专题1 第2讲 读后续写词汇升级3策略（教师用书word）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（译林版2020）

第二讲　读后续写词汇升级3策略 由读后续写评分原则可知，读后续写对词汇运用的丰富性、准确性都做出了明确的要求。因此，考试中除了要准确使用词汇外，也要注意所用词汇的丰富性，减少基础词汇的使用，培养使用复杂词汇的习惯，从而使文章内容更加生动、丰富，提升作文档次。 策略1　笼统词变精确词 读后续写要求做到描写生动、优美，则必须优选词汇。按照词性进行划分，常用的笼统词变精确词示例如下： 1．动词 读后续写必须有大量的动作描写，不同的语境要选择不同的精确性动词，这一部分是写好读后续写的重点，也是难点，在后面的学案中要着重训练此项内容。 笼统词 精确词 walk wander(闲逛)，stroll(溜达)，stagger(蹒跚)，trudge(跋涉)，tiptoe(踮着脚走；蹑手蹑脚地走)，creep(缓慢行进；潜行) run dash/rush/charge(猛冲)，dart(飞奔)，gallop(疾驰)，scamper(欢快地奔走)，sprint(冲刺)，race (快速移动) cry wail(哭号，恸哭)，sob/weep(啜泣；呜咽)，whimper (抽泣；呜咽) 2.形容词 笼统词 精确词 good wonderful (精彩的；绝妙的) outstanding (优秀的；杰出的) perfect (完美的) remarkable (非凡的) distinguished (卓越的) exceptional (杰出的，优秀的) fantastic (极好的；了不起的) brilliant (优秀的，杰出的) fabulous (极好的；绝妙的) superb (极佳的；卓越的) beautiful attractive (吸引人的) appealing (有吸引力的；令人感兴趣的) fascinating (极有吸引力的；迷人的) eye­catching (惹人注意的；引人注目的) gorgeous (美丽动人的) enchanting (迷人的；令人陶醉的) charming (令人着迷的；吸引人的) important significant (有重大意义的) essential (必不可少的；极其重要的) crucial (至关重要的；关键性的) critical (极重要的；至关重要的) decisive (决定性的；关键的) ominant (首要的) big enormous (巨大的；庞大的) tremendous (巨大的；极大的) gigantic (巨大的；庞大的) vast (巨大的；庞大的) boundless (无限的；无止境的) easy simple (易于理解的；简单的) effortless (不需费力的；容易的) painless (轻松的；不难的) uncomplicated (简单的；容易的) undemanding (不费力的；不费神的；轻松容易的) 3.副词 笼统词 精确词 very terribly (非常；很) extremely (极其；极端；非常) pretty (颇；相当) greatly (非常；很；大大地) highly (很；非常) perfectly (完全地；非常；十分) totally (完全；全部地) only just (正好；恰好) merely (仅仅；只不过) barely (仅仅；刚刚；勉强可能) solely (仅；只；唯) 4.名词 笼统词 精确词 thing/ problem issue (重要议题；争论的问题) question (问题；疑问) case (具体情况；事例；实例) trouble (问题；忧虑；困难) difficulty (困难；难题) dilemma [(进退两难的)窘境；困境] advantage superiority [优越(性)；优势] merit (优点；美德；价值) upside [(糟糕局面的)好的一面，光明的一面] benefit (优势；益处；成效) convenience (方便；适宜；便利) disadvantage shortcoming (缺点；短处) weakness (弱点；缺点) drawback (缺点；不利条件) deficiency (缺乏；不足) flaw (错误；缺点) downside (缺点；不利方面) limitation (限制；控制) 总之，精确词汇的使用必须以恰到好处为前提，不能生搬硬套，务必要做到符合语境的原则。 【即时演练】　根据语境，用精确词汇替换加黑笼统词汇 1．Without even thinking, and without seeing if there were any cars coming, I ran out between two parked cars and ran towards the other side of the road. →Without even thinking, and without seeing if there were any cars coming, I dashed out between two parked cars and raced towards the other side of the road. 2．Having walked aimlessly in the street for hours, she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat. →Having wandered aimlessly in the street for hours, she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat. 3．“Oh yes, Daddy, you know I love you，” the little girl said softly, trying to escape from her father's eyes. →“Oh yes, Daddy, you know I love you，” the little girl murmured softly, trying to escape from her father's eyes. 4．Mike was worthy of this award because his good teaching ability improved our confidence in expressing ourselves. →Mike was worthy of this award because his exceptional teaching ability boosted our confidence in expressing ourselves. 5．Over the next two weeks, we competed with each other to practice these seemingly easy tasks single­handed, from buttoning up the coats to taking notes. →Over the next two weeks, we competed with each other to practice these seemingly effortless tasks single­handed, from buttoning up the coats to taking notes. 6．“You've got to check the mailbox every day，” said Molly quietly to Dad.He nodded, with a big smile. →“You've got to check the mailbox every day，” said Molly quietly to Dad.He nodded, with a broad smile. 7．At first, she could walk for only 15 minutes at a time.But she pushed herself every day, walking 5 minutes longer than she did the day before. →At first, she could walk for merely 15 minutes at a time.But she pushed herself every day, walking 5 minutes longer than she did the day before. 8．No one seemed to know how to resolve the problem of what would happen to him when his mom died. →No one seemed to know how to resolve the issue of what would happen to him when his mom died. 策略2　单词变短语 在英语写作中，用相同或相近的短语替换单词，可以达到优化表达的效果。较为常见的是将动词替换成动词短语，也有一些将副词替换成副词短语、介词替换成介词短语的情况，同时将形容词替换成“of＋名词”的情况也比较常见。 现将一些高频的单词替换成短语的情况归纳如下： 1．动词 单词 短语 like have a passion for，be crazy about begin get down to, set about use make use of，take advantage of desire long for, have a desire for decide make up one's mind，be determined cry burst into tears, burst out crying approach draw near, be around the corner think (认为) hold the view/belief bear put up with affect have an effect/influence on remember bear/keep...in mind believe be convinced of/that stress lay/put emphasis on solve work out, figure out see catch sight of, stare/glance at refuse turn down attract appeal to 2．形容词和副词 单词 短语 tired worn out useful of use beneficial of benefit important of importance usually more often than not finally in the end, at length firstly to begin/start with lastly to conclude，last but not least 3.介词和连词 单词 短语 about with regard to and as well as，in addition to because on account of，thanks to，owing/due to，as a result of 【即时演练】　结合语境，将单词替换成短语以优化表达 1．Finally, she rushed into the house, hugged her mom and cried sadly. →Finally, she rushed into the house, hugged her mom and burst into tears/burst out crying sadly. 2．Tired as I was every time I finished my work, I did enjoy the time there for learning something new. →Worn out as I was every time I finished my work, I did enjoy the time there for learning something new. 3．After what seemed forever, I finally turned up before the waiting boys. →After what seemed forever, I turned up in the end before the waiting boys. 4．It is important to keep calm in such an emergency. →It is of importance to keep calm in such an emergency. 5．If you want to be outstanding，you must first believe that you can be successful. →If you want to be outstanding, you must first be convinced of your capability to succeed. 6．Had my mother not stressed the importance of reading, I wouldn't have found interest in it. →Had my mother not laid/put emphasis on reading，I wouldn't have found interest in it. 策略3　词汇派生 英语中的派生词往往由特定的前缀后缀构成。通常情况下，前缀不会改变单词的词性，而后缀会改变单词的词性。在单词原形的基础上加上前、后缀整合后，就可以构筑一个丰富的词汇仓库，满足不同句子成分对词性的不同需求，从而提升词汇运用的丰富性。 1．常见前缀 un­不；非 unconsciously(无意识地)，uncomfortable (不舒服的) in­(also ir­)不；非 infinite (无限的)，irrelevance(不相关) non­无；没有 nonsense(废话)，non­stop(直达的；不停的) dis­不；非；相反 dishonest(不诚实的)，disappear(消失) re­又；再；重新 reapply(再申请)，reassuring(令人放心的) 2.常见后缀 名词后缀 ­ship才能，状态，资格，品质等 leadership(领导才能) membership(会员资格) ­tion/­ion 状态，行动等 starvation(饥饿) oppression(压迫) ­ment状态，行动等 movement(运动) argument (争论) ­ness；­ity(ty)状态，品质 happiness(幸福) kindness(善良) rapidity(迅速) 动词 后缀 ­ify转为，变为 purify(净化) solidify(使凝固) ­en 使；变得 blacken(使变黑) sadden(使悲伤) 形容 词后 缀 ­ful充满……的；有……性质的 sorrowful (悲伤的) forgetful(健忘的) ­less没有；不受影响 meaningless(无意义的) tireless(孜孜不倦的) ­ly具有……性质 cowardly(怯懦的) scholarly(学者型的) ­ing/­ed具有……特征的 surprising(令人吃惊的) amused(逗乐的) ­ous有……性质的 spacious(宽敞的) luminous(发光的；明亮的) 【即时演练】　用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1．Though the father was rich and powerful，he was still powerless in the face of his son's disease.(power) 2．David felt so bored with the boring meeting that he rose to his feet and made his way to the door.(bore) 3．The woman stood on the beach, looking at the peaceful,__warm sea, with her son lying peacefully in her arms.(peace) 4．I was struck with amazement as I saw the great and amazing ship for the first time.(amaze) 5．The invitation we received from our aunt yesterday meant that we could enjoy her inviting cuisine again.(invite) 6．He was so creative that he could combine modern music and traditional music creatively．(create) 7．The physical disability couldn't discourage the girl，who was as courageous as a warrior，from fighting for her dream.(courage) 8．My father did the most amusing thing on my tenth birthday.He took me to the amusement park and forgot to bring me home.(amuse) 9．I found him lying unconscious on the floor and after I woke him up，he said he had lost consciousness．(conscious) 10．His questions about the lady's private life made her feel embarrassed．However，the lady used unexpected humor to resolve the embarrassment successfully.(embarrass) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$