选择性必修第三册 Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites(word教参)-【正禾一本通】2025年高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（译林版2019）

Unit 4　Protecting our heritage sites 重点词汇 (一)阅读常见词——记牢 1．pyramid 　　 n．金字塔(联想：the pyramids of Egypt埃及金字塔) 2．milestone n．重要阶段，里程碑(助记：合成词mile＋stone) 3．sculpture n．雕像，雕塑品；雕刻术(联想：carve vt.& vi.雕刻) 4．status n．身份，地位；状况，情形(形近：statue n．雕像) 5．agenda n．计划，方案；议程表，议事日程 6．intense adj.很大的，十分强烈的；有强烈感情的，热切的；激烈的 7．primitive adj.简陋的，落后的；原始的，远古的 (二)多义辨析词——认清 1．panel n．专家咨询组，讨论小组；嵌板；仪表盘 2．collapse vi.倒塌，坍塌；昏倒 n．昏倒；倒塌 3．suspend vt.暂停；延缓；悬，挂 4．entry n．进入；入口；参与，加入；参赛；参赛作品；条目，事项 5．nail n．钉子；指甲vt.固定 (三)核心必背词——用活 1．be trapped in the ruins　　　　　　　　　　　 被困在废墟中 2．a border conflict between neighboring countries 一个邻国之间的边界冲突 3．have disastrous outcomes 有灾难性的后果 4．an emergent incident 突发事件 5．forecast some frightening natural disasters accurately 准确预测一些可怕的自然灾害 6．have the courage to pursue your dreams 有勇气去追求你的梦想 7．submit the proposal 提交建议 8．a white cotton shirt 一件白色棉质衬衫 9．ban smoking inside the schoolyard 禁止在校园内吸烟　　 拓展词汇 1．civilize vt.使文明→civilization n．文明；社会文明；文明社会，文明世界 2．preserve vt.维护，保护，保存；维持→preservation n．保存；保留；维护 3．urgent adj.紧急地，紧迫的；催促的，急切的→urgently adv.紧急地；催促地→urgency n．紧急；催促；紧急的事 4．incredible adj.极好的，极大的；不能相信的，难以置信的→incredibly adv.令人难以置信地 5．ecology n．生态，生态学→ecological adj.生态的；主张生态保护的→ecologist n．生态学者；生态保护论者 6．special adj.特别的；专用的→specialize vi.专门从事→specialist n．专家；专科医生 adj.专业的 7．assess vt.评估，评定；估算→assessment n．评价；评定；估价 8．consult vi.& vt.查阅；商量；向……请教→consultation n．咨询，商讨；就诊→consultant n．顾问；咨询者；会诊医生 9．divide v．分割；划分；分配→division n．分歧；分开，分隔 10．architect n．建筑师；设计师→architecture n．建筑学；建筑设计 11．cooperate v．合作；配合→cooperation n．合作；协作；协助，配合→cooperative adj.合作的 12．interrupt vt.打扰，插嘴；使暂停，使中断 vi.打扰→interruption n．打断；打岔；中止 13．reserve n．自然保护区；储备 vt.预订；预留；保留→reservation n．预约，预订；保留 14．assign vt.指定，指派；分配；确定→assignment n．分配；任务；作业 15．wool n．毛织物；羊毛→woollen adj.羊毛制的；毛纺织业的 16．expand vi.& vt.扩张；(使)膨胀；详述→expansion n．扩展，扩大，膨胀 重点短语 1.wear down 　　 　　 (使)磨损，(使)逐渐磨平 2．wear and tear (正常使用造成的)磨损，损耗 3．take shape 成形，有了模样 4．belong to 属于(点拨：没有被动语态，作后置定语用v.­ing形式) 5．at risk 有危险；冒风险 6．lead to 导致(同义：cause，bring about；result in) 7．a great deal of 大量的(同义：a great amount of) 8．break out 爆发 9．on purpose 故意地(同义：by design) 10．contribute to 促成，导致(点拨：to为介词) 11．in addition to 除……以外(对比： in addition除此之外) 12．serve as 充当……(近义：function as...起……作用) 单元佳句 1．If so，you might already understand why UNESCO is fighting to preserve sites of cultural and natural importance to mankind.(if省略结构) 2．In some conflict areas where civil wars often break out，fighters have even destroyed heritage sites on purpose.(where引导限制性定语从句) 3．Millions of tourists travel to UNESCO World Heritage Sites every year，so it is only natural that the sites suffer a bit of wear and tear.(it作形式主语) 4．The more we acknowledge the outstanding universal value of our heritage sites，the more likely we are to treat them with respect.(the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...) 5．Covering vast distances and an astonishing variety of landscapes，the Silk Road was a network of ancient trade routes that extended from East Asia all the way to the Mediterranean.(分词短语作状语) 6．Following Zhang's efforts，trade routes took shape and relationships were strengthened between the major powers of the time，with the routes network reaching as far as the Roman Empire.(with复合结构) [遮住左栏尝试背诵] 1．如果是这样，你们可能已经明白为什么联合国教科文组织正奋力保护对人类具有文化和自然重要性的遗址。 2．在一些经常爆发内战的冲突地区，武装分子甚至故意破坏遗产地。 3．每年有大量游客到联合国教科文组织世界遗产地旅游，所以这些遗产地遭受些损坏是很自然的。 4．我们越是承认我们的遗产地的突出的普遍价值，我们就越有可能以尊重的态度对待它们。 5．丝绸之路跨越遥远的距离，穿越各种景观，令人惊叹，是从东亚一路延伸至地中海地区的古代贸易路网。 6．在张骞的努力下，贸易路线成形了。随着路网一直延伸至罗马帝国，当时主要强国间的关系也得以加强。 词汇语境串记 　　We attended a lecture given by a specialist on how to preserve heritage sites from being ruined．Heritage sites represent human civilization and most of us have been awed and fascinated by their splendour．So we should treat them with respect. From the lecture，we know that some factors contribute to the destruction of heritage sites.First of all，natural forces and natural disasters can wear down and even ruin heritage sites.Besides，it is human activities，such as civil wars，conflicts，violence that often destroy ancient clay sculptures．Sites also suffer a bit of wear and tear due to the frequent visits of tourists.Such destruction can have disastrous outcomes．Therefore，heritage sites are in urgent need of conservation.With cooperation and joint efforts，we will conserve heritage sites from being destroyed. [遮住左栏，忆加黑词汇] 我们参加了一个关于如何保护遗产地不被破坏的专家演讲。遗产地代表着人类文明，我们大多数人都对它们的辉煌感到敬畏，并深深为其着迷。所以我们应该尊重他们。 从讲座中我们了解到，一些因素导致了对遗产地的破坏。首先，自然力量和自然灾害会造成遗产的磨损甚至会破坏遗产地。此外，人类活动如内战、冲突、暴力等也经常破坏古代泥塑。各种遗址也会有一些磨损，因为有游客的频繁来访。这样的破坏可能会造成灾难性的后果。因此，遗产地迫切需要保护。通过合作和共同努力，我们会保护遗产地不被破坏。 Ⅰ.默写单词(每空2分，满分30分) 1．preserve　　 vt.维护，保护，保存；维持 2．ruin vt.破坏，毁坏；使破产，毁灭 n．毁坏，毁灭；破产；残垣断壁 3．conflict n．(军事)冲突，战斗；争论；矛盾，不一致 vi.冲突，抵触 4．status n．身份，地位；状况，情形 5．outcome n．结果，效果 6．collapse vi.倒塌，坍塌；昏倒 n．昏倒；倒塌 7．incident n．事件；冲突 8．forecast vt.预测，预报 n．预测，预报 9．intense adj.很大的，十分强烈的；有强烈感情的，热切的；激烈的 10．primitive adj.简陋的，落后的；原始的，远古的 11．pursue vt.追求，致力于，执行；追逐 12．submit vt.& vi.提交，呈递；屈服 13．emerge vi.出现；暴露；露头 14．entry n．进入；参与，加入；参赛 15．ban vt.明令禁止，取缔；禁止做某事 n．禁令 Ⅱ.默写短语(每空3分，满分30分) 1．wear down　　　　 (使)磨损，(使)逐渐磨平 2．belong to 属于 3．at risk 有危险；冒风险 4．lead to 导致 5．a great deal of 大量的 6．break out 爆发 7．on purpose 故意地 8．contribute to 促成，导致 9．in addition to 除……以外 10．serve as 充当…… Ⅲ.词形变化填空(每空2分，满分24分) 1．Some specialists (special) subscribed to this view and the solution is under discussion. 2．They hired a firm of consultants (consult) to design the new system. 3．His assessment (assess) of the present situation is quite popular among his colleagues. 4．Interruptions (interrupt) are one of the worst things to deal with while you're trying to get work done. 5．People tend to be more aggressive when they're young and more conservative (conserve) as they get older. 6．When is the final date for the submission (submit) of proposals? 7．The candies were divided out among all the kids, but they could not agree upon the division of them.(divide) 8．I took him into my room and made a bed for him with a woolen (wool) blanket and a small pillow. 9．You will need to complete three written assignments which are assigned by your professor per semester.(assign) 10．They all agreed to expand the new company, but the expansion (expand) will cost them a lot of money. Ⅳ.句式仿写(第1、2题每小题5分，第3题6分，满分16分) 1．句型公式：if省略结构 我要是记得她的地址就好了。如果那样，我很容易就能联系上她。 I wish I remembered her address.If so，I can get in touch with her easily． 2．句型公式：the＋比较级..., the＋比较级... 但是，你越是焦虑，你的表现就会越差。 However，the more anxious you are，the worse your performance will be. 3．句型公式：where引导限制性定语从句 她兴奋地说：“这些水果都来自我父母工作的农场里。” She said excitedly，“These fruits are from the farm where my parents work．” 4．句型公式：with复合结构 脖子上挂着一个大盒子，伯纳德成了附近爆米花卖得最好的男孩。(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷) With the big box hanging around his neck，Bernard become the No.1 popcorn boy in the neighborhood. 1．ruin vt.破坏，毁坏；使破产，毁灭 n．毁坏，毁灭；破产；残垣断壁 ·(be/lie) in ruins fall into ruin 成为废墟；毁灭 ·ruin one's hopes/chances 使某人的希望破灭/机会失去 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)The whole city fell into ruin after the earthquake，which made us awake all night. (2)持续的降雨造成了严重的洪水，从而使许多房屋成为一片废墟。 The constant rain caused serious flood，which left many houses (lying) in ruins． (3)他犯了一个大错，失去了得到那份工作的机会。 He made a big mistake，ruining his chances of getting the job． 2．reserve n．自然保护区；储备 vt.预订；保留；预留→reservation n．预订；保留 ·reserve a room 预订房间 reserve sth for... 为……保留某物 ·a nature reserve 自然保护区 in reserve 备用 ·make a reservation 预订，预约 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)“It's such a nice place，” Mother said as she sat at the table reserved (reserve) for customers. (2)由于野生动物数量的逐渐减少，现在是时候建立更多的自然保护区了。 With the number of wild animals on the decline，it is high time that we (should) set up more nature reserves． 3．submit vt.& vi.提交；呈递；屈服→submission n．提交(物)；呈递(书)；屈服 submit sth to sb 将某物提交给某人 submit (oneself) to 屈从于…… 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)In addition, the most important thing is that the submitted (submit) work should correspond with the theme. (2)我们绝不应该屈服于困难。 By no means should we submit ourselves to any difficulty． (3)对这个职位感兴趣的人必须在5月15日前提交给我们申请书和相关资料。(职位招聘) Those who are interested in the post must submit the applications and relevant materials to us by May 15. 4．assign vt.指定，指派；分配；确定→assignment n．分配；任务；作业；功课 assign sth to sb/assign sb sth 给某人分配(某物)；分派，布置(工作、任务等) assign sb to do sth 分派某人做某事 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)事件发生后，这个记者被派去报道这个新闻。 After the incident happened，the reporter was assigned to cover the news． (2)As an experienced teacher，our English teacher often assigns different tasks to different students. →As an experienced teacher，our English teacher often assigns different students different tasks． 5．ban vt.(banned，banned，banning)明令禁止；取缔 n．禁令 ·ban doing sth 禁止做某事 ban sb from (doing) sth 禁止某人(做)某事 ·a ban on... 对……的禁令 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)The Chinese government has decided to ban smoking (smoke) in public places across the country. (2)They signed agreements banning (ban) the use of chemical weapons. (3)为了创建更干净的环境和养成节约食物的习惯，禁止任何人乱扔垃圾和浪费食物。 To create cleaner surroundings and develop the habit of saving food，everyone is banned from littering everywhere and wasting food． 6．wear down (使)磨损，(使)逐渐磨平 wear off 逐渐减少；逐渐消失 wear out 磨损，耗尽；穿破；使精疲力竭 【多维训练】　写作迁移 (1)安逸稳定的工作环境会消磨人的意志。 The comfortable and stable work environment can wear down your will． (2)又疲惫又泄气，他无法专注于学习。(心理描写) Worn out and frustrated，he couldn't be absorbed in his study. 7．take shape 成形，有了模样 in the shape of... 呈……的形状；以……的形式 in good shape 身体健康 out of shape 身体不好；变形 get into shape 强身健体 【多维训练】　用shape短语的正确形式填空 (1)Working out in the morning provides many benefits such as helping us get into shape． (2)You have been sitting on my cap.Now it is out of shape． (3)Since women's events were added，the modern Olympic programme has begun to take shape． (4)The government provides financial support in the shape of grants and student loans. 8．if 省略结构 if构成的常见省略结构： if so如果是这样的话 if not如果不这样的话；如果没有 if ever如果有过/发生过的话 if any如果有的话 if possible如果有可能；如果可能的话 if necessary如果有必要的话 if anything如果有什么不同的话 (教材原句)If so，you might already understand why UNESCO is fighting to preserve sites of cultural and natural importance to mankind. 如果是这样，你们可能已经明白为什么联合国教科文组织正奋力保护对人类具有文化和自然重要性的遗址。 【多维训练】　用if省略结构填空/写作迁移 (1)The climate here is quite pleasant，the temperature rarely，if ever，reaching 30℃ in summer. (2)Are you ready？If so，let's set off at once. (3)If it is necessary，our school will provide the students with the language training courses. →If necessary，our school will provide the students with the language training courses.(省略) (4)如果你方便的话，我们早上八点半在学校门口外见面。如果不方便，让我知道什么时间最适合你。 If it is convenient for you，let's meet at 8：30 am outside the school gate.If not，let me know what time suits you best． 9．with复合结构 with复合结构在句中常作状语和定语，其结构为： with＋宾语＋to do(表示将来的动作) with＋宾语＋doing(表示主动或进行) with＋宾语＋done(表示被动或完成) with＋宾语＋介词短语/adj./adv. (教材原句)Following Zhang's efforts，trade routes took shape and relationships were strengthened between the major powers of the time，with the routes network reaching as far as the Roman Empire. 在张骞的努力下，贸易路线成形了。随着路网一直延伸至罗马帝国，当时主要强国间的关系也得以加强。 【多维训练】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)With too much work to do (do)，I suffer from anxiety and can't sleep well at night. (2)With more and more forests damaged (damage)，some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out. (3)珍妮手里拿着真正的项链，她紧抿双唇，泪水模糊了她的视野。(动作与神情描写) Holding the genuine necklace in her hand, Jenny pressed her lips together, with tears blurring her vision． (4)Tom threw himself into his mother's arms and tears of shame and embarrassment welled up in his eyes.(心理描写) ①Tom threw himself into his mother's arms，with tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes．(with复合结构) ②Tom threw himself into his mother's arms，tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes．(独立主格结构) 1.You can't change the past，but you can ruin the present by worrying about the future.(主旨升华) 2．To save giant pandas，our government has set up some nature reserves. 3．According to the rules, all the visitors are banned from touching the statue. 4．You can resort to professionals for an effective approach to free us from our phone dependence，if necessary.(建议信) 5．With a broad smile spreading on his face，he told me that he was proud of my wonderful performance.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) [遮住左栏尝试背诵] 1．你改变不了过去，但如果你忧虑未来，将会毁了现在。 2．为了拯救大熊猫，我们的政府设立了一些自然保护区。 3．根据规定，所有游客不得触摸该雕像。 4．如果有必要，你可以求助于专业人士，找到一个有效的方法来摆脱对手机的依赖。 5．他脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容，告诉我他为我的精彩表现感到骄傲。 题组一　单句语法填空 1．Ancient Egyptians knew of means to preserve dead bodies from decay. 2．I have always completed every assignment (assign) you have given me. 3．When talking to a friend, we should be frank and without reserve. 4．The students must submit themselves (they) to the disciplines at school. 5．It is reported that the repair work was suspended (suspend) several days later. 6．Three days later, the fire was put out and some 500 blocks lay/were in ruins. 7．As a matter of fact, some people destroyed the heritage sites on purpose. 8．The tutor says that all the papers must be submitted (submit) by March 11. 9．Henry's opinions conflicted with mine, so we had to have a debate. 10．We had made our reservation (reserve) six months earlier，but the girl at the front desk said there had been a mistake. 题组二　多义词汇辨析 1．选出句中reserve的词性及含义 A．vt.预订　B．vt.保留；预留　C．n.备用，储备　D．n.保护区 ①Saturdays are busy，so it's a good idea to reserve a table in advance. A ②Having created nine such ice reserves，Norphel calculates that he has stored about 200，000 m3 of water. C ③It's said that this area was once a wildlife reserve. D ④Don't sit here.These seats are reserved for the elderly and disabled. B 2．选出名词entry的汉语意思 A.进入权；进入许可　B．进入，入口　C．词条；条目；项目 ①His main duty is to measure body temperature and check the passes for exit and entry.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ) B ②Born during the Ming Dynasty，Tang sought and failed to gain entry into the civil service，so he turned to painting instead. A ③People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it. C 3．写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 ①I nailed a sign to the tree making sure everyone passing by can see it clearly.v.固定 ②He collapsed with a heart attack while he was dancing.vi.昏倒 (一)应用文写作 [话题作文——生态与环境] 假定你是李华，针对当今环境问题的现状，写一篇短文，内容包括： 1．环境问题及现状； 2．解决措施。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 1．利用本单元所学知识翻译句子 ①为了保护我们的生态系统不再继续被破坏，政府已经采取了一系列措施。 In order to preserve our ecosystem from being damaged continuously，the government has taken a series of measures. ②为了保护濒临灭绝的动物，更多的自然保护区已经得以建立。 More nature reserves have been set up to protect the endangered animals. ③许多法律已经生效，比如非法狩猎的禁令。 Many laws have come into effect such as a ban on illegal hunt. ④作为学生，如果可能的话，我们也应该竭尽全力保护我们的生态系统。(if省略结构) As students，if possible，we should spare no effort to protect our ecosystem. ⑤我们可以通过少吃肉或使用公共交通出行来实现低碳生活，以此来避免破坏大自然。 We could live a low­carbon life by eating less meat and traveling by public transport to avoid ruining the nature. ⑥我们绝不应该屈服于任何困难。(倒装) By no means should we submit ourselves to any difficulty. 2．使用恰当的过渡衔接词汇连句成篇 In order to preserve our ecosystem from being damaged continuously，the government has taken a series of measures.Firstly，more nature reserves have been set up to protect the endangered animals.Many laws have come into effect such as a ban on illegal hunt.As students，if possible，we should spare no effort to protect our ecosystem.We could live a low­carbon life by eating less meat and traveling by public transport to avoid ruining the nature. Most importantly，by no means should we submit ourselves to any difficulty. (二)读后续写 [动作与神情描写4——各种“笑”] 词块 ①a big/broad/wide/bright smile 灿烂的微笑 ②smile and wink 笑着眨眼 ③a smiling face 笑脸 ④force/manage a smile 强作欢颜 ⑤flash a bright smile 露出灿烂的微笑 ⑥with a laugh 笑了一声 ⑦burst into laughter 大笑 ⑧beam with smiles 笑逐颜开 ⑨explode with laughter 哄堂大笑 ⑩scream/roar with laughter 放声大笑 ⑪laugh from ear to ear 笑得合不拢嘴 续写场景训练——詹妮向母亲炫耀她的新画 1．15岁的詹妮嘴角挂着灿烂的笑容，跑到妈妈屋里炫耀她的新画。 With a broad/ wide/ bright smile on her lips, 15­year­old Jenny rushed to her mom's room to show off her new painting.(介词短语) 2．她妈妈停下来转过脸朝她微笑。 Her mother stopped to turn a smiling face to her．(分词作定语) 3．美丽的画让她妈妈激动不已，笑容满面。 Her mother was thrilled at the beautiful painting, a broad smile spreading across/ crossing her face．(独立主格) 4．她笑着朝詹妮眨了眨眼：“詹妮，你画得真好，我相信你会成为一个著名的画家。我真为你骄傲。” She smiled and winked at Jenny，“Jenny, you paint really well.I'm sure you will be a famous painter one day.I'm so proud of you.”(简单句) 5．当詹妮想象着自己成为画家时，她的脸上容光焕发，嘴角露出微笑。 When she pictured herself becoming a painter, her face lit up and lips curved in a smile．(简单句) 6．她带着灿烂的笑容，满怀期待地奔进自己的卧室。 Smiling widely, she hurried to her bedroom with great expectations.(分词作状语) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$