主题素养练案(6)（练习word）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（译林版2020）

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·济南学情检测)If you always sit indoors for too long, putting on weight may become a trouble.Tired of all that fat？If so, these sports can help you burn the most calories. Running “Running is one of the best calorie burners out there，”qualified personal trainer Daniel Saltos says.An average person can burn anywhere from 500 to 1，000 calories in one hour of running.“Speed, pace, and tolerance are all factors that can impact this range.But running uses every muscle group in the body, allowing you to burn more calories.” Swimming “Swimming is a workout that produces the lowest impact on body while it still can burn 500 to 600 calories in just 30 minutes，”Saltos says.Swimming also improves heart health and increases strength—all great reasons for playing in the water. Boxing Not only is boxing a great way to release energy, but it also helps improve balance, builds up tolerance and strengthens the upper body and core.“Boxing helps you get a good calorie burn, too, with the average person burning up 400 to 800 calories in an hour session，” Saltos says. Rowing The pushing and pulling motion of rowing machines targets multiple muscle groups including the arms, core, and back, helping you to burn more calories.“An hour of rowing will burn 400 to 600 calories on average，”Saltos says. [语篇解读]本文是应用文。文章介绍了最能燃烧热量的四项运动。 1．Which sport can burn the most calories per hour? A．Boxing. B．Running. C．Swimming. D．Rowing. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据Running中的“An average person...hour of running”可知，一个普通人在一小时的跑步中可以消耗500到1 000卡路里的热量。根据Swimming中的“Swimming is a．..just 30 minutes”可知，游泳在短短30分钟内仍然可以燃烧500到600卡路里的热量。根据Boxing中的“Boxing helps you...an hour session”可知，拳击一小时能燃烧400到800卡路里的热量。根据Rowing中的“An hour of...calories on average”可知，一小时的划船平均可以燃烧400到600卡路里的热量。由此可知，游泳每小时燃烧的热量最多。 2．What is the advantage of swimming according to the text? A．It enhances balance. B．It improves tolerance. C．It produces low impact. D．It builds muscle groups. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据Swimming中的“Swimming is a workout that produces the lowest impact on body”可知，游泳是一种对身体影响最小的锻炼方式。 3．Who is the text intended for? A．Great athletes. B．Fitness experts. C．Sports reporters. D．Overweight persons. 解析：选D。推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的内容可知，本文旨在介绍四项帮助减肥的运动。由此可推知，本篇文章是写给肥胖者的。 B (2024·石家庄高中毕业班教学质量检测)The widespread sedentary(久坐不动的)lifestyle has become a problem in America，fueling the rising obesity (肥胖) rate. Now a new study finds that being surrounded by active friends can help a person living a sedentary lifestyle get more exercise each day.Researchers found that people in social groups where exercise is valued are more likely to be more active themselves.Lonely people are more likely to live sedentary lifestyles without another person around to give them a boost.The findings highlight the idea that the company a person keeps can be a boost to their overall health and direction in life. Dr.Diana Thomas, a professor at a military school and study author, said that the idea for the research came from real life experiences on the campus.Her team had noticed a trend of people becoming more interested in fitness and other activities once arriving at the school.This is not usually the case at other schools and workplaces，where there is no significant impact on fitness.Thomas believed that this trend could be the result of in­group social conditioning，where people will take part in activities that others around them are doing. People whose data were gathered for the study were split into three groups based on their physical activity level—sedentary，moderately active and extremely active.Moderately active folks were the most important for drawing people who are sedentary to become active，and to sustain that activity.Thomas explained that sedentary people would be unlikely to change their behavior when placed in a group of the extremely active, as it would seem unattainable. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。一项研究发现，身边都是爱运动的朋友的话，久坐不动的人也会多参加体育锻炼的。 4．Why does the author mention the rising obesity rate in the first paragraph? A．To make comparisons. B．To introduce the topic. C．To support the argument. D．To provide examples. 解析：选B。推理判断题。作者在第二段介绍了一项研究发现，根据研究发现的内容可知，第一段提到美国肥胖率上升的问题旨在引出话题，故B项正确。 5．What helps a sedentary person become active? A．Volunteering in social groups. B．Working in a caring company. C．Joining sports­loving friends. D．Giving a lonely neighbor a boost. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“being surrounded by active friends can help a person living a sedentary lifestyle get more exercise”可知，如果久坐不动的人身边围绕着爱运动的人，他们也会多多锻炼，因此和爱运动的朋友一起有助于久坐不动的人多运动，故C项正确。 6．What might have caused the trend at the military school? A．Requirements from the school. B．People's natural addition to sports. C．Social interaction within a group. D．Competition against other schools. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thomas believed that this trend could be the result of in­group social conditioning”并结合选项可知，军事学院的这种趋势是由群体内社交互动造成的，故C项正确。 7．Why are extremely active people less influential according to Dr.Thomas? A．They have no appeal for sedentary people. B．They are unwilling to involve sedentary people. C．They themselves often fail to sustain exercising. D．They seem like an example beyond sedentary people. 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“sedentary people would be unlikely to change their behavior when placed in a group of the extremely active, as it would seem unattainable”可知，超级爱锻炼的人标准太高，久坐不动的人无法达到他们的锻炼强度，据此可以推断，他们可能不适合久坐不动的人效仿，所以对久坐不动的人影响不大，故D项正确。unattainable“无法达到的；无法获得的”。 Ⅱ.完形填空 You might say I found marathon, step by step.Or perhaps it found me.I was __1__ an athlete growing up.In fact, I have a hard time __2__ that term to myself even today. It started when I joined a group of women in my neighborhood for a daily three­mile walk.At first it was __3__．But soon, my body adjusted and I wanted __4__．Before long, I was running 5 miles.Then I set a goal to run a half marathon.And I did complete the Covered Bridges Half Marathon.I thought, “Now what？” I started to __5__ a marathon. It so happened that I __6__ a meeting one night and listened to the speaker and coach, Rick Muhr, and was so __7__ by his words.I told him that I had signed up for the Ocean State Marathon, just a week away, and that I really didn't believe I could __8__．Rick locked eyes with me and said, “Trish, you've done enough training.You'll finish！” I never had someone __9__ me like that, let alone a real, live coach.He gave me the __10__ I needed.I set out to run my __11__ marathon and completed it in 4：25：00.Little did I know that this would be the beginning of nearly a decade of marathon and distance running. Running a marathon isn't for everybody.But it is for anybody, anybody who wants to __12__ the unreachable and to take that __13__ into the rest of their life.When you cross the finish line you may never have a __14__ picture of what you are made of and capable of accomplishing.Your __15__ of the world and, more importantly, of yourself will forever be changed! [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者喜欢上马拉松的过程和这项运动的意义。 1． A．always B．rarely C．never D．nearly 解析：选C。A.always总是；B.rarely很少；C.never从不；D.nearly几乎。根据上文“You might say I found marathon, step by step.”和下文“It started when I joined a group of women in my neighborhood for a daily three­mile walk.”可推知，作者在加入一个街区步行小组后才接触马拉松，所以在之前成长过程中，她并不喜欢运动，不算运动员。故选C项。 2． A．pointing B．applying C．turning D．spreading 解析：选B。A.pointing指向；B.applying运用；C.turning转动；D.spreading传播。根据下文“that term to myself”可推知，作者觉得很难把“运动员”这一专有名词用在自己身上，apply sth to...是固定短语，意为“把……运用于……”。故选B项。 3． A．hard B．relaxing C．unfamiliar D．exciting 解析：选A。A.hard困难的；B.relaxing令人放松的；C.unfamiliar不熟悉的；D.exciting令人兴奋的。根据下文“But soon, my body adjusted”可知，一开始作者的身体没有适应，所以会觉得很难。故选A项。 4． A．some B．both C．more D．none 解析：选C。A.some一些；B.both两者都；C.more更多；D.none一个也没有。根据上文“a daily three­mile walk”和下文“Before long, I was running 5 miles.”可知，作者由一开始的步行3英里转变到跑步5英里，说明在身体适应后，作者想要进行更多运动。故选C项。 5． A．report B．record C．recall D．consider 解析：选D。A.report报告；B.record记录；C.recall回忆；D.consider考虑。根据上文“Now what？”可推知，作者在完成了半程马拉松后开始寻找下一个目标，开始考虑全程的马拉松比赛。故选D项。 6． A．held B．missed C．attended D．mentioned 解析：选C。A.held举行；B.missed错过；C.attended参加；D.mentioned提到。根据下文“a meeting one night and listened to the speaker and coach”可知，作者参加了一个会议，听了演讲。故选C项。 7． A．inspired B．disturbed C．embarrassed D．amused 解析：选A。A.inspired受鼓舞的；B.disturbed心神不安的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.amused愉快的。根据下文“I told him that I had signed up for the Ocean State Marathon, just a week away, and that I really didn't believe I could __8__．”可推知，作者深受教练Rick Muhr的话的鼓舞，所以才想和他分享自己的担忧，希望得到鼓励。故选A项。 8． A．participate B．finish C．win D．run 解析：选B。A.participate参与；B.finish完成；C.win赢得；D.run奔跑。根据下文教练Rick Muhr鼓舞的话“Trish, you've done enough training.You'll finish！”可推知，作者怕自己无法跑完马拉松比赛。故选B项。 9． A．agree with B．rely on C．care for D．believe in 解析：选D。A.agree with同意；B.rely on依赖；C.care for照顾；D.believe in相信。根据上文教练Rick Muhr的话“Trish, you've done enough training.You'll finish！”可知，教练表达了对作者的信任。故选D项。 10．A．confidence B．pleasure C．satisfaction D．motivation 解析：选A。A.confidence信心；B.pleasure快乐；C.satisfaction满意；D.motivation动力。根据上文可知，作者对完成马拉松没有信心，所以教练Rick Muhr的鼓励给了她信心。故选A项。 11．A．last B．first C．only D．second 解析：选B。A.last最后的；B.first第一的；C.only仅有的；D.second第二的。根据上文“And I did complete the Covered Bridges Half Marathon.I thought, ‘Now what？’ I started to __5__ a marathon.”可知，这是作者第一次跑全程马拉松。故选B项。 12．A．test B．identify C．imagine D．reach 解析：选D。A.test测试；B.identify识别；C.imagine想象；D.reach到达。根据上文作者的经历可知，参加马拉松不是件容易的事情，结合句中“the unreachable (不可企及的高点)”可知，作者把完成马拉松比喻成到达不可企及的高点。故选D项。 13．A．knowledge B．request C．principle D．experience 解析：选D。A.knowledge知识，认识；B.request请求；C.principle原则，原理；D.experience经历，经验。作者讲完成马拉松相当于到达不可企及的高点，这是一种经历，一种可以铭记余生的经历。故选D项。 14．A．bigger B．brighter C．clearer D．nicer 解析：选C。A.bigger更大的；B.brighter更明亮的；C.clearer更清晰的；D.nicer更美好的。根据上文“who wants to __12__ the unreachable”可知，作者把完成马拉松比喻成到达不可企及的高点；结合句中“picture of what you are made of and capable of accomplishing”可推知，当冲过终点线时，你就突破了自己，会对自己有最清晰的认识。故选C项。 15．A．view B．love C．description D．memory 解析：选A。A.view观点；B.love爱；C.description描述；D.memory记忆。根据上文“When you cross the finish line you may never have a __14__ picture of what you are made of and capable of accomplishing.”可知，冲过马拉松的终点意味着突破极限，会对自己有最清晰的认识，所以对世界和自己的看法将永远改变。故选A项。 Ⅲ.语法填空 Marrakech (马拉喀什) is the fourth largest city in Morocco and has a rich architectural heritage.However, an earthquake in September caused serious damage 1.____________ some of them in the city. The Medina district, the old cultural center of Marrakech, was one of them.2.____________ (add) to UNESCO's World Heritage List in 1985, the district is enclosed by 900­year­old walls built of red sandstone that once 3.____________ (defend) the city against danger.However, large parts of these walls were damaged in the earthquake and long sections now show deep cracks 4.____________ other parts have collapsed. Apart from ancient walls, Morocco World News reported that the city's Kharbouch Mosque (清真寺) was almost 5.____________ (entire) destroyed.Before the earthquake, it was a cultural center for the city 6.____________ dancers and storytellers performed.A local resident 7.____________ (tell) The New Arab that the mosque dates back to the 17th century. After visiting Marrakech 8.____________ (follow) the destruction, Eric Falt, an officer at UNESCO, stressed that it was necessary to immediately plan for the 9.____________ (construct) of damaged cultural assets (资产)．The earthquake's impact on Marrakech's cultural heritage 10.____________ (expect) to be a long­term challenge that will require careful restoration efforts, noted Morocco World News. [语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了马拉喀什的一些文化遗产在地震中遭到了破坏，包括一些清真寺和文化中心。 1．解析：to。考查介词。句意：然而，9月份的一场地震对该市的一些建筑造成了严重破坏。cause damage to是固定搭配。故填to。 2．解析：Added。考查非谓语动词。句意：该地区于1985年被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，周围环绕着由红砂岩建造的900年历史的城墙，这些城墙曾经保护城市免受危险。该句的谓语动词为is，此处应为非谓语动词，动词add和其逻辑主语the district之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作状语。故填Added。 3．解析：defended。考查时态。句意：同上。根据时间状语once可知，此处定语从句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填defended。 4．解析：while。考查连词。句意：然而，这些墙的大部分在地震中遭到破坏，现在墙体较长部分已出现了深深的裂缝，而其他部分已经倒塌。根据句意可知，前后文是对比关系。故填while。 5．解析：entirely。考查副词。句意：据《摩洛哥世界新闻》报道，除了古老的城墙外，该市的卡尔布奇清真寺几乎全部被毁。修饰动词用副词。故填entirely。 6．解析：where。考查定语从句。句意：地震前，这里是舞蹈家和说书人表演的城市文化中心。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词a cultural center是地点，应用关系副词where引导，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。 7．解析：told。考查时态。句意：一位当地居民告诉《新阿拉伯人报》，这座清真寺的历史可以追溯到17世纪。根据句意可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填told。 8．解析：following。考查现在分词转化的介词。句意：联合国教科文组织官员Eric Falt在该地遭到毁坏后访问了马拉喀什，强调有必要立即计划重建受损的文化资产。根据句意可知，此处表示“在毁坏之后”，应用其介词形式following表示“在(某事)以后”。故填following。 9．解析：construction。考查名词。句意：同上。根据前文“for the”可知，此处应用名词construction(不可数)作介词宾语。故填construction。 10．解析：is expected。考查时态和语态。句意：《摩洛哥世界新闻》指出，地震对马拉喀什文化遗产的影响预计将是一项长期挑战，需要精心的修复工作。动词expect和主语The earthquake's impact之间是被动关系，根据句意可知，此处描述现实情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态。主语是单数，be动词用is，故填is expected。 【二次精读积语料】 核心 单词 A篇 qualified adj.具备……的学历(或资历)的；符合资格　tolerance n．忍受，容忍　session n．一段时间，一场 B篇 boost n．帮助，激励；增长，提高 v．使增长，使兴旺　highlight v．突出，强调；(使)醒目；挑染 n．最好的部分 data n．数据；资料　moderately adv.适度地；普通地；温和度　sustain vt.维持；支撑，支持；遭受，经受 词缀 变形 B篇 unlikely adj.不大可能的→likely adj.可能的 unattainable adj.达不到的，无法取得的→attain v．获得；达到 核心 短语 A篇 (be) tired of 厌倦……　build up 加强　on average 平均 B篇 split...into...把……分成…… 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$