专题4 第1讲 第3节 主谓一致(ppt课件)-【正禾一本通】2025年高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（外研版2019）

第一讲　动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 第3节　主谓一致 专题四　千变万化的动词 网络建构 一目了然 语法精讲 解惑释疑 考点1　语法一致 1．动词不定式、动词-ing形式和名词性从句作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。 Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day. 忙碌一天后，听音乐能使我放松。 名师点津　what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式，但如果从句表示复数意义，则谓语动词用复数形式。 What the school needs are qualified teachers. 这所学校需要的是有资质的老师。 2．and，both ...and ...连接两个不同的主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Her teacher and her friends are in the sitting room. 她的老师和朋友都在起居室。 3．定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。 My friend showed me around the town，which was very attractive. 我的朋友带我参观了这个小镇，这个小镇非常迷人。 4．“many a/more than one＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。each，every，no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使由and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。 Many a parent has had to go through this same painful process. 很多父母亲不得不经历同样的痛苦过程。 Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the party to be held on Sunday. 每个男生和女生都希望参加周日举行的聚会。 5．如果主语后面有as well as，with，along with，together with，rather than，but，except，besides，including，in addition to，in common with等词加其他名词时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。 The teacher，as well as his students，was very excited. 老师和学生都很兴奋。 考点2　就近一致 1．由or，nor，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but (also)...，not...but...等连接并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数常和离它最近的主语保持一致。 Not only he but also his family are keen on concerts. 不仅他而且他的家人都热衷于听音乐会。 2．there be 句型中，主语是两个或多个并列名词时，be的形式与其最邻近的主语保持一致。 There is a computer and three chairs in my new office. 在我的新办公室里有一台电脑和三把椅子。 考点3　意义一致 1．集体名词作主语时，若被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若被看作构成集体的一个个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有：family，class，team，group，public，committee，government，audience 等。 The whole class are told to stay behind after school. 全班的学生被告知放学后留下。 2．“分数/百分数/the majority＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义；all，some，half，most，the rest 等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。 About one third of the books are written by him. 这些书中大约有三分之一是他写的。 3．“a number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，意为“许多”；“the number of＋名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，意为“……的数量”。 A number of countries have engaged in space lectures. 许多国家参与了空间讲座。 The number of people asking to go there is on the increase. 要求去那儿的人数在增加。 4．表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作主语时，通常被看作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 Three thousand dollars is quite a lot of money for a child. 3 000美元对于一个孩子来说是一大笔钱。 5．“the＋形容词”表示一类人，在句中作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 The sick have been cured and the lost have been found. 患病的人被治愈，同时失踪的人也被找到了。 小题微练——单句语法填空 1．The mother，as well as her three children，_____(go) skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. 2．Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who _______ (wear) evening dress. 3．The number of chinstrap penguins in some colonies in western Antarctica ____________ (fall) by as much as 77 percent since they were last surveyed in the 1970s. 4．This cloth _______ (feel) much softer than that one. So I will buy it. 5．Neither his parents nor I ____ (be) able to persuade him to change his mind. goes wears has fallen feels am 6．Listening to loud music and rock concerts ____________ (cause) hearing loss in some teenagers so far. 7．As far as I know，his family ___not very large but the family ____all music lovers. (be) has caused is are 谢谢观看 $$