选择性必修第二册 Unit 2 Improving yourself(word教师用书)-【正禾一本通】2025年高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（外研版2019）

学续写思路　背精彩范文(题材：成长感悟——知错能改、善待他人) 写作思路：当面致歉——被原谅——感悟 精彩范文 (2024·山东烟台市二模) Paragraph 2： To Jack’s joy, a net friend sent a message saying where the lady lived. With gifts, Jack headed for the lady’s home. Answering the door, the lady was surprised but immediately got aware of what was going on ①. She gave Jack a hug, saying smilingly, “So glad to see you well, son.”“Sorry, I came for apologies. I behaved so rudely... and thanks for your help. Otherwise...” Jack choked, ashamed and grateful. “Treat others as you’d like to be treated. Everything will change for the better. I have faith in you，” she comforted the young man affectionately. The incident dramatically transformed Jack, who became helpful, friendly and popular. 微点透视 1.富有表现力的动词、名词、形容词和副词 surprised，immediately，hug，smilingly，rudely, ashamed，grateful，comforted，affectionately 2.精彩的情感描写 Jack choked, ashamed and grateful　 3.亮眼的高级句式 ①此处是what引导的宾语从句，作介词的宾语。what也常引导及物动词的宾语从句。 佳句仿写 ①我很确定他那时并不知道你的意思。 I am quite sure he had no idea of what you meant． ②她无法抑制住自己的泪水，哽咽着说不出话来，羞愧和感激交织在一起。 She couldn’t hold back her tears as she choked on her own words，ashamed and grateful/overwhelmed by a mix of shame and gratitude． 单词默写 根据汉语写单词并背诵 第一组：名词 1．headline 　　　 n．媒体报道的热门话题；标题 2．detox n．脱瘾 3．bin n．垃圾箱 4．headphones n．(头戴式)耳机 5．fundraising n．募捐，筹款 6．soap n．肥皂 7．nail n．钉子 8．deadline n．截止时间；最后期限 学生用书第202页 9．moderator 　　　　 n．主持人 10．jar n．(玻璃)罐子，广口瓶 11．towel n．毛巾 12．profile n．概况 13．district n．地区，区域 14．item n．一件商品(或物品) 第二组：其他 15．likewise adv.同样地；相似地 16．switch v．(用开关)改变，转换 17．lifelong adj.终身的 18．spit v．吐口水，吐唾沫 情境运用 选用左栏单词的正确形式填空 1．The law would encourage companies to switch from coal to cleaner fuels. 2．A profile of someone is a short article or program in which their life and character are described. 3．A headline is the title of a newspaper story，printed in large letters at the top of the story. 4．It is reported that the most valuable item on show will be a Picasso drawing. 5．Lifelong means existing or happening for the whole of a person’s life. 教考衔接 1．(2023·浙江1月卷)I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago... 2．(2021·天津3月卷)We provide full furnishings，like donated kitchen equipment and furniture items，for the new homes of people who were once homeless. 3．(2021·浙江1月卷)He studied it and realized he was looking at a town’s central business district from a bird’s-eye view. 词形转换 第一组：动词变形 1．consider v．考虑；认为→considerate adj.替他人着想的→consideration n．深思，考虑周到 2．distract v．分散(注意力)，使分心→distraction n．分散注意力的事；娱乐 3．occupy v．占用，占去(时间)→occupation n．工作；职业；占用→occupied adj.使用中；忙于；被占领的 4．promote v．促进，增进→promotion n．促进，增进 5．invest v．投资→investment n．投资→investor n．投资者，投资机构 6．motivate v．激励，激发→motivation n．激励，激发→motivated adj.积极的，主动的 7．rely v．(为生活或生存而)依赖→reliable adj.可以依靠的，可依赖的→reliably adv.可依靠地；可信赖地 8．equip v．使有知识和技能，使能够胜任→equipment n．设备，装备→equipped adj.能胜任的 9．clarify v．澄清，讲清楚，阐明→clarification n．清楚，明白 第二组：名词、形容词变形 10．secure adj.安全的；可靠的→security n．安全 11．necessary adj.必需的→necessarily adv.必需地，必要地→necessity n．必需品 12．appropriate adj.恰当的；合适的→appropriately adv.恰当地；合适地→inappropriate adj.不恰当的；不合适的 学生用书第203页 13．object n．物体，东西→objective adj.客观的n．目标→objectively adv.客观地 14．access n．接触的机会→accessible adj.易到达的；平易近人的→accessibly adv.易到达地；平易近人地 15．constant adj.重复的，连续不断的→constantly adv.持续不断地；经常地 16．vision n．设想，构想→visional adj.虚幻的；视力的→visionary adj.有眼力的，有远见卓识的 情境运用 用所给单词正确形式填空 1．Though the local government adjusted to the present situation，many investors are still cautious about their investment in this area，because they don’t want their invested money to be lost. (invest) 2．Most people think a certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life and it is generally accepted that people are motivated by success. (motivate) 3．Through constant innovation，the company has improved its product quality constantly. (constant) 4．Having access to the Internet at home is a huge step in making online education accessible to everybody. (access) 5．We simply want to inform people objectively (objective) about events. 6．It is considerate of you to take her illness into consideration. (consider) 7．We launched a big advertising campaign to promote our new toothpaste，and the promotion succeeded at last. In return for our efforts，all the staff in our department got promoted. (promote) 8．Much money allocated to our school，all classrooms in our school are equipped with advanced teaching equipment. (equip) 9．Many people in Africa cannot even afford basic necessities (necessary) such as food and clothing. 10．He occupies an important position in a company，and is occupied with all kinds of activities，so his occupation brings him great fame and fortune. (occupy) 教考衔接 1．(2023·浙江1月卷)With gas prices rising and airport security(secure) lines snaking longer than ever，why not book your next domestic vacation on a train？ 2．(2022·全国乙卷)A four-year tea promotion(promote) —Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative. 规律总结 以字母e 结尾的形容词多数直接加-ly变副词。 rude→rudely粗鲁地 polite→politely礼貌地 extreme→extremely极其地 complete→completely极度地；彻底地 fortunate→fortunately幸运地 entire→entirely完全地 immediate→immediately立刻地 absolute→absolutely立即；绝对地 短语词块 根据汉语写短语词块并背诵 1．in control of　　　 支配；控制 2．switch on (用开关)开，打开 3．be responsible for 对……负责 4．rely on 依靠，依赖 5．on average 平均 6．throw in the towel 认输 7．put off 推迟，延期 8．be faced with 面临，面对 9．come up with 提出 10．put aside 把……放在一边 11．max out (钱)花光；(信用卡)刷爆 12．work out 弄明白；计算出 13．vary from 与……不同 14．personal finances (个人的)财务管理 15．in contrast to 与……形成对比 16．take up 发展某种兴趣或者爱好；从事 17．on reflection 经再三思考 18．miss out 错过机会；遗漏 19．to be honest 坦白说，诚实地说 情境运用 选用左栏短语词块的正确形式填空 1．I’m glad that you could make it，I didn’t want you to miss out． 2．In his spare time，he either listens to soft music to relax himself or switches on the TV to watch news. 3．Don’t rely on going abroad for our holiday；we may not be able to afford it. 4．It’s unwise to max out your credit card for an expensive but not essential item. 5．By setting goals you are in control of your life. It’s like having a map showing you where you want to go. 6．He used to put aside his work to spend more time with his son. 教考衔接 1．(2023·浙江1月卷)In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City，the Summer Palace，and the Temple of Heaven，the hutongs reflect the culture of grassroots Beijingers. 2．(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long you’ve felt that way. 学生用书第204页 教材原文背诵 佳句仿写运用 1.without隐含条件虚拟条件句 ...but without access to social media I couldn’t remember where it was！ 没有空气、水和能量就没有生物。 Without air，water and energy，there would be no living things． 2.whether...or...引导让步状语从句 Whether you want to help out a friend，give money to an animal charity or to children in another country，it’s your money to give to whatever cause you believe in. 无论你是否喜欢他们的音乐，你都无法否认他们的才能。 Whether you love or hate their music，you can’t deny their talent. 用所给单词的正确形式填空或者填入一个合适的词(黑体部分是本单元词汇)。 Through teaching myself to love reading，I gathered some tips to motivate you 1.to take (take) up reading. Don’t give up after the first book. To be 2.honest (honesty)，if I quit reading after my first book，I would never have become the reader I am today. Surely，you won’t love every book you read. Some will bore you while others will get you to occupy 3.yourself (you) in reading every page. If you don’t like the first book you read，put it aside and switch 4.to another one. Track your progress. If you track the books you read，you will definitely feel a greater sense of achievement after each book. It is appropriate 5.to create (create) a routine. Whether that is early in the morning or before bed，coming 6.up with a routine is 7.of necessity. What’s more，choosing a place where you are unlikely to 8.be distracted (distract) from your reading. Overall，reading is a lifelong hobby. Don’t equip yourself 9.with complicated books；invest your time 10.in the books which interest you. Part 1　核心词汇·多维练透 occupy v．占用，占去(时间) 单句语法填空/读后续写之心理描写 ①I would have accompanied you，but I was occupied (occupy) in preparing for the final exam. ②Choosing an occupation (occupy) takes time，and there are a lot of things you have to think about. ③在那些漫长而孤独的夜晚，我迫切需要一些东西来让自己忙碌起来。 I desperately needed something to keep myself occupied during those long，lonely nights. [真题衔接]　④(2020·天津卷)It encourages us to occupy (occupy) our own little corner，to avoid foolish leaps into the dark，to be satisfied. 学生用书第205页 (1)occupy oneself with sth/in doing sth 忙于(做)某事；专心于(做)某事 (2)be occupied in doing sth 忙于做某事 be occupied with sth 忙于某事 keep sb/oneself occupied 使某人/自己忙碌 (3)occupation n．职业；占据 access n．接触的机会 单句语法填空/应用文写作之介绍地方 ①(2021·北京卷)Your application will be accessed (access) by UNESCO managers and will stay in our database for six months. ②(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)The authorities closed access to the bridge and tens of thousands of people made their way back to land. ③我校体育馆对我们学生来说很方便，我们锻炼时能使用。 Our school stadium is accessible to us students，and we can get easy access to it when taking exercise. [真题衔接]　④(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)As cities balloon with growth，access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. (1)have/get/gain (no) access to...有(没有)……的机会；可以(无法)获取/进入/接近…… (2)access n．通道 access to... 去……的通道/入口 (3)accessible adj.可接近的，可进入的 sth be accessible to sb 某人可接近/可靠近/可使用某物 rely v．(为生活或生存)而依赖 单句语法填空/读后续写之心理活动描写 ①As he lacks relevant experience，you can’t rely on him to perform (perform) the task. ②You can rely on it that my introduction and efforts can deepen visitors’ understanding of traditional Chinese culture. ③伯纳德下定决心以他们为榜样，成为一个别人可以依靠的人。 Bernard made up his mind to follow their examples to be a reliable person whom others can rely on for help． [真题衔接]　④(2022·全国甲卷)The next step，according to the researchers，is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues，or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections. (1)rely v．依靠 rely on sb/sth for sth 依靠某人/某物得到某物 rely on sb/sth to do sth 指望/相信某人/某物会做某事 (2)rely on(doing)...依赖/信任/指望…… (3)rely on it that...相信……；指望…… (4)reliable adj.可依赖的 equip v．使有知识和技能，使能够胜任 单句语法填空/应用文写作之建议信 ①The lecture is aimed at equipping (equip) you with the ways to read those body language’s giveaways. ②Equipped (equip) with the appropriate skills for the job and a good command of English，I am suitable for the job. ③多参加课外活动和同学们多交流，这不仅能让你更好地适应社会生活，而且能交更多朋友。 Get involved in more after-school activities and communicate more with others，which will not only equip you for social life but also make more friends. [真题衔接]　④(2021·全国甲卷)After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment (equip) at the wall，we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history! 学生用书第206页 (1)equip v．装备；配备 equip sb/sth with sth 使某人/某物配备/具备…… equip sb/oneself for sth 使某人/自己为……做好准备 equip sb to do sth 使某人能做某事 (2)be fully/well/badly equipped 装备齐全/好/简陋 be equipped with sth 安装/配备/具备某物 be equipped for 为……做好准备 (3)equipment n．装备 in control of 控制 单句语法填空/读后续写之情感描写 ①The more you learn and the more you try，the more you will be able to take control of your food and your schedule. ②There has been some violence after the match，but the police are now in control of the situation. ③火势已经无法控制，我们束手无策，彻底绝望了。 There was nothing we could do about it—the fire was beyond our control．A wave of desperation swept over us. [中国元素]　China continues to take control over its vast network of high-speed railways，connecting major cities and regions across the country. 中国继续控制其庞大的高速铁路网络，连接全国主要城市和地区。 take/gain/get control of 控制；支配 have control of/over (对……)有控制能力 lose control of 失去对……的控制 out of control 失去控制；不受控制 beyond one’s control 某人无法控制 under control 被控制住/在控制中 under the control of...受……的控制/管理 put aside 把……放在一边；不理睬；储蓄；保留 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作细节描写 ①If you’re planning a trip to the museum，be sure to put aside at least an hour and a half. ②Her parents put up a huge tent behind the house，and decorated it with balloons and twinkle lights. ③一到家，麦克斯就把书包放一边，在自来水下迅速洗手，和家人一起在桌边狼吞虎咽地吃午饭。 On arriving home，Max put aside his schoolbag，washed his hands quickly under the running water and wolfed his lunch beside the table with his family. [中国元素]　China encourages its citizens to put aside their differences and work together towards common goals，developing a sense of unity and harmony within its diverse population. 中国鼓励其人民抛开分歧，为共同的目标而努力，在多样化的民族大家庭中培养团结与和谐的意识。 put forward 提出；提前；向前拨(时钟指针) put on 穿上；上演 put up提供；建造；举起；供给……住宿 put together 放在一起；组合；装配 put down 镇压；记下；放下 put up with 忍受；容忍 switch on (用开关)开，打开 单句语法填空/读后续写之场景事物描写 ①The remote control allows you to switch (switch) between TV channels. ②She switched on the lamp because it was dark. ③水停后，吹风机开关自动打开，并吹出热风吹干衣服。 When the water is stopped，a blower switch is automatically switched/turned on，and it blows out hot air to dry the clothes. [真题衔接]　④(2022·全国乙卷)They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching (switch) points. 学生用书第207页 (1)switch off关上；不听；不理睬 switch...(from)...to...(从……)转换到…… switch sth with sb 与某人调换某物 switch over 改变；转换 switch between...and...在……和……之间转换 (2)turn switches on/off打开/关上开关 Part 2　经典句式·写作迁移 句型公式：whether...or...无论是……还是…… 单句语法填空/读后续写之情感心理细节描写 ①So long as you try your best，it doesn’t matter whether you win or not. ②For a moment，she just stood there，feeling at a loss whether to stay here or leave at once. ③他感到沮丧和焦虑，开始怀疑这个志愿者工作是否值得做。 He felt upset and anxious，beginning to doubt whether (or not) the voluntary job was one worthwhile to do． [真题衔接]　④(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail(小径)，camping，or just enjoying (enjoy) the park’s amazing wildlife from the road，this quick workshop is for you and your family. (1)whether...or...“无论是……还是……，不管是……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。 (2)whether...or...也可引导名词性从句作主语或宾语。 (3)whether...or not不论是否 Part 3　知识拾遗·查缺补漏 Ⅰ.单元词汇拾遗 短语背诵 motivate sb to do sth 激励某人做某事 step away from远离，逃避 be appropriate for适合于 语境运用 1．When communicating with your child，always maintain your sense of humor and pleasant mood to motivate him to continue speaking. 2．If you don’t step away from the dog，you may be bitten. 3．This dress would be appropriate for a formal occasion. Ⅱ.熟词生义——写出句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 1．He is motivated entirely by self-interest. 成为……的动机 2．Please motivate your answer to question. 说明……的原因 3．(2021·全国甲卷)We accessed the wall (the Xi’an City Wall) through the South Gate. 进入 4．(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms. 通道 5．If a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare，the switch allows the original prey to recover. 转变 Ⅰ.应用文写作增分练 [单元语料积累] 单元话题 完善自我——中学生在学校使用手机的弊端 单元词汇 security, occupy, distract, access, appropriate, promote; in contrast to, rely on，switch on 经典句型 it作形式主语句型；分词短语作定语或状语；宾语从句 [句子基础写作] 请根据汉语提示，使用上面所列本单元知识完成句子。 1．与过去相比，许多中学生严重依赖他们的智能手机。 In contrast to the past, many middle school students rely heavily on their smartphones． 学生用书第208页 2．获取信息的便利性以及与他人保持联系的能力似乎提高了效率。 The convenience of having access to information and the ability to stay connected with others seem to promote efficiency． 3．重要的是要认识到允许移动设备进入教室的潜在缺点。 It is important to acknowledge the potential disadvantages of allowing mobile devices in the classroom. 4．安全成为学生访问不当网站的主要问题。 Security becomes a major concern with students visiting inappropriate websites. 5．这会分散自己和同学的注意力，对整体学习体验产生负面影响。 This can distract both themselves and their classmates, causing negative impact on the overall learning experience. 6．智能手机的存在会在课堂上占据学生的注意力，导致学习成绩下降。 The presence of smartphones can occupy students’ attention during class, leading to a decline in academic performance． 7．教育工作者和家长必须找到一个平衡和适当的指导方针，以确保在课堂上负责任地使用移动设备。 It is essential for educators and parents to find a balance and appropriate guidelines to ensure that mobile devices are used responsibly in the classroom. [语段衔接成篇] 请运用恰当的过渡衔接词组织语段 In contrast to the past, nowadays, many middle school students rely heavily on their smartphones. The convenience of having access to information and the ability to stay connected with others seem to promote efficiency. However, it is important to acknowledge the potential disadvantages of allowing mobile devices in the classroom. Firstly, security becomes a major concern with students visiting inappropriate websites. This can distract both themselves and their classmates, causing negative impact on the overall learning experience. Moreover, the presence of smartphones can occupy students’ attention during class, leading to a decline in academic performance. In conclusion, it is essential for educators and parents to find a balance and appropriate guidelines to ensure that mobile devices are used responsibly in the classroom. Ⅱ.读后续写微技能——人物尴尬、羞愧情感描写 [素材积累巧背] 基础词汇 ①形容词embarrassed尴尬的，ashamed羞愧的，humiliated受辱的，awkward令人尴尬的，uncomfortable不舒服的，self-conscious自我意识的，uneasy不安的 ②副词embarrassedly尴尬地，shamefully羞愧地，awkwardly尴尬地，uncomfortably不舒服地 ③名词embarrassment尴尬，shame羞愧，humiliation羞辱，awkwardness尴尬 必备词块 ①feel incredibly embarrassed感到非常尴尬 ②leave sb feeling ashamed 让某人羞愧万分 ③an awkward silence between them after their argument争吵后他们之间出现了尴尬的沉默 ④cause a sense of unease among the participants 使参与者感到不安 ⑤couldn’t find the right words to respond to the unexpected question无法找到合适的词语回答这个出乎意料的问题 ⑥give an embarrassed cough尴尬地咳了一下 一、根据所给汉语完成句子 1．客人显然很生气，狠狠地看了我一眼。 The guest, visibly irritated, shot me an annoyed look． 2．我结结巴巴地道歉，脸都红了。 I stammered out an apology, my face turning red． 3．这真是一个尴尬的时刻，我希望它能很快消失。 It was a truly awkward moment that I wished it would quickly fade away. 4．在一个拥挤的聚会上，我不小心撞到了一个服务员，使他把饮料洒了一位贵宾一身。 In the midst of a crowded party, I accidentally bumped into a waiter, causing him to spill drinks all over a distinguished guest． 5．房间里鸦雀无声，所有的目光都转向了我，感到了尴尬的重压。 The room fell silent as all eyes turned to me, feeling the weight of embarrassment． 二、按照合适的逻辑关系将上面句子重新排序合并成语段 In the midst of a crowded party, I accidentally bumped into a waiter, causing him to spill drinks all over a distinguished guest. The room fell silent as all eyes turned to me, feeling the weight of embarrassment. The guest, visibly irritated, shot me an annoyed look, while I stammered out an apology, my face turning red. It was a truly awkward moment that I wished it would quickly fade away. 单元测评26　Unit 2　Improving yourself (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) (本栏目内容在学生用书中以活页形式分册装订！) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共40分) A You might have heard someone say that a song changed their life. And maybe you used to hate tomatoes, but now you like them. No one doubts that we change as we grow older. But do we change in major ways? Can we really change who we are? People used to believe we stay pretty much the same throughout our lives, but researchers are increasingly finding that we can and do change in big ways. Psychologists have identified five dimensions that help us understand someone’s personality, which are called the“Big Five”．They are： ●Openness: How open are you to trying new things? ●Conscientiousness (尽责): How responsible are you? ●Extroversion (外向)：How friendly, outgoing, and enthusiastic are you? ●Agreeableness: How caring, trusting, and generous are you? ●Emotional stability: How calm are you, especially when problems arise? Everyone has different levels of the big five dimensions. For example, Harry Potter has high levels of openness to experience, while Hermione Granger would score high in conscientiousness. Scientists used to think that each person’s“Big Five” stayed the same their whole life, but newer research suggests that the dimensions do change. People who took a personality test as teenagers scored very differently when they took the same test 50 years later. Three dimensions usually changed more than the others, which are emotional stability, conscientiousness, and agreeableness. In fact, most adults were more emotionally stable, more conscientious, and more agreeable than when they were younger. Researchers considered this a sign that we mature over time, perhaps learning to get along better with others. Even though people change over time, the relationship between dimensions often remains similar. For example, someone who was very open to new experiences but who was not agreeable as a teenager was likely still more open to new things than agreeable as an adult. Scores changed, and sometimes changed a lot, but they didn’t change randomly. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究。科学家们过去认为，每个人的人格在一生中都是一样的，但最新研究表明，每个人的“大五人格”会随着年龄增长而发生变化。 1．Why does the author mention Harry Potter and Hermione Granger in Paragraph 3? A．To identify the impact of the big five dimensions. B．To stress the value of openness and responsibility. C．To analyze some main characters in popular fiction. D．To illustrate various degrees of personality dimensions. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，作者列举哈利·波特和赫敏·格兰杰是为了说明每个人都拥有不同程度的“大五人格”。故选D项。 2．Which of the following is the most likely result of people’s aging? A．Becoming more hot-tempered. B．Becoming more considerate. C．Becoming less responsible. D．Becoming less generous. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In fact, most adults were more emotionally stable, more conscientious, and more agreeable than when they were younger.”可知，研究发现，大多数成年人比年轻时情绪更稳定、更认真、更随和。由此可推断，一个人变老的结果可能是变得更体贴周到。故选B项。 3．What does the last paragraph suggest about one’s personality dimensions? A．Personality dimensions change accidentally. B．One is likely to be more open than agreeable. C．Relationship between dimensions stays unchanged. D．Changes in personality dimensions follow some pattern. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Even though people change over time, the relationship between dimensions often remains similar.”以及“Scores changed, and sometimes changed a lot, but they didn’t change randomly.”可知，即使人们随着时间的推移而改变，人格维度之间的关系通常保持相似。各维度的程度可能会改变，甚至变化很大，但不是随机变化。也就是说，人格维度的变化遵循一定的模式。故选D项。 4 Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．The Effects of Changing B．What Are the“Big Five”? C．Do People Really Change? D．Personality Dimensions Matter 答案：C 解析：标题归纳题。根据首段中的“Can we really change... we can and do change in big ways.”可知，作者通过询问“人真的会变吗？”引出本文的话题，并引用研究者的发现，证实人的“大五人格”确实会发生变化，接着在下文中围绕该主题进一步分析了人变化的原因，所以“人真的会变吗？”符合文章的主题。故选C项。 B (2024·青岛适应性检测) Everyone knows what makes a good story. Our hero starts their journey as a flawed being. In scene after scene, they face challenges that push them down new paths. By the end of the tale, they overcome setbacks and become a better person in the process. We love these plots in the novels we read but the principles of a good story offer much more than entertainment. Recent research shows that the narratives we tell ourselves about our lives can powerfully help us recover from stress. People who generate tales of struggling and turning over a new leaf from their own lives appear to have much better mental health. Professor Dan McAdams put forward this idea and discovered that whether someone can describe having had some control over events in their past is an important predictor of mental health. Another key theme involved is finding some kind of positive meaning after stressful events. McAdams invited 14- and 15-year-olds to join in an experiment to write about their experiences of failure and success. Half of them were then given extra instructions to describe the ways they had made their success a reality and how the failure had changed them for the better. Eight weeks later, members of this group reported greater persistence and better grades in their schoolwork. Exciting as these results are, some experts sound a few notes of caution. They worry that, hearing about the power of self-narratives, many people may feel they have to find a positive turning point in life. If they can’t, they could end up feeling guilty about having somehow “failed”． Clearly self-narratives aren’t the panacea．Nevertheless, if you hope for self-improvement, you can use the findings to good effect. By recognizing ourselves as the hero at the center of our own struggles, we can all become the author of our own destiny and change ourselves for the better. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。最近的研究表明，我们对自己生活的描述可以有力地帮助我们从压力中恢复过来。那些讲述自己在生活中挣扎并重新开始的人似乎心理更健康。 5．What does the research focus on? A．The causes of stress. B．The principles of narrative. C．The connection between struggle and well-being. D．The link between mental health and self-narratives. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Recent research shows that... to have much better mental health.”可知，研究的重点是心理健康和自我叙述之间的联系。故选D项。 6．Why is the experiment mentioned in Paragraph 3? A．To give proof. B．To make predictions. C．To draw a conclusion. D．To make comparisons. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“McAdams invited 14- and 15-year-olds... grades in their schoolwork.”可推知，在第三段中提到这个实验是为了提供证据。故选A项。 7．What does the underlined word“panacea” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Attempt to get rid of worries. B．Means of recognizing yourself. C．Solution to adolescent problems. D．Guarantee to become better people. 答案：D 解析：词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Exciting as these results are... about having somehow ’failed’．”可知，自我叙述并不能保证就可以成为更好的人。故画线词意思是“保证成为更好的人”。故选D项。 8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Embrace Life Struggles B．Be Your Own Hero C．Ways to Make a Good Story D．The Power of Self-improvement 答案：B 解析：标题归纳题。纵观全文，尤其是根据最后一段内容可知，文章主要说明了：研究表明我们对自己生活的描述可以有力地帮助我们从压力中恢复过来。那些讲述自己在生活中挣扎并重新开始的人似乎心理更健康。故B选项“做自己的英雄”最符合文章标题。故选B项。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题2分，共30分) At 20, I was scared and lonely. My laptop was filled with the beginning of novels, half-finished song lyrics(歌词)—things I’d started with teenage 　1　only to be disappointed by my lack of creativity. I was 　2　 trying to find a new way to approach life, with no one to 　3　 me in the right direction. One Saturday, I went to a training day for my school’s new journalism team. The teacher suggested I start a blog as a good way to get into 　4　．Bored and in need of a 　5　，I immediately set up a Blogger account. As I typed post after post in the months that followed, I assumed I would run out of 　6　．But somehow writing about the news and, later, about 　7　，came easily. Here was something interesting that required only a laptop and an 　8　．I loved the research that went into each post, loved being able to 　9　 what interested me and loved finding just the right phrase to describe how I 　10　．I found something I was good at and more importantly, something I 　11　． I kept posting and slowly I got better. I 　12　，edited and even learned how to employ a metaphor. It wasn’t long until my mind was made up: I was going to be a(n) 　13　． Seven years later, I am. Having just completed a fantastic placement(实习) in a local newspaper, I have never been so 　14　 to my younger self for actually listening to the one piece of advice that turned out to 　15　 most. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者想尝试一种新的生活方式，但是苦于无人指点。有一次作者听从了老师的建议，开始写博客，渐渐地发现了自己擅长和喜欢的事。这让作者不再孤单和害怕，并找到了人生目标。 1．A．confusion B．maturity C．enthusiasm D．innocence 答案：C 解析：根据前文“At 20, I was scared and lonely. My laptop was filled with the beginning of novels, half-finished song lyrics(歌词)”可知，作者20岁时，电脑里都是小说开头和写了一半的歌词；根据常识可知，这些都是带着年少时的热情做的事。故选C项。 2．A．praised B．stuck C．tricked D．punished 答案：B 解析：根据后文“with no one to________ me in the right direction”可知，作者苦于无人指点，所以在寻找新的生活方式的时候，作者是被困住了。故选B项。 3．A．defend B．force C．point D．join 答案：C 解析：根据前文“I was ________ trying to find a new way to approach life...”可知，作者被困住了，苦于无人指点。故选C项。 4．A．socializing B．advertising C．debating D．writing 答案：D 解析：根据第三段中“As I typed post after post in the months that followed...”可知，作者开始一篇一篇地写博客，所以写博客是开始写作的好方法。故选D项。 5．A．project B．course C．tour D．budget 答案：A 解析：根据前文“I was________ trying to find a new way to approach life...”以及前文中的Bored 可知，作者现在很无聊，想寻找一种新的生活方式，所以作者是需要一个计划。故选A项。 6．A．steam B．time C．money D．luck 答案：A 解析：根据后文“But somehow writing about the news and, later, about ________，came easily.”可知，作者原本以为写作会让自己筋疲力尽，但实际上写作很容易。run out of steam是固定短语，意为“筋疲力尽”。故选A项。 7．A．events B．myself C．celebrities D．society 答案：B 解析：根据后文“... loved finding just the right phrase to describe how I ________.”可知，后来作者开始写自己的感受，所以是指写与自己相关的东西。故选B项。 8．A．idea B．option C．excuse D．answer 答案：A 解析：根据前文“But somehow writing about the news and, later, about ________，came easily.”可知，作者觉得写博客简单。结合常识可知，因为写博客只要有电脑和想法就行。故选A项。 9．A．transform B．reject C．predict D．explore 答案：D 解析：根据前文“I loved the research that went into each post...”以及本句结构可知，本句是排比句，空处应和research 意思相近。结合选项可知，D项explore“探索”符合语境，表示探索作者感兴趣的东西。故选D项。 10．A．acted B．felt C．developed D．succeeded 答案：B 解析：根据前文“loved being able to ________what interested me and loved finding just the right phrase to describe”可知，本句是排比句。结合上文内容可知，作者喜欢探索自己感兴趣的东西。结合选项可知，空处和上文对应，此处应是指作者喜欢找到合适的短语来描述自己的感受。故选B项。 11．A．resisted B．remembered C．explained D．enjoyed 答案：D 解析：根据第一段中的“My laptop was filled with the beginning of novels, half-finished song lyrics(歌词)...”以及空前的“I found something I was good at and more importantly...”可推知，作者是喜欢写作的，所以这里指作者找到了自己擅长的东西，更重要的是，找到了自己喜欢的东西。故选D项。 12．A．redrafted B．copied C．deleted D．published 答案：A 解析：根据前文“I kept posting and slowly I got better.”可知，作者的写作能力提高了，所以此处指作者重新起草和编辑自己写的文章。故选A项。 13．A．composer B．instructor C．journalist D．adventurer 答案：C 解析：根据第二段中的“I went to a training day for my school’s new journalism team”，第三段中的“writing about the news”及后文“Seven years later, I am. Having just completed a fantastic placement (实习) in a local newspaper...”可知，作者想成为一名新闻记者。故选C项。 14．A．friendly B．helpful C．mean D．grateful 答案：D 解析：根据后文“my younger self for actually listening to the one piece of advice that turned out to ________ most”可知，作者年轻时听从的一条建议在后来被证明是最重要的建议，所以此处指作者感谢年少时的自己听从老师的建议。故选D项。 15．A．matter B．differ C．cost D．happen 答案：A 解析：通读全文可知，作者想尝试一种新的生活方式，但是苦于无人指点。有一次作者听从了老师的建议，开始写博客，渐渐地发现了自己擅长和喜欢的事。这让作者不再孤单和害怕。由此可知，老师的建议是重要的。matter在此处用作动词，意为“有重大影响；要紧，重要”。故选A项。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题3分，共30分) During the summer holiday I had the chance to visit Pingtang County, Guizhou Province in Southwest China. It’s 1.________ experience I will never forget. Traveling to Guizhou by high-speed rail from Beijing, I 2.________ (astonish) at the rapid change in scenery from skyscrapers to beautiful tree-filled mountains 3.________ (rest) under a clear blue sky. Upon arrival, I visited the Pingtang International Experience Planetarium, which displays China’s 4.________ (remark)achievements in science and space technology. The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope(FAST) there is the largest one of its kind in the world. To visit FAST, visitors are not permitted 5.________ (bring) any electronic devices due to security measures. So they must record this once-in-a-lifetime moment with their hearts and minds. 6．________ (truthful), my favorite part of the trip was my personal interaction with the local community. Following the instructions, I worked on two community farms, went hiking and swam 7.________ a fresh community river alongside fish. I was educated on the regional history of the Miao people 8.________ culture is rich in fashion, food, pottery and music. After this adventure, my 9.________ (appreciate) for Chinese culture has snowballed. While I am content living and working in Beijing, Pingtang County in Guizhou has opened my eyes to the endless positive 10.________(possibility) China has to offer. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者自己去贵州省平塘县的旅游经历。 1．答案：an 解析：考查冠词。experience 意为“经历”时，为可数名词；此处表示泛指，且experience的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 2．答案：was astonished 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。“be astonished at...”意为“对……感到震惊”。此处是描述过去发生的事情，句子应用一般过去时；主语是I, be动词用was。故填was astonished。 3．答案：resting 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处需填非谓语动词作定语。动词rest和mountains之间是逻辑上的主动关系，所以空处应用其动词-ing形式。故填resting。 4．答案：remarkable 解析：考查词性转换。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词achievements。remarkable 意为“非凡的，引人注目的”。故填remarkable。 5．答案：to bring 解析：考查非谓语动词。permit sb to do sth意为“允许某人做某事”，此处考查其被动式sb be permitted to do sth。故填to bring。 6．答案：Truthfully 解析：考查词性转换。空处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式作状语。truthfully意为“如实地”。空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Truthfully。 7．答案：in 解析：考查介词。此处表示“在社区的一条淡水河里游泳”，所以用介词in。故填in。 8．答案：whose 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是the Miao people；空处在从句中作定语，且先行词和culture 之间是所属关系，空处应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 9．答案：appreciation 解析：考查词性转换。根据空前的my可知，此处应填名词作主语；appreciation 意为“欣赏”，为不可数名词。故填appreciation。 10．答案：possibilities 解析：考查名词的单复数。possibility 意为“可能性”，是可数名词。由endless 可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。故填possibilities。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$