选择性必修第一册 Unit 6 Nurturing nature(word教师用书)-【正禾一本通】2025年高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（外研版2019）

学应用文写作思路·背精彩范文 (体裁：倡议书　话题：号召同学们在春季锻炼身体) 典例呈现 　　(2024·山东省济南一模)假定你是校学生会主席李华，时值春暖花开，万物复苏，请你围绕“走进春天，锻炼身体”这一主题，在校英文报上发一封倡议书，要点如下：1.倡议的目的；2.具体内容。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式作答。 精彩范文 Dear friends， Spring has come! Flowers are blossoming and everything is coming back to life. It is high time that we embraced the bright spring and built up our body①. So let’s go outdoors and take exercise regularly. Certainly, we are supposed to do more sports daily, which is definitely beneficial to our immune system. We can play ball games, jog or take a walk after school. Besides, at weekends, it is a good choice to go hiking with our friends or family. Be ready now to strengthen our physical health and create a better life. The Students’ Union 微点透视 Ⅰ.写作架构 开篇：提出锻炼倡议 主体：介绍锻炼方式 结尾：总结提议 Ⅱ.恰当的短语表达 coming back to life, high time, built up, be supposed to, be beneficial to, be ready to Ⅲ.亮眼的高级句式 ①It is high time that...句型，意为“该到……时候了”，用于提出建议或呼吁，that从句多用一般过去时或者should do形式。 佳句仿写 ①是我们采取措施保护野生动物的时候了。 It is high time that we took some measures to protect the wild animals. ②有规律的锻炼和均衡的饮食应该能建立一个强大的免疫系统，这反过来又有利于全身健康和幸福。 Regular exercise and a balanced diet are supposed to build up a strong immune system, which in turn is beneficial to overall health and well-being. 单词默写 根据汉语写单词并背诵 第一组：名词 1．antelope 　　　　　 n．羚羊 2．emission n．散发物，排放物 3．grassland n．草原 4．leisure n．闲暇，空闲 5．radiation n．辐射 学生用书第188页 6．jungle 　　　　　 n．(热带)丛林 7．plateau n．高原 8．candidate n．申请者 9．waist n．腰，腰部 10．landmark n．地标 11．salary n．薪金，工资 12．permafrost n．永久冻土层 13．wetland n．湿地 第二组：其他 14．wander v．徘徊 15．Tibetan adj.西藏的 16．mirror-like adj.如镜面般的 17．via prep.通过(某人、某机器等)传送(某物)；借助于 18．splendid adj.壮丽的 情境运用 选用左栏单词的正确形式填空 1．The climbers stood on the top of the mountain，gazing at the splendid view. 2．He is now a candidate for a Master’s degree in social work at San Francisco State University. 3．Leisure is the time when you are not working and you can relax and do things that you enjoy. 4．A landmark is a building or feature which is easily noticed and can be used to judge your position. 教考衔接 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)In these chapters，I examine issues such as the importance of solitude and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. 2．(2022·浙江1月卷)One day，while driving near her home，she saw a dog wandering on the road，clearly lost. 3．(2021·浙江1月卷)He remembered landmarks，but since he didn’t know his town’s name，finding a small neighborhood in a vast country proved to be impossible. 词形转换 第一组：动词变形 1．operate v．操作；运转→operator n．经营者→operation n．操作；手术 2．negotiate v．协商→negotiable adj.可协商的→negotiation n．谈判；协商 3．prefer v．更喜欢→preference n．优先(权) 4．conserve vt.保护；保存→conservation n．保护；保存→conservationist n．(动植物或古旧建筑的)保护工作者；环境保护主义者 5．qualify v．取得资格(或学历)；合格→qualification n．技能条件，资格→qualified adj.合格的；具备资格的 6．apply v．申请→application n．申请书→applicant n．申请人 7．advertise v．(为……)做广告(宣传)→advertisement n．广告→advertiser n．广告商 8．disturb v．干扰，扰乱→disturbing adj.令人不安的→disturbed adj.不安的→disturbance n．打扰；干扰 第二组：名词、形容词变形 9．scene n．景色；场面→scenic adj.风景优美的，观光的→scenery n．风景，景色 10．steady adj.稳定的→steadily adv.平稳地 11．economy n．经济→economic adj.经济的，经济学的→economical adj.经济的；节约的 12．genuine adj.真的，真正的→genuinely adv.真诚地；诚实地 学生用书第189页 13．mass n．团，块；大量；许多→massive adj.巨大的 14．delicate adj.脆弱的→delicately adv.微妙地；精致地→delicacy n．美味；脆弱；周到 情境运用 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．Now is the time when we must all live as economically (economic) as possible. 2．We had planned to negotiate with the supplier about the price of the products，but he made it clear that the price was not negotiable so we had to end our negotiation. (negotiate) 3．The two brothers have different hobbies. The elder brother prefers playing football while the younger brother has a preference for music. (prefer) 4．I think the training that I have received can qualify me for the job so I believe I am qualified to apply a teacher qualification. (qualify) 5．All the applicants can apply in person or by email and at the same time should hand in their application forms before 6 May. (apply) 6．As an operator, you must think carefully about how to operate your restaurant and improve the service. (operate) 教考衔接 1．(2023·全国甲卷)Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation (conserve) groups. 2．(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)Discover the China of “past ages”，its walled cities，temples and mountain scenery (scene) with Prof. Robert Thorp. 3．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)His judgment and references are decidedly American，as well as his delicate (delicacy) stomach. 规律总结 名词后缀-er表示“从事某种职业，有某种身份的人”。 photograph 拍照→photographer摄影师 begin开始→beginner 初学者 consume 消费→consumer 消费者 carry携带→carrier 携带者 run 跑→runner 跑步者 observe 观察→observer 观察者 own 拥有→owner 拥有者；物主 read 读→reader读者 短语词块 根据汉语写短语词块并背诵 1．reach an agreement　 达成一致 2．bring...to life 使……复活 3．pull off 成功完成 4．brush off 掸去，删掉，不理睬 5．respond to 对……作出回应 6．under threat 处在威胁中 7．catch one’s eye 吸引某人的视线 8．put...into operation 投入运营 9．use up 用光 10．be made up of 由……组成 11．in turn 轮流，依次 12．in addition to 除……之外 13．be concerned about 对……担心 14．reach out 努力帮助他人；伸出手触碰 15．be involved in/with sth 涉及或与某事有牵连 16．in favour of 支持，赞同 17．be/become aware of 知道，意识到 18．be about to do 正要做…… 19．at one’s leisure 空闲时 20．in harmony with 与……和谐相处 情境运用 选用左栏短语词块的正确形式填空 1．While listening，you can nod your head to show you are in favour of his views. 2．It was so real and so close that I felt I could reach out and touch it. 3．The earth’s resources are being used up at an alarming rate. 4．There’s a postage and packing fee in addition to the repair charge. 5．We all know the theory that food is made up of carbohydrates，proteins and fats. 6．Fish stocks are already under threat from overfishing and habitat loss. 7．Women have become aware of their rights and are prepared to stand up to their employers. 8．Could you first answer me what people do at their leisure？ 教考衔接 1．(2022·全国乙卷)How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax？ 2．(2021·天津3月卷)In addition to practical skills，Pruitt’s lessons teach teamwork，encourage self-worth，and promote feelings of community. 学生用书第190页 背教材原句 仿写作佳句 1.be about to do sth “即将做某事” Sitting back in my seat，I can’t quite believe that I’m about to travel along the railway that many foreign experts claimed was “impossible”． 据说新厂房即将动工。 It’s said that work on a new factory building is about to start． 2.that引导表语从句 The most important thing was that people all over the world became aware of the beauty of the ocean in the area. 有一点我可以肯定的是她被吓坏了。 One thing I am sure of was that she was scared． 用所给单词的正确形式填空或者填入一个合适的词(黑体部分是本单元词汇)。 Thailand is a splendid holiday destination，attracting tourists from all over the world.1.Made (make) up of 76 provinces that stretch all the way down to Malaysia in the south，the country has a lot to catch visitors’ eye. A major attraction of Thailand is its amazing selection of islands，each 2.with long sandy beaches and clear blue water. Visitors to the beaches have a preference 3.for many activities，including diving and rock climbing. There are a variety of islands to suit all tastes. Be careful，however，not to wander 4.at leisure in popular islands during peak season. Many tourists also prefer 5.visiting/to visit (visit) Chiang Mai to see the beautiful 6.massive(mass) elephants，the national animal of Thailand. Unfortunately，7.it is disturbing that elephants are endangered in Thailand，but 8.conservationists (conservationist) have set up special parks to protect their safety. Visitors who are concerned 9.about these amazing creatures can also sponsor an elephant to preserve its health and keep it at liberty. Part 1　核心词汇·多维练透 favour n．支持，赞同 单句语法填空/应用文写作之求助信 ①Undoubtedly，opportunities and success tend to favour (favor) those who are ready. ②A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city were in favour of the proposal for health career form. ③我想知道你是否能帮我一个忙，指导我们修改一部短剧。 I was wondering if you could do me a favour by guiding us to revise a short play. [真题衔接]　④(2020·天津卷)Asking a favor of the President of the United States was no casual matter，especially for a seventeen-year-old girl. 学生用书第191页 (1)favour n．帮助 ask a favour of sb 请某人帮忙(照顾) do a favour for sb ＝do sb a favour 帮某人的忙 (2)in sb’s favour 对某人有利 in favour of 支持，赞同 qualification n．技能条件，资格 单句语法填空/应用文写作之申请信 ①With a good command of English，I’m quite qualified for the job. ②(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)Come and work out with our qualified (qualify) personal trainer，Jodie McGregor，on the grounds of the Middleton Lodge estate. ③我参加过类似的活动，使我能够胜任这个志愿者工作。 I have taken part in several similar activities，which will qualify me for the voluntary work. [真题衔接]　④(2023·全国乙卷)She qualified (qualify) as a surgeon in 1813，then joined the British Army，serving overseas. (1)acquire/gain qualification获得资格 have the qualification for/to do 有……的资格 (2)qualify v．取得资格；使合格 qualify sb for sth 使某人具备……资格 (3)qualified adj.有资格的，合格的 be qualified for/to do sth 有……的资格/有资格做某事 be made up of 由……组成 单句语法填空/读后续写之主旨升华 ①The hard training at my college will make up for my lack of working experience. ②The students get along well with each other in the class made (make) up of more than fifty students. ③人生曲折，要保持积极向上的态度并不总是那么容易。 With life being made up of ups and downs，it is not always easy to maintain a good and enthusiastic attitude. [真题衔接]　④(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of? make up for 补偿；弥补 make up with 与……和解 make up one’s mind 下定决心 make out 辨认出；明白；理解 make good/full use of 好好/充分利用 pull off 脱下；做成，完成(困难的事情) 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作细节描写 ①While my grandmother sat crying，my grandfather，who had been driving in silence，pulled over onto the shoulder of the highway. ②It was the perseverance and confidence that pulled us through the darkest moments of the disaster. ③他脱下外套，把它塞进书包，急忙向外走去。 He pulled off the coat，stuffed it in his bag and hurried out. [真题衔接]　④(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)As we all sat there helplessly，a fisherman pulled (pull) up，threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. pull down 摧毁，推翻；拉下来 pull in 进站；吸引 pull out驶出；驶离路边；拔出 pull over驶向路边；向路边停靠(或让车) pull up拉起；停下来；阻止 pull through 康复，痊愈；完成，做成(十分困难的事) Part 2　经典句式·写作迁移 句型公式：that 引导的表语从句 单句语法填空/读后续写之主题升华 ①The fact is that computers are of great aid to the development of science and technology. ②The advantage of smiling is (be) that it can not only make us happy，but also please others. 学生用书第192页 ③需要记住的一点是，重要的是过程，而不是最终结果。 One thing to remember is that it’s the process not the end product that matters． [真题衔接]　④(2023·全国甲卷)What we discovered is that it’s unwise (是不明智的)to judge what you eat only by its appearance. (1)that 引导表语从句时在句中无词意且不作任何成分，但通常不能省略。 (2)除了经常考查that引导的表语从句，what，where，how，why，because 引导的表语从句也是考查的重点。 Part 3　知识拾遗·查缺补漏 Ⅰ.单元词汇拾遗 短语背诵 overcome the challenges of克服……的挑战 be located at位于…… in preference for/to而不是；胜过 语境运用 1．If we keep that spirit alive，then I know that we will overcome the challenges of our time. 2．In general，exhibits in the museum located at the edge of the airfield are in good condition. 3．She chose the blue dress in preference for/to the red one. Ⅱ.熟词生义——写出句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 1．The guy has no job and spends his days wandering about. 闲逛 2．Halfway through the meeting my mind started to wander. 走神；开小差 3．The road wanders along through the hills. 蜿蜒；迂回曲折 4．(2022·全国乙卷)Can a small group of drones(无 人 机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and，at the same time，help railway operators save billions of euros each year? 操作人员 5．Opportunity favors those with a curious mind. 偏爱 Ⅰ.应用文写作增分练 [单元语料积累] 单元话题 保护自然——黄河湿地保护 单元词汇 massive, delicate, splendid，precious, wander, scenery, candidate, applicant; in favor of, at one’s leisure 经典句型 with复合结构；被动句 [句子基础写作] 请根据汉语提示，使用上面所列本单元知识完成句子。 1．为了保护脆弱的生态系统，人们采取了大量措施保护黄河湿地。 In favor of preserving the delicate ecosystem, great efforts have been made to protect the Yellow River Wetlands. 2．广阔的湿地到处都是壮丽的景色，这一地区吸引了许多候选人寻求为其保护做出贡献。 It has splendid scenery surrounding vast wetlands. This area has attracted numerous candidates seeking to contribute to its conservation． 3．申请者可以在湿地自由漫步，在闲暇时观察各种野生动物。 Applicants can wander freely through the wetland and observe the diverse wildlife at their leisure． 4．这项持续进行的保护工作，确保为子孙后代保留这珍贵的自然栖息地。 This ongoing conservation work ensures the preservation of this precious natural habitat for future generations． 学生用书第193页 [语段衔接成篇] 请运用恰当的过渡衔接词组织语段 In favor of preserving the delicate ecosystem, great efforts have been made to protect the Yellow River Wetlands. With splendid scenery surrounding vast wetlands, this area has attracted numerous candidates seeking to contribute to its conservation. As an applicant, one can wander freely through the wetland and observe the diverse wildlife at their leisure. Luckily, this ongoing conservation work ensures the preservation of this precious natural habitat for future generations. Ⅱ.读后续写微技能——人物幸福、乐观情绪描写 [素材积累巧背] 基础词汇 ①形容词：joyful快乐的，content满足的，optimistic乐观的，delighted高兴的，enthusiastic热情洋溢的 ②名词：happiness幸福，joy快乐，positivity积极性，optimism乐观，contentment满足，delight高兴，cheerfulness快乐 必备词块 ①appreciating the small joys of life 珍视生活中小小的快乐 ②dancing and laughing with joy快乐地跳舞、大笑 ③their laughter echoing through the air 他们的笑声在空中回荡 ④appreciating the warmth and peace of the moment欣赏这一刻的温暖与宁静 ⑤with an optimistic outlook怀着乐观的态度 ⑥eager to embrace the unknown渴望拥抱未知 一、根据所给汉语完成句子 1．她像个孩子一样尽情地旋转和跳舞。 She twirled and danced like a child to her heart’s content. 2．她的笑声在空中回荡。 Her laughter echoed in the air． 3．她每一步都散发出一种感染力十足的乐观，向周围的人传递着温暖。 Every step she took displayed an infectious optimism, spreading warmth to those around her． 4．她眼中闪烁着纯粹的快乐。 Her eyes shone with pure happiness． 5．莎拉在沙滩上跳跃嬉戏。 Sarah skipped along the beach． 二、按照合适的逻辑关系将上面句子重新排序合并成语段 Sarah skipped along the beach, her laughter echoing in the air. She twirled and danced like a child to her heart’s content, her eyes shining with pure happiness. Every step she took displayed an infectious optimism, spreading warmth to those around her. 单元测评24　Unit 6　Nurturing nature (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) (本栏目内容在学生用书中以活页形式分册装订！) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共20分) (2024·潍坊高三模拟) Being taken off the endangered species list doesn’t guarantee a carefree future for whales. Recent research estimates that the population of Pacific gray whales off North America’s West Coast has dwindled by almost a quarter since 2016.Starting in 2019, alarming numbers of dead gray whales were spotted on beaches and floating offshore throughout their habitat, from Mexico to Alaska. The National Marine Fisheries Service defined it as an“Unusual Mortality Event”．UMEs are declared when a“significant die-off” occurs and when information is collected to clarify why it occurs. The Arctic has historically low levels of sea ice in recent years, upending the delicate ecosystem that sustains gray whales. Like other migrators, they don’t feed on their winter breeding(繁殖) grounds or along their migration, and must gain weight during the summer to sustain themselves through the rest of the year. Observers using air photography noted the whales looked skinnier and arrived in Mexico in poor condition, which suggested they were not finding enough food during the summer. This die-off is alarmingly similar to the events of 20 years ago, when another UME resulted in a significant drop in the gray whale population. Although the cause was ultimately undetermined, it’s thought that the population reached“carrying capacity”—it grew too large for the environment to support it. Although that idea has been suggested for this die-off as well, it’s more likely blamed on the changing conditions of the Arctic. Gray whales, hunted almost to extinction by the mid-20th century, were one of the first to be protected from hunting. The Eastern North Pacific population rebounded without pressure from whaling and was taken off the Endangered Species List; the Western North Pacific population is still listed as endangered. This die-off is a reminder that“delisting” doesn’t indicate a population’s secure future. New threats arise, climate change upends habitats, and continued monitoring is needed in case a crash comes. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了被从濒危物种名单上除名并不能保证鲸鱼的未来无忧无虑。最近的研究估计，自2016年以来，北美西海岸太平洋灰鲸的数量减少了近四分之一。 1．What does the underlined word“dwindled” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Increased. B．Bounced. C．Multiplied. D．Dropped. 答案：D 解析：词义猜测题。根据下文可知，画线词所说的是“自2016年以来，北美西海岸太平洋灰鲸的数量减少了近四分之一”，因此画线词的意思是“减少”。故选D项。 2．What will gray whales usually do in winter? A．Consume few calories. B．Travel south to breed. C．March back to Alaska. D．Seek food in the Arctic. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句可推断出，灰鲸在冬天通常会南下到墨西哥繁殖。故选B项。 3．What might be the main cause of the current UME? A．Serious illnesses. B．Sea pollution. C．Environmental changes. D．Limited carrying capacity. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Although that idea has been suggested for this die-off as well, it’s more likely blamed on the changing conditions of the Arctic.”可知，当前异常死亡事件的主要原因是环境的变化。故选C项。 4．What’s the author’s attitude to the“delisting”? A．Favorable. B．Concerned. C．Intolerant. D．Regretful. 答案：B 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段的“This die-off is a reminder that ’delisting’ doesn’t indicate a population’s secure future.”可知，作者对“除名”的态度是担忧的。故选B项。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题2分，共30分) Was there anything lonelier than sitting in a doctor’s waiting room on Chinese New Year’s Eve? It would have been nice to 　1　 a conversation. However, I sat patiently as a couple of new people were in their own little 　2　．I’d probably stare at my phone if I hadn’t forgotten to 　3　 it before I left home. My checkup went well, and I breezed out to my car. I 　4　 the key. Nothing. I reached for my 　5　，and then remembered. Dead, like my car. I would have to use the phone inside. I went straight to the reception desk, hoping to whisper my 　6　，but the receptionist was not there. So I turned back to the people in the 　7　 room. “I wouldn’t 　8　 do this，” I said, hoping I sounded 　9　．Several people turned toward me from their world to 　10　．“But my car won’t start...” The nurse popped her head into the room.“I’ll get my jumper cables，” she said. The receptionist returned.“I’ve got a brand-new battery. You’re welcome to use it.”“Or mine，” another man said. A line of people 　11　 me to my car. When the receptionist gave a 　12　 to start the car, everyone called out，“Try now！” The engine turned over immediately. A 　13　 went up. I backed my car out of the space, then paused to 　14　 the crowd who’d saved the day. There’s no 　15　 Chinese New Year’s Eve than that. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了除夕当天，作者孤独地坐在医生的候诊室里进行体检。后来，作者的车无法启动，手机也没有电。在陌生人的帮助下，作者的车被成功启动，作者认为没有比这更好的除夕了。 1．A．quit B．read C．start D．continue 答案：C 解析：根据上文“Was there anything lonelier than sitting in a doctor’s waiting room on Chinese New Year’s Eve？”可知，作者除夕当天坐在医生的候诊室里，感到很孤独，所以是想跟人开始一段对话。start 意为“开始”，故选C项。 2．A．world B．dream C．hobby D．area 答案：A 解析：根据下文“Several people turned toward me from their world to ________.”可知，周围的人沉浸在他们自己的小世界里，world 是原词复现。故选A项。 3．A．buy B．assess C．choose D．charge 答案：D 解析：根据第二段中“Dead, like my car.”可知，作者的手机此时没电了，所以此处是指作者离开家之前忘记给手机充电了。charge 意为“充电”，故选D项。 4．A．found B．turned C．took D．lost 答案：B 解析：根据常识及下文“Dead, like my car.”可知，作者转动车钥匙想启动自己的车，但是失败了。turn 意为“转动”，故选B项。 5．A．phone B．key C．bag D．report 答案：A 解析：根据下文“I would have to use the phone inside.”可知，此处是指作者伸手去拿手机。phone意为“电话”，与下文“I would have to use the phone inside.”一句中的phone 是原词复现。故选A项。 6．A．invitation B．request C．secret D．checkup 答案：B 解析：根据上文“I would have to use the phone inside.”及下文发生的事情可知，作者想使用前台的电话，于是走到前台，想低声说出自己的请求。request意为“请求”，故选B项。 7．A．repairing B．sitting C．waiting D．observing 答案：C 解析：根据文章的第一句及空前的“I turned back to the people”可知，此处是指作者回到候诊室。此处waiting为原词复现。waiting room 意为“候诊室”，故选C项。 8．A．normally B．simply C．necessarily D．constantly 答案：A 解析：根据常识及语境可知，作者在跟候诊室里的人解释自己当天遇到的情况，此处是指自己通常不会这么做。normally 意为“通常”，故选A项。 9．A．sorrowful B．relaxed C．innocent D．apologetic 答案：D 解析：根据上文及常识可知，作者在跟候诊室里的人解释自己当天遇到的情况，想要向他们寻求帮助，但又觉得打扰了他们，所以感到抱歉。apologetic 意为“愧疚的”，故选D项。 10．A．comment B．listen C．reply D．support 答案：B 解析：根据倒数第三段中“’I’ve got a brand-new battery. You’re welcome to use it.’’ Or mine，’ another man said.”大家对作者的回应可知，此处是指周围的人听作者说话。listen意为“听”，故选B项。 11．A．followed B．pushed C．attracted D．guided 答案：A 解析：根据下文“When the receptionist gave a ________ to start the car, everyone called out, ’Try now！’”可知，这一行人跟着作者来到车前帮忙启动车。follow 意为“跟随”，故选A项。 12．A．promise B．command C．sign D．remark 答案：C 解析：根据上文“’I’ll get my jumper cables，’ she said.”及下文大家做出的反应“everyone called out, ’Try now！’”可知，护士找到她的跨接引线，示意作者启动汽车。sign意为“示意”，故选C项。 13．A．whistle B．cheer C．cry D．voice 答案：B 解析：根据上文“The engine turned over immediately.”可知，作者的车被成功启动，人们很开心，所以周围响起一阵欢呼声。cheer意为“欢呼”，故选B项。 14．A．shout at B．glance at C．point at D．wave at 答案：D 解析：根据语境及常识可知，作者的车被成功启动了，所以作者应是在向帮助自己的人挥手致意。wave at意为“对……挥手”，故选D项。 15．A．crazier B．tougher C．better D．worse 答案：C 解析：根据全文内容可知，作者在除夕这天虽然遇到了一些困难，但是获得了很多陌生人的帮助，所以此处是指没有比这更好的除夕了。better 意为“更好的”，故选C项。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题2分，共20分) Home to the headwaters of the Yangtze, Yellow, and Lancang rivers, the Sanjiangyuan area on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(青藏高原) is known as“China’s water tower”．It is a 1.________ (whole) unique plateau wetland ecosystem and serves as 2.________ important ecological defense for the country. Decades ago, serious environmental degradation (恶化) in Sanjiangyuan, 3.________ was caused by climate change and human activities, resulted in a large number of lakes drying out and wildlife numbers falling sharply. In 2016, the pilot program for the Sanjiangyuan National Park management system 4.________ (launch).Through painstaking practice, development and innovation, efforts have been made 5.________ (turn) the park into a symbol of the progress of China’s ecological civilization. Over the past years, the ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 6.________ (experience) comprehensive changes. Water conservation in the area has risen 7.________ 11 percent every year, compared with 10 years ago. Local residents enjoy the gifts given by nature, and the 8.________ (establish) of the national park has enabled them to transform from exploiting (开发) nature to becoming its protectors and benefiting from it. Some work as tour guides, 9.________ (assist) visitors from home and abroad. Today, as people walk on the vast land of Sanjiangyuan, looking at the expansive mountains, glaciers, lakes, and pastures, 10.________ catching sight of wild animals and birds, they cannot help but be impressed by the vastness and beauty of nature. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三江源生态环境恶化，对此国家采取了一系列应对措施，并取得了成效。 1．答案：wholly 解析：考查词性转换。空处修饰形容词unique，作状语，应用副词。故填wholly。 2．答案：an 解析：考查冠词。此处是泛指“一个重要的生态防御”，所以应用不定冠词。空后的important 为发音以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。 3．答案：which 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，该从句修饰指物的先行词serious environmental degradation(恶化) in Sanjiangyuan。故填which。 4．答案：was launched 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语。主语Sanjiangyuan National Park management system 与所给词launch 为动宾关系，此处用被动语态；时间状语In 2016 提示此处为一般过去时；主语是单数概念，be动词用was。故填was launched。 5．答案：to turn 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语have been made，空处应填非谓语动词，此处表目的，应填动词不定式作目的状语，故填to turn。 6．答案：has experienced 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语。根据Over the past years可知，句子用现在完成时；主语the ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau为单数概念，助动词用has。故填has experienced。 7．答案：by 解析：考查介词。rise by 为固定搭配，其后常跟增长的幅度，表示“增长了……”。by 后通常接分数、百分数、倍数等。故填by。 8．答案：establishment 解析：考查词性转换。句意：当地居民享受大自然给予的馈赠，国家公园的建立使他们从开发自然转变为自然的保护者并从中受益。根据句意并结合空前冠词及空后的介词of可知，空处为名词。故填establishment。 9．答案：assisting 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语，空处应填非谓语动词作状语，assist 与其逻辑主语tour guides 是逻辑上的主谓关系，空处应用动词-ing形式。故填assisting。 10．答案：and 解析：考查连词。句中“looking at the expansive mountains, glaciers, lakes, and pastures”和“catching sight of wild animals and birds”为并列结构，应用and连接。故填and。 Ⅳ.读后续写(满分30分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A poor boy named Howard Kelly made his living by selling newspapers from door to door to pay his way through school. After a full day of working hard, he had only too little bit of change left to get some food. Starving and feeling low-spirited, he couldn’t walk anymore. After going through some scenarios(情节) in his mind, he was hoping for some kindness from the people living in the next house where he decided to ask for a meal. As he approached the door and rang the bell, he kept practicing his words for his request. However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. With much hesitation, he asked for a glass of water instead of a meal. The woman remembered seeing this young boy many times working hard going up and down the streets knocking on doors. She thought he looked hungry, so she brought him a large glass of milk instead of water. The boy drank it slowly and then asked how much he owed. “You don’t owe me anything，” she replied with a gentle smile.“I know you helped many people in the neighborhood. Mother has taught us that kindness is repaid with kindness. Then thank you from my heart.” Right there and then, Howard felt stronger and more confident as he found some hope in this kind of action. Years later, that young woman became so critically ill that she was sent to the bigger city where specialists were called to study her rare disease. The expense was beyond her family, but no one gave up. Dr. Howard Kelly was called in for consultation. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Immediately, he rose and went down the hall of the hospital to her room. Dressed in his doctor’s gown, he went in to see her. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 He recognized her at once, determining to save her life.______________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ “Expense paid in full with one glass of milk, Dr. Howard.” She read the note.__________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 He recognized her at once, determining to save her life. She lay white and still as a fallen statue, pale and worn out. On seeing the overwhelming scene, he went back directly to the consultation room and studied and checked the case at pains. From that day, he gave her the most attentive care and monitored her condition day and night. After a long struggle, they finally won the battle. However, she was quite worried about the high expense of the treatment. When she was finally given the hospital bill, she was completely surprised to find a note underneath the bill. “Expense paid in full with one glass of milk, Dr. Howard.” She read the note. With shivering hands, she suddenly recalled the scene when she gave a poor boy a glass of milk at the front door. Tears blurred her eyes. She immediately understood that it was the boy who became her attending doctor and paid for her bill. Watching the items in the bill crossed out and canceled, she felt words choked in her throat. Like what her mother used to tell her, kindness is repaid with kindness. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$