课下主题式素养训练 (10) 选择性必修第一册 UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS(word练习)-【正禾一本通】2025年高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（北师大版2019）

A卷 (时间：50分钟　满分：50分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2.5分，共37.5分)　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A (2024·河北省唐山市高考二模) Rich life experiences have helped make up everything you are today.So just imagine how many valuable experiences your elders can share with you.When you spend time volunteering with seniors，you'll benefit just as much as they do! We've put together some ideas for different ways to lend a hand，or a listening ear to seniors.Remember，simply giving your time and conversation can sometimes mean the most. Visit an assisted living facility One of the most meaningful things you can do for someone in an assisted living facility is share some quality time together.Whether you're going to see a neighbor or loved one，call ahead to plan a time to drop by.Even if your days fill up quickly，just a quick hello can brighten someone's day. Reach out locally Chances are that there are seniors right in your own neighborhood who could use your help. ·Some seniors' health prevents them from getting out.Keep them from feeling lonely by going for a visit or bringing over a meal. ·Offer to do many around­the­house chores for the seniors. Be a companion There are plenty of seniors who could use some company! And there are many programs and organizations that can match you up with the perfect senior friend in your area. ·With the Elder Helpers program，you can sign up to help in ways that fit your interests and skills. ·You can join the Senior Corps program to help older seniors with daily tasks. ·You can also volunteer to help aging seniors through organizations such as the National Council on Aging. Be a skillful talker You can learn from your older friends—many of their experiences may surprise you! But it can often be challenging to know just what to ask in order to start a conversation. ·Discover their passion：Does your friend love to cook? Ask them to share a favorite family recipe.They'll welcome the opportunity to chat about it. ·Discover their skills：Ask your friends about their skills and hobbies—sewing，woodworking，writing.Request that they teach you a thing or two. ·Make some artwork：Turn select pages of your memory book into wall art for their room，so your friend can continuously recall good times. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个招募志愿者做一些和老年人有关的工作，并且志愿者也会有所收获。 1．What does the author intend to do through the text? A．To explain how to make seniors happy. B．To introduce the benefits of volunteering. C．To encourage people to share experiences. D．To give a guide for volunteering with seniors. D　推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When you spend time volunteering with seniors，you'll benefit just as much as they do！”和第二段“We've put together some ideas for different ways to lend a hand，or a listening ear to seniors.”可知，文章是在介绍和老年人有关的志愿者工作的一些想法。 2．How many programs and organizations are mentioned? A．2.　　　B．3.　　　C．4.　　　D．5. B　细节理解题。根据Be a companion部分可知，文中提到了三个组织和项目。 3．What is the “Be a skillful talker” part about? A．How to answer questions. B．How to make up stories. C．How to persuade the seniors. D．How to start a conversation. D　推理判断题。根据Be a skillful talker部分“You can learn from your older friends...in order to start a conversation.”并结合下面三条具体建议可知，该部分主要介绍如何开始和老年人交谈，从哪里开始话题。 B I'm at the salon and my hairdresser Kristi Lauren is talking rubbish.To be precise，what she tells me is pretty dumbfounding，that is，exactly how much waste her salon recycles：last year it was 1.25 tonnes.Everything from hair to shampoo bottles is recycled in innovative ways.Her waste is collected by Waste Free Systems，a social enterprise. Lauren explains the problem，“Our colour tubes are boxed，and they can have a paper ingredient (成分) list as well as the plastic cover and the metal tube.All our product bottles.Then there's all that cut hair，and the unused colour that would normally be washed down the sink.” Waste Free Systems charges a fee for collecting the waste，and money raised by selling recycled materials goes to charities.Lauren，who runs an eight­chair salon，says，“It's a small price to pay.It ends up being just about $2 per client—we call it a green tax.” Paul Frasca is the co­founder of Sustainable Salons，a similar service which now works with almost 1，000 hairdressing salons and beauty salons across Australia and New Zealand.Frasca says many salons are now using their green programs actively as a marketing strategy.“The environmentally aware consumer is now the most important customer on the market.So it doesn't just make environmental sense.” Both programs are researching new ways to redirect waste.Waste Free Systems is using hair to provide nutrients for plants，while Sustainable Salons makes hair products for cleaning up oil leakage.Sustainable Salons has partnered with Dresden Vision to turn plastic shampoo bottles into frames(框架)for eyeglasses.Waste Free Systems has experimented with turning plastic bottles into 3D printing material. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了现在有些美发沙龙正在开展一种环保的活动，所有用过的东西都以创新的方式回收利用。 4．What does the underlined word “dumbfounding” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Astonishing. B．Encouraging. C．Unreliable. D．Practical. A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的内容“that is，exactly how much waste her salon recycles：last year it was 1.25 tonnes”可知，一个美发沙龙能够回收利用这么多的废物是一件让人惊讶的事情，由此可推知dumbfounding意为“令人惊讶的”。故选A项。 5．What does Frasca mean by his words in Paragraph 4? A．Running a sustainable salon meets market demands. B．Green programs should be independent of marketing. C．There is room for improvement for Sustainable Salons. D．It is difficult to raise consumers' environmental awareness. A　推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句话可知，他认为这个活动不仅具有环保意义，而且能够吸引顾客，也能符合市场的需求。故选A项。 6．What does the last paragraph mainly focus on? A．Benefits of using green salon products. B．Innovative ways of salon waste treatment. C．Alternatives to plastic bottles used in salons. D．Effects of technology on the beauty industry. B　段落大意题。根据最后一段第一句话以及后面列举了几个利用废物的新方法可知，这段主要关注的是沙龙废物处理的创新方法。故选B项。 7．From which is the text probably taken? A．A news story. B．An official report. C．A research paper. D．A fashion advertisement. A　文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了现在有些美发沙龙正在开展一种环保的活动，所有用过的东西都以创新的方式回收利用。这种方式具有环保意义，而且还能够吸引环保人士。所以这篇文章最有可能是出自新闻报道。故选A项。 C (2024·汕头市第二次模拟) In Jakarta，apart from the narrow，unpaved road，the two­meter­high concrete coastal wall is the only thing that separates Susan's small restaurant from the sea.Her family depends on that wall.Growing up here，Susan used to play on the beach in front of her house.But by the 2000s the beach had disappeared，and the sea frequently flooded the neighborhood. In 2002，the government built the coastal wall，to give the residents peace of mind and time—a respite (暂缓) from the steady sinking of the land under the city and the steady rising of the sea.But just five years later，in 2007，the wall proved no match for the worst floods in Jakarta's modern history. Jakarta is now sinking at a truly alarming rate—a rate that varies around the city but is up to 11 inches a year in the northern areas.About 40 percent of Jakarta is below sea level.By comparison，climate change is raising sea level by only less than an inch a year.But sinking land and rising sea both point toward the same outcome：regular flooding in Jakarta.“Jakarta is the center of administration，economy，culture，and entertainment.Over the years Jakarta has grown into a big city with no environmental support system.” says Andy，a lecturer at the University of Indonesia.Ultimately that's why it is sinking today. The situation is one reason the government announced that the nation's capital would be moved away to a new city to be built on Borneo，which is now forest.But local communities aren't so happy with the plan.They fear the project would destroy their land，forest，and livelihoods.In Jakarta，on the other hand，those who welcome the decision argues that it will ease Jakarta's burdens of crowding and pollution. But as the government leaves the sinking capital，what is to become of the 10 million people like Susan who still live there? 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了雅加达面临土地不断下沉和海平面不断上升的问题，介绍了政府准备采取的措施和影响。 8．What is the function of the coastal wall? A．To prevent the land from sinking. B．To keep the residents from floods. C．To stop the steady rising of the sea. D．To restore the beach for the residents. B　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句和第二段第一句可推知，海堤的作用是让居民免受洪水侵袭。 9．What can we learn about the floods from Paragraph 3? A．The floods were caused by nature and humans. B．Climate change is the primary cause of the floods. C．The rise of the sea level is the outcome of regular flooding. D．The economic development has a great impact on the floods. A　推理判断题。根据第三段可推知，我们可以知道洪水是由自然和人为造成的。 10．What can be learned from the passage about Jakarta? A．It is no longer the nation's capital now. B．It is an underdeveloped city with a large population. C．Its residents suffer a lot from the plan of the government. D．Its measures to protect the environment are far from satisfactory. D　细节理解题。根据第四段前两句可知，雅加达保护环境的迁都措施远不能令人满意。 11．What is the author's attitude to the plan of the government? A．Intolerant. B．Supportive. C．Worried. D．Indifferent. C　观点态度题。根据最后一段中“But as the government leaves the sinking capital，what is to become of the 10 million people like Susan who still live there？”可推知，作者对于政府的迁都计划感到担忧。 D (2023·辽宁省县级重点高中联合体二模) Curiosity is key to learning.In fact，studies show that，when we're curious about a subject，we are much more likely to remember information we learned about that subject.If you're an educational professional or are considering earning a teaching degree and entering the classroom，knowing how to enlighten students' curiosity can help you improve learning outcomes. Curiosity most often begins with “why”．Why does natural gas burn blue? Why is blue spelled blue and not blew? Why does the wind blow? If you want to fire up your students' curiosity，you need to encourage them to ask and try to answer questions.That means you should avoid giving tedious lectures where you explain everything.Instead，try designing your classes so that you're posing questions.And be sure to leave openings for students to participate and ask questions about what they're learning. Not every question your students ask will be a question you expect.But all questions prove a curious mind，so don't dismiss questions that don't fit with your lesson.Instead，leave unstructured time in class to address unexpected questions，or establish a system whereby unexpected questions can be “stored” for later，like on a whiteboard or in an online document. In addition to making room for unexpected questions，you should also make room for students' exploration of their questions.If you give your students enough time to discuss questions，their curiosity is certainly to expand. Curiosity is a fuel.It drives us to try to figure things out and，finally，to learn.So make sure you give your students time for reflection after every class.Ask them to create a quick piece of art to reflect what they've learned.Not only does this kind of reflection aid in learning，it can also teach students to make curiosity a constantly present part of their lives. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了好奇心的重要性及激发学生好奇心的方法。 12．Why is curiosity vital to study according to the text? A．It improves students' memory. B．It helps gain a better learning result. C．It assists teachers in encouraging students. D．It promotes the understanding of each other. B　推理判断题。根据第一段第一、二句可知，好奇心可以帮助我们更好地记住所学的内容，由此可推知，好奇心有助于获得更好的学习结果。 13．What does the underlined word “tedious” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Dull. B．Considerable. C．Essential. D．Popular. A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的定语从句“where you explain everything(讲座中你要解释一切)”和后文“Instead，try designing your classes...questions about what they're learning.”可知，应该避免冗长乏味的讲座，故画线词的意思应为“冗长乏味的”。 14．How can a teacher expand students' curiosity? A．By asking as many questions as possible. B．By encouraging students to ask unexpected questions. C．By offering students sufficient time to discuss questions. D．By dismissing the questions that don't fit with the lesson. C　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，如果给学生足够的时间讨论问题，那将激发他们的好奇心。 15．What is this text mainly about? A．Definition of curiosity. B．Significance of imagination. C．Ways of making classes educative. D．Methods for enlightening curiosity. D　主旨大意题。根据第一段及全文可知，文章主要介绍了好奇心的重要性及激发学生好奇心的方法。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2024·潍坊市高三3月核心素养测评) Have you ever wondered why most people prefer to book accommodations that have a great view from the balcony? Frank Lloyd Wright says，“Study Nature，love Nature，stay close to Nature.1(____)．” It's no secret that closing to nature is good for creative minds.Scientists agree that being in nature restores exhausted attention circuits，which can then help us be more open to creativity and problem­solving.2(____)：As part of her daily writing routine，bestseller author J．K.Rowling would take a morning walk to small streams nearby before eventually returning to work.I would argue that this habit isn't just a habit but an intentional，necessary element of her creative process.Actually，unique ideas come from the contact with nature. Forest bathing is a common form of relaxation and medicine in Japan.It was developed in 1982，and recent studies demonstrate that being in the forest and walking among the trees lower your stress levels.The effects are so powerful that forest bathing is now a government­supported policy in Japan.3(____)．Just a walk in the woods on a sunny morning also improves your wellbeing. 4(____)! In a series of experiments published in 2021，researchers at the University of California，Berkeley，studied the potential impact of nature on the willingness to be generous，trusting，and helpful toward others.After being exposed to the more beautiful nature scenes，participants acted more generously and more trusting in the games than those who saw less beautiful scenes，and the effects appeared to be due to corresponding increases in positive emotion. A walk in nature walks the soul back home.5(____)? Turn off your phone and give yourself the chance to be present in the world，to hear conversations and natural sounds，to notice the way people move，the way the sun reflects in a puddle. A．It will never fail you B．A famous­person example C．We can find the answer easily D．What's a good chance to get to nature E．So why not engage more closely with nature F．Interestingly，nature may help you to be kind G．But you don't have to live near a forest to receive the psychological benefits 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了走进自然对人的好处，以及呼吁大家更亲近自然。 1．A　根据前文“Study Nature，love Nature，stay close to Nature.”可知，此处是引用名人的话，所以空处应是对前文下结论，所以A项“It will never fail you”符合语境，其中It代指前文提到的Nature。故选A。 2．B　根据前文“Scientists agree that being ... to creativity and problem­solving.”以及后文“As part of her daily ...before eventually returning to work.”可知，空前是本段的结论，空后是通过举例来证明，故选B。 3．G　根据前文“The effects are so powerful that forest bathing is now a government­supported policy in Japan.”以及后文“Just a walk in the woods on a sunny morning also improves your wellbeing.”可知，本段在讲述森林浴的好处，但结尾时只说在树林里散步也能改善你的健康，所以中间有转折，故选G。 4．F　空处位于段首，应是本段的中心句。根据后文可知，本段主要讲述了自然会使人表现得更慷慨、更加友好。故选F。 5．E　根据前文“A walk in nature walks the soul back home.”以及后文“Turn off your phone and...the way the sun reflects in a puddle.”可知，此处是在呼吁大家走进自然中去，故选E。 B卷 (时间：60分钟　满分：60分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题，每小题2.5分，共20分)　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A (2023·湘潭一模) It was a week after my mom had passed away and I didn't know how to go on with life.So when I received an email from a friend about a race benefiting cancer research，I ignored it.It seemed to prick my heart，as cancer was the disease that had taken my mother away from me. But something about my friend's words—“I can help organize the whole thing”—stuck with me.I felt obliged(有义务的)to agree.In the weeks to come，I managed to re­enter the world of the living.I checked our team's website daily，feeling proud each time a donation ticked up our total.I knew my mom would have wanted it that way.She was the type who never got defeated.It was this very spirit that helped me get by. When the race ended，I noticed the runners all had one thing in common：There were big smiles on their faces.They made it look so rewarding and effortless.I wanted in. So I enrolled in another race two months later.Considering I could barely run a mile，it was ambitious.But my friend and I made a training plan so I wouldn't come in last.I followed it religiously and didn't let anything get in my way. Running up and down the city's hills，I was flooded with memories.I had lived there after college and my mother had visited often.I passed Bloomingdale's，recalling the time she and I had gotten into a screaming argument there. I was about to beat myself up when I remembered what Mom had said after her diagnosis of cancer.“I don't want you to feel guilty about anything.” Her paper­thin hands had held me tightly.A weight lifted from my shoulders. When the race day arrived，I gave it my all for my mom and for all she had taught me and continued to teach me.As I ran，whenever I felt like slowing down，I pictured her cheering me on.Crossing the finish line，I was filled with her love and a sense of peace. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者母亲去世之后，作者对母亲的回忆及母亲赐予作者的力量，使他能够从悲伤中走出来，积极面对生活。 1．Why did the author ignore the email in the beginning? A．She felt it hard to finish the race. B．She had no time to join in the event. C．She thought the research meaningless. D．She was reminded of her mother's death. D　细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句“It seemed...away from me.”可知，这个比赛使作者想起了因癌症过世的母亲。故选D项。 2．What mainly helped the author recover from her mom's death? A．The company of her friends. B．The inspiration from her mom. C．The pleasure in going for a run. D．The success in organizing an event. B　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“She was the type...me get by.”可知，母亲永不言败的精神支撑作者从悲伤中恢复过来。故选B项。 3．Which of the words can best describe the author's mom? A．Considerate and polite. B．Brave and humorous. C．Strong­willed and caring. D．Outgoing and patient. C　推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“She was the type who never got defeated.”可知，作者的母亲意志力坚强，并结合第六段第二句“I don't want you to feel guilty about anything.”可知，母亲关心爱护作者。所以作者的母亲是一个意志坚强又体贴的人。故选C项。 4．What might be the best title for the passage? A．How I Got Healed in Running B．The Loss of Sweet Memories C．What Matters Most in Running D．The Rewards of Great Friendship A　标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段“As I ran...and a sense of peace.”并结合上文作者对母亲的回忆可知，母亲治愈了作者，正是母亲的鼓励，他才能完成比赛。故A项最适合作文章标题。故选A项。 B (2023·辽宁省县级重点高中联合体二模) Wild animals are human's friends，an important part of the natural ecosystem，and valuable natural resources endowed(赋予)by nature. Indian elephants，a subspecies of Asian elephants，have been considered endangered since 1986.There are only an estimated 20，000 to 25，000 Indian elephants left in the wild，and the global population is believed to be decreasing. Habitat loss is widely considered a direct threat to Indian elephants.Recent economic growth and subsequent increased development in Asia are the main causes of this habitat loss.From expanding human settlements and mining to converting land to plantations and infrastructure(基础建设)，many activities can block migratory elephant routes and drive them into smaller sub­populations.When animals are forced into smaller pockets of populations，they risk losing genetic diversity and have a higher chance of dying from disease and natural disasters. In India，elephants have faced a 70% population decline over the last 60 years.When accounting for climate change projections，scientists predict that the elephant population in the country could lose over 40% of its habitat by 2070. As elephants lose their habitats to human settlements and development，interactions between humans and elephants also rise.Elephant populations，especially those living outside of protected areas，wander into agricultural lands in search of food and cause crop or property loss.Even worse，these impacts may cause farmers and residents to retaliate against the elephants if they believe their assets are in danger.Poison or other deadly methods have been used. Although countries like India，Vietnam，and Myanmar have completely banned the capture of wild elephants for any purpose，illegal hunting still happens in those and other nations where Indian elephants live. Countries around the world are taking action to protect Indian elephants.In parts of Myanmar，teams of rangers work to protect and co­manage wild elephant populations with the Wildlife Conservation Society.They use the Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool(SMART)，a geographic information systems­based software to systematically collect，manage，analyze，and report data collected from forests.With SMART，park managers can deploy rangers strategically in hotpots for illegal hunting or other illegal activities，manage efforts，and organize resources. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了印度象濒临灭绝，各国正在积极采取措施保护印度象。 5．What is the immediate cause of the decline of Indian elephant's number? A．The growth of economy. B．The loss of their habitat. C．The change of the climate. D．The increase of illegal hunting. B　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Habitat loss is widely considered a direct threat to Indian elephants.”可知，印度象数量下降的直接原因是它们栖息地的丧失。 6．What do the figures in Paragraph 4 show? A．The main change of ecosystem. B．The main features of Indian elephants. C．The problems caused by Indian elephants. D．The severity of Indian elephants' situation. D　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推断，作者用数据表明印度象处境艰难。 7．How does the SMART work? A．By completely preventing hunting. B．By collecting and reporting data collected from forests. C．By founding the Wildlife Conservation Society. D．By counting the population of wildlife. B　细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句可知，SMART是一种软件，通过收集和报告从森林中收集的数据来工作的。 8．What's the purpose of this text? A．To advertise for Indian elephants. B．To attract tourists to watch Indian elephants. C．To appeal to people to protect Indian elephants. D．To introduce Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool. C　写作目的题。根据最后一段第一句“Countries around the world are taking action to protect Indian elephants.”及全文可知，这篇文章的目的是呼吁大家保护印度象。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) (2024·河北省衡水中学高三下学期调考) How to Increase Your Levels of Optimism The way in which you achieve your goals，face challenges，and overcome failures depends largely on your levels of optimism.Not everyone sees life in the same way.1(____) Change your negative thoughts.Your mind takes in negative memories and makes them bigger and more significant than they really are.2(____) The next step is to reduce them by comparing them to related or similar memories that are more pleasant.In this way，you gradually change them and select new thoughts.This requires a learning process that'll take some time to practice.However，with patience，you'll achieve the desired results. Express gratitude.When you face a challenge，it's advisable to figure out what's going well.By taking the time to do this，you allow yourself to register the positive aspects that you experience.To help your brain store these positive events，you should take time each week to analyze what you should be grateful for.3(____) Repeat positive affirmations(肯定)．One key element for increasing your levels of optimism that you get with previous two steps is positive affirmations.In fact，these messages that you repeat to yourself most regularly are the ones that you believe in and that determine your vision of life.4(____) You can start with one or two affirmations that represent the values you want to live by and the goals you want to achieve.For example，tell yourself “Every day I'm improving” or “I'm living my best moment”.5(____) Furthermore，it'll make you stronger in the face of them and you'll maintain your optimism. A．People tend to hold the same attitude towards life. B．However，you can always train your mind to generate or maintain optimism. C．They must be repeated with strong belief and be a constant in your daily life. D．First you should figure out what matters in your life and focus on positive messages. E．Therefore，every time you have negative thoughts，analyze and view them more objectively. F．The next step is to let your loved ones know that you love them and you're grateful to them. G．The repetition of phrases similar to these will allow your mind to interpret negative events differently. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。 文章介绍了“如何提高你的乐观程度”的一些方法。 1．B　前文“The way in which you achieve your goals，face challenges，and overcome failures depends largely on your levels of optimism.Not everyone sees life in the same way.”说明了成功与否取决于你的乐观态度，但是每个人对待生活的态度不一样。B项与前文意义一致，符合语境。且下文就如何保持乐观给出了具体的建议。故选B。 2．E　本段主题句“Change your negative thoughts.”强调了改变消极想法的重要性；空前句“Your mind takes in negative memories and makes them bigger and more significant than they really are.”说明了消极的记忆其实没有那么大、那么重要。E项与前文构成因果逻辑关系，说明了分析消极想法的重要性，符合语境。故选E。 3．F　本段主题句“Express gratitude.”强调了表达感激的重要性。F项提出了感激，且自然顺承了前文“To help your brain store these positive events，you should take time each week to analyze what you should be grateful for.”，即要先分析出要感激的对象，然后再去感激。故选F。 4．C　本段主题句“Repeat positive affirmations(肯定)．”强调了重复积极的肯定的重要性。C项说明了积极的重复的具体做法，且C项中They指代前文中“positive affirmations”和“these messages”。故选C。 5．G　前文“For example，tell yourself ‘Every day I'm improving’ or ‘I'm living my best moment’．”给出了积极肯定的一些具体例子。G项是对该做法的好处的总结，且G项中these指代前文中给到的例子“‘Every day I'm improving’ or ‘I'm living my best moment’．”。故选G。 Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) (2024·合肥市第二次教学质量检测) My son Darcy，10，begged“No more needles”， tears rolling down his cheeks.Seeing him so __1__broke my heart.Darcy had surgery and the needle would provide a blood transfusion(输血)．It looked like the __2__ was successful，but Darcy only got sicker. Darcy often asked，“Mom，when can I see my __3__？”“Soon，sweetie，” I'd reply.But with a weak immune (免疫的) system，it was __4__ for him to return to school.At first，my words seemed __5__ but as the months passed，I watched as Darcy became __6__．While he was in hospital，his friends were enjoying their lives without him.I could __7__ he was giving up. I consulted the school about __8__ Darcy's education in the hope of creating more __9__ for him and I got the reply “If he's well enough”．At that point，I wondered if this had happened to thousands of kids around the country.__10__， a year later，Darcy got better enough to go back to school! One day，I talked with some friends，who had __11__ kids too.We all agreed that there should be a way to keep them in the classroom __12__ with their mates，even if they can't __13__ be there.Later，we got to know some sort of robot，which could just __14__ the need.I then became a fundraiser and finally launched a national pilot program.A mother's pure love now __15__ to all children. 语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者的儿子Darcy因生病而无法到校学习，因无法和伙伴在一起心情低落。后来，作者和朋友发现了某种可以帮助无法到校的孩子与同学建立联系的机器人，于是作者发起了一个试点项目来帮助更多的儿童。 1． A．embarrassed B．upset C．rigid D．confused B　根据上文中的“begged‘No more needles’，tears rolling down his cheeks”并结合选项可以看出，Darcy感到很沮丧(upset)。 2． A．procedure B．project C．medicine D．experiment A　根据上文中的“Darcy had surgery”和下文中的转折部分“but Darcy only got sicker”可以推测，Darcy的手术(procedure)似乎是成功的，但他的病情却加重了。此处考查procedure的熟词生义，意为“手术”。 3． A．doctors B．cousins C．classmates D．pets C　根据下文中的“it was ____for him to return to school”可以推测，Darcy询问作者什么时候可以返校去见自己的同班同学(classmates)。 4． A．natural B．necessary C．practical D．risky D　根据上文中的“with a weak immune(免疫的)system”和常识可知，Darcy免疫力低下，因此，这个时候返校见同学肯定是有风险的(risky)。 5． A．supportive B．misleading C．awkward D．familiar A　根据上文可知，当Darcy询问作者什么时候可以返校去见自己的同学时，作者说很快。结合常识和下文中的“but as the months passed，I watched as Darcy became ____．While he was...he was giving up.”可以推测，起初作者的话是有帮助的(supportive)。 6． A．convinced B．withdrawn C．determined D．mean B　根据下文中的“he was giving up”和常识可以推测，由于长时间无法和自己的同学在一起，Darcy变得沉默寡言(withdrawn)。 7． A．sense B．promise C．argue D．question A　根据下文可知，作者询问学校什么时候可以让Darcy返校。据此可以推测，作者察觉到(sense)了Darcy的情绪低落，想要让他早日和同学相聚。 8． A．reforming B．promoting C．assessing D．continuing D　根据下文中的“I got the reply‘If he's well enough’”可知，作者向学校询问Darcy什么时候可以返校继续(continuing)学业。 9． A．excuses B．connections C．images D．rights B　根据上文可知，Darcy因为很久不能返校而变得沉默寡言，因此，作者询问学校的意图在于希望Darcy能和同学们建立更多联系(connections)。 10．A．Admittedly B．Similarly C．Thankfully D．Generally C　根据常识和语境可知，一年后Darcy病情好转，可以返校了，这应该会让作者感到很欣慰、很感激(thankfully)。 11．A．spoiled B．adopted C．sick D．difficult C　根据空后的“kids too”可知，此处讲到的孩子应该和Darcy的情况类似。结合上文可知，空处的修饰词应为“生病的(sick)”。 12．A．socializing B．competing C．struggling D．quarreling A　根据上文可知，当Darcy生病的时候，作者试图找到一种让他和同学们保持联系的方式，因此空处为“交友，交际(socializing)”。 13．A．willingly B．secretly C．physically D．casually C　结合上文中作者讲到的Darcy的情况可知，作者希望孩子哪怕无法到校也可以和同伴保持联系，故此处用physically，表示“哪怕他们不能亲自出现在学校里”。 14．A．stand up for B．break away from C．come up with D．fit in with D　根据下文叙述可知，此处讲的应是作者和朋友们找到了符合(fit in with)这个需求的办法。 15．A．occurs B．extends C．appeals D．belongs B　根据上文的故事和“finally launched a national pilot program”可知，作者本想要帮助儿子解决无法到校时的社交需求，最后演变成了一个国家试点项目。由此可见，一个母亲纯粹的爱现在延伸到(extends)了所有的孩子。 Ⅳ.语法填空(共10个空，每空1.5分，共15分) (2024·南京市第二次模拟) China National Traditional Orchestra(管弦乐队) launched its youth theater group in Beijing on Sunday.At the opening，centering around“Bringing Chinese stories to the world”，the group's new productions and touring plans for this year 1______ (announce)． In January，the orchestra，QFunTheater and Guangzhou Opera House co­produced a children's play Ben Cao Gang Mu.From this cooperation，the orchestra and QFunTheater decided to create a youth theater group，2________ (aim) to integrate traditional Chinese music with theater and tell Chinese stories 3________ the angle of children and teenagers. The young members of the newly 4________ (establish) theater group performed Ben Cao Gang Mu at the event，as well as the poetry recital A Spring Morning and choir singing Looking for the Moon.“Art can help children open up their curiosity and 5________(imagine)．I hope there will be a place where children's creativity can be 6________(true) inspired and exercised.That is 7________ we decided to establish this youth theater group，”said Zhao Cong，head of the orchestra.This year，the theater group plans to launch 8________ international tour to bring Ben Cao Gang Mu to the world.The group's new 9________ (origin) play The Book of Odes，combining traditional Chinese music and magic tricks，will also be produced later this year.Now all the members 10________ (prepare) hard for their play. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了在北京成立的中央民族乐团附属少年剧团的宗旨、活动、成立的原因以及巡演计划等。 1．were announced　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据语境，尤其根据上文的launched和on Sunday可知，此处描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时；主语“the group's new productions and touring plans”与announce之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；且主语为复数。故填were announced。 2．aiming　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作非谓语。句子主语the orchestra and QFunTheater与aim之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用动词­ing形式作状语，故填aiming。 3．from　考查介词。from the angle of...意为“从……的角度”，为固定搭配，故填from。 4．established　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作非谓语，修饰theater group。theater group与establish之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，并根据句中的newly可知，该剧团已经成立，故用过去分词作定语。故填established。 5．imagination　考查词性转换。根据空前的“curiosity and”可知，此处是并列连词and连接两个并列名词作宾语，故填imagination。 6．truly　考查词性转换。在where引导的定语从句中，该空修饰谓语动词，应用副词形式，故填truly。 7．why　考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句。根据上文内容可推知，此处应指“那就是我们决定建立该少年剧团的原因”，故填why。 8．an　考查冠词。tour为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词；international的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 9．original　考查词性转换。句中new和空处作定语修饰play，故用origin的形容词形式original。故填original。 10．are preparing/have been preparing　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Now可知，此处应用现在进行时；此处也可理解为动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，且还可能持续下去，强调一直在做准备，也可用现在完成进行时，主语为复数。故填are preparing/have been preparing。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$