要我。 4．完全倒装 In one corner was the bed, a high, old-fashioned one of dark wood. 角落里有一张床，一张高高的老式深色木床。 1.But when her eyes fell on the odd little figure in the stiff, ugly dress, with the long red hair and the eager, bright eyes, she froze in amazement. 但当她的目光落在那个衣服不合身又难看、长着红色长头发、眼睛热切而明亮的古怪小人身上时，她惊呆了。 2．Sitting down on a chair by the table, throwing her arms on it, and burying her face in them, she proceeded to cry stormily. 她一下坐到桌边的椅子上，扑到桌上，脸埋在臂弯里，放声大哭。 (限时20分钟，满分50分) Ⅰ.单词拼写(每空1分，共10分) 1．Things seemed all right at first.However，with time going by，conflicts (冲突) emerged. 2．About 23，000，000，000 tons of carbon dioxide are released (释放) into the atmosphere every year. 3．Details of the murder were revealed (揭露) by the local paper. 学生用书↓第207页 4．It not only contributed to a close bond (联系) between students，but also enriched our school life. 5．With a cry of horror and despair (绝望)，the old couple sank sobbing to the ground，helpless. 6．She sighed (叹气)，then continued in a soft，calm voice. 7．I dived (跳水) into the water and started swimming at a steady pace. 8．Many people experience difficulty in paying off their debts (债务). 9．Mary frowned (皱眉)slightly，but then her face slowly broke into a smile. 10．When I opened the bag，I realized that the papers were official documents (文件). Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Most frequently (frequent)，the groups reported that they“shared arguments and reasoned together”． 2．(2023·北京卷)The inability to engage with longer-term causes and consequences (consequence) leads to some of the world's most serious problems. 3．(2022·浙江1月卷)He just gave me the impression (impress) that he could do whatever project we dreamed up better if he did it alone. 4．When he was 16，Molai began to notice something disturbing (disturb)happening around his home. 5．Though I was refused，I still received some great encouragement (encourage)，which gives me confidence to be a writer. 6．For many childless couples，adoption (adopt) is the best solution. 7．They are conducting an investigation (investigate) into children's understanding and appreciation of art. 8．In this sense，nothing is as appealing (appeal)as spending time with the family and enjoying various activities. 9．A lorry driver can legally (legal) work eighty-two hours a week. 10．To my amazement (amaze)，the old man was able to recite the whole poem from memory. Ⅲ.短语填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) refer to，be involved in, burst into, with the aim of，sort out, hang out, keep an eye on, in the hope of, in return for, turn down 1．Mark gave the sailor some money in return for his valuable help. 2．Even if I am busy with my lessons, I have managed to find time to hang out with my friends. 3．There is no need to keep an eye on him all day.After all, he is not a child. 4．I recommend an exchange program to anyone who wants to be involved in foreign cultures. 5．The company you referred to just now has a worldwide reputation for quality. 6．Last week, our school organized a handcraft making activity, with the aim of promoting recycling and environmental protection. 7．Though it takes a little more time for individuals to sort out their own garbage, it saves the government a large amount of time and allows more things to be recycled. 8．Numerous music activities have been held in the hope of creating a platform to invite everyone to learn Chinese classic music. 9．Jessie smiled and told him the situation which made him burst into laughter too. 10．Tom had to turn down the invitation to the party because he was at school then. 学生用书↓第208页 Ⅳ.经典句式仿写(每小题2分，共10分) 1．如果是真的，这会给我们带来很多麻烦。(状语从句的省略) If true, this will cause us a lot of trouble. 2．只有通过相互倾听和相互理解，孩子和父母之间的问题才能被解决。(强调句型) It is by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled. 3．我没有告诉他这些细节，因此他一定是自己做了一些调查。(情态动词＋have done) I hadn't told him these details, so he must have done some research on his own. 4．在小溪的一边有一棵硕果累累的大树。(完全倒装) There stands a big tree full of fruit on one side of the stream. 5．在我们的交流项目即将结束之际，我想对您的友好和慷慨表示衷心的感谢。(with复合结构) With our exchange program drawing to an end, I want to express our sincere gratitude to you for your kindness and generosity. Part 1　核心词汇·多维练透 conflict n．抵触，冲突，矛盾 (1)be in conflict with... 与……冲突 come into conflict with 与……发生冲突 (2)conflict vi. 冲突；抵触 conflict with 与……冲突/抵触　　 单句语法填空/应用文写作之建议信 ①Having disagreements with your parents does not necessarily mean you must come into conflict with them. ②She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career in fashion design. ③与朋友发生冲突时，重要的是要保持冷静，设身处地为他着想。 While conflicting with your friend，it is important to keep calm and put yourself in his place. [中国元素] Some regions along the ancient Silk Road used to be a land of milk and honey.Yet today，these places are often associated with conflict，crisis and challenge. 古丝绸之路沿线的一些地区曾经是一片盛产牛奶和蜂蜜的地区。然而，今天，这些地方往往与冲突、危机和挑战联系在一起。 disturb vt.干扰，打扰，使中断(派生词：①disturbed adj.心神不安的，心烦意乱的　②disturbing adj.令人不安的，引起烦恼的　③disturbance n．干扰；骚扰；心神不安) (1)it disturbs sb to do sth 做某事使某人不安 (2)be disturbed by 为……感到不安；被……打扰　　 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①What made me annoyed was that the disturbing noise outside completely disturbed my mind.(disturb) ②得知我不能按时陪你去书店，我心里感到很不安。 a．What disturbs me greatly to know is that I can't accompany you to the bookstore on time.(what引导主语从句) b．It disturbs me greatly to know that I can't accompany you to the bookstore on time.(it作形式主语) 学生用书↓第209页 apologise vi.道歉，谢罪(派生词：apology n．道歉；辩白) (1)apologise to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉 (2)make an apology to sb for sth 因某事向某人道歉 owe sb an apology 应向某人道歉 accept one's apology 接受某人的道歉　　 单句语法填空/应用文写作之道歉信 ①(2021·全国甲卷)I come to you，hat in hand，to apologize for the damage I had indirectly caused. ②非常抱歉本周六我不能教你制作中国结了，所以我欠你一个道歉。我真希望你能接受我真诚的道歉。 I have to make an apology/apologise to you for not being able to teach you to make Chinese knots this Saturday，so I owe you an apology．And I do wish that you will accept my sincere apology． [真题衔接] ③(2021·全国甲卷)“I remember walking down the long hall and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls，” Burchill said in a recent letter of apology(apologise) to the 4-star hotel. consequence n．后果(派生词：①consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的　②consequently adv.因此；结果) as a consequence 因此；结果 as a consequence of＝in consequence of 由于……的缘故　　 单句语法填空/词汇升级 ① Consequently (consequent)，some viewers began to turn away from cinemas，leading to a slower growth. ②As a consequence of his laziness，he was fired by the boss of the company. ③(2020·全国Ⅰ卷书面表达)Regardless of the risk of getting infected，Uncle Li is responsible and devoted to his job.As a result，he deserves our respect. →Regardless of the risk of getting infected，Uncle Li is responsible and devoted to his job.As a consequence，he deserves our respect. [中国元素] China has long been known as the “land of ceremony and propriety”．Consequently，there are certain manners that should be observed at banquets or formal dinners. 中国长期以来被称为“礼仪之邦”。因此，在宴会或正式晚宴上应该遵守某些礼仪。 amazement n．吃惊，惊奇(派生词：①amaze vt.使惊讶　②amazed adj.惊奇的；惊喜的；惊讶的　③amazing adj.令人吃惊的) (1)to one's amazement 让某人惊讶的是 (2)be amazed at/by... 对……感到惊讶 be amazed to do sth 对做某事感到惊奇 be amazed that... 对……吃惊　　 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①She stood beside her chair，amazed (amaze) and embarrassed. ②With a goal in mind，you will be amazed at/by your potential if you strive for that goal. ③让我吃惊的是，这位老人捐出所有的钱来资助当地的学校。 a．What amazed me was that the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school.(amaze) b．It was amazing for me that the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school.(amazing) c．To my amazement，the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school.(amazement) 学生用书↓第210页 [中国元素] Much to our amazement，white porcelain pillow in the shape of a baby from the Northern Song Dynasty is considered one of the representative works of that period. 令我们惊讶的是，北宋婴儿形状的白瓷枕头被认为是那个时期的代表作品之一。 appeal vi.有吸引力 vi.&vt.呼吁，恳请；上诉(派生词：appealing adj.有吸引力的，有趣的) (1)appeal to 呼吁；上诉；对……有吸引力，使……感兴趣 appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁/恳求某人做某事 appeal to sb for sth 为某事而向某人呼吁 (2)appeal n. 呼吁，恳求 make an appeal to sb for sth 为某事向某人呼吁或请求 make an appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁/恳求某人做某事　　 单句语法填空/应用文写作之活动介绍 ①(2021·全国甲卷满分作文)I am writing to ask for your valuable advice on the aspects of traditional Chinese culture，which are extremely appealing to foreign friends. ②We should appeal to people to save (save) things that nature offers to us. ③Harry Potter stories are so appealing (appeal) that they encourage children to read more. ④短片将帮助我们学生更好地了解学校的历史，并呼吁我们为学校的发展做出贡献。 The short film will help us students know the school's history better and appeal to/make an appeal to us to make contributions to our school's development． [中国元素] What appeals to foreigners most may be the different styles of facial makeup，which is one of the highlights and requires distinctive techniques of painting. 最吸引外国人的可能是不同风格的脸谱，这是亮点之一，需要独特的绘画技巧。 hang out 闲待，厮混 hang up 挂断电话 hang on 不挂断，稍等；(在逆境中)坚持；紧紧握住　　 hang on to 抓紧；保留 hang about/around 徘徊，闲荡　　 单句语法填空/应用文写作之慰问信 ①However，when she hung up，she regretted the way she had handled the call. ②His parents told me that he used to skip lessons and hang around the harbour with his mates. ③在你没有找到更好的工作之前不要放弃目前的工作。 Hang on to your present job until you can get a better one. [真题衔接] ④(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)屋顶上还有一个区域，可以在夏天与其他游客一起闲逛。 There's also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer. Part 2　经典句式·写作迁移 状语从句的省略 当时间、条件、让步或方式状语等从句中的主语同主句主语一致或从句的主语是it，且从句谓语含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语与be动词。　　 [教材原句]　...once released，the results were published in the bimonthly magazine Psychology Today.结果一经公布，便发表在双月刊《今日心理学》上。 [写作迁移]——微写作 ①假如我被接受的话，我将向客人介绍中国的绘画历史，这有助于帮助他们了解中国文化。 If accepted，I can introduce the history of Chinese painting to visitors，it can help them know more about Chinese culture. 学生用书↓第211页 ②在申请工作时，你应该突出你的经验中与你即将申请的这个工作相关的部分。 While applying for a job, you should highlight the parts of your experience that are related to the job. ③教授看到我们虽然很惊讶，但还是给了我们热烈的欢迎。 Though surprised to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome. [真题衔接] ④(2023·北京卷)从远处看，红树林显得更加壮丽。 When seen from afar，the mangrove forests appear more splendid. 情态动词＋have done (1)should/ought to have done表示过去本应该做某事而实际上没有做；其否定形式表示过去本不应该做某事却做了。 (2)must have done 表示对过去已经发生的行为进行推测，意为“想必/准是/一定做了某事”，常用于肯定句。 (3)can/ could have done表示本来能够做某事而实际上没有做；can't/couldn't have done表示某事本可以不做而做了。 (4)may/might have done表示对过去已发生行为的推测，常用于肯定句，意为“想必；也许；可能已经；本可以做(实际却没做)”。 (5)needn't have done表示过去本不必做某事而实际上已经做了。　　 [教材原句]　I might have expected it.I might have known it was all too beautiful to last.I might have known nobody really did want me.我早就应该料到。我早就应该知道这件事太美好而无法持久。我早就应该想到没人真的想要我。 [写作迁移]——微写作 ①你本不该告诉他那个坏消息。 You shouldn't have told him the bad news. ②你在北京学习快一个月了，在这期间你一定收获颇多。 You have been studying in Beijing for nearly a month，during which you must have achieved a lot. ③保罗在演讲比赛中表现出色。他上星期一定练习了很多次。 Paul did a great job in the speech contest.He must have practised many times last week. Part 3　知识拾遗·查缺补漏 Ⅰ.单元词汇拾遗 1．envy vt.羡慕，妒忌→envious adj.羡慕的，嫉妒的 [对点微练]——单句语法填空 ①When Mary conducted the evening party on the stage，her colleagues looked at her with envy. ②Sometimes，Mike worried Tim might be envious (envy) of the attention he gave to other children. 2．sorrow n．悲伤，悲痛；不幸→sorrowful adj.伤心的，悲伤的 [对点微练]——单句语法填空 ①With a sorrowful (sorrow) sigh she folded the letter and put it away. ② To her great sorrow，her grandmother passed away last week. ③He was lost in his books and forgot about all the sorrows (sorrow) in the past. 3．debt n．债务，欠款 [对点微练]——单句语法填空 ①New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to ￡15，000 in debt. ②Many people experience difficulty in paying off their debts (debt). Ⅱ.一词多义 1．freeze [对点微练]——选出freeze的含义 A．vt.冷冻贮藏　B．vi.结冰　C．vt.冻结　D．vi.惊呆，吓呆 ①When the lake freezes，we can go skating on it. B 学生用书↓第212页 ②I'll freeze any food that's left over. A ③The governor's action freezes 300，000 accounts. C ④I froze with terror as the door slowly opened. D 2．chain [对点微练]——赏句猜义 ①She has built up a chain of 180 bookshops across the country. n.一连串 ②She wore a heavy gold chain around her neck. n.链子 ③(熟词生义)The supermarket chain announced that it was cutting the cost of all its fresh and frozen meat. n.连锁店 3．release [对点微练]—— 赏句猜义 ①Firefighters took two hours to release the driver from the wreckage. vt.释放 ②(熟词生义)He stopped and faced her，releasing her wrist. vt.放开，放手 ③(熟词生义)He punched the pillow in an effort to release his anger. vt.发泄 ④The mayor has released a statement explaining the reasons for his resignation. vt.公布，发布 ⑤(熟词生义)The band's latest album will be released next week. vt.发行 Ⅰ.熟词生义——写出句中加黑词汇的词性及汉语意思 1．(2023·浙江1月卷)With a squeaking call，she dived towards me and hovered before my face，looking at me with her bright eyes. vi.俯冲 2．(2022·浙江1月卷)The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there's a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list. vt.记录 3．(2021·全国乙卷)I'm worried I'll get nervous and freeze on stage.v.(因害怕等)停住不动 Ⅱ.词汇拓展——写出句中加黑词汇的词性及汉语意思 1．(2022·全国甲卷)The disagreement was so sharp that neither he nor I knew how to settle it. n.分歧 掌握规律·词汇拓展 ①agreement n．协定，同意→disagreement n．意见不合，分歧，争论 ②courage n．勇气→discourage vt.使泄气 2．(2021·全国甲卷)I come to you，hat in hand，to apologize for the damage I had indirectly caused and to ask you to reconsider my lifetime ban from the hotel. v.道歉 掌握规律·词汇拓展 ①apology n．道歉，谢罪→apologise/apologize vi.道歉，谢罪 ②memory n．记性，记忆力→memorize/memorise vt.记住 Ⅲ.长难句剖析 The Caribbean Taino，the Australian Aboriginals，the African people of Benin and the Incas，all of whom appear in this book，can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made：a history told through things gives them back a voice. 自主剖析：句中The Caribbean Taino，the Australian Aboriginals，the African people of Benin and the Incas为并列主语；can speak为句子谓语；all of whom appear in this book为定语从句；they made为定语从句，修饰先行词objects; told through things为过去分词短语作定语。 尝试翻译：加勒比泰诺人、澳大利亚原住民、贝宁的非洲人民和印加人，他们都出现在这本书中，现在可以通过他们制作的物品最有力地向我们讲述他们过去的成就：通过事物讲述的历史让他们重新发出声音。 学生用书↓第213页 Ⅳ.写作佳句回眸练 1．(2023·全国乙卷)我对新旧共存感到惊讶，一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的遗产。 I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new，and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage(遗产) while constantly growing. 2．(2022·全国乙卷写作)正如图表所示，学生们在课堂之外采用了不同的方法来学习英语。 As the chart shows，students adopt different ways to learn English beyond the classroom. 3．(2021·全国甲卷写作)我写信的目的是希望您能就对外国朋友非常有吸引力的中国传统文化提出宝贵的建议。 I am writing to ask for your valuable advice on the aspects of Chinese traditional culture，which are extremely appealing to foreign friends． Ⅴ.单元新情境创新应用 用所给单词的正确形式填空或填入一个合适的词(黑体部分是本单元词汇) The students were asked to talk about what left the deepest impression on them. What impressed Ben most was that his family moved 1.frequently (frequent).The reason was that his playing the drums every night 2.disturbed (disturb) his neighbors and caused a chain of trouble.His parents had to apologise 3.to others and ask for 4.forgiveness (forgive).Frictions constantly appeared. Jay was an orphan.He remembered living in a small house with bare walls.It was 5.freezing (freeze) cold in winter.He hated the faucet，which sent him shiver through the bones in winter.His hands were often stiff because of the extreme cold. Jenny remembered her mother 6.bursting (burst)into tears one night.She 7.sighed (sigh)with a tear-stained face，complaining about loans and 8.debts (debt) all the time.Jenny sobbed，pressed her face down into the pillow and clasped the bedclothes，feeling in the depths of despair. Thomas remembered conflicting 9.with his parents about his future career.His parents appealed him to study law，but he was tired of dealing with legal documents.This disagreement existed for a long time.As a 10.consequence (consequent)，Thomas left home with a small parcel and has worked as a sociologist ever since. Ⅰ.应用文写作增分练 第一步　练表达——亮出文采 使用本单元所学知识完成下列句子 1．为了呼吁大家尊重老人，我们上周在重阳节那天去了敬老院。 To appeal to everyone to respect the elderly，we visited the nursing home on the Double Ninth Festival last week. 2．为了能早点到达，我们早上7点乘公共汽车出发，一个小时后到达。 In the hope of arriving earlier，we set out by bus at 7：00 am and arrived an hour later. 3．一到那里，我们就开始帮助老人打扫房间。 On arriving，we began to help the elderly clean their rooms. 4．我们一起度过了一些有趣的时光，唱歌、跳舞和玩游戏，这在我们之间建立了联系。 We spent some fun time together singing，dancing and playing games，which create a bond between us． 5．因此，这段难忘的经历给我们留下了深刻的印象，通过这段经历，我们不仅了解了这个节日，而且意识到需要尊重老人。 As a consequence，the unforgettable experience left 学生用书↓第214页 us a deep impression，through which we not only know more about the festival but also realize the elderly need to be treated with respect. 第二步　学逻辑——完美成篇 运用恰当的过渡衔接词汇连句成篇 To appeal to everyone to respect the elderly，we visited the nursing home on the Double Ninth Festival last week. In the hope of arriving earlier，we set out by bus at 7：00 am and arrived an hour later.On arriving，we began to help the elderly clean their rooms.Then，we spent some fun time together singing，dancing and playing games，which create a bond between us. As a consequence，the unforgettable experience left us a deep impression，through which we not only know more about the festival but also realize the elderly need to be treated with respect. Ⅱ.读后续写提能练(亲情) 1．好词好句输入 单 词 delighted/cheerful/joyful高兴的；surprised/shocked/astonished/amazed惊讶的；moved/touched感动的；excited 兴奋的；amazement/surprise/astonishment/shock惊讶；happiness幸福；delight/joy高兴；broadly (笑容)开怀地 短 语 hug tightly紧紧拥抱；hug sb.gently/tenderly温柔地抱着某人；throw oneself into one's embrace投入某人的怀抱；tears well up眼泪夺眶而出；face broadens into a smile脸上绽放笑容；a wide smile appears on/spreads across one's face面露喜色；feel warm 感到温暖；with one's mouth wide open张大嘴巴；be numb with shock 惊呆了　　　　 句 子 ※I ran over to my father, reached out my hands and hugged/embraced him tightly/firmly. 我跑向父亲，伸出手，紧紧抱住他。 ※Not to mean a greeting，not to shy a hug，get close to our families，cherish this extraordinary and noble affection. 不要吝啬一个问候，不要害羞一个拥抱，亲近我们的家人，珍视这非凡而又高贵的亲情。 ※Having read the letter from Dad，I felt a warm current welling up in my heart and surging through me. 看完爸爸的来信，我感到一股暖流涌上心头，在我身上涌动。 ※When it comes to family，we are all still children at heart.No matter how old we get，we always need a place to call home. 面对家人的时候，在内心深处我们始终觉得自己还是孩子。不管我们年龄多大了，我们还需要一个称之为家的地方。 2.写作战场输出 (1)利用修辞手法和高级句式并借助语言以及情感描写烘托人物关系。 ①当看到美味和完美的早餐在她面前，妈妈又惊讶又兴奋。(惊讶) When their mother saw the delicious and perfect breakfast in front of her，she was very surprised and excited． ②一阵暖流涌上心头。 A warm current welled up in her heart． ③不仅是这份早餐，而且孩子们对她的爱也使她感动落泪。(not only...but...) It was not only the breakfast，but the love of the children for her that moved her very much. ④孩子们大声说：“母亲节快乐！” The children said loudly，“Happy Mother's Day！” ⑤妈妈紧紧地拥抱着他们，说：“非常感谢你们，杰夫和詹娜。我相信这将是我一生中最棒的早餐。” Mother hugged them tightly，saying “Thank you so much，Jeff and Jenna.I believe it will be the best breakfast in my life.” ⑥听到这话，双胞胎骄傲地笑了。 Hearing this，the twins smiled proudly． (2)将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇。 When their mother saw the delicious and perfect breakfast in front of her，she was very surprised and excited.A warm current welled up in her heart.It was not only the breakfast，but the love of the children for her that moved her very much，and then the children said loudly，“Happy Mother's Day！”Mother hugged them tightly，saying “Thank you so much，Jeff and Jenna.I believe it will be the best breakfast in my life.”Hearing this，the twins smiled proudly. 单元测评19　Unit 10　Connections (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) A卷 (时间：60分钟　满分：100分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共40分) A (2023·河南新乡市高三三模) On a typical day，off the coast of a small Brazilian island，Pereira headed out to fish.He was disheartened to find that an oil leak had polluted the waters.Staring out at the waves with their oil sheen(光泽)，he decided it was not a good day to fish.But walking on the beach that day，he found a struggling penguin，covered in oil and starving. Pereira took the penguin home，gently cleaned it and spent the next week nursing it back to health.He named it Dindim，which belongs to a species known for living in the seas of South America.In order to bear babies，they must return to Patagonia，8，000 kilometers from Pereira's home.Pereira patiently took Dindim back to the ocean and taught it how to swim again.Soon enough，it was time for Dindim to return to life in the wild.Pereira watched Dindim swim away，believing it would be the last time he saw it. But the next June，Dindim returned.The two shared a warm-hearted greeting，and Dindim stayed for a month，wandering around the fisherman's house.The time to leave arrived，and Pereira thought this surely would be the last time he would see Dindim.But in the same month of the year after next，the penguin with a long memory returned again. It is a common belief among scientists that animals have short memories.So，a couple of them put a tracking device on Dindim to see if it was indeed the same penguin that returned year after year.To their surprise，but not Pereira's，Dindim returned，year after year，for more than a decade. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是Pereira海钓时解救了一只受困的企鹅，因感恩于Pereira，这只企鹅连续十多年回到Pereira的家乡与他相聚的故事。 1．Why was Pereira upset about his fishing that day？(　　) A．His fish was eaten up by a penguin. B．The waves were too huge to fish. C．His fishing area was polluted by oil. D．It was too cold for him to fish outside. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“He was disheartened to find that an oil leak had polluted the waters.Staring out at the waves with their oil sheen(光泽)，he decided it was not a good day to fish.”可知，Pereira心情沮丧是因为海域表面漂浮着油污，不适合钓鱼。故选C项。 2．What did Pereira do for Dindim？(　　) A．He abandoned it into the oily water. B．He drove it away from the danger. C．He fished it out from the sea. D．He rescued it from danger. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“But walking on the beach that day，he found a struggling penguin，covered in oil and starving.”以及第二段“Pereira took the penguin home，gently cleaned it and spent the next week nursing it back to health.”可知，企鹅Dindim遇到了危险，Pereira解救了它。故选D项。 3．How long apart do Pereira and Dindim get reunited？(　　) A．10 months. B．11 months. C．12 months. D．13 months. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，Pereira和Dindim每年6月份团聚，相处一个月后再分开。由此可以推断，每隔11个月他们相聚一次。故选B项。 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph？(　　) A．Scientists generally think much of animals' memories. B．Pereira is quite sure about his friendship with Dindim. C．It's not the same penguin that returns to Pereira's home. D．The tracking device was used to find where Dindim went. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，科学家们对Dindim的行为感到非常吃惊，但是Pereira并不吃惊可知，Pereira非常相信他们之间的友谊。故选B项。 B Every day，there are 25，000 flights in America.Accidents are so rare that flying is much safer than car travel.But that doesn't stop many people from panic when they are moving at 500 miles per hour，33，000 feet above the ground.Not being at the controls makes us feel a bit helpless.When the negative thoughts begin to swirl (打旋)，even in a very safe place，we will suddenly feel panic. That's what happened recently to a woman flying on a commercial airline.Many of us can go along doing ordinary things and suddenly be overcome with fear.The physical symptoms are real，and it requires a calming force to steady our emotions.In panic mode，every sound and movement feels like a threat.The passengers responded accordingly，jumping at every sound and the slightest turbulence (骚乱). Floyd Dean-Shannon noticed a woman's distress．As a flight attendant，he has plenty to do during a flight.But he stopped and spoke comfortingly to the woman.Floyd calmly explained what the noise was and that it was normal.As the woman began to calm down a bit，Floyd sat down in the aisle beside her and held her hand.He told her she was safe.He made her feel safe.He sat with her through the entire flight.At one point，Floyd learned it was another passenger's birthday，so he led the plane in a song to celebrate—another way of making the woman feel safe by distracting her from her fears.He stayed by the woman's side until it was time to land. We all have friends who become distressed，who over worry，who may struggle with some difficulties that keep them from enjoying life.Like Floyd，we can be open enough to see，and to be there.We don't have to be professional counselors; we just need to be friends. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了尽管乘飞机出行不是那么危险的事情，但是人们还是会不可避免地感到恐慌，这个时候我们需要友善、耐心地伸出友谊之手来帮助他们。 5．Why do some people feel fearful when on a flight？(　　) A．They have a negative memory. B．There are 25，000 flights at the same time. C.There are more plane accidents than car accidents. D．The speed and height make them feel helpless. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But that doesn't stop many people from panic when they are moving at 500 miles per hour，33，000 feet above the ground.”可知，有些人在飞机上感到害怕是因为速度和高度让他们感到无助。故选D项。 6．What does the underlined word “distress” in Paragraph 3 mean？(　　) A．Anger. B．Worry. C．Surprise. D．Sorrow. 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“Floyd calmly explained what the noise was and that it was normal.”可知，该妇女是因为听到飞机上的噪音而产生担忧，所以画线词distress是“担忧”的意思。故选B项。 7．Which of the following words can best describe Floyd？(　　) A．Brave and sympathetic. B．Ambitious and determined. C．Patient and considerate. D．Sensitive and modest. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段“As the woman began to calm down a bit，Floyd sat down in the aisle beside her and held her hand.He told her she was safe.He made her feel safe.He sat with her through the entire flight.”可知，弗洛伊德是一个有耐心和体贴的人。故选C项。 8．What is the most suitable title for the text？(　　) A．Overcoming fear sometimes requires a patient friend B．Why do we suddenly feel scared when flying C．How should we deal with the sudden fear D．Airline travel is much safer than car travel in America 答案：A 解析：标题归纳题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了尽管乘飞机出行不是那么危险的事情，但是人们还是会不可避免地感到恐慌，这个时候我们需要友、善耐心地伸出友谊之手来帮助他们。故选A项。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题6分，共30分) (2023·河南省豫北名校三模) Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health.Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships. ·Set a regular date Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another.With busy schedules，squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 1( )． ·More isn't always merrier Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. 2( )．There are alternatives to constant written communication，such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. ·Practise empathy (共情) 3( )．The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved.The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned. · 4( ) Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible，extra effort goes a long way on special days.Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends' birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. ·Don't rely on technology alone 5( )，but long-distance friendships—even close ones—may require more conscious effort to sustain.Try to seek out chances to renew friendships.How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible. A．Remember important dates B．Compensate by writing letters C．It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media G．You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。 1．答案：D 解析：根据上文“With busy schedules，squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.”讲的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并坚持下去”给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D项。 2．答案：E 解析：根据上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.”提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，E项承接上文，进一步提出对交流的方法的沟通，下文“There are alternatives to constant written communication，such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.”对E项中的“methods of communication”进行了举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 3．答案：G 解析：根据下文“The friend who is remaining”和“The one in the new environment”提到朋友的两个不同处境，G项指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend who left”和“the one who was left behind”分别对应下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend who is remaining”。故选G项。 4．答案：A 解析：分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下文“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.”讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非常重要的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A项“Remember important dates”。故选A项。 5．答案：F 解析：设空处所在句子“but long-distance friendships—even close ones—may require more conscious effort to sustain”讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项讲的是通过社交媒体这种方式可以很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的小标题“Don't rely on technology alone”中的“technology”。故选F项。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题3分，共30分) (2023·山东日照市高三三模) During the May Day holiday，numerous messages of people looking for dazi，or activity partners for traveling，1 (post) on the social media platform Xiaohongshu.Earlier this year，several dazi-related topics were among the most searched for hashtags on Sina Weibo，2 (stimulate) heated discussions among young people.In some ways，activities using dazi have become 3 new form of social communication. 4 friendships，the concept of dazi is more customizable (定制的).It is 5 (definite) centered on companionship fields.The idea is simple—random individuals come together 6 (join) in an activity they all enjoy.With one or several dazi，people can experience deeper fun in the activities they are interested in. In addition to the 7 (share) interests，another major advantage of dazi compared to normal relationships 8 (be) its simplicity，some dazi are only temporary，but even longer-lasting ones are cast in the same mould (模式)，where the topics discussed tend to be focused and relaxed. “9 my meal dazi doesn't go to school someday，I'll not be so sad for the rest of the day.” said Shi Zhimin，a 17-year-old student from Shanxi Province.“Traditional friendships require a lot of time and emotion to maintain，10 having a dazi means not needing to carry those burdens，” she added. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。在五一假期期间，社交媒体平台小红书上发布了大量寻找“搭子”，也就是旅行伙伴的信息。在某些方面，使用“搭子”的活动已经成为一种新的社交形式。 1．答案：were posted 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据“During the May Day holiday”可知，此处描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。动词post意为“发布”，和主语messages之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语为复数形式，be动词使用were。故填were posted。 2．答案：stimulating 解析：考查非谓语动词。动词stimulate意为“促进，激发(某事物)”，和系动词之间没有连词，和句子构成主动关系，且表示意料之中的结果，应用动词-ing形式，作状语。故填stimulating。 3．答案：a 解析：考查冠词。form意为“形式”，为可数名词，此处为第一次出现，应用不定冠词。new的发音为辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 4．答案：Unlike 解析：考查介词。根据“the concept of dazi is more customizable”可知，此处是指搭子不像友谊，应用介词unlike表示“不像”。句首首字母应大写。故填Unlike。 5．答案：definitely 解析：考查词性转换。此处修饰动词，应用副词definitely“绝对地”，作状语。故填definitely。 6．答案：to join 解析：考查非谓语动词。根据“random individuals come together”和“in an activity they all enjoy”可知，此处是指随机的人聚在一起是为了参加一项他们都喜欢的活动，应用动词不定式，作目的状语。故填to join。 7．答案：shared 解析：考查非谓语动词。动词share意为“共同拥有(看法、特质或经历)”，和系动词之间没有连词，和逻辑主语interests构成被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故填shared。 8．答案：is 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语advantage为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。 9．答案：If/When 解析：考查连词。根据“my meal dazi doesn't go to school someday”和“I'll not be so sad for the rest of the day”可知，此处是指如果/当有一天饭搭子没来上学，所以应用连词if表示“如果”引导条件状语从句或when表示“当……时”引导时间状语从句。句首首字母应大写。故填If或When。 10．答案：while/but/yet 解析：考查连词。根据“Traditional friendships require a lot of time and emotion to maintain”和“having a dazi means not needing to carry those burdens”可知，前后构成转折关系，所以应用连词while/but/yet表示“然而”。故填while/but/yet。 B卷 (时间：60分钟　满分：100分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共40分) A (2023·浙江温州市高三二模) In 1986，I watched my first soccer match on my parents' big box television.I was six，and ever since then，I have dreamed of attending the World Cup. This year，I traveled to Brazil to make my dream a reality.The first match I attended was between Australia and Spain.Within minutes of walking into the stadium，I found myself surrounded by the excited fans，talking and cheering together.Unlike what one normally sees on the news，this match was mainly peaceful except for one fight.When the fight started，the whole section began chanting(呼喊)with one voice，asking those fighting to stop.When they didn't，the rabble-rousers were sent out by security guards minutes later. What struck me about the games I attended was the sense of camaraderie.I met soccer fans from different countries.Sometimes we were cheering for the same team and sometimes for opposite teams，but that didn't stop us from becoming friends.The stands were not divided between teams，and the interaction was often spirit-lifting. I also watched the game in Sao Paulo that ousted(淘汰)Brazil from the World Cup.I was with friends at a large bar which hosted a mix of Brazilian and German supporters.As Germany scored one goal after another，the sadness and even tears were visible on the faces of Brazilians.But German fans came to the Brazilians to comfort them and apologize that the game was ending with such a big gap.Everyone was hoping for a good match. What I love about the World Cup is that it provides a chance for people to learn about other countries and cultures.People learn about the countries of the teams they support and about their opponents' history and culture.Soccer is a game that not only gives people the chance to learn about each other but also has the potential to unite people. Sports can be a dividing force，but the true spirit of sports is about unity and fun.The matches at this World Cup have been exactly that so far，and I hope it remains so. 语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要叙述了作者参加世界杯的经历，通过这些经历来说明体育运动可以团结人们，避免文化差异产生的隔阂，达到文化交流的效果。 1．What does the underlined word “rabble-rousers” in Paragraph 2 refer to？(　　) A．The injured players. B．The fighting fans. C．The excited viewers. D．The security guards. 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“Unlike what one normally sees on the news...asking those fighting to stop.”及画线所在句子“When they didn't，the rabble-rousers were sent out by security guards minutes later.”可知，观众呼喊打架停止，打架者没有听，被保安带了出去，因此推测rabble-rousers的意思为“打架的粉丝”，故选B。 2．What impressed the author most about the games that he attended？(　　) A．The chanting fans. B．The peaceful atmosphere. C．The warm friendship. D．The players' performance. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，让作者印象深刻的是热情的友谊。故选C。 3．Why did the author mention his bar experience？(　　) A．To present a fact. B．To illustrate a point. C．To solve a problem. D．To make a comparison. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容及第五段“What I love about the World Cup is that it provides a chance for people to learn about other countries and cultures.”可知，作者提到自己酒吧的经历是为了说明一点，即运动可以团结不同国家和文化背景的人们。故选B。 4．What is mainly conveyed in the passage？(　　) A．Fans' support counts in sports. B．The World Cup is worth attending. C．Sports bring the world together. D．Sports are about cultural exchange. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。文章主要介绍了作者在巴西参加世界杯的经历，以及体育运动有可能让来自不同国家和文化背景的人团结在一起。故选C。 B (2023·河北邯郸市高三一模) There have been a few times in my life when I felt very lonely.I particularly remember my loneliness when I moved to New York City.I had a couple of friends in the city，still，it was a time in my life when I needed to put forth some effort to form more meaningful relationships.But the more I went out to parties，the more disconnected and lonely I felt.Feeling lonely in a room full of people，or in my case，a whole city packed with people everywhere，was the loneliest I have ever felt. So，rather than trying a new way to make friends，I was more likely to ignore phone calls from friends，and I looked at social invitations and opportunities to meet new people as drudgery.Looking back on this period of loneliness，I wonder at the way I isolated myself instead of reaching out to those who were willing to keep me company and offer friendship. What I have learned from my own experience and the experience of many of my friends is that more often than not，those who feel lonely choose isolation.Indeed many of my own friends describe avoiding social life as a way of dealing with feelings of loneliness. This behavior is somewhat common，and new research takes a big step towards explaining this behavior.According to leading experts on the loneliness，Stephanie and John Cacioppo，there is an evolutionary explanation for this tendency to isolate when we are feeling lonely.By monitoring lonely people's brainwaves，they found that lonely people tend to respond negatively to social life.“Loneliness causes some brain-related changes that put us into a socially nervous mode，” Dr.Christian Jarrett explains. Making ourselves aware of this evolutionary natural tendency could actually be the first step in fighting loneliness.Once we know that we are more sensitive to negativity during lonely spells，we can focus our energy on resisting the desire to put up walls. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们尽管在感到孤独的时候对社交活动会产生抵触，但应该尽量避免这样做。 5．What happened to the author after she moved to New York City？(　　) A．She had no friends there. B．She lacked confidence there. C．She needed opportunities for parties. D．She felt lonely even with people present. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者发现自己跟很多人在一起时仍然感到孤独。故选D。 6．How did the author try to deal with her situation？(　　) A．By refusing to go out to meet others. B．By looking for solutions on the Internet. C．By trying various methods to make friends. D．By doing some drudgery to forget her problem. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，作者选择不外出和别人进行社交活动。故选A。 7．What did Stephanie and John Cacioppo find in their research？(　　) A．Lonely people tend to disgust social life. B．People respond negatively to lonely people. C．Loneliness can do great harm to people's health. D．Loneliness can be caused by a socially nervous mode. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“By monitoring lonely people's brainwaves...Dr.Christian Jarrett explains.”可知，他们发现感到孤独的人倾向于厌恶社交活动。故选A。 8．What does the author most probably want to show in the text？(　　) A．We shouldn't be influenced by negativity. B．We shouldn't choose isolation when we feel lonely. C．We should make friends based on scientific findings. D．We should spend more time with friends than relatives. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，当我们感到孤独时，我们也不应该拒绝社交活动。故选B。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题2分，共30分) (2023·湖北省十一校高三第二次联考) I first met Paul Newman in 1968，when George Roy Hill，the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid introduced us in New York City.When the studio didn't want me for the film—it wanted somebody as 1 as Paul—he 2 me.I don't know how many people would have done that; they would have 3 their agents or the studio powers. The friendship that 4 the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its 5 in the fact that although there was an age difference，we both came from a tradition of 6 and live TV.We 7 craft (技艺) and focused on 8 the characters we were going to play.Both of us had the 9 and virtues that are 10 of American actors: humorous，aggressive，and making fun of each other—but always with an underlying 11 ．Those were also at the core (核心) of our relationship off the screen.We shared the 12 that if you're fortunate enough to have success，you should 13 something back—he with his Newman's Own food for kids in need，and me with Sundance.Paul and I didn't see each other all that regularly，but sharing that brought us together.We supported each other financially and by showing up at 14 ． I last saw him a few months ago.He'd been in and out of the hospital.He and I both knew what the deal was，and we didn't talk about it.Ours was a relationship that didn't need a lot of 15 ． 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与Paul Newman之间的友情，当导演不想让作者参加拍电影时，Paul Newman 站起来为作者说话，因此建立了友谊。在此以后的很多年，两人一直相互扶持，相互鼓励，因此两人友谊维持了很多年。 1．(　　)A．handsome　　　　 B．famous C．tall D．smart 答案：B 解析：根据上文“I first met Paul Newman in 1968，when George Roy Hill，the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid introduced us in New York City.”可推知，Paul当时是比较有名气的。故选B。 2．(　　)A．supported B．sponsored C．envied D．declined 答案：A 解析：根据下文“I don't know how many people would have done that”并结合上文工作室不让作者出演可推知，Paul支持作者。故选A。 3．(　　)A．attended to B．turned to C．listened to D．appealed to 答案：C 解析：根据“I don't know how many people would have done that”可知，Paul做了和其他人不一样的事，由此可推知，很多人都会听从经纪人或工作室有权利的人。故选C。 4．(　　)A．was ruined by B．was restored by C．was valued for D．was developed from 答案：D 解析：根据“The friendship”和“the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later”可知，此处是指作者和Paul的友谊是从拍摄Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid和The Sting这两部电影的经历发展而来的。故选D。 5．(　　)A．resource B．meaning C．root D．motivation 答案：C 解析：根据“although there was an age difference，we both came from a tradition of and live TV”可知，这是作者和Paul友谊的根源。故选C。 6．(　　)A．theater B．dance C．music D．sports 答案：A 解析：呼应下文“live TV”此处指戏剧。故选A。 7．(　　)A．admitted B．learned C．respected D．grasped 答案：C 解析：根据上文“we both came from a tradition of and live TV”可知，作者和Paul都尊重技艺。故选C。 8．(　　)A．arguing about B．approving of C．running into D．digging into 答案：D 解析：根据“characters we were going to play”并结合作者和Paul的为人可知，他们都会钻研自己即将表演的角色。故选D。 9．(　　)A．responsibilities B．qualities C．reliabilities D．capacities 答案：B 解析：根据“humorous，aggressive，and making fun of each other”可知，此处是指他们作为演员的品质。故选B。 10．(　　)A．unique B．ordinary C．fundamental D．typical 答案：D 解析：结合常识可知，幽默、好斗、互相取笑，但总是带着潜在的感情是美国演员典型的品格。故选D。 11．(　　)A．sympathy B．inspiration C．affection D．willingness 答案：C 解析：根据“humorous，aggressive，and making fun of each other”和表示转折意义的but可知，除了幽默、好斗、互相取笑，他们总是带着潜在的情感，即他们之间深厚的友谊。故选C。 12．(　　)A．goal B．belief C．standard D．experience 答案：B 解析：根据下文“he with his Newman's Own food for kids in need，and me with Sundance”可知，取得成功后回馈社会是他们共同的信念，即他们都相信。故选B。 13．(　　)A．put B．take C．give D．bring 答案：A 解析：根据“he with his Newman's Own food for kids in need，and me with Sundance”可知，此处指回馈社会，put something back符合语境。故选A。 14．(　　)A．screens B．events C．parties D．concerts 答案：B 解析：根据“showing up”可知，此处是指出现在以对方为主的活动中，以表示支持。故选B。 15．(　　)A．actions B．promises C．messages D．words 答案：D 解析：根据上文“He and I both knew what the deal was，and we didn't talk about it.”可知，作者和Paul的情谊深厚，他们的友谊不需要过多的语言。故选D。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题3分，共30分) (2023·山东日照市高三二模) Samantha Cristoforetti，the first Italian female astronaut in space，1 (post) a group of photos and several Chinese sentences on her Twitter account during her mission at the International Space Station. Attached to the photos 2 (be) several lines from Preface to Poems Composed at the Orchid Pavilion，an ancient Chinese calligraphy masterpiece 3 famous Chinese calligrapher Wang Xizhi from the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Cristoforetti even gave 4 accurate translation of the lines，saying，“Looking up，I see the vastness of the universe.5 (bow) my head，I look at the multitude of the world.The gaze flies，the heart expands，the joy of the senses can reach its peak，6 this is true happiness indeed.” “Her quotation (引语) of the lines shows that she 7 (careful) observed the universe with the vision of Chinese civilization while observing China from space.Such a quotation is very special，8 shows her ambition and a sense of pride，” said Professor Wang Hui from Tsinghua University. Her quotation also sparked a heated 9 (discuss) among foreign Internet users on social media.Some netizens said that with her Chinese language capacity，Cristoforetti also has the ability 10 (work) at the Chinese space station，while others hope that there will be less conflict and more cooperation in the world. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了意大利航天员克里斯托福雷蒂在太空写下中国古文《兰亭集序》中的句子，一条“太空推特”引发网友热议，共同探索和和平利用外空会促进全人类的共同福祉，各国理应携手合作，让地球和世界变得更加美好。 1．答案：posted 解析：考查动词的时态。空处为句子谓语动词，陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填posted。 2．答案：were 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处为句子谓语动词，陈述过去的事情用一般过去时；该句为表语前置的倒装，主语是lines，故谓语动词应用复数形式，故填were。 3．答案：by 解析：考查介词。表示“由……所写”应用介词by。故填by。 4．答案：an 解析：考查冠词。translation“翻译”是可数名词单数形式，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词，且accurate的发音是以元音音素开头，故填an。 5．答案：Bowing 解析：考查非谓语动词。逗号前部分是状语，空处应填非谓语动词，逻辑主语I和bow之间为主动关系，应用动词-ing形式。故填Bowing。 6．答案：and/so 解析：考查连词。结合句意可知，上下文是并列或因果关系，用并列连词and/so。故填and/so。 7．答案：carefully 解析：考查词性转换。修饰动词observed应用所给词的副词形式。故填carefully。 8．答案：which 解析：考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是quotation，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 9．答案：discussion 解析：考查词性转换。空处应填名词discussion“讨论”作宾语，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填discussion。 10．答案：to work 解析：考查非谓语动词。该句中已有谓语动词has，故空处填非谓语动词，ability后常用不定式作后置定语。故填to work。 学生用书↓第215页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$