语法系列三 板块4 第10讲 特殊句式(word教参)-【正禾一本通】2025年高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（北师大版2019）

第十讲　特殊句式 特殊句式一般包括祈使句、感叹句、强调句和倒装句，它们在语序、成分、意义上与简单句的五种基本句式有较大的差异。具体特殊句式结构及其用法如下： 考点一　祈使句 祈使句用来表示说话人的请求、命令、建议、劝告等。祈使句的主语一般为第二人称(通常省略)，有时也可用everybody、someone、anybody等不定代词。 1．Work hard，and you will make progress in English. 努力学习，你就会在英语上取得进步。 2．Never answer the phone while driving. 绝不要在开车时接电话。 3．Let Tom go there himself. 让汤姆自己去那里。 考点二　感叹句 句式结构 (1)What＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！ (2)What＋adj.＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！ (1)How＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！ (2)How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！ (3)How＋主语＋谓语！ 1.I was surprised by her words，which made me recognize what silly mistakes I had made. 我被她的话惊到了，这使得我意识到我犯了多么愚蠢的错误。 2．How interesting a story it is! ＝What an interesting story it is! 这是一个多么有趣的故事啊！ 考点三　强调句 1．如果需要强调谓语，应用助动词“do/does/did＋动词原形”形式。该结构只用于肯定句，并且只有一般现在时和一般过去时。 I do hope to receive your early reply. 我真的希望早日收到你的回复。 Do remember to lock the door when you leave the office. 你离开办公室的时候，一定要记得锁门。 2．强调句型的基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他。该句型可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、状语等进行强调。对not until的强调用It is/was not until...＋that＋其他 Despite the freezing weather outside，my heart warmed up.It was on the day that I learned the value of responsibility. 尽管外面天气寒冷，我的心却暖和起来。就是在那一天，我懂得了责任的价值。 I think it was my determination and efforts that contributed to my success in the contest.我认为是我的决心和努力促成了我在比赛中的成功。 It was not until yesterday that I was told that he was ill in hospital. 直到昨天我才得知他生病住院了。 考点四　倒装句 (一)部分倒装 1．将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有never、seldom、rarely、little、few、at no time、by no means、no longer、hardly/scarcely...when...、no sooner...than...、not only...but (also)．..、not until、nowhere、neither...nor...等。 Not until I lost my job did I realize I should improve my working skills.直到我失业了，我才意识到我应该提高我的工作技能。 2．“only＋状语”置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。 Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.当莉莉走进办公室的时候，她才意识到她把合同忘在家里了。 3．so/such...that...结构中的so、such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。 So touching did the song sound that I couldn't hold my tears back when I heard it for the first time.这首歌听起来太感人了，以至于我第一次听到它时就忍不住流下了眼泪。 4．表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”(so表示肯定意义，neither/nor表示否定意义)。 None of us were familiar with planting，and nor did we know how to use gardening tools. 我们都不熟悉种植，也不知道如何使用园艺工具。 Tom can speak French.So can Jack． 汤姆会说法语。杰克也会。 5．as引导让步状语从句时，状语从句必须用部分倒装；though引导让步状语从句时，从句可部分倒装，也可不倒装。 Tough as/though it is，we have achieved inspiring progress. 尽管很难，我们还是取得了鼓舞人心的进步。 (二)完全倒装 here、there、now、then、out、in、up、down、away、on the wall、in the room等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首，且句子主语为名词时，句子用完全倒装。 1．The Public Square is an eye－catching sight of the city.There stand many stone sculptures of famous historical figures. 大众广场是这个城市引人注目的景点，许多历史名人的石雕像矗立在那里。 2．Here are some suggestions，which I hope will be of benefit to you. 下面是一些建议，希望能对你有所帮助。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 语法链接写作 1．感叹句 典例：多么有意义的一次经历啊！(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) What a meaningful experience it was! 运用：这是一场多么精彩的中国画展啊！(2021·浙江6月卷) What a fantastic Chinese panting show it is! 2．祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句 典例：我正要放弃的时候老师对我喊：“坚持，你会成功的。”(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷) I was about to give up when my teacher shouted at me，“Keep up，and you will make it.” 运用：相信自己，你一定能成功。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) Believe in yourself and you are bound to make it. 3．强调句 典例：正是海洋提供我们呼吸的大部分氧气，因此它们常被称为“地球之肺”。(2022·全国甲卷书面表达) It is oceans that provide most of the oxygen we breathe，so they are often called“the lungs of the planet”． 运用：在我把钱交给父母之后，我才意识到成长的意义。(2021·浙江6月卷读后续写) It was after I handed my parents the cash that I realized the meaning of growing up. 4．“only＋状语”位于句首的倒装句 典例：众所周知，只有通过努力训练我们才能在比赛时表现出色。 As is known to all，only by practicing hard can we perform well in the match. 运用：只有通过说和听，你才能不断地练习，只有把你所学的运用起来，你才能尽快地掌握汉语。 Only by speaking and listening can you keep practicing it and only by putting what you have learnt into use can you master Chinese as quickly as possible. 5．倒装句(so＋adj.＋be＋sb/sth＋that从句) 典例：面包是如此的诱人，熊朝面包的方向跑去。 So appealing was the bread that the bear ran to the direction where it was. 运用：伯纳德(Bernard)是如此开心以至于他给了约翰(John)一个大大的拥抱。 So happy was Bernard that he gave John a big hug. 6．全部倒装 典例：我的爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车旁边，他们看起来既悲伤又焦虑。(2021·浙江6月卷读后续写) Beside the old truck stood my dad and mom，looking sad and anxious. 运用：后院有两只在草坪上快乐打滚(tumble)的狗狗。 In the backyard were two happy dogs tumbling about on the grassland. 7．not only...but also...(倒装) 典例：它不仅丰富了我们的学校生活，也激发了我们学好英语的热情。 Not only does it enrich our school life but it also motivates our passion to learn English well. 运用：这次活动将不仅提高我们对污水处理的认识，也会提高我们的环保意识。 Not only will this activity enhance our knowledge of wastewater treatment,_but also raise our awareness of environmental protection. 8．as/though引导倒装句 典例：他虽然是个孩子，却懂得很多。 Child as he is，he knows a lot. 运用：尽管我很惊慌，但我试图整理思绪，试图用尽可能简洁的方式解释当时的情况。 Panicked as/though I was，I attempted to collect my thoughts, trying to explain the situation in the way as concise as possible. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$