Unit 3 Festivals and customs（教师用书word）-【金版新学案】2025年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（译林版2020）

Unit 3　Festivals and customs 重点词汇 　　(一)阅读常见词——记牢 1．comb 　　　 n．梳子；梳理(头发) vt.梳，梳理；搜寻 2．couplet n．对联，对句(联想：Spring Festival couplets春联) 3．firecracker n．鞭炮，爆竹(联想：set off firecrackers放鞭炮) 4．lantern n．灯笼，提灯 5．riddle n．谜，谜语(联想：lantern riddles灯谜) 6．creep vi.(crept，crept)渐渐出现　 (二)多义辨析词——认清 1．stuff 　　　　　　n．东西，物品；活儿，话vt.填满，装满；把……塞进 2．honour (AmE honor) n．尊敬，尊重；荣幸；荣誉 vt.尊重，尊敬；给予表扬；信守 (三)核心必背词——用活 1．a wedding ceremony　　 一场结婚庆典 2．eye­catching scenery 引人注目的景色 3．customs dating back to the Ming Dynasty 始于明朝的风俗 4．ordinary people like you and me 像你我这等普通人 5．a memorable flight 一次难忘的航班 6．earn one's respect 赢得某人的尊敬 7．hunt for a job 寻找一份工作 8．a source of knowledge 知识的来源 9．settle a problem/an argument 解决问题/争议 10. a neat and clean room 一个整洁干净的房间 拓展词汇 1.decorate vt.& vi.装饰；点缀；粉刷，油漆→decoration n．装饰；装饰品 2．formal adj.(穿着、言语、行为等)适合正式场合的，正规的，庄重的→(反)informal adj.非正式的；非正规的 3．tradition n．传统，传统的信仰(或风俗)→traditional adj.传统的→traditionally adv.传统地 4．impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记→impression n．印象，感想；影响，效果→impressive adj.给人深刻印象的；感人的 5．enter v．进入→entrance n．进入，出场；入口；准许加入；进入权→entry n．进入(许可)；参加；条目，事项；参赛作品 6．occasion n．时刻；时机；特殊场合，盛会→occasional adj.偶然的；偶尔的；临时的→occasionally adv.偶尔；有时 7．promote vt.促进，增进，推动；宣传，促销；提升，晋升→promotion n．晋级；增进 8．observe vt.遵守；看到；注意到；观察；庆祝→observation n．观察；观测 9．select vt.选择，挑选→selection n．选择，挑选 10．settle vi.& vt.定居；结束；解决；决定；使处于舒适的位置；使平静下来→settlement n．定居点；解决；协议→settler n．移民者；殖民者 11．convenient adj.方便的，省事的，便利的，实用的→convenience n．方便；便利；便利设施→(反)inconvenience n．不便 12．represent vt.代表；为……代言；体现；象征；描绘→representative n．代表；典型人物 adj.典型的；有代表性的 13．fortune n．机会，运气；巨款；命运；财富→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→(反)unfortunately adv.不幸地 重点短语 1．anything but　　　　　　　　　　　　　 决不，根本不 2．in the air 可感觉到；在传播中 3．be caught up in 被卷入，陷入(同义：be involved in) 4．pass down 使世代相传，流传 5．fall on　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　适逢，正当 6．in honour of 为向……表示敬意 7．set off 使爆炸；出发，动身 8．dress up 穿上盛装；打扮；装扮 9．make/leave a(n)．..impression on/upon sb 给某人留下一个……的印象 10．stand for 象征，代表；主张 11．make a promise 许诺，允诺 12．be covered with 被……覆盖；充满着…… 13．all sorts of 各种各样的(同义：a variety of) 14．breathe in 吸气(反义：breathe out 呼气) 15．go by (时间)流逝；过去 16．stay up late 熬夜　 单元佳句 1.There were hundreds of guests，all dressed up in formal，colourful clothes.(独立主格结构作状语) 2．The Carnival current carried us through the ever­growing sea of people，dancing all the way.(现在分词短语作伴随状语) 3．I was so caught up in the party fever that I hardly noticed five hours fly by！(so...that...引导结果状语从句) 4．Indeed，the whole family could not be happier to be together.(“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义) 5．However，the high­speed train has made it much more convenient for them to go back home.(it作形式宾语) 6．After all，home is where all family members are together.(where引导表语从句) [遮住左栏尝试背诵] 1．有数以百计的客人，个个身着色彩艳丽的礼服。 2．狂欢节的人潮裹挟着我们在越来越浩瀚的人海中穿行，走一路跳一路。 3．我深深地沉浸在派对狂热中，不知不觉五个小时已经过去了！ 4．的确，一家人再没有比团团圆圆更高兴的事了。 5．然而，高速列车使他们回家变得更加方便。 6．毕竟，家是所有家庭成员在一起的地方。 词汇语境串记 Different countries have different traditions and customs．I was fortunate enough to have a good opportunity to attend a wedding ceremony in India，which made a deep impression on me.The ceremony took place in a brightly decorated hotel room.And guests present were all dressed up in formal and colourful clothes.Two aspects especially surprised me.One was the bridegroom's entrance on a white horse.Another was the part when the bride's father proudly led his daughter through the rows of seats to her husband.How romantic it was! The wedding ceremony was indeed anything but ordinary． Another opportunity was to experience the Rio Carnival.The Carnival in Rio was a popular occasion．I saw a group of 20 Brazilian dancers and a band in fancy costumes standing in the street.After a while，the band started playing samba beats，the dancers twisted and turned，and the crowd began to cheer，clap and sing.The whole group started marching down the street through the sea of people，dancing，singing and cheering.I was so caught up in the party fever that I hardly noticed five hours fly by. [遮住左栏，忆加黑词汇] 不同的国家有不同的传统和习俗。我很幸运，有一个很好的机会让我在印度参加了一场婚礼，这给我留下了深刻的印象。仪式在一个装饰华丽的酒店房间里举行。出席的客人都穿着正式且色彩鲜艳的衣服。有两个方面特别让我感到惊讶。其中一个是新郎骑着一匹白马出场。另一个是，新娘的父亲骄傲地领着女儿穿过一排排的座位，走向她的丈夫的环节。多么浪漫啊！婚礼确实一点也不普通。 另一个机会是体验里约热内卢嘉年华。在里约热内卢举行的狂欢节是一个很受欢迎的场合。我看到一群20名巴西舞者和一个穿着华丽服装的乐队站在街上。过了一段时间，乐队开始演奏桑巴舞曲，舞者扭来扭去，人群开始欢呼、鼓掌和唱歌。整个团体开始沿着街道游行，穿过人山人海，跳舞、唱歌、欢呼。我沉浸在派对狂欢里，几乎没有注意到五个小时过去了。 Ⅰ.默写单词(每空1.5分，满分30分) 1．wedding 　 　 n．婚礼，结婚庆典 2．ceremony n．典礼，仪式 3．eye­catching adj.惹人注意的，引人注目的 4．flight n．班机，航班；航程；飞行 5．neat adj.整洁的，整齐的；有条理的 6．ordinary adj.普通的，平常的；平庸的 7．source n．来源；起源；源头 8．earn vt.& vi.赚得；获利；赢得 9．custom n．风俗，习俗；个人习惯；光顾 10．march vi.齐步走，前进；游行示威 n．游行示威；行进 11．current n．水流，潮流；电流；思潮 adj.当前的；通用的 12．annual adj.每年的，年度的；一年的 13．vehicle n．交通工具，车辆；手段，工具 14．earn vt.& vi.赚得；获利；赢得 15．package n．包，盒；包裹；一套，一揽子 vt.将……包装好；包装 16．identity n．特性；身份 17．duty n．责任，义务；上班，值班；职责；税 18．precious adj.宝贵的，珍贵的；珍奇的；珍稀的 19．sort n．种类，类别 vt.整理，分类；妥善处理 20．tear n．眼泪，泪珠 vt.& vi.撕裂，撕碎 Ⅱ.默写短语(每空3分，满分30分) 1．pass down　　　　 使世代相传，流传 2．in honour of 为向……表示敬意 3．set off 使爆炸；出发，动身 4．dress up 穿上盛装；打扮；装扮 5．stand for 象征，代表；主张 6．be covered with 被……覆盖；充满着…… 7．all sorts of 各种各样的 8．breathe in 吸气 9．go by (时间)流逝；过去 10．stay up late 熬夜 Ⅲ.词形变化填空(每空2分，满分30分) 1．There is a convenience (convenient) store around my neighborhood. 2．We usually have China's traditional (tradition) food—dumplings on New Year's Eve. 3．The young man came up with a good idea for the product promotion (promote)． 4．He had little contact with her, apart from an occasional (occasion) visit at Christmas. 5．Sadly, the officials haven't formally (formal) agreed to Mr.Anderson's proposal. 6．We had our furniture moved to the new house when the decoration (decorate) was finished. 7．Brian who has British nationality is an excellent national football player in Brazil.(nation) 8．Mr.William's impressive speech left a deep impression on the audience the other day.(impress) 9．The observer has been observing the situation of that region for a long time, so his observation is believable.(observe) 10．Fortunately, he came to the new island safely.It is also fortunate for him to make his new discovery there.(fortune) Ⅳ.句式仿写(第1、2题每小题3分，第3题4分，满分10分) 1．句式公式：独立主格结构作状语 他到达了终点线，排名在第20位，每个人都在为他欢呼。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) He reached the final line and ranked the 20th，everyone cheering for him． 2．句型公式：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义 就我个人而言，在我们日常生活中健康最重要。 From my point of view，nothing is more important than health in our daily life． 3．句型公式：it作形式宾语 我觉得我很荣幸能读到Youth，这对我学习英语很有好处。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) I think it a privilege for me to read newspaper Youth，which benefits my English study a lot. 1．impression n．印象，感想；影响，效果→impress v．给……留下深刻印象；使铭记；使意识到→impressive adj.给人深刻印象的；感人的 ·impress sth on/upon sb 使某人意识到某事(的重要性或严重性) impress sb with sth 使某人铭记某物；使某人对某物印象深刻 be impressed by/with 对……印象深刻 ·make/leave an impression on/upon 给……留下好印象 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)最让我印象深刻的是他的创新思想和慷慨的个性。(2023·全国甲卷) What impresses me most is his original thoughts and generous personality. (2)我坚信今年的文化节给你留下了深刻的印象。(2022·浙江1月卷) ①I firmly believe that this year's cultural festival has impressed you deeply．(impress) ②I hold the firm belief that you have been deeply impressed by/with this year's cultural festival.(impress) ③I'm firmly convinced that this year's cultural festival has made/left a deep impression on/upon you．(impression) 2．occasion n．特殊场合，盛会；时刻；时机→occasional adj.偶然的，偶尔的；临时的→occasionally adv.有时；偶尔 on this/that occasion 在这个/那个时候 on occasion(s) 偶尔，有时 on no occasion 绝不，不会(用在句首时句子部分倒装) 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)I still remember that romantic occasion when my brother knelt down asking his girlfriend to marry him. (2)He visits his parents only occasionally (occasion)，for example，going home to celebrate the annual Spring Festival. (3)Everyone loses temper on occasion，so don't blame yourself too hard. (4)You should on no occasion watch thrillers alone at midnight. →On no occasion should you watch thrillers alone at midnight.(用倒装句改写) 【名师点拨】 　occasion作先行词，其后跟定语从句时，表示“时刻”，应用关系副词when引导；表示“场合”，应用关系副词where引导。 3．honour n．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 v．尊敬；给予表扬→honourable adj.可敬的；体面的 ·It's an honour for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事很荣幸 feel it an honour to do sth 为做某事感到荣幸 in honour of... 向……表示敬意；为纪念…… ·be/feel honoured to do sth 做某事感到荣幸 【多维训练】　写作迁移 能有宝贵的机会在这里发表演讲，我感到非常荣幸。(演讲稿) ①It is a great honour for me to have the precious opportunity to deliver a speech here.(honour) ②I feel it a great honour to have the precious opportunity to deliver a speech here.(honour，it作形式宾语) ③I am/feel greatly honoured to have the precious opportunity to deliver a speech here.(honoured) 4．settle vi.& vt.定居；结束；解决；决定；使处于舒适的位置→settlement n．定居点；协议；解决→settler n．移居者；殖民者 settle down (使)安定；定居；平静下来 settle in/into 安顿下来；习惯于；适应 settle down to (doing) sth 开始认真(做)某事 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)这位退休的教授在一个美丽的村庄里安顿下来后，便开始进行他的实验。 Having settled in/into a beautiful village，the retired professor settled down to his research． (2)他们搭起帐篷，舒适地坐在草地上，开始欣赏着周围美丽的景色。(动作链) They put up the tent and sat comfortably on the grass and settled down to enjoying the surrounding breathtaking sights. 5．convenient adj.方便的；近便的；便利的→convenience n．[U]便利；方便[C]便利设施→(反)inconvenience n．不便 ·It is convenient for sb to do sth 某人方便做某事 ·at one's convenience 在某人方便的时候 for convenience 为了方便起见 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)如果您能尽早回复我将不胜感激。(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) I would appreciate it if you could reply at your earliest convenience． (2)如果你方便，为了给你提供更多的细节，我可以下周二去你的办公室吗？ If it is convenient for you, may I pay you a visit at your office next Tuesday to give you more details? (3)一旦事情得到确认，我会告诉你。我希望这个意外的变化不会给你带来多少不便。 I will let you know once it is confirmed.I hope the unexpected change won't cause you much inconvenience． 6．represent vt.象征；代表(＝on behalf of)；相当于；描述→representative n．代表adj.典型的；有代表性的 ·represent sb/sth as/to be... 宣称某人为……；把某事叙述为…… ·represent sth to sb 向某人说明/传达某事 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)They selected me as the representative (represent) of our school to deliver a report about the result of our analysis. (2)我谨代表我们学校对您的来访表示诚挚的欢迎。(欢迎辞，2021·浙江1月卷) ①Representing our school，I would like to convey my sincere welcome for your visiting.(represent) ②On behalf of our school，I would like to convey my sincere welcome for your visiting.(behalf) 【名师点拨】 　represent意为“代表”时为动词；而on behalf of为介词短语。 7．fortune n．机会；运气→fortunate adj.幸运的；侥幸的→fortunately adv.幸运地 ·have the good fortune to do sth 有幸做某事 ·be fortunate to do sth 有幸做某事 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)Fortunately (fortune), it was him who taught me how to open the door to writing and taste the enjoyment of writing.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) (2)此外，我们有幸利用各种资源使学习变得更有趣。(2021·全国乙卷) Besides，we are fortunate to use all kinds of resources to make learning more interesting. 8．set off 出发；动身；启程；燃放(烟花)；引起；激起 set aside 保留；储蓄；忽视；不顾 set about(doing sth) 着手/开始做…… set out (to do sth) 出发；开始做…… set down 放下；记下 set up 建立；树立；搭起 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)At 7 am last Sunday we set off/out for the farm merrily like caged birds newly set free. (2)Learning English well is not easy and you should set aside some time every day to read it. (3)他们开始打扫厨房，而他们的父亲帮忙做早餐。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) ①They set about cleaning up the kitchen while their father helped make the breakfast. ②They set out to clean up the kitchen while their father helped make the breakfast. 9.“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义 ·“否定词＋比较级”结构表示最高级意义，通常意为“没有比……更……”。常用的否定词有：no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等。 ·can never/can't与too，too much，enough连用时，表示肯定意义，意为“再怎样……也不过分”。 any other+单数名词 all the other+复数名词 ·比较级＋than＋ any of the other+复数名词 anyone else (教材原句)Indeed，the whole family could not be happier to be together. 事实上，一家人在一起是再幸福不过了。 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)“我从来没吃过比这更美味的早餐！”妈妈激动地回答道。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) “I have never had a more delicious breakfast than this one！” the mother responded excitedly. (2)You are the most energetic student in our class. ①You are more energetic than any other student in our class. ②You are more energetic than all the other students in our class. ③You are more energetic than any of the other students in our class. 10．独立主格结构 ·独立主格结构可表示谓语动作发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随动作等，在许多情况下相当于一个状语从句或并列句。 ·独立主格结构的构成：n./pron.＋v.­ing/v.­ed/to do/adj./adv./n./介词短语 ·独立主格结构经常与with复合结构互换 (教材原句)During the five­hour trip, they chatted excitedly with each other, their minds full of thoughts about their sweet home. 在五个小时的旅程中，他们彼此兴奋地聊着天，心中想的都是温暖的家。 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)My teacher entered the classroom, an infectious smile spreading (spread) on his face.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) (2)Many wonderful works exhibited (exhibit)on the exhibition，I firmly believe that everyone will definitely have a good time there.(2021·浙江6月卷) (3)我紧张地看着爸爸，我的双腿颤抖着，心狂跳着。(紧张心理描写) ①I looked at my father nervously，my legs trembling and my heart beating wildly．(独立主格结构) ②I looked at my father nervously，with my legs trembling and my heart beating wildly．(with复合结构) 1.It was Li Bai's distinctive writing style as well as rich imagination that made/left a deep impression on readers.(人物描写，2023·全国甲卷) 2．It is a great honour to deliver a speech to share with you my opinions on traditional Chinese customs.(演讲稿) 3．When the girl came to life，an air of delight and excitement settled over the crowd.(情感描写) 4．It's a great privilege for me to represent the teenagers to share our opinions about the protection of the environment.(演讲稿) 5．Then, (with) my heart fluttering with excitement, I attended the award presentation.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) [遮住左栏尝试背诵] 1．正是李白独特的写作风格和丰富的想象力给读者留下了深刻的印象。 2．我非常荣幸地发表演讲，与大家分享我对中国传统习俗的看法。 3．当那个女孩苏醒过来时，人群中弥漫着喜悦和兴奋的气息。 4．我非常荣幸代表青少年分享关于环境保护的观点。 5．然后，我怀着激动的心情参加了颁奖典礼。 题组一　单句语法填空 1．A special low entrance (enter) charge of ￡2 per person is available to all in full­time education.(2022·全国乙卷) 2．It is said that she is currently (current) rated number two in the world. 3．While many like to join package tours for convenience，I prefer to travel on my own. 4．Set aside some time each day to write，even if it is only five minutes. 5．Mr Smith is a great teacher—I really couldn't find a better (good) teacher. 6．The situation on that occasion made it no use quarreling (quarrel) with them about it. 7．His impressive (impress) performance on the stage yesterday left a deep impression on/upon the audience. 8．The headmaster made it clear that she'll make efforts to prevent the school violence from happening again. 9．It is not difficult to sort out the materials as long as time permits. 10．Because of his good performance，he was soon promoted to a higher position in the company. 题组二　多义词汇辨析 1．选出句中observe的词性及含义 A．vt.看到；注意到　B．vt.观察　C．vt.遵守　D．vt.庆祝 ①Readers are required to observe the rules of the library and mind their manners.__C__ ②The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to observing the behaviour of the chimps.__B__ ③Could you tell me how you usually observe Thanksgiving Day in your country？__D__ ④The thief was observed to open the window and run away with a painting.__A__ 2．选出句中promote的词性及含义 ①They discussed how to promote cooperation between the two countries.__C__ ②The manager asked everyone present to put forward ways to promote sales.__A__ ③Congratulations to you！I'm glad to hear that you have been promoted to general manager.__B__ 3．猜测句中加黑词汇的词性和汉语意思 ①The mother showed many toys trying to settle the crying baby down，but in vain.vt.使平静下来 ②Full of anger and sadness，I tore another sheet from my book.vt.撕掉，扯掉 ③An estimated 5，000 people marched through the city to demonstrate against the factory closures.vi.游行示威 (一)应用文写作 [告知信——学生国画作品展] 假定你是李华，昨天你参观了学校举办的学生国画作品展。你的朋友Tom想了解一下，请你给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1．观展感受； 2．推荐观展。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 1．利用本单元所学知识翻译句子 ①我很荣幸有机会参观了学生国画作品展。(it作形式主语) It's a great honour for me to have had the chance to visit the students' Chinese painting show. ②我想向你说明一下有关展览的具体细节。 I would like to represent some detailed information about the show to you. ③有近200幅珍贵的画作在展出。我以前从没看过这么多的画。这些画都出自我们学校的学生。 There are nearly 200 precious drawings on display. I have never seen more paintings before. All the works are created by the students in our school. ④在这些画作中，一些引人注目的唐代壁画(Tang Frescoes)给我留下了深刻的印象。 Among these drawings，some eye­catching Tang Frescoes make/ leave a deep impression on me. ⑤你绝对不要错过这个享受美妙体验的机会。(倒装) On no occasion should you miss this opportunity to enjoy the amazing experience. ⑥如果你方便的话，你可以来欣赏它们。(it作形式主语) If it is convenient to you，you can come and appreciate them. 2．使用恰当的过渡衔接词汇连句成篇 Dear Tom， It's_a great honour for me to have had the chance to visit the students' Chinese painting show. I would like to represent some detailed information about the show to you.To start with，there are nearly 200 precious drawings on display.I have never seen more paintings before.All the works are created by the students in our school.Besides，among these drawings，some eye­catching Tang Frescoes make/leave a deep impression on me. On no occasion should you miss this opportunity to enjoy the amazing experience.If it is convenient to you，you can come and appreciate them. Yours， Li Hua (二)读后续写 [精彩句式7——部分倒装句] 倒装是英语中一个重要的语法知识点，用于表示一定的句子结构或强调句子成分。倒装句的使用丰富了语言表达，让句式更加多样。因此，写作中适当用一些倒装句式会使文章的表达更生动有力，让阅卷老师眼前一亮。 句型公式1：“So＋ adj./adv.＋ be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语＋that从句”如此……以至于…… 句型公式2：“n./adj./adv.＋as/though＋主语＋谓语，主句”尽管…… 句型公式3：“Only＋状语/状语从句＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语＋其他”只有…… 句型公式4：“Not until ＋状语/状语从句＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语＋其他”直到……才…… 句型公式5：Hardly had sb done...when.../No sooner had sb done...than...一……就…… 句型公式6：Not only did...，but (also)．..不但……而且…… 句型公式7：Never＋情态动词/助动词/be动词＋主语＋谓语＋其他 佳句 背诵 1.So proud of Tommy was I that I knew never again would anyone mistake this boy for a bully! 我为汤米感到骄傲，我知道再也不会有人把这个男孩错当成恶霸了！ 2．Afraid as he felt, he still knocked on the door, waiting breathlessly. 尽管他感到害怕，但他仍然敲了敲门，气喘吁吁地等着。 3.Only by daring to try for the first time can we make a breakthrough.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 只有敢于尝试第一次，我们才能取得突破。 4．Hardly had I heard my name when a wave of ecstasy swept over me violently. ＝No sooner had I heard my name than a wave of ecstasy swept over me violently.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 我刚听到我的名字，一阵狂喜就猛烈地席卷了我。 佳句 仿写 1.然而，大卫是如此坚定，他忽略了周围的一切，只是向前看。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) However, so determined was David that he ignored everything around him, only watching forward. 2．尽管他很痛苦，也有点尴尬，但他仍然拖着脚继续前进。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) Painful and a bit embarrassed as/though he was，he still dragged his feet to keep moving forward. 3．只有通过爱和欣赏，我们才能照亮更多的孩子的生活。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) Only with love and appreciation can we brighten more children's lives. 4．我从没有想到我的写作能力能得到这样的认可。(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) Never had I anticipated that my writing competency could receive such recognition． Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Each time Chinese New Year is approaching, preparations are underway around the world.Here are some Chinatowns for those outside of China wishing to mark the day. London Although it may not be as large­ or as long­built as others, having only become a center for the Chinese community during the 1950s, London's Chinatown is perfectly formed little firework that knows how to see in the year with a bang.Decorated with red lanterns, previous years have seen shows with acrobatics (杂技), martial arts (武术)，dance and opera nearby. San Francisco San Francisco's Chinatown is perhaps the most famous in the United States.The city was the main entry­point for Chinese who had crossed the Pacific to the USA during the early 19th century.Between the Grant Avenue and the Stockton Street, this historic area is a local treasure, attracting more visitors per year than the Golden Gate Bridge. Bangkok With an about 100­year­old history, the Thai capital's Chinatown contains complex streets offering all kinds of tasty treats, clothes, toys and antiques.Sunday market days are such a good time to get the full atmosphere of the neighborhood.The area is also known for its gold dealers, whose shops line the road. Mauritius Found in Port Louis, this Mauritian Chinatown shows the island nation's rich multicultural diversity.Established in the early years of the 20th century by settlers from China, its tiny shops and restaurants serve locals and visitors.During the Chinese Spring Festival, the most exciting sight is the Dragon Dances on Rue Royale when Chinese musicians and dancers perform the traditional lion dances through the streets. [语篇解读]这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个外国城市的唐人街为庆祝中国新年所做的一些准备活动。 1．According to the text, which of the following has the longest history? A．London's Chinatown. B．San Francisco's Chinatown. C．Mauritius's Chinatown. D．Bangkok's Chinatown. 解析：选B。推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，伦敦的唐人街开始于20世纪50年代， 旧金山唐人街开始于19世纪早期，曼谷的唐人街有百年历史，毛里求斯的唐人街开始于20世纪。将这些城市唐人街开始的时间作比较，可知，旧金山的唐人街历史最悠久，开始在19世纪早期，故选B。 2．What's special about Bangkok's Chinatown? A．It is crowded with Chinese restaurants. B．It is the major entrance for the Chinese. C．It is well­known for its gold business. D．It is when you can enjoy fireworks. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章第四段的句子“The area is also known for its gold dealers，whose shops line the road.”可知，曼谷的唐人街以黄金生意出名，故选C。 3．If you want to enjoy the Dragon Dances, you can go to ________． A．Rue Royale in Port Louis, Mauritius B．the Sunday market in Bangkok C．the Grant Avenue in San Francisco D．the Chinese community in London 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的句子“During the Chinese Spring Festival，the most exciting sight is the Dragon Dances on Rue Royale when Chinese musicians and dancers perform the traditional Lion dances through the streets.”可知，如果你想欣赏舞龙，你可以去毛里求斯的Rue Royale in Port Louis，故选A。 B Black Friday The day after Thanksgiving is the start of the holiday shopping season.Thanksgiving is always on a Thursday, so the day after is a Friday.This day has come to be known as Black Friday.It has been the busiest shopping day of the year since 2005. Most stores offer great deals on Black Friday.They open their doors in the small hours of the morning.They try to attract shoppers with big discounts.Some items like TVs are much cheaper than usual.Stores may even lose money on these items.They hope that shoppers will buy gifts for other people while they are in the store. Black Friday is a great time to get good deals.The problem is that there are not enough low­priced items to go around.Each store may only have a few.These items are in high demand.People stand in long lines to get such great deals.They may line up hours before a store opens.They may be hoping to get a low price on a TV or laptop, but not everyone who wants one will get one.Some people leave disappointed. The situation can be tense.Some Black Friday events have been violent.Large, eager crowds have trampled workers.Fights have broken out over toys or people cutting in line.People have shot one another over parking spots.But most Black Friday events are safe and fun.Still, if you plan on going, expect large crowds and a bit of pushing and shoving. So where does the name “Black Friday” come from? It was first used in Philadelphia in the 1950s.The police called this day Black Friday because of the heavy traffic it drew.In the 1960s, spread across the country.It seems that it is here to stay. Now people all over the country take part in the event known as Black Friday.It is even spreading to other parts of the world.Stores have held Black Friday events in the U．K., Australia, and Brazil since 2012.In Costa Rica, Black Friday is known as “Viernes Negro”．And in Mexico, stores offer an annual weekend of discounts.They call it “EI Buen Fin”， which means “the good weekend” in Spanish.I guess the language of savings is universal. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了感恩节后的第一天“黑色星期五”，并介绍了那一天的活动情况，以及其名字的历史由来。 4．Why do stores set prices so low on some items that they lose money? A．They want people to enjoy the holidays. B．They are generous at the beginning of the holiday season. C．They hope people will buy other gifts while they are in the store. D．They are trying to get rid of old items. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“They hope that shoppers will buy gifts for other people while they are in the store.”可知，商店把一些商品的价格定得低以至于不惜赔钱的原因是他们希望人们在商店里买其他礼物。故选C。 5．Which best concludes the main idea of the third paragraph? A．People stand in long lines on Black Friday. B．Black Friday is a really disappointing time of the year. C．Black Friday is the best time of the year to get good deals. D．Black Friday deals are limited and not everyone will get one. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句“They may be hoping to get a low price on a TV or laptop, but not everyone who wants one will get one.”可知，黑色星期五的交易是有限的，并不是每个想买的人都能买到的，故选D。 6．Which best describes the overall structure of the fifth paragraph? A．Order of time. B．Problem and solution. C．Order of importance. D．Compare and contrast. 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“It was first used in Philadelphia in the 1950s.”以及最后一句“In the 1960s, spread across the country.It seems that it is here to stay.”可知，第五段的整体结构是按照时间顺序展开的，故选A。 7．Which title best expresses the author's purpose in writing this text? A．Black Friday：Stories from the Parking Lot B．Black Friday：Why You Should Go This Year C．Black Friday：The Stuff That You Should Know D．Black Friday：How to Save Money on the Big Day 解析：选C。主旨大意题。文章主要内容为描述“黑色星期五”活动的具体情况，以及其名字的历史由来，由此可知，文章主要介绍了关于“黑色星期五”你应该知道的一些事情。故选C。 C World Elephant Day is the perfect time to find out more about these amazing animals and what we can do to preserve them so they do not go the way of the mammoth (猛犸象)． World Elephant Day was created in 2012 by Canadian filmmaker Patricia Sims and Thailand's Elephant Reintroduction Foundation and was first celebrated on August 12, 2012.They made the documentary Return to the Forest, a fascinating 30­minute film about the reintroduction of caught Asian elephants to the wild. Currently, the demand for ivory is becoming bigger and bigger, whose price is higher than that of gold, making elephants bigger targets than ever.Habitat loss is also a danger to the world's elephant population as it robs elephants of the hundreds of pounds of food they need every day, making it more difficult for them to breed and making it easier for hunters to track them down.Circuses and tourism are also serious threats to the animals' well­being. The best way to celebrate this day is to take the opportunity to educate yourself about these magnificent (巨大的) mammals and share your knowledge with others.As ever, simply spreading the word about the dangers these magnificent mammals face via social media can actually make a real change.Expose that “training” elephants often involves tying and beating them daily for months on end.If you want to get a bit more involved, you could choose to make a donation to a foundation dedicated to protecting elephants from hunters or relocating them to locations better suited to their needs. Whichever way suits you best, make sure that you spend this day in a way that helps elephants all over the world, so we, in turn, can continue to wonder at them and their uniquely fascinating way of life. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。介绍了国际大象日，号召关注大象的保护问题。 8．What is the main purpose of World Elephant Day? A．To collect donations for elephants. B．To do research on elephants' life. C．To protect the elephants from extinction. D．To make films about all kinds of elephants. 解析：选C。细节理解题。由第一段“World Elephant Day is the perfect time to find out more about these amazing animals and what we can do to preserve them so they do not go the way of the mammoth (猛犸象)．”可知，国际大象日的主要目的是保护大象免于灭绝，选C。 9．Which of the following is the biggest threat to elephants? A．Human beings. B．Severe climate. C．Natural environment. D．Limited food resource. 解析：选A。推理判断题。由第三段内容可知，造成大象数量减少的因素：象牙的需求量、猎人的捕杀、被抓到马戏团以及旅游业，这些都是人类造成的，所以对于大象来说，最大的威胁是人类，选A。 10．What does the author advise doing to celebrate World Elephant Day? A．Watching the elephant shows. B．Making your own films about elephants. C．Appealing to focus on elephant protection. D．Traveling to Thailand to ride trained elephants. 解析：选C。推理判断题。由第四段“The best way to celebrate this day is to take the opportunity to educate yourself about these magnificent (巨大的) mammals and share your knowledge with others.”可知，作者号召在国际大象日那天，关注大象的保护问题，选C。 11．According to the text, which is an appropriate way for us to help protect elephants? A．Supplying enough food for elephants. B．Catching and raising elephants in the cages. C．Contributing to organizations devoted to protecting elephants. D．Attracting elephants to live together with human beings. 解析：选C。推理判断题。由倒数第二段“If you want to get a bit more involved, you could choose to make a donation to a foundation dedicated to protecting elephants from hunters or relocating them to locations better suited to their needs.”可推知，我们可以通过向保护大象的基金会捐款来参与其中，选C。 Ⅱ.七选五 Many people don't take much time for lunch or if they do, they eat at their desks while checking emails.But lunch breaks are more than just a time to eat a meal.Taking lunch breaks can make you more productive and reduce stress.1.________ You may consider spending time in nature.Go outside! Even spending a short time in nature has a positive effect on your mood.2.________ Besides increasing your vitamin D, spending time in nature could help calm and relax you as well as helping to improve your immunity (免疫力)．So go outside and enjoy yourself in the sun. 3．________ A short exercise session will help you meet your fitness goals and give you an energy improvement.If your workplace has a gym or there is one nearby, keep a gym bag in your office so you have no excuse not to go.If not, you can take a walk.Just keep moving! Reading can also be a good choice.4.________ So read a chapter of a good physical book.Not a reader？Listening to something also helps.You can listen to audiobooks to refresh yourself and relax.In short, take time to recharge your batteries for the rest of the day. Eat mindfully.Good nutrition plays an important role in your physical and mental health.Make your lunch count by eating nutritious foods.Make an everyday eating plan for yourself.5.________ But stay away from sugar or caffeine because when the initial energy wears off, it will leave you tired and unproductive. A．You can try a lunchtime workout. B．It makes you learned and less stressed. C．Nothing can take effect better than that. D．Read to find more benefits of lunch breaks. E．So take time to do something good for yourself. F．It will keep your body and brain conscious of careful eating. G．Find a park or other green space nearby and eat your lunch there. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何利用午餐时间让自己保持精力、提高效率。 1．解析：选E。空处为第一段段尾句，根据上文描述的人们通常不花太多时间吃午餐和下文提到的几点做法可知，此处应承接上文并引出下文。E项“因此花时间做些对你自己有益的事吧”承上启下，符合语境。 2．解析：选G。本段主要讲的是“spending time in nature”。空前提到了“Even spending a short time in nature has a positive effect on your mood”，空后提到了这样做的好处，因此空处应该是具体做法。G项“找一个公园或者附近其他绿色的地方在那里吃午饭”，承上启下，符合语境。 3．解析：选A。空处是段落主题句。根据下文的“exercise” “take a walk”可知，本段主要讲了利用午餐时间做运动。A项概括了本段内容， 符合语境。 4．解析：选B。空前提到“Reading can also be a good choice”， 空后提到“So read a chapter of a good physical book”，由此可推知，空处内容应与读书的好处有关。B项“这样能让你学到知识，也能减少压力”符合语境。故选B。 5．解析：选F。上文提到具体做法“Make an everyday eating plan for yourself”，空处应该是这样做的好处。F项“它能帮助你的身体和大脑都意识到要谨慎进食”符合语境且与本段主题呼应。 【二次精读积语料】 核心 单词 A篇 community n．社会(团体)　lantern n．灯笼　opera n．歌剧；歌剧艺术　treasure n．财宝，珍宝　establish v．创建；建立 B篇 discount n．折扣； v．打折　item n．条，条款；项目；一则；一件商品(或物品)　universal adj.普遍(存在)的，全体的；宇宙的，全世界的 C篇 filmmaker n．电影制作者　threat n．构成威胁的人；威胁　via prep.经由，经过；通过 词缀 派生 C篇 reintroduction n．再介绍，再引入；重新放归自然栖息地→introduction n．采用；新引用的事物　uniquely adv.独特地，唯一地，珍奇地→unique adj.唯一的；独特的；特有的 词缀 变形 A篇 multicultural adj.多种文化的→cultural adj.与文化/艺术有关的 diversity n．多样性，多元性→diverse adj.形形色色的；不同的 核心 短语 B篇 in high demand 急需　break out 爆发；突然发生 C篇 track down 追捕到，追查出；追寻；查获 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$