选择性必修第一册 UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS(ppt课件)-【正禾一本通】2025年高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（北师大版2019）

正禾一本通 一轮总复习 多媒体课件 英语（人教版） 一轮总复习 多媒体课件 英语（北师大版） 正禾一本通 选择性必修第一册 UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS 主题语境：人与社会 子话题：人际关系 04 03 02 晨背——分类式教材梳理 01 目录/CONTENTS 05 课前——自主式语基落实 课堂——学案式要点突破 随堂——层级式夯基提能 课下——主题式素养训练 word练习单独成册 课堂——学案式要点突破 grateful 1 adj.感激的，感谢的(gratitude n．感激) 核心单词 重难突破 —— 系统掌握 归纳提升一遍过 to gratitude We will be grateful if We'd appreciate it if lack 2 vt.缺乏；n.缺乏；短缺(lacking adj.不足的；缺乏的) lacking For lack of confidence and experience Lacking confidence and experience As she lacked confidence and experience access 3 n.进入；接触的机会；通道；机会，权利　vt.进入；获取(数据)(accessible adj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的) to accessible access gain access to the best Chinese culture upset 4 adj.烦恼的，心烦意乱的　vt.(upset，upset，upsetting)使生气，使心烦意乱 to hear Upset and helpless What upset me was that It upset me that ashamed 5 adj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的(shame n．羞愧；让人遗憾的事　shameful adj.可耻的　shameless adj.无耻的) of shameful was so ashamed that So ashamed was I that demanding 6 adj.要求严格的；费力的(demand vi.&vt.强烈要求；需要　n．要求；需求) in demanding to be (should) clean up the kitchen manner 7 n.方式，方法；态度(pl.)礼貌 in manners It's good manners to bring a gift you should also pay attention to your table manners associate 8 vt.联想；联系(associated adj.有联系的　association n．协会；关联；交往) associated with with associate with smoking in association with smoking delay 9 vi.&vt.推迟；延期(做某事)；耽搁　n．延误；耽搁(的时间)；推迟 telling delayed rushed out of the house without any delay belong 10 vi.应在(某处)；适应(belongings n．财产；所有物) belonging belongings that I feel a sense of belonging approval 11 n.赞许；同意；批准(approve v．赞成；同意；批准；认可　disapprove v．不赞成；反对　approving adj.赞许的；许可的　approvingly adv.赞许地) approving approvingly approval Now that you have approved of my idea for the first time 1 初次，第一次 短语句式　学以致用 —— 精讲精练 应用提升全通关 in time At one time for the first time at no time should you lose heart on behalf of 2 代表 On behalf of the Students' Union Representing the Students' Union take up 3 占据；接受；开始从事；继续；占据(时间或空间) take in take up taken on take up his position as chairman 句型公式： 4 if only后的虚拟条件句 were If only I had lived in his times If only I had not been constantly distracted in class I am devoted to my studies can I keep up with 句型公式： 5 否定副词位于句首引起的部分倒装 Rarely have I found him impatient with his children No sooner had I got the chance to explain than In no case can we give up our dreams Never will our oceans be protected without the meaningful cooperation of all the countries. 句型公式： 6 find＋宾语＋宾语补足语 preparing beneficial and necessary to human beings found it delightful to prepare breakfast for 随堂——层级式夯基提能 层级一 过基础——教材核心知识精准练 to have motivation trying educational depressed pouring taking demanding belonging highlights motivation gratitude intention n.体育比赛，运动会 vt.增加；加强 vt.控制，操纵 vi.屈从 C A D B D A B C looked around them in disappointment so desperate was I that I felt as if I were thrown into a world of darkness found it worthwhile to help /helping the old man drag his cart I'm grateful to you and I'm writing to express my sincere gratitude for your timely help Paper cutting belonging to traditional art in China has a history of over 1，500 years Never will I forget 层级二 过能力——满分写作技能提升练 There are many respectable people around us. For me, the most respectable person around me is my English teacher, Mr.Smith, who is outgoing, passionate and humorous． The first day I attended his class, his humorous language made a deep impression on/ upon me. He often asked many small questions to make sure that every student could get involved. As soon as he found someone distracted，he would ask him a question to remind him to concentrate. Barely did he punish students, but we made great progress with his help. If only I could meet another teacher like him in the future！ Upon hearing what he said dropped everything dialed rushed Judging from Cynthia's physical condition suspected It was obvious that his face pale Without thinking twice, Julia set out to help them/set about helping them/got down to helping them. while talking to the boy gently to calm him down 返回目录 (1)be grateful to sb for sth　　　 因某事而感激某人 be grateful that... 感激…… I would be grateful if you could do... 如果你能做……，我将不胜感激 (2)with gratitude 感激地　 练透——单句语法填空/一句多译 ①In order to arouse our awareness of being grateful our parents, our school held an activity last weekend. ②I am writing to convey my heartfelt (grateful) for what you have done for me. ③如果您能接受我们的邀请，并在节目中给我们宝贵的建议，我们将不胜感激。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷应用文) a. you could accept our invitation and give us invaluable advice in the show.(grateful) b． ou could accept our invitation and give us invaluable advice in the show.(appreciate) (1)(a) lack of　　　　 缺少…… for/through lack of 因缺少…… (2)be lacking in 在……方面缺乏　　 练透——单句语法填空/一句多译 ①Though (lack) cooking experience，the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) ②由于缺乏自信和经验，简完全不知道该如何应付这可怕的情况。(读后续写之情感描写) a． , Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.(介词短语) b． , Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.(分词作状语) c． , Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.(原因状语从句) (1)have/get/obtain/gain access to 拥有……的机会；可以接近/进入 (2)be accessible to 可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的　　 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ① As cities balloon with growth, access nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) ②Our school stadium is to us students, and we can get easy to it when taking exercise. (access) ③鉴于你对中国文化很感兴趣，我建议你申请北京大学，在那里你可以接触到最好的中国文化。(应用文之建议信) Considering your keen interest in Chinese culture，I suggest you apply for Peking University，where you can ． 【点拨】　access前通常不加冠词，且access和accessible短语中的to是介词。 (1)be upset about/over/at sth 　　为某事心烦 be upset to do sth 对做某事感到不安 (2)What upsets sb is... 让某人心烦的是…… It upsets sb to do sth/that... 做某事让人心烦/让某人心烦的是……　　 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子/句型转换 ①We are upset (hear) that you are suffering from a serious illness and I sincerely hope you will recover soon. ②既沮丧又无助，我静静地站着，泪水顺着脸颊流淌。(读后续写之悲伤心理描写) ，I stood silently，tears rolling down my cheeks. ③I was upset that my partner came down with a serious illness and was admitted to hospital.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) → my partner came down with a serious illness and was admitted to hospital.(what主语从句) → my partner came down with a serious illness and was admitted to hospital.(it作形式主语) (1)be/feel ashamed of...　 为……而感到羞耻 be ashamed to do sth 耻于做某事 (2)shame n. 羞耻；遗憾的事 It's a shame that... ……真让人遗憾 What a shame/pity! 真遗憾！　　 练透——单句语法填空/一句多译 ①I walked behind, feeling ashamed my selfish thoughts earlier. ②It is (shame) to break school rules，to be selfish or to make little effort to achieve progress. ③我是如此羞愧，以至于我感觉心如刀绞，眼泪模糊了我的双眼。(读后续写之羞愧心理描写) a．I I felt as if a knife were twisting my heart，tears clouding my eyes. b． I felt as if a knife were twisting my heart，tears clouding my eyes.(倒装) (1)be in (great) demand　　　　　 需求量大 meet/satisfy one's demand(s) 满足某人的需求 (2)demand (sb) to do sth 要求(某人)做某事 demand that ...(should) do sth 要求……做某事 　　 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Nowadays science graduates are greater demand because advanced science has created more (demand) jobs. ②Because picking apples involved climbing trees, the farmers demanded us (be) cautious and careful. ③父亲要求双胞胎在他帮忙做早餐时把厨房打扫干净。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) Father demanded the twins when he helped make breakfast. in a/an...manner　 以……的方式 It's bad/good manners to do sth 做……是没有/有礼貌的 table manners 餐桌礼仪　　 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The physics teacher I respect most is always teaching us how to solve difficult problems a logical and scientific manner. ②It is bad (manner) to turn down an invitation without a reason. ③当你拜访一位中国朋友的时候，带个礼物是有礼貌的，比如一束花。吃饭时，你也应该注意你的餐桌礼仪。 ，such as a bunch of flowers，when you visit a Chinese friend.At dinner， ． (1)associate...with... 把……和……联系在一起 associate with sb 与某人交往 (2)be associated with... 与……有关 (3)in association with... 与……合作；与……有关联　　 练透——单句语法填空/一句多译 ①In modern times millions of parents obsess over Internet addiction (associate) with social networking.They associate their children's lack of motivation too much exposure to the Internet. ②As long as you associate positive­thinking people，it is certain that you are going to achieve success. ③据报道，许多严重的健康问题与吸烟有关。 a.It is reported that there are many serious health problems . (分词作定语) b.It is reported that there are many serious health problems . (介词短语作定语) (1)delay (doing) sth 推迟/延误(做)某事 (2)without (any) delay 马上 a delay in... ……的延误/耽搁　　 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He delayed (tell) her the bad news, waiting for the right moment. ②When the (delay) flight will take off depends on the weather. ③一股浓烟向他扑来，他毫不迟疑地冲出了屋子。(读后续写之动作描写) A thick cloud of smoke greeted him, so he ． (1)belong to　　　　 属于；是……的成员；是……的组成部分 (2)a sense of belonging 归属感　　 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The pub (belong) to me was burnt to the ground，which made me crash into the limitless abyss. ②The taxi driver often reminds passengers to take their (belong) when they get off the car. ③正是由于我慷慨善良的同学们，我才有了归属感。 It is because of my generous and kind­hearted classmates ． 【点拨】　belong to无被动语态和进行时，常用v.­ing形式作定语。 (1)win one's approval　　　 得到某人的批准/同意 give (one's) approval to 同意；批准 (2)approve sth 通过/批准某事 approve of (sb/sb's) doing sth 同意(某人)做某事　　 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Molly responded with an (approve) bark and approached Thomas, licking his hand.(2024·辽宁省部分学校5月模拟) ②My father nodded (approve) and gave his approval to my decision to go to the farm again.(2021·浙江卷读后续写) ③We would be grateful if you could give (approve) to our proposal. ④既然您赞成我的主意，我就详细地向您介绍一下。 ，I will introduce it to you in detail. in time (for/to do...) 及时(做……) on time 准时；按时 in no time 立即，马上 at no time 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装) at a time 一次 at one time 曾经；一度 at times 有时　 练透—— 选用time短语填空/句式升级 ①As a proverb goes，“Where there's a will，there's a way.” Our efforts will pay off ． ② ，I was passionate about chasing stimulation by playing video games. ③I would put on a performance at 8 am in the city theatre and I had butterflies in my stomach. ④In my view，you should at no time lose heart whenever you are in trouble. →As far as I'm concerned， whenever you are in trouble. (倒装) (1)on one's behalf　　 代表某人 (2)represent sb 代表某人 stand for 代表， 象征　　 练透——一句多译 我很荣幸地代表学生会邀请你来参加我们的现场访谈节目。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷应用文) ① , I feel much privileged to invite you to our program for a live talk show. ② , I feel much privileged to invite you to our program for a live talk show. take off　　 脱掉(衣服等)；起飞；事业腾飞 take over 接管；获得对……的控制或管理 take down 写下；记下；拆除 take in 吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗 take on 呈现；雇用；承担；从事 练透——用take短语填空/完成句子 ①I could hardly what the teacher said in class, which made me in low spirits. ②Tom，a person with passion，will his position as chairman of the Student Association at the end of next month. ③With the remarkable development of science and technology，our country has a new look. ④汤姆是个有激情的人，他将在下个月底就任学生会主席一职。 Tom，a person with passion，will of the Student Council at the end of next month. 教材原句：Sometimes I think，if only I could call him and ask for his opinion! 有时我想，要是我能给他打电话征求他的意见就好了！ (1)if only...“要是……就好了”，常用来表达愿望，句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。 ·if only...had done...表示与过去事实相反的愿望 ·if only...did...表示与现在事实相反的愿望 ·if only...could/would/might do...表示与将来事实相反的愿望(不用should) (2)only if意为“只要；只有”，引导条件状语从句；位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。　　 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The salesgirl feels upset.If only there (be) more kind customers and fewer complaints. ②要是我生活在他的时代，听从他的教导就好了！ and listened to his guidance! ③“要是我在课堂上不经常分心就好了。只有我全身心投入到学习中，我才能赶上我的同学。”简想到，悔恨的泪水顺着脸颊流下来。(读后续写之后悔心理描写) “ ．Only if my classmates.” Jane thought，tears of regret flowing down her cheeks. 教材原句：．..not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window. ……她一次也没有抬起头去欣赏窗外的景色。 句中加黑部分是否定副词位于句首引起的部分倒装。 (1)否定副词或者短语位于句首时，句子常常使用部分倒装。 (2)常见的否定副词或短语：not，never，neither，seldom，little，hardly，at no time，in no way，by no means，on no account，in no case，under no circumstances，no sooner等。　 练透——补全句子/句式升级 ① (我很少发现他对孩子们不耐烦)who ran around the yard playing happily. ② (我刚想解释)she rushed into the pouring rain. ③ (我们决不能放弃我们的梦想); only if we can stick to our dreams will we be able to get over all kinds of challenges. ④Our oceans will never be protected without the meaningful cooperation of all the countries.(2022·全国甲卷书面表达) → (倒装句) 教材原句：I found it all so boring and difficult. 我觉得这些东西既无聊又难以理解。 doing(表示主动和动作正在进行) done(表示被动和动作已经完成) 名词/形容词/副词/　介词短语 (2)find＋it＋adj./n.＋to do(it作形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语)　　 (1)find＋宾语＋ 练透——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The father found his children (prepare) a Mother's Day breakfast，so he tiptoed into the kitchen.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) ②随着时间的推移，越来越多的人觉得海洋保护对人类来说是有益的而且是有必要的。(2022·全国甲卷书面表达) With time going by，more and more people find ocean conservation ． ③这对双胞胎觉得为母亲做早餐很愉快。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) The twins their mother. 维度1　单句语法填空 1．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷应用文) As you said, you intend (have) us randomly matched in pairs. This，however, may cause problems such as language barriers, mismatched learning goals, and lack of (motivate), which may reduce the effectiveness of the program. 2．I approve of your (try) to earn some money in your spare time. 3．(2023·全国甲卷书面表达)Besides，he proposed the establishment of a national school system，which had a far­reaching influence on the Chinese (education) system. 4．When learning his friend had moved to a slightly larger house, the cyclist wandered around, (depress) and full of anger. 5．With tears (pour) down his cheeks, he watched the documentary film tracing the history of the ancient town. 6．What astonished me was that he delayed (take) immediate action and missed a precious chance. 7．We couldn't finish the (demand) task on time，which was totally beyond our reach. 8．Normally，we will defend all the things (belong) to us from being taken away. 9．(2022·浙江1月卷满分作文)What impressed me most was Irish folk dances and songs, which was definitely one of the (highlight) of the festival. 10．The stronger the (motivate) for acquiring language skills is, the more quickly a language beginner will learn. 11．I'm sorry to hear that you are going to return to your country very soon and I'm writing this email to express my (grateful) for your help. 12．The original (intend) of the project is to involve more people in our voluntary activities and spread warm love like sunshine. 维度2　熟词生义/一词多义 写出加黑部分的精确汉语释义 1．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷完形填空)Although the two young women were strangers before the meet，they've since become friends. 2．(2021·天津3月卷)Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all related areas. 3．I wasn't sure if I could handle such a powerful car. 4．He is an overbearing man and always tries to force everyone to bend to his will. 5．根据语境选出raise的含义 A.vt.提高　B．vt.提出　C．vt.饲养　D．vt.筹措(金钱) (1)With the improvement of people's living standard，some people form a habit of raising small or domestic animals as pets. (2)New experiences often mean taking some risks，so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well. (3)They do this either by providing things that are necessary，or by raising money or helping out in whatever possible way. (4)I wonder how he actually dared to raise that ridiculous question. 6．根据语境选出bend的含义 A.vt.使弯曲　　B.vi.弯身；弯腰 C.vi.屈从　D.n.(道路、河流的)弯；拐角 (1)Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing. (2)You have to bend your knees to sit down. (3)He went rushing toward the dog and bent down to give her a big hug. (4)He tried to force me to bend to his will. 维度3　完成句子/句型升级 1．当双胞胎失望地环顾四周时，他们的父亲出现了。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) As the twins , their father appeared. 2．看到考试的结果，我是如此绝望，以至于我感觉好像被扔进了黑暗的世界。(读后续写之绝望心理描写) Seeing the result of the exam， ．(倒装句) 3．虽然又累又饿，但我们觉得帮助那位老人拉车是值得的。 Though tired and hungry，we ． 4．我很感激你，我写信对你及时的帮助表达我真诚的感谢。(应用文之感谢信) ． 5．Paper cutting has a history of over 1，500 years.Paper cutting belongs to traditional art in China. → ．(分词短语作定语) 6．I will never forget the accident that happened in my own childhood, which left a deep impression on me. → the accident that happened in my own childhood, which left a deep impression on me.(倒装句) Part 1.应用文写作提分练(人物介绍——最尊敬的人) 用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作再背诵。 第一步：斟酌词句，靓化表达 (加黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇) 1．我们身边有很多值得尊敬的人。对我来说，我身边最值得尊敬的人是我的英语老师史密斯先生，他外向、热情、幽默。 2．我第一天上他的课时，他幽默的语言给我留下了深刻的印象。(the first day引导从句) 3．他经常问许多小问题，以确保每个学生都能参与进来。 4．他一发现有人分心，就会问他一个问题，提醒他集中注意力。(as soon as) 5．他很少惩罚学生，但我们在他的帮助下取得了巨大的进步。 6．要是将来我能遇到另一个像他这样的老师就好了！(If only) 第二步：恰当过渡，完美成文(请用恰当的过渡衔接词汇) There are many respectable people around us.For me, the most respectable person around me is my English teacher, Mr.Smith, who is outgoing, passionate and humorous. Firstly，the first day I attended his class, his humorous language made a deep impression on/upon me.In addition，he often asked many small questions to make sure that every student could get involved.As soon as he found someone distracted, he would ask him a question to remind him to concentrate.What's more，barely did he punish students, but we made great progress with his help.If only I could meet another teacher like him in the future! Part 2.读后续写之人物描写——乐于助人的女士 Ⅰ.主题语境词汇 主题语境词汇 1．gentle adj.　　　　 温柔的 2．patient adj. 耐心的 3．concerned adj. 担心的 4．comfort vt. 安慰 5．sense vt. 感觉到 6．recognize vt.　　　　　　　　　　 辨认出 7．considerate、caring、thoughtful adj.体贴的 8．devotion、commitment n. 奉献 9．selflessness n. 无私 10．generosity n. 慷慨 主题语境词块 1．without thinking twice　　 不假思索 2．in case of danger 以防危险 3．in need of extra help 需要额外的帮助 4．drop everything　　　　　 放下一切 5．tears of gratitude 感激的泪水 Ⅱ.基于主题语境的续写实践 第一步：完成句子(已提示语法结构) 1．朱莉娅一听到他说的话，立刻开始担心起来。(upon doing；what引导名词性从句) ，Julia immediately became concerned. 2．她放下手中的一切，迅速拨打紧急电话，冲向男孩的家。(动词的联动) She in hand, quickly the emergency number and to the boy's home. 3．从辛西娅的身体状况判断，她怀疑(小男孩的)祖母可能中风了。(judging from) ，she the grandmother might be suffering from a stroke. 4．很明显，这个男孩很害怕，脸色苍白。(it is obvious that句型；独立主格结构) the boy was frightened, ． 5．朱莉娅不假思索地开始帮助他们。(without doing) . 6．她找了一条毯子让辛西娅暖和起来，同时温柔地和男孩说话让他平静下来。(while doing) She found a blanket to keep Cynthia warm, ． 第二步：衔接美文(将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇) Upon hearing what he said, Julia immediately became concerned. Therefore, she dropped everything in hand, quickly dialed the emergency number and rushed to the boy's home. Judging from Cynthia's physical condition, she suspected the grandmother might be suffering from a stroke. Meanwhile, it was obvious that the boy was frightened, his face pale. Without thinking twice, Julia set out to help them/set about helping them/got down to helping them. She found a blanket to keep Cynthia warm, while talking to the boy gently to calm him down. $$ 一、速背分类单词——付出点滴 收获无限 背阅读单词 1．trait n.　　　　 特性，品质 2．niece n. 侄女，外甥女 3．nephew n. 侄子，外甥 4．triangle n. 三角形 5．hydrogen n. 氢 6．acid n. 酸 7．onion n. 洋葱 8．feedback n. 反馈意见 9．highlight vt. 标出；突出显示 10．tense n. 时态 11.social networking　 社交网络 12．laptop n. 笔记本电脑，便携式电脑 13．app n. 应用程序 14．wired adj. 联网的；极其兴奋的 15．scroll vi. 上下滚动 16．inch n. 英寸 17．booze n. 酒 18．hard­wired adj. 硬件控制的；天生的 19．innovation n. 革新，创新 20．clarity n. 清楚，清晰 背拓展单词 1．humour n.　　　　 幽默感 humorous adj. 幽默的 2．passionate adj. 热爱的，酷爱的；具有强烈信念的 passionately adv. 热情地；强烈地 passion n. 热爱；热情 3．host vt. 主办；做……的东道主 n. 主人；主持人 hostess n. 女主人；女主持人 4．occasionally adv. 偶尔；偶然 occasion n. 场合 occasional adj. 偶尔的；偶然的 5．emotional adj. 激起感情的；情感上的；情绪上的 emotionally adv. 感情上；情绪上 emotion n. 情感；情绪 6．practical adj. 实际的；实践的；切实可行的 practice n．&v. 练习 practically adv. 实际地；切实可行地 7．presentation n. 报告；陈述，说明 present v. 授予；呈现 n. 礼物 8．behaviour n. 行为，举止 behave v. 表现；表现得体 9．educationalist n. 教育(学)家 educate v. 教育 education n. 教育 educational adj. 教育的；有教育意义的 10.preference n.　　　 偏爱，偏好 prefer v. 更喜欢；宁愿 11．intention n. 意图，目的；打算 intend v. 意图；打算 12．effective adj. 有效的 effect n. 影响；效果 affect vt. 影响；使感动 13．socialise vi. 交友；交际；交往 social adj. 社会的；社交的 socially adv. 在社会上；在社交上 society n. 社会；协会；社团 14．associate vt. 与某人交往；联系 associated adj. 有联系的 association n. 联系；协会；社团 15．reserved adj. 含蓄的；内敛的 reserve vt. 保留；保存；预订 n. 储备；保护区 reservation n. 保留；预订 16．distracted adj. 心神不定的，精神无法集中的 distract v. 转移；分散；分心 distraction n. 使人分心的事物 17．reality n. 现实；真实 real adj. 真实的；现实的 really adv. 真正地；确实地 realise vt. 实现；意识到 18．stimulation n. 刺激 stimulate vt. 刺激；激励；激发 19．intense adj. 紧张的，激烈的；剧烈的 intensity n. 强度；强烈 20.depressed adj.　　　情绪低落的，沮丧的；萧条的 depress v. 使抑郁；使萧条 depressing adj. 令人忧愁的，使人沮丧的 depression n. 抑郁症；消沉；萧条期 21．rude adj. 无礼的 rudely adv. 无礼地；粗鲁地 rudeness n. 粗野，无礼；粗陋 22．appointment n. 约定；约会 appoint v. 任命，委派；指定；约定 appointed adj. 约定的；指定的 23．alcoholic n. 酗酒者，嗜酒成瘾者 adj. (含)酒精的 alcohol n. 酒精 24.invitation n.　　　 邀请 invite v. 邀请 25．organise vt. 组织，筹划 organiser n. 组织者 organisation n. 组织 26．competitor n. 选手，参赛者 compete v. 比赛；竞争 competition n. 比赛；竞争 competitive adj. 竞争的 27．fluency n. 流畅，熟练 fluent adj. 流畅的，熟练的 fluently adv. 流利地；熟练地 第一组　会写——力求写准记牢 1．outgoing adj.　　　 外向的，好交际的 2．secondary adj. 中等教育；中级的；次要的 3．flu n. 流行性感冒，流感 4．incredible adj. 难以置信的；极好的 5．extremely adv. 极度，极其 6．angle n. 角 7．pour vt. 灌，注，倒 8．fuel n. 燃料 9．drag vt. 拖，拉 10．worthwhile adj. 值得做的；重要的；有益的 11．handle vt. 处理(难题)；应付(局面) 12．raise vt. 提出，提起 13．sensitive adj. 敏感的；善解人意的 14．constantly adv. 持续不断地 15．dorm n. 寝室，学生宿舍 16．flow n. 流动 vi. 流，流动 17．barely adv. 几乎不 18．million n. 百万 19．obsess vt. 使迷恋 20．mate n. 朋友，伙伴 21．dominate vi.&vt. 主宰，支配，控制 22．deadline n. 截止日期，最后期限 23．chase vi.&vt. 努力赢得 n. 追逐，追赶 24．desperate adj. 拼命的；绝望的 25．chatter vi. 唠叨，喋喋不休 26．bend vi.&vt. 弯腰；俯身 27．extraordinary adj. 令人惊奇的，异乎寻常的 28．topic n. 话题，题目 29．principle n. 原则；行为准则 30．contrast n. 差异，差别 vt. 形成对比　　　 第二组　会用——突出活学活用 1.grateful adj.感激的，感谢的 背重点 背写作佳句 (1)be grateful to sb (for sth) (因某事)感激某人 be grateful to do sth 因做某事而感激 I would be grateful if you could do... 如果你能做……，我将 感激不尽 (2)gratitude n. 感激之情；感谢 with gratitude 感激地 I'd be quite grateful if you could spend some time going through my application form and making some changes. 如果您能花点时间看一下我的申请表并做些修改，我会很感激的。 2.lack vt.缺乏 n．缺乏；短缺 背重点 背写作佳句 (1)lack for nothing 一无所缺；应有尽有 (2)for lack of... 因缺乏…… a lack of sth 缺乏某物 (3)lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的 be lacking in... 缺少…… Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and (a) lack of exercise.For lack of both of them，many people end up being physically unhealthy. 健康问题与不好的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。由于缺乏这两者，许多人最终变得身体不健康。 3.drag vt.拖；拉 vt.&vi.缓慢而费力地移动 背重点 背写作佳句 drag sb down　　 使某人沮丧 drag...out of... 把……从……中拖出来 drag sb into doing sth 把某人拖入到做某事中 Tom opened the car door，dragged the driver out and sent him to the police station. 汤姆打开车门，把司机拽出来，把他送到警察局。(读后续写之动作描写) 4.access n.进入；接触的机会；通道；机会，权利 vt.进入；获取(数据) 背重点 背写作佳句 (1)have/get/gain (no) access to... 　　　　 有(没有)……的机会； 可以(无法)获取/进入/接近…… access to... 去……的通道/入口 (2)accessible adj. 可接近的；可进入的；可使用的 sth be accessible to sb 某人可接近/可靠近/可使 用某物 ①People have better access to health care than they used to, and they're living longer as a result. 人们有了比过去更便捷的医疗保障，结果就是人们的寿命更长了。 ②Moreover, with the stadium set up, all the students are accessible to the facilities. 此外，随着体育场的建立，所有的学生都可以使用这些设施。 5.upset adj.烦恼的，心烦意乱的 vt.(upset，upset，upsetting)使生气，使心烦意乱 背重点 背写作佳句 (1)be upset about/by/at sth 为某事心烦/难过 be upset with sb 生某人的气 be upset to do sth 对做某事感到不 安/难过 (2)It upsets sb to do sth/that/when... 让某人心烦的 是…… ①What upset me was that Kelly just ignored me.Loneliness began to flood in. 使我心烦的是，凯莉不理睬我。孤独如潮水般涌来。 ②I am upset to hear that you have gone back home on sick leave.(2020·浙江7月卷写作) 得知您因病回国休假，我感到很难过。 6.ashamed adj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的 背重点 背写作佳句 (1)be ashamed to do...　 耻于做……；因做……而羞愧 be/feel ashamed of... 对……感到惭愧/羞耻 (2)shame n. 羞耻；羞愧；惭愧 It's a shame that... ……是令人遗憾的事 ①She felt ashamed of having cheated in the exam and tears ran down her cheeks.她为自己在考试中作弊感到羞愧万分，眼泪顺着脸颊流了下来。 ②Embarrassed and ashamed，he lowered his head，motionless.既尴尬又愧疚，他低下头，一动不动。 7.demanding adj.要求严格的；费力的 背重点 背写作佳句 (1)demand vt.要求；需要 n.要求；需求 demand (of sb) to do sth 要求(某人)做某事 demand that ...(should) do sth 要求……做某事(从句用虚拟语气) (2)be in (great) demand 需求大 meet/satisfy one's demands 满足某人的需求/要求 Because picking apples involved climbing trees, the farmers demanded that we should be cautious and careful.(2020·全国卷I写作) 因为摘苹果需要爬树，农民们要求我们谨慎小心。 8.manner n.方式；方法； 举止；行为[pl.]礼貌；礼仪 背重点 背写作佳句 (1)in a(n) ...manner以……的方式 (2)It's good/bad manners to do sth 做某事是有/没有礼貌的 table manners 餐桌礼仪 mind one's manners注意礼貌 She treated her friend in a rude manner, making her mother disappointed and annoyed. 她粗鲁地对待朋友， 这使她妈妈既失望又生气。(读后续写之情感描写) 9.delay vi.&vt.推迟；延期(做某事)　vt.耽误；耽搁　n．延误；耽搁(的时间)；推迟 背重点 背写作佳句 (1)delay (doing) sth 　　 推迟/延误(做)某 事 (2)without (any) delay 马上 a delay in ... ……的延误/耽搁 ①He suggested that the problem be solved without delay．他建议立即解决这个问题。 ②It was reported that all the flights were delayed due to the terrible weather. 据报道，由于天气恶劣，所有的航班都延误了。 10.complain vi.&vt.抱怨；不满；发牢骚 背重点 背写作佳句 (1)complain (to sb) of/about (doing) sth 　　　　 (向某人)投诉/抱怨(做)某事；(向 某人)发牢骚 complain (to sb) that... (向某人)抱怨…… (2)complaint n.抱怨；投诉 make a complaint about sth 抱怨/投诉某事 make a complaint to sb 向某人抱怨/投诉 ①I'd like to complain to you that the waiter of your hotel broke my suitcase. 我想向你投诉贵宾馆的服务员弄坏了我的行李箱。(应用文之投诉信) ②In time of difficulty, what we need is not complaint about it to each other but understanding of eath other. 困难的时候，我们需要的不是相互抱怨困难而是互相理解。(读后续写之主旨升华) 11.belong vi.应在(某处)；属于；适应 背重点 背写作佳句 (1)belong to　　　　 属于；是……的成员 (不能用于进行时态和被动语态) (2)belongings n. 所有物，财产 a sense of belonging 归属感 I belong to a painting club, which enables me to deepen visitors' understanding of Chinese culture. 我是绘画俱乐部成员，这能让我加深游客对中国文化的了解。(应用文之申请信) 二、熟背短语词块——碎片时间 合理运用 1．for the first time　　　　 初次，第一次 2．pour into 投入(倒)……于某物 3．a couple of 一些，几个；一双，一对 4．used to 过去经常，曾经 5．associate with 与某人交往 6．obsess over 对……过分担心 7．chatter away 喋喋不休 8．on behalf of sb 代表某人 9．in contrast to 和……对比 10．add up to　　　　 总计达到 11．set off 引爆；出发 12．lack confidence in 在某方面缺乏信心 13．set up 建立；启动 14．have access to 获许进入 15．take up 占据 16．in reality 事实上 17．chase after 追逐 18．bend over 伏在……上面 三、巧背单元佳句——日积月累 激活潜能 1．句式：find＋宾语＋宾语补足语 原句：I found it all so boring and difficult． 我觉得这些东西既无聊又难以理解。 2．句式：if only引导的虚拟条件句 原句：Sometimes I think，if only I could call him and ask for his opinion! 有时(我)甚至想，如果能打电话征求他的意见就好了！ 3．句式：the first day引导时间状语从句 原句：The first day he walked into my class，he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored... 第一天走进我的班级时，他的书包在身后拖着，一副百无聊赖的样子…… 4．句式：as soon as引导时间状语从句 原句：As soon as I open my eyes in the morning，I check through all my social networking apps，read my emails and answer text messages. 早上一睁开眼，我就会立刻查看所有社交网络应用程序，阅读电子邮件并回复短信。 5．句式：否定副词位于句首引起部分倒装 原句：．..not once did she lift her head to enjoy the view outside her window. ……她一次也没有抬起头欣赏窗外的景色。 四、多背续写素材——满分佳作 学会用活 情感细节描写之“失望”和“孤独” 1．积累常诵 形容词/副词 disappointed, lonely, alone 名词/动词 disappointment, loneliness, disappoint 脸 a look of disappointment/loneliness flashed across/spread over one's face脸上露出失望/孤独的表情 短语 ①be overcome/consumed with/be overwhelmed by disappointment非常失望；②to one's disappointment 令某人失望的是；③hide one's disappointment掩饰某人的失望 2.背诵表达“失望”和“孤独”的经典范文 I looked around.No one came into sight.A feeling of disappointment and loneliness suddenly overwhelmed me.Nobody had remembered my birthday.A friend? Unless there was a miracle.Depression settled over me like a dark cloud．Memories of my past birthdays crowded in on me/into my mind, which were filled with laughter.I should have blown out the candles with my family instead of wandering here aimlessly and alone．The cold wind brushed across my face.I fought back tears, shut my eyes and made a silent wish for a miracle. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重点单词　分类记忆　——多积累 平时多输入 用时顺手出 阅读词汇知其意 1．trait n.　　 特性，品质 2．niece n. 侄女，外甥女 3．nephew n. 侄子，外甥 4．triangle n. 三角形 5．hydrogen n. 氢 6．acid n. 酸 7．onion n. 洋葱 8．feedback n. 反馈意见 9．highlight vt. 标出；突出显示 10．tense n. 时态 11.social networking　 社交网络 12．laptop n. 笔记本电脑，便携式电脑 13．app n. 应用程序 14．wired adj. 联网的；极其兴奋的 15．scroll vi. 上下滚动 16．inch n. 英寸 17．booze n. 酒 18．hard­wired adj. 硬件控制的；天生的 19．innovation n. 革新，创新 20．clarity n. 清楚，清晰 核心词汇写其形 1．secondary adj. 中等教育；中级的；次要的 2．flu n. 流行性感冒，流感 3．incredible adj. 难以置信的；极好的 4．pour vt. 灌，注，倒 5 fuel n. 燃料 6．lack vt. 缺乏 7．worthwhile adj. 值得做的；重要的；有益的 8．raise vt. 提出，提起 9．sensitive adj. 敏感的；善解人意的 10．constantly adv. 持续不断地 11．dorm n. 寝室，学生宿舍 12．flown. 流动 vi. 流，流动 13．barely adv. 几乎不 14．obsess vt. 使迷恋 15．mate n. 朋友，伙伴 16．dominate vi.&vt. 主宰，支配，控制 17．deadline n. 截止日期，最后期限 18．chase vi.&vt. 努力赢得 n. 追逐，追赶 19．desperate adj. 拼命的；绝望的 20．chatter vi. 唠叨，喋喋不休 21．bend vi.&vt. 弯腰；俯身 22．extraordinary adj. 令人惊奇的，异乎寻常的 23．principle n. 原则；行为准则 24．contrast n. 差异，差别 vt. 形成对比 25.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) At the award presentation, I accepted the award certificate, extremely (极其) nervous and excited. 26．Have a face­to­face talk with Sarah, and you will find her friendly and outgoing (外向的)． 27．Millions (数百万) of people are addicted to online games and ignore what they should do. 28．My parents dragged (拖；拽) me into the stupid movie.I was seized by boredom. 29．While the problem is difficult to handle (处理)，we should spare no effort to help those who are suffering from Internet addiction. 30．It is bad manners(礼貌) for you to stare at others for a long time. 31．The flight has been delayed(推迟) because of traffic congestion at London airport. 32．We went over and put our arms around her，and she explained to us why she was so upset (伤心的)． 33．I think we need to read some materials that are relevant to the topic(话题) we are discussing. 34．Sometimes, we need to consider a problem from different angles(角度) in order to come up with a best solution for it. 拓展词汇通其变 1.host vt.主办；做……的东道主n.主人；主持人→hostess n．女主人；女主持人 2.occasionally adv.偶尔；偶然→occasion n．场合→occasional_ adj.偶尔的；偶然的 3.emotional adj.激起感情的；情感上的；情绪上的→emotionally adv.感情上；情绪上→emotion n．情感；情绪 4.grateful adj.感激的，感谢的→gratefully adv.感激地→gratitude n．感激 5.presentation n．报告；陈述，说明→present_ v．授予；呈现 n．礼物 6.preference n．偏爱，偏好→prefer v．更喜欢；宁愿 7.ashamed adj.羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的→shame n．羞耻；羞愧感→shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的 8.demanding adj.要求严格的；费力的→demand v．要求 n．需求，要求 9.associate vt.与某人交往；联系→associated adj.有联系的→association n．联系；协会；社团 10.reserved adj.含蓄的；内敛的→reserve vt.保留；保存；预定n.储备；保护区→reservation n．保留；预定 11.distracted adj.心神不定的，精神无法集中的→distract v．转移；分散；分心→distraction n．使人分心的事物 12.stimulation n．刺激→stimulate_ vt.刺激；激励；激发 13.organise vt.组织，筹划→organiser n．组织者→organisation n．组织 14.progression n．变化，发展→progress n．进步；前进 v．进步；前进 15.engagement n．参与→engage v．(使)参与；吸引；雇佣 16.sincerely adv.真诚地，由衷地→sincere adj.真诚的，由衷的→sincerity n．真挚，诚心诚意 17.belong v．属于→belonging n．归属；[复数]所有物，财产 18.approval n．赞许；同意→approve v．赞许；同意→disapprove v．不赞许；不同意→disapproval n．不同意 19.defend vi.&vt.保护，保卫→defence n．保护，保卫→defensive adj.防御(性)的；戒备的 20.motivation n．动力，积极性→motivate v．激励；激发→motivated adj.有动机的；有积极性的 21.One of her traits is that she has a sense of humour so she can explain much knowledge in a humorous way. (humour) 22. Having a passion for basketball，he watches every NBA match passionately. (passionate) 23.(2022·全国甲卷)Countries should team up with one another to work out practical (practice) plans regarding ocean protection. 24.The child behaved so well in class that the teacher praised his good behaviour in front of others.(behave) 25.Nowadays teaching is a demanding job because it is difficult to satisfy parents' demands．(demand) 26.The old man complains loudly about everything while his wife always ignores his complaints．(complain) 27.Now that you have decided to keep the appointment，why not go at the appointed time？(appoint) 28.Many people appreciated being invited to the palace ball and accepted the invitation happily.(invite) 29.All the competitors competed against each other in the competitive competition.(compete) 30.Not only can my sister speak Spanish fluently，but also she can speak French with great fluency．(fluent) 31.It was rude of you to injure his pride last night, so you must offer him an apology for your rudeness．(rude) 32.As the saying goes，“Knowledge is power.”We live in an age of knowledge economy.Students must have access to a good library so that all good books will be accessible to them.(access) 33.Before the new law comes into effect, I hope we can take some effective measures to protect the Tibetan antelopes.Then we should work effectively at once. (effect) 34.All the players were depressed about the depressing result, which depressed the captain too.(depress) 重点短语　记牢用准　——会积累 平时多联想 用时会拓展 先写对 再用准 第一组 1．for the first time　 初次，第一次 2．pour into 投入(倒)……于某物 3．a couple of 一些，几个；一双，一对 4．used to 过去经常，曾经 5．associate with 与某人交往 6．obsess over 对……过分担心 7．chatter away 喋喋不休 8．on behalf of sb 代表某人 9．in contrast to 和……对比 第二组 10．take up 占据 11．set off 引爆；出发 12．set up 建立；启动 13．have access to 获许进入 14．belong to 是……的成员；属于 15．in reality 事实上 16．chase after 追逐 17．bend over 伏在……上面 选用左栏短语填空 1．On behalf of our school, I feel greatly privileged to convey warm welcome to you. 2．In contrast to my previous impression, the atmosphere here is not intense at all. 3．Mr.King took up a position as a headmaster in a high school, so he knew the importance of education. 4．Jamie looked on John as his only real friend, but in reality John often spoke ill of him. 5．The young couple used to stay up late，but now they get used to going to bed early to set a good example to their son. 后缀“­al”名词荟萃 “特殊”复数名词集锦 无“被动语态”的短语 ①survive →survival幸存；生还 ②revive→ revival 振兴；复苏 ③arrive→arrival 到达 ④propose→proposal 提议， 建议 ⑤approve→approval 批准， 认可 ①manner方法→manners礼貌 ②custom风俗→customs海关 ③paper纸→papers文件 ④arm手臂→arms武器 ⑤work工作→works作品 ①date from/back to追溯到 ②come into being 诞生 ③take place 发生 ④belong to 属于 ⑤come into existence 成立；开始，存在 重点句式　背熟巧用　——会活用 平时造佳句 用时表达高 句式背诵 句式仿写 句型公式1：find＋宾语＋宾语补足语 教材原句：I found it all so boring and difficult． 我觉得这些东西既无聊又难以理解。 1.我觉得与汤姆相处很容易，他很乐于帮助他人。 I find it easy enough to get on/along with Tom，who is ready to help others. 句型公式2：if only 要是……就好了 教材原句：Sometimes I think，if only I could call him and ask for his opinion! 有时(我)甚至想，如果能打电话征求他的意见就好了！ 2.要是雨停了就好了，我们就可以出去走走。 If only it would stop raining，we could go out for a walk. 句型公式3：否定词与比较级连用表示最高级 教材原句：But he's also never felt more alone. 但是他也从来没有感到这么孤单过。 3.对我来说，没有什么比在寒冷的夜晚喝一杯热牛奶更好的了。 To me, there is nothing better than drinking a cup of hot milk on cold nights. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$