专题1 第4讲 读后续写之动作描写提升3策略（教师用书word）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（译林版2020）

第四讲　读后续写之动作描写提升3策略 一篇动人心弦的读后续写离不开生动、形象的描写。在读后续写中，要进行恰当的细节描写，选取典型或关键情节、人物与场面辅以对比等修辞技巧进行细节刻画，用具体的细节描写再现自然景色、事物情状、人物形貌以及内心世界。如： She followed her parents.(她跟在父母后面。) →She dragged her feet as she reluctantly followed her parents.(她不情愿地跟在父母后面，拖着脚步。)第二句中把动作过程化，并选用了精准动词和副词进行修饰，使动作描写更生动、形象，展现出动态画面。 策略1　动作过程化——动作链与动作面 分解动作，构建“动作链”(侧重动作之间的时间先后，让画面“动”起来) 句式1：A, B and C(表示A、B、C接连顺序发生) [典例]　He hailed a car, got into it and told the driver his destination. 他拦了一辆车，上了车，告诉了司机他的目的地。 [仿写]　 1．Mac跳下自行车，冲进他的汽车，并关上车门。 Mac jumped off the bicycle, dashed in his car and closed the door. 2．她冲上前，跪了下去，把儿子抱在怀里。 She dashed forward, knelt down and gathered her son into her arms. 句式2：Having done..., 主句(Having done所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前) [典例]　Having queued for 3 hours, he was told that the tickets had been sold out. 排了三个小时队后，他被告知票卖完了。 [仿写]　 3．得知我英语很好之后，他给了我一份打字的工作，答应教我计算机。 Having known that my English was very good, he gave me a typing job, promising to teach me computer. 4．似乎等了很久之后，我独自在雪地里跋涉到学校。 Having waited for what seemed to be ages, I trudged to school through the snow by myself. 构建“动作面”(侧重从不同角度描绘同一个画面，让画面“满”起来) 句式1：Doing..., 主句， (doing...) [典例]　Gathering around the campfire, they feasted on barbecue, enjoying the unforgettable moment. 围坐在营火旁，他们大快朵颐地吃着烤肉，享受着这一令人难忘的时刻。 [仿写]　 1．听到我的鼓励，他踉踉跄跄地站了起来，朝田野走去。 Hearing my encouragement, he staggered to his feet, walking towards the field. 2．男孩把书放在原处，尽可能轻地踮着脚尖走出了房间。 Putting the book where it belonged, the boy tiptoed out of the room as lightly as possible. 句式2：Done..., 主句， (doing...) [典例]　Terrified by the scene in front of him, he was rooted to the spot, being at a loss what to say. 被眼前的一幕吓坏了，他一动不动，不知道该说点什么好。 [仿写]　 3．孩子们被故事打动了，哭了起来。 Deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry. 4．受到老师的责备和大家的嘲笑，他感到相当不安和沮丧。 Blamed by his teacher and laughed at by everyone, he felt rather upset and depressed. 句式3：With...doing/done, 主句，(doing...) [典例]　With his head drooping, he leaned on the tree, reflecting on what had happened. 他头耷拉着，背靠在树上，反思之前发生的一切。 [仿写]　 5．Lily耷拉着脑袋，坐在河岸边，若有所思。 With her head drooping, Lily sat beside the riverbank, thinking about something. 6．天真的女孩心跳加速，毫不犹豫地打开了精致的礼盒。 With her heart beating wildly, the innocent girl unwrapped her delicate gift box without any hesitation. 【即时演练】　用以上技巧，完善下面的语篇 (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)当我差点忘记比赛时，消息传来了。那是一个普通的星期六的早晨。我疲惫地起了床，查了一下邮箱，不抱任何期望。突然，我发现了一封来自比赛人员的未读电子邮件，主题是邀请我参加颁奖典礼，这极大地吸引了我的注意。回想起这些天我为比赛所做的事情，我意识到我的努力得到了回报。我毫不犹豫地立刻把这个好消息分享给了我的老师、朋友和家人。在接下来的星期一，在颁奖典礼上，我所有的同学都为我庆祝。在欢呼声中，我在记者的镜头前和众多家长和学生的目光下接受了金牌。 When I almost forgot the contest, the news came.It was an ordinary Saturday morning.1.Having got up with tiredness, I checked my mailbox, without any expectations to it (having done作状语).Suddenly, I discovered an unread email from the contest official, 2.with the subject inviting me to attend the award presentation (with复合结构), which greatly attracted my attention.3.Recalling what I have done these days for the contest (doing作状语), I realized that my hard work paid off.Without any hesitation, I shared the great news with my teacher, friends and family in no time.On the following Monday, in the award presentation, all my classmates presented themselves, 4.celebrating for me (doing作状语).5.Overwhelmed with cheers (done作状语), I accepted the gold medal in front of cameras of reporters and thousands of eyes of parents and students. 　　　策略2　动词精准化——选用具体动词，刻画细致动作 不用抽象或虚化的动词来描述，而是使用含义比较精确的描写。试比较下面两句： 下面以“说”为例，学习如何选用精准化动词 一般说 say说； speak说；tell告诉；add补充说；insist坚持说；chat 聊天 哭着说 cry哭叫；大声说；sob呜咽着说； weep out哭着说出 笑着说 smile 微笑着说； laugh 大笑着说；say with a smile 笑着说； chuckle 轻笑着说 音调说 call 喊，叫；yell喊叫(因激动、恐惧); shout 高喊；大声喊叫；exclaim 呼喊；大声叫嚷；scream 惊呼，高声叫道；尖叫；roar 吼叫； let out a loud voice 大叫/大声呼喊； whisper 小声/低语 褒贬说 praise 称赞； complain 抱怨；sigh叹息；mutter低声抱怨；murmur嘟囔，低声抱怨 问答说 ask问；explain解释说； reply/respond 答复，回答； answer 回答；demand 质问； inquire 询问； tell告诉 反对说 disagree不同意；deny否认；scold责备；contradict/retort反驳说；argue争论；protest抗议 声明说 state声明；declare宣布；announce宣布；claim声明；point out指出 评论说 comment/observe/remark 评论；hint 暗示；add 补充说 观点说 admit 承认；agree 同意； advise 劝告，建议；suggest 建议；argue 主张 acknowledge承认 其他说 repeat 重复道；warn 警告；beg 恳求；promise 承诺道；emphasize/stress强调； swear发誓 ①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)“Definitely！”I cupped my hands around my mouth and exclaimed, “Come on! You will be the best！”“绝对可以的！”我双手成杯状放到嘴边，喊道：“加油！你会是最棒的！” ②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Observing his frustrated face, I sighed and patted his head, whispering, “Want to have a try, will you？”我看到他沮丧的脸，叹了口气，拍了拍他的头，低声说：“你想试试，是吗？” 【即时演练】　用具体表示“说”的动词完成句子 1．“杰夫·格林，露丝·布莱克……”她喃喃地说，眼睛向上移动。 “Jeff Green, Rose Black...” she murmured as her eyes moved upward. 2．“这是一个没人见过的孩子！”那人大声喊道。 “It is the child no one ever saw！” exclaimed the man. 3．“卡拉，起床，” 他在我耳边轻语道。 “Cara, get up，” he whispered in my ear． 4．我爸爸喊道：“你的头发是卷曲的，一直都是这样。” My dad yelled, “Your hair is curly and it's staying that way.” 5．他坐在那儿摇着头，小声地自言自语。 He sat there shaking his head, muttering to himself. 6．克劳福德太太叹了口气说：“我相信她几乎从来没看过我。” “I believe she scarcely ever looked at me，” sighed Mrs.Crawford. 7．“为什么大家都这么忙？”她咆哮着，眼泪流了下来。 “Why is everybody so busy？” she roared, tears streaming down. 8．然后她打开报纸，看了看并宣布：“海伦赢得了这棵树！” Then she unfolded the paper，looked at it and announced, “Helen has won the tree！” 策略3　形象化——运用修饰成分，增强生动描写 除了精准选用表示动作的词语，而且要给动词加上适当的修饰成分，使动作更加形象生动。适当的修饰语能细致地表达出动作的时间、幅度、速度、力度等，使人物形象更具活力，能更好地表现人物的鲜明个性与思想境界。动作描写中最常见的修饰成分就是状语，如副词、介词短语等。其次是定语，如形容词等。比较下面两句： 第二句中加上了gently和with care，把“我”对“他”的关心生动地表现出来。 一、运用富有表现力的副词 常用的高频副词： cheerfully, curiously, eagerly, excitedly, fiercely, firmly, joyfully, immediately, impatiently, restlessly, swiftly, suddenly等。 ①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)“Congratulations! Your efforts paid off！” He said smilingly. “恭喜你！你的努力得到了回报！”他微笑着说。 ②(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)The next day, I put on my best suit and proudly headed to the award presentation ceremony. 第二天，我穿上了我最好的西装，自豪地前往颁奖典礼。 二、运用富有表现力的介词短语 1．with＋情感名词：with delight/excitement/pleasure/happiness/joy/satisfaction/anger/rage/ patience/fear/terror/embarrassment/pride/caution/care/patience等 (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Then, with my heart fluttering with excitement, I attended the award presentation. 然后，我参加了颁奖典礼，内心难掩激动。 2．with＋身体部位：with its hungry red eyes/its sharp teeth/her shaky hand/her pale lips等 The ferocious wolf stared at Mac with its hungry red eyes. 凶猛的狼用它那只饥饿的红眼睛盯着麦克。 3．in＋情感名词：in surprise/amazement/shock/sorrow等 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)When their mother saw the delicious and perfect breakfast in front of her, she widened her eyes in surprise. 当他们的妈妈看到美味完美的早餐在她面前时，她惊讶地睁大了眼睛。 4．in＋...voice：in a high/low/sweet/loud/soft/weak voice等 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Hugging them in her arms, she said in a soft voice, “Thank you, children.It's such an unforgettable Mother's Day for me.” 她把他们拉进怀里，温柔地说道，“谢谢孩子们，这个母亲节很难忘。” 三、运用富有表现力的“动词(短语)＋形容词＋名词” 恰当地运用富有表现力的形容词，能有效提升句子的表现力，增强表现效果。 (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)In the meantime, the audience burst into thunderous applause and continuous yells of cheer. 与此同时，观众们爆发出雷鸣般的掌声和连续不断的欢呼。 【即时演练】　用以上技巧完成句子 1．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)我紧紧地拥抱着他，感激地说：“没有你的鼓励，我永远不会报名参加写作比赛。” I hugged him tightly, saying thankfully，“Never will I sign up for the writing competition without your encouragement.” 2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)发令员的枪响了，大卫和其他孩子一起蹒跚向前，笨拙地跑着。 The starter's gun sounded, and David lurched forward with the other children, running awkwardly on his toes. 3．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)当走近终点线时，他突然露出灿烂的笑容，兴奋地向我挥手，喊道：“我做到了！我做到了！” When approaching the finishing line，he burst into a big toothy smile and waved to me with excitement，crying “I made it! I made it！” 4．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)注意到这一幕，我拍了拍他的肩膀，耐心地安慰他。 Noticing this scene, I patted him on the shoulder and comforted him with patience. 5．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)我满意地点了点头，又朝他竖起了大拇指。 I nodded with satisfaction and gave him a thumbs­up. 6．看到这里，那家伙赶紧放开金姆，撒腿就跑。 Seeing this, the guy hurriedly let go of Kim and broke into a run. 7．她默默地站了一会儿，盯着她的同学。 For a few seconds, she stood silently/in silence, staring at her classmates. 8．她如梦似幻地环顾四周，眼睛里闪烁着疯狂的兴奋。 She looked around dreamily, her eyes twinkling with wild excitement. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$