选择性必修第一册 UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT (ppt课件)-【正禾一本通】2025年高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（人教版2019）

正禾一本通 一轮总复习 多媒体课件 英语（人教版） 一轮总复习 多媒体课件 英语（人教版） 正禾一本通 选择性必修第一册 UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT 主题语境：人与社会——伟大人物 主题解读 名人介绍是近几年高考的热点话题，如2023年全国乙卷阅读理解A篇介绍了历史上四位女医生的非凡经历；2023年全国甲卷书面表达要求考生以一位中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿；2020年全国卷Ⅰ书面表达要求考生以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题写一篇参赛短文；2020年北京卷阅读理解B篇介绍了Deka的人生经历。 04 03 02 学案（一）背诵案——必背知识清单 01 目录/CONTENTS 05 学案（二）默写案——基础知识默写 学案（三）讲练案——核心知识整合 学案（四）写作案——应用文、读后续写双写培优 学案（五）主题练案——学科素养培优 学案【一】 背诵案——必背知识清单 学案【二】 默写案（十七）——基础知识默写 学案【三】 讲练案——核心知识整合 vital 1 adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 which are vital to human beings it's vital that we should begin with small things commit 2 vt.承诺；保证；犯(罪或错等)；做(坏事)；花(钱或时间) vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的commitment n．投入；奉献；承诺 who/that commits himself to giving others a helping hand is so committed to giving others a helping hand that Committed to giving others a helping hand acknowledge 3 vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 being defeated acknowledged is universally recognized/acknowledged to be an effective way to learn English is widely recognized/acknowledged that practising oral English is an effective way to learn English insist 4 vi.& vt.坚持；坚决要求；坚持说 had disobeyed (should) be fined on Insist on keeping diaries in English every day conclusion 5 n．结论；推论；结束；结果；最后→conclude vt.断定；推断出；(使)结束，终止 concluded from my own experiences came to/reached/drew a conclusion from my own experiences that consequence 6 n．结果；后果→consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的consequently adv.因此；所以 As a consequence/result of her teacher's frequent encouragement As a consequence/In consequence/ As a result/Consequently take up a position 7 担任；任职 take on took in take up take off take up 句型公式： 8 it作形式主语 it's our responsibility to protect the forests It is generally believed that IT has both advantages and disadvantages. It is a great honour to deliver a speech to with hearing making is acknowledged (should) be made Consequently represent leading for/to with F B C A E D n.实验对象 adj.新颖的 vt.感谢 n.目标 学案【四】 写作案—— 应用文、读后续写双写培优 The person I respect most is my uncle who is committed to curing patients of their diseases all his life. Whatever difficulties he encounters，under/in no circumstances will he acknowledge defeat. Ever since he took up his position，he has insisted on serving all the patients heart and soul. In his opinion，it is his responsibility to help patients recover from illnesses. Upon/On hearing that Shanghai was in great need of doctors It suddenly dawned on me that tough as it was, there was nothing more valuable than the sense of accomplishment. It struck/hit/occurred to me that Henry should have the privilege to enjoy the beauty of words too. 学案【五】 主题练案（十七）——学科素养培优 word练习 单独成册 一、单元词汇裂变(同义＋反义＋派生＋联想＋语境) 阅读单词 1．formula 　 n．公式；方程式；配方 2．patent n．专利；专利证书；获得专利 adj.有专利的；受专利 保护的 3．institute n．(教育、专业等)机构；机构建筑 4．mourn vt.& vi.哀悼；忧伤 5．doctorate n．博士学位 6．property n．性质；特征；财产 7．circumstance n．[usually pl.­s]条件；环境；状况 8．physiology n．生理学；生理机能 阅 读 单 词 9．substance n．事实根据；物质；物品(近义：material) 10．chart vt.记录；制订计划 n．图表(近义：diagram) 11．apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然(近义：obviously；evidently) 12．relativity n．相对论；相对性(助记：the theory of relativity相对论) 13．peculiarity n．个性；特点；怪异的性质(近义：characteristic； feature；personality) 14．genius n．(pl.geniuses)天才；天资；天赋(近义：gift) 多义单词 sum 　　 常见义：n.金额；款项；总数；总和→生僻义：vi.总结；概括(词性活用) draft 常见义：n.草稿；草案→生僻义：vt.起草；草拟(词 性活用) 3．institution ①n.社会公共机构　②n.制度　③n.习俗 4．device ①n.方法；技巧　②n.装置；仪器 5．acknowledge ①vt.承认(属实、权威等)　②vt.(公开)感谢 6．extract ①n.提取物　②n.& vt.摘录　③vt.提取；提炼　 ④vt.(用力)拔出 核心单词 1．overcome numerous difficulties 　 战胜无数的困难 2．play a vital role in our society 在我们的社会中起着极其 重要的作用 3．found a club 创办俱乐部 4．combine theory with practice 理论与实践相结合 5．encounter a number of difficulties 遇到诸多困难 6．a crucial new treatment 至关重要的新疗法 7．two entirely distinct languages 　　 两种完全不同的语言 8．out of a strong passion for knowledge 出于强烈的求知欲 9．apart from his remarkable achievements 除了他卓越的成就外 10．obtain advice/information/permission 得到忠告/信息/许可　　 拓展单词 1．commit vt.承诺；保证vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→commitment n．投入；奉献；承诺 2．academy n．(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校→academic adj.学业的；学术的 3．objective n．目标；目的adj.客观的→(反)subjective adj.主观的 4．botany n．植物学→botanical adj.植物学的 5．evaluate vt.评价；评估→evaluation n．评价；评估 6．distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→distinction n．区别；差别 7．acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢→acknowledg(e)ment n．承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 8．analyse/analyze vt.分析→analyst n．分析师；分析家→analysis n．(pl.analyses)分析 9．apparent adj.显而易见的；明显的→apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然 拓 展 单 词 10．science n．科学→scientific adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的→scientist n．科学家 11．conclude vt.断定；推断出；(使)结束→conclusion n．结论；推论 12．novel n．(长篇)小说adj.新颖的；新奇的→novelist n．小说家 13．infer vt.(inferred，inferred，inferring)推断；推定→inference n．推断；推论 14．politics n．政治→political adj.政治的→politician n．从政者；政治家；政客 15．gentle adj.温柔的；文静的→gently adv.轻轻地；温柔地 16．gradual adj.逐渐的→gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地 17．consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv.因此；所以→consequence n．结果；后果 18．remark v．& n．谈论；评论→remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的→remarkably adv.惊人地 重点短语 commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth) 承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等) 2．insist on 坚决要求 3．wear and tear (正常使用造成的)磨损；损耗 4．come to power (开始)掌权；上台 5．take up a position 担任；任职 6．on end 连续地；竖着 7．be mistaken for 被误认为是 8．millions of 数百万 9．risk one's life 冒生命危险 10．sum up 总结；概括(同义：summarize) 11．by chance 偶然(同义：accidentally；by accident) 12．lead to 导致(同义：cause；bring about；result in) 二、单元佳句过关(自我检测，遮挡背诵) 1.It is indeed an honour for China's scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.(it作形式主语) 2.While working there，out of a strong passion for knowledge，he continued to study，earning a doctorate in physics in 1905.(状语从句的省略) 3.He had a thick moustache and long white hair，which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock.(人物描写) 4.On 18 April 1955，it was reported that Einstein had passed away，and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist.(It is/was＋过去分词＋that从句) [遮住左栏尝试背诵] 1.中国的科学研究和中药能够在全世界传播确实是一种荣誉。 2.在那里工作期间，出于对知识的强烈渴求，他继续学习，并于1905年获得了物理学博士学位。 3.他胡须浓密，又长又白的头发有时会像刚遭受了电击似的竖起来。 4.据报道，1955年4月18日，爱因斯坦去世了，全世界都为失去这位杰出的科学家而哀悼。 三、单元词汇融会贯通(背美文，记单词) Madam Curie It was widely acknowledged that being an extraordinary woman genius, gentle Madam Curie managed to obtain two kinds of radioactive elements，which were vital and crucial to physics.She was born in Poland in 1867. Distinct from other girls，she had a strong passion for science and committed her whole life to scientific research. After graduating from high school，she took up a position as a tutor.In 1891，she was admitted into the Academy of Paris, where she achieved great academic performances and as a consequence，she became the first woman professor. [遮住左栏，忆加黑词汇] 居里夫人 人们普遍认为，作为一个非凡的天才女性，温柔的居里夫人设法获得的两种放射性元素对物理学至关重要。她于1867年出生在波兰。与其他女孩不同，她对科学有强烈的热爱，一生致力于科学研究。高中毕业后，她担任一份家庭教师的工作。1891年，她被巴黎学院录取，在那里她取得了优异的学业成绩，因此，她成为第一位女教授。 Under unbearable circumstances，she and her husband spared no effort to analyze and evaluate pitchblende (沥青铀矿) with the objective of extracting radioactive substances and studying their properties. Apparently，they encountered numerous failures，but under no circumstances did the couple acknowledge defeat and they insisted on their ambition. Using flow charts and summing up what they had studied，the couple gradually drew a conclusion that Po and Ra did exist，which was soon spread throughout the world. In 1934，Madam Curie passed away and the whole world mourned the great loss of a remarkable scientist. 在难以忍受的条件下，她和丈夫不遗余力地分析和评估沥青铀矿，目的是提取放射性物质并研究它们的性质。显然，他们遇到了许多次失败，但在任何情况下，这对夫妇都不承认失败，他们坚持要实现自己的目标。通过流程图和总结他们所研究的东西，这对夫妇逐渐得出结论，钚和镭元素确实存在，这很快就传到了全世界。1934年，居里夫人去世了，全世界都为失去一位杰出科学家而哀悼。 be vital to/for...对……至关重要 It is vital to do sth做某事很重要 It is vital that...(should) do sth做某事是十分重要的 be of vital importance至关重要的 【积累】 ·play a vital role in protect the environment 在保护环境方面发挥重要作用 ·It is vital for us to master some basic living skills to prepare us for our future life.(2023·全国乙卷) 对我们来说，掌握一些基本的生活技能，为我们未来的生活做好准备是至关重要的。 【练习】　写作迁移 (1)这是提高人们保护对人类至关重要的海洋的意识的一天。(环境保护) It is a day to raise people's awareness of protecting oceans ． (2)如果我们想在环境保护方面有所作为，重要的一点是我们应该从小事做起。(主旨升华) If we want to make a difference in environmental protection, ． ·be committed to (doing) sth ＝commit oneself to (doing) sth致力于(做)某事；承诺(做)某事 ·make a commitment to (doing) sth尽力(做)某事；承诺(做)某事 【积累】 ·be committed to doing scientific researches致力于做科学研究 ·I strongly suggest you commit an hour a day to reading English，which can gradually improve your oral English.(建议信) 我强烈建议你每天花一个小时读英语，这能逐渐提高你的英语口语。 【练习】　写作迁移 我最钦佩的人是我的邻居，因为他致力于帮助他人。(人物介绍) ①The person I admire most is my neighbour ．(定语从句；commit) ②My neighbour I admire him most.(so...that; committed) ③ ，my neighbour is the person that I admire most.(分词短语作状语) acknowledge...to be/as...承认……是/作为…… acknowledge doing/having done sth承认做了某事 It is universally/widely acknowledged that...……是大家公认的。 【积累】 · be acknowledged as one of the world's greatest physicists 被公认为世界上最伟大的物理学家之一 ·acknowledge his generous support感谢他的慷慨支持 ·Additionally, it is widely acknowledged that physical exercise is an excellent way of relieving pressure. 此外，人们普遍认为体育锻炼是缓解压力的好方法。 【练习】　单句填空/写作迁移 (1)Tom acknowledged (defeat) in the competition，which made us quite depressed.(沮丧心理描写) (2)Lu Xun， (acknowledge) as one of the greatest modern writers in China，was born in Shaoxing，Zhejiang Province. (3)人们公认口语训练是学习英语的一种有效方法。(英语学习，2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) ①Practising oral English ． ②It ．(it作形式主语) insist(坚持说/认为) that...，从句用陈述语气。 insist(坚决要求/坚持) that sb(should) do...，从句用虚拟语气。 insist on (doing) sth坚持(做)某事 【积累】 ·insist on holding onto his previous idea坚持他以前的想法 ·My daughter insisted that we go camping in the next village, her eyes twinkling with excitement.(情绪描写) 我的女儿坚决要求我们在下一个村庄露营，她的眼中闪着兴奋的光芒。 【练习】　单句填空/写作迁移 The police officer insisted that he (disobey) the traffic rules and (fine). (2)He insisted walking me to the station to see me off，which nearly moved me to tears. (3)如果你每天坚持用英语写日记，你会很容易提高你的书面英语。 ，and you can improve your written English with ease. ·in conclusion总之 ·draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion得出结论 ·conclude from sth从……中得出结论 conclude...with...以……结束…… 【积累】 ·conclude his speech with a famous saying他以一句名言结束了他的演讲 ·In conclusion，only with joint efforts can we have a better tomorrow.(2022·全国甲卷) 总之，只有大家共同努力，我们才能拥有更美好的明天。 【练习】　写作迁移 我从我自己的经历中得出结论：只有通过亲身实践才能掌握生活的技能。(活动介绍，2023·全国乙卷) ①I that only by practicing in person can I master the skills of life.(conclude) ②I only by practicing in person can I master the skills of life.(conclusion) as a consequence ＝in consequence ＝as a result ＝consequently 因此；结果 as a consequence of ＝in consequence of 因为；由于 【积累】 ·face/take the consequences面对/承担后果 ·be responsible for all the consequences对这一切后果负责 【练习】　写作迁移 (1)在老师的不断鼓励下，她努力学习，取得了很大的进步。 ，she worked hard and made great progress. (2)由于缺少政府的支持，这项计划很快就失败了。 The plan lacked support from the government. ，it broke down soon. take up接受；开始从事；继续；占据(时间或空间) take off脱掉(衣服等)；起飞；事业腾飞 take over接管；获得对……的控制或管理 take down写下；记下；拆除 take in吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗 take on呈现；雇用；承担 【积累】 With the remarkable development of science and technology，our country has taken on a new look. 随着科技的飞速发展，我国呈现了新的面貌。 【练习】　用take的相关短语填空 (1)The chameleon (变色龙) can the colours of its background. (2)I acknowledged that I hardly what the teacher said in class，which made me in low spirits. (3)Tom，a person with passion，will his position as chairman of the Student Association at the end of next month. (4)Apparently，when the delayed flight will depends much on the weather. (5)Smartphones not only our valuable time，but also do great harm to our health. (教材原句)It is indeed an honour for China's scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world. 中国的科学研究和中药能够在全世界传播确实是一种荣誉。 it作形式主语的几种句式： ·It be＋adj./n.＋to do sth ·It be＋过去分词(said，thought，believed，supposed，reported...)＋that从句 ·It be＋形容词(strange，important，vital，obvious，possible...)＋that从句 ·It be＋名词短语(a pity, a shame, a fact, a good idea, no wonder...)＋that从句 【积累】 I sincerely hope your dream will come true and it's my honour to show you around in Beijing when that day comes. 我真诚地希望你的梦想会实现，当那一天到来时，带你参观北京是我的荣幸。 【练习】　写作迁移 (1)作为高中生，保护森林是我们的责任，森林是地球之肺。(倡议书) As high school students， ，which are the lungs of the earth. (2)People generally believe that IT has both advantages and disadvantages. → (it作形式主语) (3)I'm very honoured to deliver a speech to share with you my opinions on Beijing Opera.(演讲稿) → share with you my opinions on Beijing Opera.(honour) 题组一　单句语法填空 1．Each chapter concludes a collection of practices，which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 2．On (hear) the news that I won the first place in the writing contest, I stood there, frozen.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 3．With the help of their father，the twins were committed to (make) delicious breakfast.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) 4．It (acknowledge)that people cannot succeed or achieve their targets without a strong will and persistence. 5．The teacher insisted that every minute (make) full use of to do the work well. 6． (consequent), some viewers began to turn away from cinemas, leading to slower growth. 7．It is a great honour to (represent) my company to attend the meeting. 8．Mei Lanfang plays a key role in bringing Beijing Opera to the world， (lead) to the international status and recognition that it has today. 9．Enough sleep is vital the students' physical and mental health. 10．The organization was formed in 1996 the objective of providing help for those in need. 题组二　多义词汇辨析 1．根据语境选出flow的词性及含义 A.n.流动　B.n.流畅　C.n.供应　D.vi.(液体)流动　E.vi.(大量人或物)流动　F.vi.飘；垂 ①Accordingly, Marilla lifted her candle and looked scrutinizingly (仔细地) at Anne's hair, flowing in heavy masses down her back. ②His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) ③As we know, the government encourages the flow of goods and services to remote areas. ④Before and during the Spring Festival controlling the flow of crowds was a key issue. ⑤Large numbers of refugees continue to flow from the troubled region into the district. ⑥As you know the Yangtze River flows into the East Sea. 2．猜测句中加黑词汇的词性及含义 ①A number of experiments ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked.The results were clear：Our young subjects comprehended the questions and knew exactly what was asked of them.(2022·全国乙卷) ②Tu Youyou discovered a novel method to extract the useful substance. ③Learning how to acknowledge someone who helps you is a traditional Chinese outstanding virtue. ④Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. (一)应用文写作 [人物介绍——我最尊敬的人] (2020·全国卷Ⅰ改编)你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1．人物简介； 2．尊敬和爱戴的原因。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 1．利用本单元所学知识翻译句子 ①我最尊敬的人是我的叔叔，他终生致力于治病救人。 ②无论他遇到什么困难，他绝不承认失败。(倒装) ③自从他就职以来，他坚持全心全意为病人服务。 ④在他看来，帮助病人从疾病中康复是他的职责。(it作形式主语) ⑤2022年一听说上海急需医生，他毫不犹豫地去了上海。 in 2022，he headed for Shanghai without hesitation. 2．使用恰当的过渡衔接词汇连句成篇 The person I respect most is my uncle who is committed to curing patients of their diseases all his life. Whatever difficulties he encounters，under/in no circumstances will he acknowledge defeat. Ever since he took up his position，he has insisted on serving all the patients heart and soul. In his opinion，it is his responsibility to help patients recover from illnesses. Therefore，upon/on hearing that Shanghai was in great need of doctors in 2022，he headed for Shanghai without hesitation. (二)读后续写 [精彩句式17——“灵光乍现”] 句型公式1：“It dawned on/upon sb that...”某人开始明白…… 句型公式2：“It hit/struck/occurred to sb that...”；“Sth hit/struck/occurred to sb that...” 某人突然想到…… [佳句背诵] 1．Through this unforgettable and remarkable event, it eventually dawned on me that nothing is difficult with a willing heart.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 通过这一难忘而非凡的事件，我最终意识到，有志者，事竟成。 2．As I noticed the sign of the supermarket, it suddenly struck/hit/occurred to me that I could give him some daily necessities and food as a gift. 当我注意到超市的标志时，我突然想到，我可以给他一些日常必需品和食物作为礼物。 [佳句仿写] 1．我突然意识到，虽然这很艰难，但没有什么比成就感更有价值的了。(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 2．我突然想到，亨利也应该有特权享受文字之美。 $$ 限时：15分钟　满分：100分　得分：________ Ⅰ.默写单词(每空1分，满分30分) 1．crucial 　　　 adj.至关重要的；关键性的 2．vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 3．objective n．目标；目的 adj.客观的 4．property n．性质；特征；财产 5．boil vt.& vi.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开 n．沸腾；沸点 6．liquid n．液体 adj.液体的；液态的 7．obtain vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行 8．acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 9．defeat n．失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜 10．apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然 11．insist vi.& vt.坚持；坚决要求 12．mostly adv.主要地；一般地 13．flee vi.& vt.迅速离开；逃跑 14．circumstance n．条件；环境；状况 15．flow n．流；流动；流畅；供应 vi.流；流动 16．infer vt.推断；推定 17．genius n．天才；天资；天赋 18．extraordinary adj.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的 19．gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地 20．encounter vt.偶然碰到；遇到 n．邂逅；遭遇 21．mourn vt.& vi.哀悼；忧伤 22．remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的 23．sum vi.总结；概括 n．金额；款项；总数；总和 24．draft n．草稿；草案 vt.起草；草拟 25．extract n．提取物；摘录 vt.提取；提炼；摘录；(用力)拔出 26．chart n．图表 vt.记录；制订计划 27．numerous adj.众多的；许多的 28．theory n．理论；学说 29．patent n．专利；专利证书；获得专利 adj.有专利的；受专利保护的 30．device n．方法；技巧；装置；仪器 Ⅱ.默写短语(每空3分，满分30分) 1． commit oneself to (sth/doing sth/do sth) 承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等) 2．insist on 坚决要求 3．risk one's life 冒生命危险 4．come to power (开始)掌权；上台 5．take up a position 担任；任职 6．sum up 总结；概括 7．on end 连续地；竖着 8．be mistaken for 被误认为是 9．by chance 偶然 10．millions of 数百万 Ⅲ.词形变化填空(每空2分，满分24分) 1．Enough rest and proper diet have brought back her strength gradually and it's really a gradual process.(gradual) 2．Committed to education，he committed every minute to studying and teaching，so his commitment finally paid off.(commit) 3．As you know，politics is my major at university，and as a consequence，I memorize many political parties and politicians．(politics) 4．My classmate is passionate about everything，so he studies everything with great passion.(passion) 5．Through my great efforts，I obtained academic qualifications at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.(academy) 6．As a child，he showed great interest in science and wanted to be a scientist．Now he is committed to doing scientific researches.(science) 7．One of the worst consequences of smoking for a long time is that you may suffer from lung cancer.Consequently，you and your family will suffer a lot.(consequent) 8．Judging from the above story，we can draw the conclusion that we shouldn't judge a man by his looks.(conclude) Ⅳ.默写佳句(第1、2题每小题5分，第3题6分，满分16分) 温馨提示：用衡水体认真书写 1．中国的科学研究和中药能够在全世界传播确实是一种荣誉。(it作形式主语) It is indeed an honour for China's scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world. 2．在那里工作期间，出于对知识的强烈渴求，他继续学习，并于1905年获得了物理学博士学位。(状语从句的省略) While working there，out of a strong passion for knowledge，he continued to study，earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. 3．他胡须浓密，又长又白的头发，有时会像刚遭受了电击似的竖起来。(人物描写) He had a thick moustache and long white hair，which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$