主题素养练案(9)（练习word）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（译林版2020）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·昆明高三教学质量检测)An Arizona aquarium is celebrating the hatching of three endangered African penguin chicks, saying the tiny additions are genetically valuable as zoos and aquariums around the world work to ensure the species' survival through breeding (培育) programs and conservation efforts. Officials at OdySea Aquarium made the announcement on Friday, posting the video of the cute birds on social media.They hatched a few weeks ago and will remain behind the scenes with their parents until they're ready for a public appearance. African penguins have suffered a massive population decline over the decades and are listed as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.So any successful hatching is cause for celebration, said Jessica Peranteau, director of animal training and education at the aquarium. “As the population of the African penguin continues to rapidly decline—down 23% in the past two years alone—OdySea Aquarium remains committed to the survival of the species in partnership with Association of Zoos and Aquariums，”Peranteau said in a statement.The breeding program established by the organization aims to build up a gene bank for the species. Officials say two of the three new chicks in Scottsdale were born to parents Mojo and Lemieux—a power couple of sorts that was selected for pairing as part of the breeding program.The third chick was born to first­time parents Bubbles and Weasley. Aquarium workers will regularly conduct “chick checks”，brief exams to monitor their growth and development and ensure they are hitting all necessary milestones.The three chicks have yet to be named, and their sex hasn't yet been determined.For now they're known by their numbers，42，43 and 44.In all, OdySea Aquarium now has 40 African penguins and has recorded 13 successful hatching. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。文章通过OdySea 水族馆庆祝成功孵化三只濒危的非洲企鹅引出话题，讲述非洲企鹅数量锐减，OdySea 水族馆与Association of Zoos and Aquariums 为该物种的生存而努力。 1．How did OdySea Aquarium announce the birth of the chicks? A．By advertising its breeding program. B．By uploading a video of them online. C．By holding a contest to name them. D．By offering a free visit to the zoo. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Officials at OdySea Aquarium made the announcement on Friday, posting the video of the cute birds on social media” 可知，水族馆的工作人员将孵化出的可爱的企鹅幼鸟的视频发布到网上，宣布三只企鹅幼鸟的诞生。故B项正确。 2．What is special about OdySea Aquarium? A．It works on its own to protect penguins. B．It aims to create new habitats for penguins. C．It has hatched 40 African penguins so far. D．It focuses on the survival of the penguins. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“‘As the population of the African penguin...in partnership with Association of Zoos and Aquariums，’ Peranteau said in a statement” 可知，OdySea 水族馆与Association of Zoos and Aquariums 为非洲企鹅的生存做出努力，所以该水族馆关注非洲企鹅的生存。故D项正确。 3．What can we learn about the three penguin chicks? A．They were born to the same parents. B．They were raised by a power couple. C．Their gender has been identified. D．Their growth is monitored closely. 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Aquarium workers will regularly conduct ‘chick checks’，brief exams to monitor their growth and development and ensure they are hitting all necessary milestones”可知，水族馆工作人员定期对这三只企鹅幼鸟进行检查，通过简单的检查来监测它们的成长和发育。由此可推断，这三只幼鸟在密切监测下成长。故D项正确。 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Endangered penguin chicks hatch at OdySea Aquarium. B．Penguin chicks make their first appearance in public. C．African penguins suffer a sharp decline in populations. D．Newly­born penguins are taken good care of in zoos. 解析：选A。主旨大意题。根据首段的内容可知，本文通过OdySea 水族馆庆祝成功孵化三只濒危的非洲企鹅引出话题，围绕非洲企鹅的数量锐减、OdySea 水族馆与Association of Zoos and Aquariums 为该物种的生存所做出的一系列努力开展讲述。由此可知，A项“濒危的企鹅幼鸟在OdySea 水族馆孵化”最能概括本文的主旨。 B (2024·日照高三联合考试)Every year from May to July, tens of thousands of Tibetan antelopes from regions in Qinghai, the Tibet autonomous region, and the Xinjiang autonomous region make their way to the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve in Qinghai to give birth.The mothers and newborn Tibetan antelopes make the return trip around August. This journey is rather tough.More than 90 percent of the female animals give birth every year, but only about 30 percent of the newborns survive.Many of them die on the return journey, unable to withstand the predators (捕食性动物) and diseases.The government has adopted some high­tech methods to assist in the safe return of newborn antelopes and protect the species. In 2013, with the help of the Beidou Navigation Satellite System, researchers discovered and confirmed the largest Tibetan antelope “birth room” on the Qinghai­Tibet Plateau, and they mapped the migration routes of Tibetan antelopes.Since late 2018, a solar­powered drone has been used to monitor the migration herds.“The solar­powered drone has a long flying time with high­resolution cameras, which gives us a new understanding of many specific routes during the migration of Tibetan antelopes，” said Wu Xiaomin, an expert from the Shaanxi Institute of Zoology.“For example, the nomads (游牧民) put fences on the grassland to protect the grass, but sometimes these hinder the normal activity of the Tibetan antelopes.” To clear the way for the Tibetan antelopes, the government of Tibet has taken action in recent years to give more protected space to wildlife.They relocate nomads from places at altitudes above 4，800 meters to other places in the region. Known as “plateau elves”， Tibetan antelopes have adapted to the unique and severe natural conditions of the Qinghai­Tibet Plateau.According to Wu, the Tibetan antelope is recognized as an important indicator species of the natural ecosystem. The population of Tibetan antelopes has grown.“With a recorded low population of fewer than 20，000 in Qinghai, the number has now reached over 70，000，” said former Qinghai governor Xin Changxing at an event to mark World Environment Day. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。藏羚羊是自然生态系统的重要指示物种。为了保护藏羚羊，西藏自治区人民政府近些年来实施保护行动，为这些动物提供了更多保护空间。 5．What can we learn about Tibetan antelopes? A．They travel to Hoh Xil to find partners. B．Only 30 percent of them give birth every year. C．Their yearly trip to the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve takes about one month. D．The newborns are threatened by diseases and predators. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第二段的“More than 90...predators (捕食性动物) and diseases”可知，每年超过90%的雌性藏羚羊会生产，而仅有30%的新生藏羚羊能存活下来。在返回的途中，很多新生藏羚羊因为无法抵御掠食者和疾病而死亡，即新生藏羚羊会受到掠食者和疾病的威胁。 6．What is the solar­powered drone mainly used for? A．Locating the Tibetan antelope “birth room”． B．Recording Tibetan antelopes' daily activities. C．Watching over the migrating Tibetan antelopes. D．Mapping the migration routes of Tibetan antelopes. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第三段的“Since late 2018...Shannxi Institute of Zoology”可知，自2018年底以来，一架太阳能无人机已被用于监测迁徙的藏羚羊群。陕西省动物研究所专家吴晓民说：“这种太阳能无人机配备分辨率高的摄像头，飞行时间长，这让我们对藏羚羊迁徙过程中的许多具体路线有了新的了解。”由此可知，太阳能无人机主要用于监测迁徙的藏羚羊群。 7．What does the underlined word “hinder” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Pay attention to. B．Cause trouble for. C．Take control of. D．Play an important role in. 解析：选B。词义猜测题。根据第三段画线词前举的例子“For example, the nomads (游牧民)．..protect the grass”可知，游牧民在草原上设置栅栏来保护草地。再根据第四段的“To clear the way...protected space to wildlife”可知，为了给藏羚羊扫清道路，西藏自治区人民政府为野生动物提供了更多保护空间。由此可知，游牧民设置的保护草地的栅栏成了藏羚羊正常活动的障碍。故选B项。 8．How does the government protect Tibetan antelopes? A．By expanding the area of reserve. B．By driving away their predators. C．By encouraging nomads to protect them. D．By relocating them to a protected place. 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，为了给藏羚羊扫清道路，西藏自治区人民政府近年来采取行动，给野生动物更多保护空间。他们将游牧民从海拔4 800米以上的地方迁移到该地区的其他地方。由此可知，为了保护藏羚羊，该政府为藏羚羊提供了更多保护空间，即扩大了保护区的范围。故选A项。 C (2024·长沙市新高考适应性考试)New Zealand's government announces it will help pay for poorer families to replace their old cars with cleaner hybrid(混合动力的)or electric ones.The government says it plans to spend D|S357 million on the test program. The move is part of a wider plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (排放物)．Greenhouse gases are believed to cause warming temperatures in the Earth's atmosphere.New Zealand plans to provide aid for businesses to reduce emissions and have buses that run on environmentally safe fuel by 2035.The government also plans to provide food­waste collection for most homes by 2030. Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern said in a statement, “We've all seen the recent reports on the sea level rise and its influence right here in New Zealand.We cannot leave the issue of climate change until it's too late to fix.”The plan is a step toward New Zealand's stated goal of reaching net zero (净零) carbon emissions by 2050. Reaching net zero emissions means not creating more carbon in the atmosphere than oceans and forests can remove.Ardern said that reducing dependence on traditional fuels would help protect families from extreme price increases.The plan also sets a goal of reducing total car travel by 20 percent over then next 13 years.The programs will be paid for from a D|S2.8 billion climate emergency response fund. Officials said that over time，money collected from polluters would pay for the programs rather than taxes from families.Some critics of the plan say it continued to be less restrictive on New Zealand's huge agriculture industry.Agriculture creates about half of the nation's total greenhouse gas emissions.But it is important to the economy as the nation's biggest export earner. David Seymour is the leader of New Zealand's ACT political party.He said that some of the announced programs were proven to be ineffective and had been tried and failed overseas.Seymour added that people should be able to choose how they reduce emissions through the market­based emissions trading plan. [语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。这篇文章报道了新西兰政府宣布将帮助较贫困家庭用更清洁的混合动力汽车或电动汽车取代他们的旧车，并计划为企业减排提供援助以及让公交车使用环保燃料等新的举措，其目的是减少温室气体排放从而减缓气候变暖，但对此也有一些不同的声音。 9．What does the New Zealand government plan to do? A．Increase dependence on traditional fuels. B．Reduce expense on food­waste collection. C．Offer businesses help to lessen emissions. D．Buy cars for families and double bar travel. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“New Zealand plans to provide aid for businesses to reduce emissions”可知，新西兰计划为企业减排提供援助，与选项C意义一致，故选C。 10．What does Jacinda Ardern suggest doing about the climate change? A．Observing the sea level rise. B．Publishing the recent reports. C．Dealing with the issue instantly. D．Raising emergency response funds. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We cannot leave the issue of climate change until it's too late to fix.”可知，新西兰总理Jacinda Ardern认为不能把气候变化问题拖到为时已晚的时候再解决，她认为要立即处理这一问题，故选C。 11．What can we know from the text? A．The move has a goal of reducing the use of buses. B．Agriculture plays a vital part in the nation's economy. C．The announced programs will be applied internationally. D．Achieving net zero emissions means creating no carbon at all. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“But it is also important to the economy as the nation's biggest export earner.”可知，农业作为新西兰最大的出口收入来源，对这一国家的经济起着至关重要的作用，故选B。 12．What is David Seymour's attitude towards the programs? A．Tolerant. B．Unclear. C．Favorable. D．Doubtful. 解析：选D。观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“He said that some of the announced programs were proven to be ineffective and had been tried and failed overseas.”可知，David Seymour说部分宣布的项目被证明是无效的，在海外进行过尝试但以失败告终。由此可知，David Seymour对这一举措持怀疑态度，故选D。tolerant“宽容的”；unclear“不清楚的”；favorable“赞同的”；doubtful“怀疑的”。 Ⅱ.七选五 Brad's idea of a good time is to swim across the lake at the base of Grand Teton, and then hike to the peak and back.Sometimes his wife Sheila and daughters Sage and Sienna will join him.“Being in the wilderness is the best therapy (疗法) I've found，”Sheila says.“1.________” An article details the power of nature therapy not only in reducing stress and anxiety, but in dramatically reducing the symptoms of PTSD.That's the basis on which the National Ability Center (NAC) is built.The NAC draws in nationwide participants with disabilities.2.________ And it's a group Brad and his family have joined in the mountains. Brad's family was once part of a larger family，skiing with autistic (患自闭症的) kids and biking with the depressed.The girls quickly connected with the kids.Sage, the older daughter, says，“3.______We instantly become friends because they are not bothered by the same social cues (暗示)．” 4．________ Sienna recalls riding with a physically disabled man.Sienna rode beside his bike and listened to his daughter singing songs to encourage him along.“Days like that just bring out the best in us，”Sienna says. The forest and the clear sky create a sense of connection beyond our humanness, making us part of something bigger and restoring our emotions.“We're all hurt in some way.But if we help each other out we'll get through it.5.________ And now we get to see how it helps out new friends，” Brad says. A．It's a stress and anxiety reliever. B．To bond with them is a lot easier. C．The therapy functions in two directions. D．The preservation of the world lies in the wilderness. E．After all, it's difficult to achieve anything without support. F．It's a mixed bag of humanity who lands on the unfair side of life. G．Being in the wilderness has sustained our family through hard times. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。文章通过Brad一家人的野外活动经历告诉人们在大自然中走走对人们有众多益处。 1．解析：选A。空前提到Sheila 认为置身荒野是她发现的最好的治疗方法，空处承接上文，应还是在介绍其对置身荒野的看法。再结合第二段中的“not only in reducing stress and anxiety”可知，空处内容还应涉及关于置身荒野能减少压力和焦虑的内容，故选A。 2．解析：选F。空前提到这是National Ability Center建立的基础，它吸引了全国范围内的残疾人参与其中。空后提到Brad 及其家人在山里加入了这个组织。由此可知，空处应还是对National Ability Center的介绍。F项“这是一个混合的群体，他们落在了生活中不公平的一面”介绍的是这一组织的特点，在这里起到了承接上文的作用，符合语境。 3．解析：选B。上文提到Brad 的女儿们很快与这些孩子们建立了良好的关系，下文提到他们很快就成了朋友，因为这些孩子们不会被同样的社交暗示困扰。由此可知，空处内容应还是在介绍女儿们与这些孩子们交往的内容。B项“和他们建立联系要容易得多”很好地衔接了上下文，符合语境。B项中的easier与上文中的quickly和下文中的instantly的呼应关系亦是提示。 4．解析：选C。空处为段落主旨句。下文提到Sienna和一个残疾人骑行的经历(这是Sienna对这个人的“治愈”)，而且Sienna 说这样的日子会激发出人们最好的一面(这是该经历对Sienna的意义)。由此可知，此处强调的是自然疗法是双向的。C项“这一疗法是双向的”很好地概括了段落内容，起到引领下文的作用。 5．解析：选G。空前提到森林和晴朗的天空创造了一种超越我们人性的联系感，使我们成为更大事物的一部分，并修复我们的情感。我们都会在某种程度上受到伤害，但如果我们互相帮助，我们就能渡过难关。空后提到现在我们要看看它是如何帮助我们的新朋友的。由此可知，空处内容应与Brad及其家人在自然疗法的帮助下渡过难关有关，且与下文内容构成递进关系，故G项“置身荒野使我们一家度过了艰难时期”符合语境。 【二次精读积语料】 核心 单词 A篇 endangered adj.濒临灭绝的，(物种)有灭种危险的　survival n．生存；存活；幸存　conservation n．(对环境的)保护；保存　massive adj.巨大的；非常严重的　establish v．建立，设立，创立，确立　hatch v．孵出；破壳；筹划　breed v．交配繁殖 n．(动物)品种；种类 B篇 tough adj.艰苦的，艰难的　confirm v．确认，证明　relocate v．(使)搬迁，迁移　migration n．迁移，移居　solar­powered adj.太阳能发电的 C篇 restrictive adj.限制性的　ineffective adj.无效的 熟词 生义 B篇 map 常用义：n.地图→文章义：v.绘制……的地图 词缀 变形 A篇 committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→commit vt.承诺；保证 vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→commitment n．投入；奉献；承诺 genetically adv.遗传学地；基因地→genetic adj.遗传的；基因的→gene n．基因 核心 短语 A篇 behind the scenes 在后台，在幕后；秘密地，背地里　made the announcement 宣布　build up 逐步建立；增进 B篇 autonomous region自治区　adopt some high­tech methods 采用一些高科技手段 C篇 replace...with...用……取代……　rather than 而不是 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$