课下主题式素养训练 (5) 必修第二册 UNIT 5 HUMANS AND NATURE(word练习)-【正禾一本通】2025年高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（北师大版2019）

A卷 (时间：50分钟　满分：50分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2.5分，共37.5分) A (2024·沈阳市教学质量监测) Office Assistant—The Green Army Pty Ltd Our client is one of the fastest growing solar renewable energy companies in Australia. Please attach a letter as to why you feel you are suited to this role. What we're offering： ·Full training ·Ongoing support About you： ·Passion ·Teamwork ·Excellent communication skills If this sounds like you and you are keen to be part of a great team，then hit the APPLY button now. Sales Assistants—Surge Direct Pty Ltd We are Australia's fastest growing sales company! What we're offering： ·Wonderful working environment and a genuine，young，family­like culture. ·Sightseeing on us—places you've never heard of with the best team! About you： ·18＋ ·Permanent Australian resident https：//www.visionxpromotions.com.au/ Animal Attendant—Imparra Pet Motel Imparra Pet Motel is a family owned and operated pet boarding facility for dogs and cats. About you： ·Profession ·Sympathy ·Responsibility ·Availability—365 days a year Experience working in a Pet Motel or an animal related business is an advantage，but not a necessity. We are sorry，but due to the high number of applications，only suitable applicants will be contacted.Please do not call our office regarding this job advertisement. Applications must be submitted via our website www.imparra.com.au/links/employment.html Administrative Assistant—Results Legal Results Legal is a highly respected law firm based in Brisbane City. About you： ·Ambition ·Optimism ·Perseverance Someone with a minimum of 3 years left to study would be ideal. You may just be starting your career in administration or you may be a university student，who is looking to expand your legal skills and experience in a professional work environment while studying. Click the Employment Opportunities link on our Contact Us page. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个招聘岗位及相关要求。 1．What bonus can a sales assistant in Surge Direct Pty Ltd get? A．Full training. B．Ongoing support. C．Free travelling. D．Boarding facilities. C　细节理解题。根据Sales Assistants—Surge Direct Pty Ltd部分“Sightseeing on us—places you've never heard of with the best team！”可知，Surge Direct Pty Ltd的销售助理可以获得免费旅行的福利。故选C。 2．What can we learn about the applicants of the Animal Attendant? A．Applicants are allowed to contact Imparra for more information. B．Applicants should attach the recent pictures to their applications. C．Applicants with experience working in a Pet Motel is a necessity. D．Applicants have to work outside their usual hours when required. D　推理判断题。根据Animal Attendant—Imparra Pet Motel部分“Availability—365 days a year(可工作时间——每年365天)”可推知，如有需要，申请人必须在正常工作时间以外工作。故选D。 3．Which company is most likely to hire a law student? A．The Green Army Pty Ltd. B．Surge Direct Pty Ltd. C．Imparra Pet Motel. D．Results Legal. D　细节理解题。根据Administrative Assistant—Results Legal部分“You may just be starting your career... while studying.”可知，Results Legal最有可能雇用法律系学生。故选D。 B (2024·山东省淄博市高三一模) My husband and I always wanted to go to the Caribbean but didn't know much about the islands or how we were going to afford it.By chance，a friend of ours in Australia mentioned “pet sitting” and that it is something you can do all over the world. We quickly created an account on a pet sitting website and began searching for options.There were only a couple of sits available in that part of the world，but we tried our luck，sent a request，and to our surprise landed a three­month job in Grenada，so our year was going to be taken up with Caribbean pet sits. Inspired by a Canadian couple，we decided to start our own travel blog.We began by writing about The Virgin Islands，highlighting the beautiful beaches.However，for every photo album of a beautiful beach，there were 10 photos of trash (垃圾).It was hard to ignore the plastic pollution issue，especially on such primitive and remote beaches.So，we began to share photos of the trash we saw and how much we could pick up on our daily dog walks. The more we looked into plastic pollution，the more we realized the severity of the global plastic pollution.From that point，we used our platform to create awareness and highlight ways to say no to plastic and travel plastic­free.We changed our daily routines，our way of living，and even our diets to accommodate more organic foods and little to no plastic packaging. It's been over three years now and we continue to do what we can.This journey has led us to some amazing places，working with great brands and even organizing a country­wide beach clean­up campaign in Grenada. Our aim now is to keep on going.We love connecting with like­minded people.It's been amazing few years that was sparked by a conversation about pet sitting.Who would have guessed? 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为一次宠物看护工作，去了一个很美丽的小岛，但是却被塑料所污染，所以作者把看到的垃圾分享到微博上，希望唤起人们的环保意识，之后作者一直致力于环境保护工作。 4．Why did the author do pet sitting? A．To raise fund. B．To protect the environment. C．To cover travel expenses. D．To shoot beautiful beaches. C　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，作者做“照顾宠物”的工作是为了支付自己和丈夫去加勒比的费用。故选C。 5．What does the author intend to convey through her story? A．Pet sitting is a new type of occupation. B．The Caribbean is an ideal travel destination. C．Travel blog is a superb way to gain popularity. D．Action should be taken to fight plastic pollution. D　推理判断题。根据第三段和第四段的“The more we looked into plastic pollution，the more we realized the severity of the global plastic pollution.”可推知，作者想通过自己的故事告诉读者必须采取措施应对垃圾污染。 故选D。 6．How did the author find her experience in the Caribbean? A．Significant. B．Challenging. C．Adventurous. D．Dreadful. A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，作者的那次旅行不仅让她意识到了塑料垃圾污染的重要性，还通过自己的行动影响了很多人。由此可推知，她认为自己的加勒比的经历是非常重要的。故选A。 7．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A．Changing Lifestyles by Pet Sitting B．Unexpected Gains from Pet Sitting Travel C．Dealing with Global Environment Pollution D．The Availability of Pet Sitting in the Caribbean B　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者因为一次宠物看护工作，去了一个很美丽的小岛，但是却被塑料所污染，所以作者把看到的垃圾分享到微博上，希望唤起人们的环保意识，之后作者一直致力于环境保护工作。B项“照顾宠物旅行的意外收获”可以作本文的最佳标题。故选B。 C (2024·山东省高三上适应性联考) While many animal populations seem to dwindle，one species that is moving in the opposite direction of such loss is America's native wildlife—wood stork. The wood stork is the only stork that breeds in North America.In 1984，it was declared an endangered species after its population decreased sharply to just 5，000 mating pairs.At the time，scientists predicted that the bird would become completely extinct by 2000.Today，it numbers 10，000 mating pairs，and the Fish and Wildlife Service is proposing a delisting of the wood stork as an endangered species.So how did the population bounce back? The success is in part down to the resourcefulness of the wood stork.The wood stork's native home was in the Everglades in Florida，but it migrated north as the Everglades were being destroyed by development of mankind.Wetland preservation and restoration，protection of nesting areas，and management of water flows began with the approval of the wood stork's first recovery plan in 1986.In the following year，former Savannah Coastal Refuges biologist John Robinette noticed stork nests in Georgia as stork populations moved to safer wetlands. According to Stephanie Kurose，a senior policy specialist at the Centre for Biological Diversity，the Endangered Species Act is also to thank for this recovery.She said，“The act saved the wood stork and it helped preserve and rebuild vital habitats throughout the southeast，which has improved water quality and benefited countless other species who call the area home.”The Endangered Species Act has saved 99 per cent of the species that were on the list since 1973.A hundred types of plants and animals have been delisted as their populations become stable again. If the wood stork is delisted，it will remain protected by other laws and a monitoring plan will be put in place to ensure the population remains stable. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了林鹳数量增长，从濒危物种名单中除名，并介绍了林鹳数量增长的原因。 8．What does the underlined word “dwindle” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Boost. B．Change. C．Decline. D．Explode. C　词义猜测题。根据画线词后“one species that is moving in the opposite direction of such loss is America's native wildlife—wood stork”和第二段中“Today，it numbers 10，000 mating pairs...as an endangered species.”可知，林鹳数量增长，与很多动物相反，故画线词所在句意为“虽然许多动物的数量似乎在减少”，dwindle意为“减少”，故选C。 9．What can we learn about the wood stork in Paragraph 2? A．Its population shows a rising trend. B．It has become completely extinct. C．It is widely distributed worldwide. D．It is the most endangered species. A　细节理解题。根据第二段中“In 1984，it was declared an endangered species...as an endangered species.”可知，林鹳的数量呈增长趋势，故选A。 10．What threatened the population of the wood stork? A．Climate change of Earth. B．Popularity of water sports. C．Impact of human activities. D．Arrival of other wild animals. C　细节理解题。根据第三段中“The wood stork's native home...by development of mankind.”可知，人类活动的影响威胁着林鹳的数量，故选C。 11．What is a direct result of the Endangered Species Act? A．People have safer water to drink. B．A list of species have been saved. C．The local economy has boomed. D．The wood stork has flown away. B　细节理解题。根据第四段中“The Endangered Species Act...as their populations become stable again.”可知，《濒危物种法》的直接影响是它拯救了很多濒危物种，故选B。 D (2024·石家庄高中教学质量检测) While the rest of us are sleeping，freshwater turtles (龟) from Central America to Asia are getting out of the water and basking at night.There have been reports of this behavior before，but now a new study is the first to document the widespread occurrence.The findings suggest this may be a common and almost entirely overlooked aspect of many species' ecology. Dr.Donald T．McKnight，one of the researchers，said he and a colleague first observed freshwater turtles night basking at the Ross River in Townsville，Australia.“We think it's related to temperature.The water is staying so warm at night that it's actually warmer than the turtles like it to be and they can cool down by coming out of the water，”says McKnight. For the study，researchers put cameras to watch the night activity of as many freshwater turtle species as possible.The cameras were set up in 25 locations.They were programmed to take a photo every two minutes.They collected data on 29 species of freshwater turtles. It would be lovely to think the turtles are just enjoying some leisure time when things are quiet.But the researchers noted that in most cases，the turtles got out of water when the water was too warm and the air was cooler.Given the warming planet，that's admittedly a bit depressing.However，not all of the nighttime baskers were escaping too­warm water.According to the study，turtles in India exhibited more basking on cooler nights，rather than warmer nights，and those in Africa spent more time basking at night in winter than in summer.The reasons for these differences are unclear.It may be that at some sites or seasons，turtles are escaping unfavourably warm water temperatures，while at others，they are taking advantage of the warm air to increase their body temperature and escape unfavourably cold water. Regardless of the “why”behind different species' reasons for midnight basking，it's a fascinating look at behaviors not previously documented by scientists.And it is at least encouraging to know that turtles are figuring out important behaviors tied to climate change. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现：淡水龟进行月光浴是因为水温变化。 12．Why do the freshwater turtles from Australia get out of water at night? A．To search for extra food. B．To avoid natural enemies. C．To cool themselves down. D．To enjoy the quietness outside. C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“We think it's related to temperature ...coming out of the water”可知，澳大利亚的淡水龟进行月光浴与温度有关，海水在夜间非常温暖，实际上比淡水龟喜欢的温度要高，它们可以通过离开水面来降温，即澳大利亚的淡水龟晚上游出水是为了给自己降温，故选C。 13．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．How the study was conducted. B．What the study brought about. C．Why the study was carried out. D．Where the study was made. A　段落大意题。第三段提到在这项研究中，研究人员安装了摄像机以观察尽可能多的淡水龟物种的夜间活动，摄像机被设置在25个地点并被设定为每两分钟拍一张照片，共收集了29种淡水龟的数据。由此可知，本段主要介绍了该项研究是如何进行的，故选A。 14．Which of the following are the researchers certain about? A．Turtles in Africa flee water often on summer nights. B．The water is unfavorable for turtles to survive in India. C．The reasons for turtles different behaviors are obvious. D．Night basking is caused by the change of water temperature. D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“But the researchers noted that in most cases，the turtles got out of water when the water was too warm and the air was cooler.”可知，研究人员注意到，在大多数情况下，当水温过高、空气较冷的时候，龟就会离开水。由此可知，研究人员能够确定的是月光浴是由水温的变化引起的，故选D。 15．How does the author feel about the finding? A．Skeptical.　 B．Positive. C．Surprised.　 D．Desperate. B　观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，不管不同物种在午夜月光浴背后的原因是什么，这是对科学家以前没有记录的行为的一个有趣的观察。知道龟与气候变化有关的重要行为至少是令人鼓舞的。由此可推知，作者对研究的发现持积极的态度，故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2023·南平二模) How to Say Anything Could you use some advice？Or has something big happened？Our tips can help you say anything to your parents. Pick the right time.You need your parents' full attention in order to have a good talk.Try not to bring up something when it's past your bedtime or when your parent is in a rush.1( ) Your parents want to know what's on your mind，so ask them to make time for you. Go slowly.What you need to say probably isn't simple，so don't try to get it all out in one breath.Give your parents the details they need to make a decision before you start trying to bargain with them.Besides，another thing is also of great importance.2( ) Listen to them，and they'll listen to you. Be honest.Your parents will respond better if you believe that you're telling the truth and not trying to avoid blame.Take responsibility for your part in getting into trouble or earning a bad grade.3( ) Things get worse the longer you wait. Try，try again.When you fly off the handle，your parents have a hard time seeing your point of view.If you're angry or frustrated，take a break from the conversation.Excuse yourself，and go somewhere to cool off.4( ) Be brave.5( ) But your parents almost always can help you solve a problem or answer a big question，and you'll almost always feel better afterward.Talk to your parents.You'll be glad you did. A．If you've done something wrong，admit it. B．After all，details determine success or failure. C．Remember that conversation is about giving and taking. D．If your parents are occupied，make an “appointment”． E．Your conversation will be reduced to a terrible quarrel. F．Gather your thoughts and try talking to your parents again. G．You might have a question for long before you get up the courage to let it out. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何开口和父母说你想说的话，并且给出了一些建议。 1．D　上文“Try not to bring up...in a rush.”说明找到合适的谈话时间。下文“Your parents...make time for you.”提到请求父母给出时间。故可推断空格处内容为如果父母忙的话，就提前约定时间。选项D符合此推断，上下文语意连贯，起承上启下的作用。故选D项。 2．C　根据下文“Listen to them，and they'll listen to you.”说明和父母谈话是相互的。选项C和上文内容相关，是上文内容的递进。故选C项。 3．A　根据该段标题Be honest.以及上文“Take responsibility...earning a bad grade.”可知，讲的是关于诚实的问题，要正视自己的错误。下文为“Things get worse the longer you wait.”。故可推断空格处内容为如果做错了什么就及时地承认。选项A承上启下，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。 4．F　由该空位于此段的句尾可知，该空为总结该段内容或与上文内容相关。上文“When you fly ...and go somewhere to cool off.”可知，讲的是调整好自己的情绪。选项F与上文意思一致，为该段内容的总结。故选F项。 5．G　该段标题Be brave.提到勇气。下文“But your parents...feel better afterward.”讲的是父母可以帮助你解决问题。选项G为上下文语意的衔接，起承上启下的作用。故选G项。 B卷 (时间：60分钟　满分：60分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题，每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2024·山东省聊城市高三一模) When it comes to making lunch for their kids，moms and dads have usual favorites.For some parents in the US，those favorites are peanut butter and jelly sandwiches—also known as PB&Js.Fruit like apples and bananas are also popular. But one mother has an unusual go­to ingredient for her children's lunches.Jenny Mollen uses funny­looking candy eyes.She has learned that her children will eat any healthy food if it has edible eyeballs attached.The “eyeballs” are really pieces of candy. Her children laugh while they eat healthy foods like bell peppers，kiwis，or dates.Mollen says candy “eyes” make lunch more fun. “Honestly，first of all，just buy yourself some candy googly eyes.They are tried­and­true，” she said.She admits that “you lose something nutritionally” by giving children candy.But she thinks that getting children to eat healthy food by putting candy on it is worth it. Mollen's lunch tricks bring together food and craft.She uses tricks because her two sons hate to eat different kinds of foods.So，she decorates their food to resemble animals or even their favorite Pokémon characters.She makes edible “bugs” made from dates，pretzel sticks for the legs，and，of course，candy “eyes”．She also uses leftover Chinese food to make panda bears from rice and seaweed. Mollen says her lunch projects are easy to do.And her sons think they have won a big prize at their midday meal.Mollen says making fun­looking，artful lunches for her children helps ease her guilt as she is a working mom.Her artful lunches are her way of reminding her children that she is thinking of them. Mollen says she also wants to teach them healthy eating habits.She says that by getting kids to eat vegetables at a young age，they will grow up to eat healthy foods later in life.She also says it is a good way to get children to try foods from other cultures.If they need to be “tricked” sometimes，that is okay. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位妈妈为了使孩子吃到营养均衡的午餐，变着花样为孩子们准备午餐的故事。 1．What's the purpose of Mollen's lunch projects? A．To make her children's day. B．To remind people to save food. C．To persuade other parents to follow suit. D．To ensure her children's healthy diet. D　推理判断题。根据第四段中“She admits that... by putting candy on it is worth it.”可知，莫伦的午餐项目的目的是确保孩子们的健康饮食。故选D。 2．What is typical of Mollen's lunch? A．It contains all kinds of food. B．It is comprised of candy. C．It combines art and nutrition. D．It is full of Chinese styles. C　细节理解题。根据第五段“Mollen's lunch tricks bring together food and craft...their favorite Pokémon characters.”可知，莫伦午餐的特点是艺术与营养相结合。故选C。 3．How have Mollen's lunch projects affected her children? A．They have taken to their fun­looking lunches. B．They have broaden their knowledge of food. C．They have bonded with their favorite animals. D．They have swept to victory in the meal competitions. A　细节理解题。根据第六段第二句可知，莫伦的儿子吃到妈妈做的午餐认为就像中奖一样，表现出对午餐的期待和喜爱。故选A。 4．What are the last two paragraphs mainly about? A．Mollen's plans for cooking lunches. B．The benefits of Mollen's lunch tricks. C．Mollen's expectations of her children. D．The culture elements in Mollen's lunch. B　段落大意题。根据倒数第二段“Mollen says making fun­looking，artful lunches for her children helps ease her guilt as she is a working mom.”以及最后一段“She says that by getting kids to eat vegetables at a young age，they will grow up to eat healthy foods later in life.” 可知，最后两段主要是讲述莫伦的花样午餐对她自己及孩子的好处。故选B。 B (2024·长沙市长郡中学二模) This 3­mile stretch of sand and tide pools beneath a castle of 80­foot cliffs is a California tourism poster if there ever was one.Nothing disturbs the perfect，sunny view，except—once you're aware of them—microplastic particles (颗粒).But you have to look close­on­your­hands­and­knees close­to see one.And once you do，you see another and another—so many that you may not think of this，or any beach，the same way again.These tiny preproduction plastic balls that manufacturers (生产商) melt down to form everything have been escaping factories，container ships，trains，trucks—and public notice—for decades. The 2­ to 3­millimeter，multicolored balls are a subset (子集) of microplastic—plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in size.Microplastic particles accumulate where water takes them，and they've been found on shorelines of every continent. Dr McReynolds is an environmental scientist who's now joined a global movement studying their trail into the environment.Establishing a baseline count of the presence of microplastic particles—and，more broadly，any microplastics—is the focus of Dr McReynolds' scientific study here.Charting the count，noting tide，current，and weather conditions will show if amounts are increasing，and perhaps at what rate and why.That knowledge，he says，can inform solutions to plastic pollution such as regulation of their use. “What are you doing? Picking up trash？” asks a steady stream of beach walkers whenever Dr McReynolds' crew walks onto the beach and sets up equipment.These are teachable moments for Dr McReynolds. One recent morning he told some beach walkers how microplastic particles are believed to absorb toxic chemicals，and—because they resemble fish eggs—are eaten by fish and birds and enter the food chain.Almost right on time，a seagull hopped up to a plastic­coated photo of microplastic particles and hungrily pecked (啄食) at it. Will his work help save the world? Dr McReynolds waves a finger at that idea，“I won't ever use that word—I won't save the world from this pollution problem.Preserve it，yes.We want to take care of it.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一位环境科学家研究微塑料颗粒在海滩上造成塑料污染问题的情况。 5．What do we know about microplastic particles from Paragraph 1? A．They are too small to be seen. B．They have been ignored for long. C．They are products of plastic balls. D．They can be made into almost everything. B　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可推知，人们长期以来一直忽视这种微塑料颗粒的存在，故选B。 6．What does Dr McReynolds focus on in his study? A．Classifying plastic particles into subsets. B．Finding solutions to plastic pollution. C．Charting the tides and currents of oceans. D．Creating a data collection for microplastics. D　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，在研究中，他主要是建立一个微塑料颗粒存在的基线计数，这是他的研究重点。故选D。 7．What does a seagull's pecking at the picture prove? A．The interesting teachable moments. B．The spread of poisonous chemicals. C．The harmful effect of microplastic particles. D．The beauty of the photo of microplastic particles. C　推理判断题。根据第五段可知，微塑料颗粒会吸收有毒化学物质，被鱼或鸟吃掉，然后进入食物链，当他正在讲解这种微塑料的危害的时候，正好一只海鸥飞向照片，并且用嘴啄起来，这说明了这种微塑料颗粒的危害性。故选C。 8．What does Dr McReynolds expect of his work? A．To save the world. B．To protect the earth. C．To educate the public. D．To provide solutions. B　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，这位科学家希望能够保护地球，故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) (2024·河南省信阳市高三上学期一模) Are you trying to figure out what to write about for your college application essay? To help you get started in the essay writing process，here are a few suggestions that can help you work through it. Identify key themes you want to convey. Are there two or three things you want to make sure the readers of your application know about? In answering this question，go beyond the obvious.Don't just repeat information that can be found elsewhere in your application.1( ) Reflect on your most memorable life experiences. 2( ) A group of students just returned from a two­week tour of Europe with great pictures and wonderful stories.Two years from now，when they begin writing their college applications，they should reflect less on where they went and what they saw，but reflect more on how some aspects of the experience shaped them. 3( ) You might rack your brain all day trying to come up with clever ideas，but the best stuff emerges in those misty，subconscious moments just before you sleep! Push back the sleep long enough to write down your new inspirations immediately. Reveal—don't tell. It is best not to recite the facts of your life directly.4( ) Not long ago，a college professor told college applicants that US colleges value diversity of thought in their classrooms.The application essay is your opportunity to reveal that element of diversity that can be found uniquely within you. Read a lot! Quite often，essay writers are limited in their ability to understand their place in the world in which they live.Break out of that shell by reading news stories and editorials.5( ) Biographies are also great sources! I have found increasing inspiration from the life stories of people who have risen from relative obscurity(默默无闻) to make significant contributions as thinkers and doers. A．How have they shaped you? B．How can you overcome them? C．Correct the mistakes again and again. D．Better yet，read books that make you think. E．Keep a pen or pencil and paper beside your bed. F．Instead，take the readers to understand you between the lines. G．Take the opportunity to provide the most important messages. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了帮你完成大学申请的一些建议。 1．G　根据本段的主题句Identify key themes you want to convey.可知，本段讲述的是大学申请要明确自己想表达的关键主题，结合空前的“Don't just repeat information that can be found elsewhere in your application.”可知，此处指出不要只是重复一些信息，由此可知，空前提到了不要做什么，所以空处应为该如何做，G选项中的messages与空前的information内容相关。 2．A　根据空后的“Two years from now...the experience shaped them.”可知，在写大学申请时，要回顾这些经历在某些方面是如何塑造他们的，A选项讲述的内容与空后列举的事例吻合，其中的shaped you与空后的shaped them内容相关，且与本段的主题Reflect on your most memorable life experiences.讲述的回顾难忘的生活经历一致。 3．E　考查主题句，与其他段落的主题句同样为祈使句。根据空后的“You might rack your brain... before you sleep！”可知，一些聪明的想法会出现在睡觉前的一些模糊意识时刻，结合“Push back the sleep long enough to write down your new inspirations immediately.”可知，出现灵感的时候尽快写下来，E选项建议在床边准备好纸和笔，为祈使句，且与空后的“以便出现灵感后马上写下来”相吻合。 4．F　根据本段的主题句Reveal—don't tell.可知，本段建议有些内容可以透露而不是直接说出来，根据空前的“It is best not to recite the facts of your life directly.”可知，建议不要直接列举一些事实，由此可推知，此空应讲述该如何去做，F选项让读者字里行间理解你的信息，与主题吻合，Instead为解题关键信息，与空前的内容为转折关系，符合语境。 5．D　根据空前的“Break out of that shell by reading news stories and editorials.”以及本段的主题句Read a lot！可知，本段建议多阅读，D选项建议多读一些让你思考的书，与本段的主题一致，且进一步来阐述读书的类型，与空前的内容衔接。 Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) (2024·衡水中学第五次综合素养测评) Growing up，I was fortunate to have dinner with my family almost every day.Sometimes，the family dinner circle 1 to include relatives stopping by.Yet，I knew some friends whose parents got home after dinner or even 2 the entire evening.So I 3 the quality time around our kitchen table，which witnessed countless valuable 4 in my life. 5 ，my kids cannot relate to my childhood memories.They have been left to 6 with babysitters more times than I would like to admit.My husband and I have 7 careers.And we often end up staying at the office way past dinnertime.When this happens too often，it 8 the balance of our family. Apart from suffering from 9 ，what else can a hardworking family do? I think we can all try to 10 our own ways to spend time together.Surely there are days when I'm too busy to share a meal with my family.But I would make efforts to 11 and chat later that day， 12 setting aside cellphones every time.And I even find a bedtime reading with my kids much 13 ．I am also proud to have our “big breakfast” routine every Saturday.My husband serves as the head chef，and my younger son 14 him to make the breakfast. I am aware that my sons are growing up quickly and will be out of the 15 someday.But now，I am happy to have so many wonderful things on my plate. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章围绕“共享亲子时光”这一话题展开，体现亲情的可贵。作者感慨，总有一天儿子会长大并且离开家。 1． A．widened B．formed C．lessened D．closed A　根据后文“to include relatives stopping by”可知，家里的餐桌会扩大，以容纳这些来访的亲戚。故选A。 2． A．missed B．avoided C．enjoyed D．recorded A　根据空前“parents got home after dinner or even”可知，此处和前文形成递进关系。即父母会在晚饭时间之后回家，甚至是错过一整个晚上。故选 A。 3． A．wasted B．treasured C．limited D．calculated B　根据前文“I knew some friends whose parents got home after dinner or even the entire evening”可知，因此，作者十分珍惜餐桌旁的亲子时光。故选B。 4． A．shows B．dishes C．recipes D．moments D　根据空前的“quality time”可知，餐桌旁见证了我人生中无数珍贵的瞬间。故选D。 5． A．However B．Otherwise C．Therefore D．Besides A　根据空前“kitchen table，which witnessed countless valuable in my life”与空后“They have been left to with babysitters”可知，作者小时候可以和父母共进晚餐，但是作者的孩子只能和保姆一起吃晚餐。因此此处与上文形成转折关系。故选A。 6． A．sleep B．dine C．study D．play B　根据空格前后“They have been left to with babysitters more times than I would like to admit.”可知，全文围绕“一家人共进晚餐”这个话题展开，所以这里指“吃饭”。故选B。 7． A．suitable B．flexible C．satisfying D．demanding D　根据设空前的内容可知，作者和丈夫无法陪孩子共进晚餐与空后“we often end up staying at the office way past dinnertime”可知，作者和丈夫有着要求很高的工作。故选D。 8． A．maintains B．disturbs C．improves D．strikes B　根据空前内容“And we often end up staying at the office way past dinnertime.When this happens too often”可知，当父母总是无法陪孩子用餐时，就会打乱家中的平衡。故选B。 9． A．fear B．anger C．guilt D．hunger C　根据前文“They have been left to with babysitters more times than I would like to admit.”可知，作者因不能与孩子共进晚餐而感到愧疚。故选C。 10．A．predict B．create C．evaluate D．accept B　根据后文“chat”、“bedtime reading”和“‘big breakfast’ routine every Saturday”可知，作者是在创造自己的方式与孩子度过亲子时光。故选B。 11．A．work out B．calm down C．hold on D．catch up D　根据空前“there are days when I'm too busy to share a meal with my family”可知，有时候作者无法和家人一起用餐，所以作者会努力去弥补失去的亲子时光。故选D。 12．A．unwillingly B．casually C．consciously D．carelessly C　根据空前“I would make efforts to and chat later”可知，作者会有意识地收起手机，避免外界的干扰。故选C。 13．A．louder B．shorter C．simpler D．sweeter D　根据前文“when I'm too busy to share a meal with my family”可知，这让作者认为与孩子的睡前阅读时光更加的宝贵。故选D。 14．A．assists B．guides C．allows D．orders A　根据空前内容“My husband serves as the head chef”可知，作者的丈夫作为主厨，儿子辅助父亲完成早餐。故选A。 15．A．office B．kitchen C．house D．park C　根据空前“I am aware that my sons are growing up quickly”和空后的“I am happy to have so many wonderful things on my plate”可知，文章围绕“共享亲子时光”这一话题展开，体现亲情的可贵。最后一段作者感慨，总有一天儿子会长大并且离开家。故选C。 Ⅳ.语法填空(共10个空，每空1.5分，共15分) (2024·湖南省高三九校联盟第二次联考) Hangzhou will build a world­class ecological and cultural tourism corridor in connection with Anhui Province's Huangshan City.Five towns in Hangzhou's Chun'an County and five towns in Huangshan's Shexian County 1 (include) according to the prepared plan.In ancient times，they were part of Huizhou region where the Xin'an River runs through.Dating back to the Tang Dynasty，a trail 2 (link)Hangzhou's Tianmu Mountain and Huangshan's Yellow Mountain was formed to exchange goods 3 the two regions. Over the years，Hangzhou and Huangshan 4 (preserve) their unique architecture and local ways of life in old villages，making this area popular with tourists.The villages have resisted the winds of change 5 swept across many other parts of China.In addition to architecture，also，the natural environment is being protected，with sewage(污水) 6 (treat) and new infrastructure being built. These improvements are attracting more tourists and creating 7 engine for the local economy.Moreover，for those who love hiking，jogging or cycling，the Thousand Islands Lake in Chun'an County is an ideal destination 8 it boasts 1，078 islands，winding roads and charming villages. In 9 (add)，Hangzhou will also increase forest coverage along the river in partnership with Huangshan，which perfectly matches the concept of “Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets” to highlight a 10 (harmony) relationship between ecological protection and economic development. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了杭州准备搭建一条沟通它与安徽黄山市的生态文化长廊，以及打造它的历史和现实意义。 1．are included　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语；根据句意可知，表示客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语是“Five towns in Hangzhou's Chun'an County and five towns in Huangshan's Shexian County”为复数，且与include之间为被动关系，主语为复数，故填are included。 2．linking　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语“was formed”，此处应为非谓语动词，作定语修饰名词trail，并与其之间为主动关系，故填linking。 3．between　考查介词。根据句意可知，表达“在两地之间”交换货物，应用介词between。故填between。 4．have preserved/have been preserving　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“Over the years”可知，应用现在完成时；结合句意可知，也可用现在完成进行时，表示动作一直持续进行，主语为复数，故填have preserved/have been preserving。 5．that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，“ swept across many other parts of China”为定语从句，修饰先行词“the winds of change”，故填 that/which。 6．being treated　考查动词的语态。根据and并结合句意可知，本空与“being built”为并列关系，表示“正在被处理”。故填being treated。 7．an　考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处表示创造“一个”推动力，且engine的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 8．as/because/since/for　考查连词。根据句意可知，此处引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”。故填as/because/since/for。 9．addition　考查词性转换。in addition意为“此外”。故填addition。 10．harmonious　考查词性转换。分析句子可知，此处应为形容词作定语修饰名词relationship，故填harmonious。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$