精品解析：广东省广州市白云中学2023-2024学年八年级上学期期中英语试题

广东省广州市白云中学2023-2024学年八年级上学期期中英语试卷（解析版） 一、语法选择。 Lu Xun was one of the most famous Chinese writers. He was very ___1___, and there was ___2___ secret to his success. He was good at ___3___ full use of time. He was the first son to his parents. When it was his ___4___ birthday, his father was very sick. So he ___5___ care of him, looked ___6___ his two little brothers and helped his mother ___7___ some housework. He didn’t want to do ___8___ than others in his study, so every day he tried to get enough time to study. He had ___9___ interests. He liked reading, writing and drawing and he did well in all of ___10___. He got seriously ill ___11___ he didn’t have a good rest every day. He stayed up very ___12___ to study and work every night. Lu Xun thought that time was ___13___ important as life and ___14___ should waste time. He once said: “Time is just like the water in the sponge(海绵), and you ___15___ always get it if you twist(挤) it”. 1. A. succeed B. success C. successful D. successfully 2. A. a B. an C. the D. / 3. A. make B. makes C. making D. made 4. A. the twelfth B. twelfth C. twelve D. the twelve 5. A. takes B. took C. take D. to take 6. A. at B. up C. for D. after 7. A. do B. did C. does D. doing 8. A. worst B. bad C. badly D. worse 9. A. much B. many C. more D. most 10. A. them B. they C. their D. theirs 11. A. but B. because C. however D. or 12. A. late B. later C. latest D. lately 13. A. just B. so C. as D. really 14. A. no one B. everyone C. someone D. anyone 15 A. are B. will C. were D. would 二、完形填空。 Luca heard a story about the Island of Inventions when he was very young. The story was so unbelievable to him. After years of study, he ___16___ got quite a clear idea of the island. It was a secret ___17___ full of great inventors, so Luca wanted to go there to learn and invent with them. Luca spent the years of his youth inventing. Every new idea he got, he made it into an invention ___18___. Later, he met other young ___19___ and told them the secret of the island. Those inventors would also dream of getting the invitation（邀请）to the island. So they met in Luca’s house and put their inventions together. Their inventions became ___20___ across the world soon. Many people knew and loved using them. But still, no invitation came. They didn’t ___21___ and kept learning. They tried to come up with better ideas to improve people’s life. Many years later, Luca became very ___22___. He told a young man the secret of the island, and how they ___23___ hard for the invitation. Feeling ___24___, the young inventor asked, “What? You mean here isn’t really the Island of Inventions? The letter you sent me isn’t the real invitation?” Luca looked at him, and ___25___ that he had been on the island. He also knew that no island would be better than where he was at the time. 16. A. hardly B. easily C. finally D. greatly 17. A. place B. present C. person D. moment 18. A. suddenly B. quickly C. brightly D. quietly 19. A. doctors B. speakers C. workers D. inventors 20. A. different B. expensive C. strange D. famous 21. A. give up B. take in C. put down D. throw away 22. A. young B. strong C. old D. tall 23. A. dreamt B. waited C. worked D. connected 24. A. bored B. pleased C. interested D. surprised 25. A. remembered B. realized C. forgot D. imagined 三、阅读。第一节阅读理解。 Many middle school students don’t know how to spend their free time. When they have holidays, they always have nothing to do and feel bored. Some may play computer games all day long and some may stay in bed and sleep all day. It’s not a good way. Here are some suggestions. If you don’t like to stay at home, you can go for a picnic or play some sports. In this way, you can take some fresh air and keep healthy. If you like to stay at home, you may enjoy some light music or read a few novels（小说）. You can play some indoor（室内的） games such as chess, cards, and table tennis. You can also plant some trees and flowers in your garden to make your home beautiful. It is also a good way to keep a pet and talk with it. Just develop some hobbies and you will feel much happier after a long holiday. 26. How many suggestions does the writer give if you want to stay at home? A. Six. B. Five. C. Eight. D. Nine. 27. Why do we need to do sports in our free time? A. To keep healthy. B. To make more friends. C. To make our studies better. D. To know about the world. 28. Which is NOT a good way to spend our free time according to the writer? A. Going for a picnic. B. Sleeping all day. C. Playing chess. D. Keeping a pet. 29. What’s the best title for the passage? A. What to do when you stay at home. B. How to develop your hobby. C. How to spend your free time. D. How to keep healthy. Do you know the numbers 0-9 well? They are numbers in Arabic numerals. People use them to mark numbers now. ____30____ About 2,500 years age, people in Rome used their hands to count. In Roman numerals, two fingers means 2, three fingers means 3, you can keep your four fingers close on one side and your thumb on the other side. Make each of your hands be five, then you’ll have ten. ____31____ Also, “L” means fifty, “C” means one hundred. ____32____ Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. But we can still see them on some watches and clocks. Today, most people use the Arabic numerals. They are easy to remember and write. ____33____ In fact, Indians first created and used the Arabic numerals. In the late 8th century, people in Arabic countries learned about them. ____34____ So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals. Today, people around the world use Arabic numerals and they help a lot. A. So in Rome, the numbers are “I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, IV, Ⅶ, Ⅷ, Ⅸ, X”. B. They help people to count things every day. C. But it’s not the only number system that people use. D. Then the Arabic people took them into Europe. E. But there is no zero in Roman numerals. Would you like to live in a city where buildings turn the lights off for you, and self-driving cars will find the nearest parking space themselves? Although it might sound a little far from you, living in a “smart” city like this could happen sooner than you think. Great changes have taken place in towns that we have lived in for centuries, while completely new cities are being built. One such place is the city of Songdo. Every home there will have a “telepresence system (远程遥控系统)” — allowing users to control the heating and locks, take part in video meetings, and receive education, health care and government services. Around the city, escalators (自动扶梯) will only move when someone is on them, and offices and schools will all be connected to the system. The great mind behind Songdo is from the company Cisco. In fact, technology companies around the world such as IBM, Siemens and Microsoft are already in the business. About 75% of the world’s population will live in cities by 2050, so cities will need to be more modern to deal with the coming problems. “Making cities smarter is one way out, and I think this will in turn make cities greener,” said Dan Hill, head of a research company. 35. According to the passage living in a “smart” city ________. A. is not a green way B. will be far from you C will soon become true D. is completely impossible 36. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. City of the future. B. A meeting in Songdo. C. A plan to build a house. D. A report on public health. 37. Dan Hill thinks that making cities smarter is one way to ________. A. drive people out of cities B. develop his own company C. control the world’s population D. solve the cities’ coming problems 38. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A. Future Houses B. Smart Cities C. Government Services D. Famous Companies Where did these numbers come from? Eleven and Twelve The number “eleven” comes from the German word “ainlif”, which means “one left” in English. Twelve follows the same rule. It comes from “twalif”—“two left”. Why did people use “teen” instead of “lif” from 13 to 19? We still don’t know. 42.195 Kilometres in a Marathon (马拉松) The story began with an ancient Greek soldier Pheidippides. Once his country won a big war (战争) and he carried the good news from Marathon to Athens. He ran so fast that he died after telling people the news. To remember Pheidippides, people held the first modern marathon in the first Olympic Games in 1896. It was about 40 km from Marathon to Athens. But race organizers for the 1908 Olympic Games in London wanted to add something special. They made it 42.195 km. And since 1924 the number 42.195 has been kept in marathon. 28 Days in February Before the calendar (历法) we use today, one of the first Roman calendars had only 304 days and ten months (March through December), he took one day from each of the 30-day months, and then made 56 days to divide between January and February (28 days each). 39. Which language do eleven and twelve come from? A. English. B. German. C. French. D. Russian. 40. The marathon became longer at London Olympic Games because ________. A. the British was bad at Maths B. the British didn’t like the Greek story C. the British wanted to run longer D. the British wanted to make the race different 41. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. We don’t know why the numbers from 13 to 19 didn’t follow the rule of twelve. B. There used to be 304 days a year according to the first Roman calendars. C. The Greek soldier ran from Athens to Marathon to carry the good news. D. After changing the old calendar, February became the shortest month in a year. 42. Where can you probably find this article? A. In a travel guide. B. In a magazine. C. In a diary. D. In a science book. Public toilets around the world have a bad name for being dark, dirty and dangerous. Some public restrooms in Tokyo’s train stations don’t have hand soap inside. A kindergarten in Southern Japan stops taking children to a city park because they are afraid of the flies in the restrooms. People have long called for a change. Tokyo recently introduced new restrooms in two public parks. For one thing, they are brightly lit and look colorful. For another, they are transparent (透明的), people who need to go to the toilet can check out the cleanness and safety of the restrooms without walking inside or touching anything. The new restrooms, designed by Shigeru Ban, are made out of “smart glass” that has already been used in different buildings to provide privacy when needed. When used and locked properly, the colorful glass toilet will become opaque. When the door is unlocked, it will become transparent again. The toilets are considered as a futuristic example of the country’s technological achievements. However people hold different opinions about these new public toilets. “It will take time to get used to the idea,” said Ming Cheng, whose job is designing buildings. But he would like to give it a try. Sarah Copper white, said that although she always avoided public toilets, she was glad to use the new ones because they looked bright and clean. “I trust science,” she said in a phone interview. “I don’t want to put my privacy at risk,” Sachiko Ishikawa, a 32-year-old writer and translator, said. Ms Ishikawa worried that some small mistakes might make restroom users accidentally expose (暴露) themselves. Talia Harris, a writer who has lived in Tokyo for seven years, “I think this will make people feel more uncomfortable, especially for women.” Ms Harris, said. 43. What does the underlined word “opaque” possibly mean in English? A. Not able to be seen through. B. Not clean enough to be used. C. Warm enough for people to use. D. Big enough to hold many people. 44. What does Sachiko Ishikawa think of the new public toilets? A. They cost too much. B. They are quite amazing. C. They make users uncomfortable. D. They cannot make people feel safe. 45. Which is the best title of the passage? A. How do we use a public toilet? B. Public toilet around the world. C. New public toilet in Tokyo. D. Never use public toilet. 四、写作。 第一节 语篇填词。 There is a story which tells us about a bookshop. The bookshop was very large and it had many different books, i____46____ story books, magazines, guide books. A medical student found a very helpful book in the shop, but it was too e____47____ for him to buy. He couldn’t get it from the library, either. So every afternoon, he went to the shop to read a little a time. He usually took a notebook with him and c____48____ down some useful information from the book. The bookshop was open for 24 hours, so he could go there a____49____. One day, however, he couldn’t find the book from its usual place. “Maybe the bookstore sold it this morning.” the student thought and was leaving. S____50____, he heard a voice greeting him. He turned around and saw an assistant smiling at him. To his surprise, the assistant pointed to the book in a corner. “I put the book there so that you can find it easily,” said the assistant. The student went on with his reading after saying thanks to the assistant. 第二节完成句子。 51. 他是一名警察，他的工作是查清真相。 He ________ ________ a policeman, and his job is to ________ ________ the truth. 52. 过去我们通过书信来保持联系。 In the past we used to ________ ________ ________ ________ each other by letters. 53. 这个故事不如那个有趣。 This story is ________ ________ ________ ________ that one. 54. 我们期待着参加即将到来的校运会。 We are ________ ________ ________ ________ part in the coming school sports meeting. 55. 同时做两件不同的事情是很难的。 It is difficult to do two different things ________ ________ ________ ________. 第三节书面表达。 56. 随着电话手表（ telephone watch）越来越流行，同学们对是否应该使用电话手表进行了讨论。假如你是李华，你们学校英语社针对这一话题展开了问卷调查。请你写一篇英语短文，简要介绍此次调查的结果。需要包含以下要点。 调查结果 理由 37% 的学生喜欢电话手表 1、随时随地和父母、朋友联系 2、为了我们的安全，父母可以知道我们的位置 63% 的学生不喜欢电话手表 1、可以玩游戏，浪费时间 2、（请补充） 你的观点 ......（请补充 1~2 点理由） 要求：词数 80 词左右（短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 Recently, our school has done a survey about telephone watches._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 广东省广州市白云中学2023-2024学年八年级上学期期中英语试卷（解析版） 一、语法选择。 Lu Xun was one of the most famous Chinese writers. He was very ___1___, and there was ___2___ secret to his success. He was good at ___3___ full use of time. He was the first son to his parents. When it was his ___4___ birthday, his father was very sick. So he ___5___ care of him, looked ___6___ his two little brothers and helped his mother ___7___ some housework. He didn’t want to do ___8___ than others in his study, so every day he tried to get enough time to study. He had ___9___ interests. He liked reading, writing and drawing and he did well in all of ___10___. He got seriously ill ___11___ he didn’t have a good rest every day. He stayed up very ___12___ to study and work every night. Lu Xun thought that time was ___13___ important as life and ___14___ should waste time. He once said: “Time is just like the water in the sponge(海绵), and you ___15___ always get it if you twist(挤) it”. 1. A. succeed B. success C. successful D. successfully 2. A. a B. an C. the D. / 3. A. make B. makes C. making D. made 4. A. the twelfth B. twelfth C. twelve D. the twelve 5. A. takes B. took C. take D. to take 6. A. at B. up C. for D. after 7. A. do B. did C. does D. doing 8. A. worst B. bad C. badly D. worse 9. A. much B. many C. more D. most 10. A. them B. they C. their D. theirs 11. A. but B. because C. however D. or 12. A. late B. later C. latest D. lately 13. A. just B. so C. as D. really 14. A. no one B. everyone C. someone D. anyone 15. A. are B. will C. were D. would 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. A 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了大文豪鲁迅早年的故事。 【1题详解】 句意：他很成功，并且他的成功有一个秘密。 succeed成功，动词；success成功，名词；successful成功的，形容词；successfully成功地，副词。此处在句中作表语，用形容词形式，故选C。 【2题详解】 句意：他很成功，并且他的成功有一个秘密。 a不定冠词，一个；an不定冠词，一个；the定冠词，这个，那个；/零冠词。结合句意可知此处泛指“一个秘密”，secret为辅音音素开头，应使用a修饰，故选A。 【3题详解】 句意：他擅长充分利用时间。 make制作，原形；makes制作，动词单三；making制作，现在分词；made制作，过去式。介词后需要加动名词形式，故填C。 【4题详解】 句意：当他十二岁生日的时候他的爸爸病重。 the twelfth第十二；twelfth第十二；twelve十二；the twelve十二。此处表示“十二岁生日”应用序数词，前面要加the，但当有形容词性物主代词时，不用the。在本句中序数词前有his，故不加the。故选B。 【5题详解】 句意：所以他照顾爸爸，照顾两个弟弟，帮妈妈做家务。 takes带走，动词单三；took带走，过去式；take带走，原形；to take带走，动词不定式。结合全文语境可知，在描述鲁迅早年的故事，需要用一般过去时，故选B。 【6题详解】 句意：所以他照顾爸爸，照顾两个弟弟，帮妈妈做家务。 at在（表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置、空间）；up向上；for为了；after在……之后。此处表示“照顾两个弟弟”，look after意为“照顾”，故选D。 【7题详解】 句意：所以他照顾爸爸，照顾两个弟弟，帮妈妈做家务。 do做，原形；did做，过去式；does做，单三；doing做，现在分词。结合句型help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，可知此处应填动词原形。故选A。 【8题详解】 句意：他不想在学习上比其他的学生差。 worst最坏的；bad糟糕的；badly糟糕地；worse更糟糕。句中“than”表示本句应使用比较级，故选D。 【9题详解】 句意：他有很多的兴趣，像阅读、写作和画画。 much许多，修饰不可数名词；many许多，修饰可数名词；more更多，many和much的比较级；most最多，many和much的最高级。结合后文“he liked reading, writing and drawing”可知他有很多兴趣，兴趣为可数名词，用many修饰。故选B。 【10题详解】 句意：他在许多领域都做得很好。 them他们，宾格；they他们，主格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词。空格处指代的是上文的“reading, writing and drawing”,可知是复数，结合of可知介词后需要用宾格them。故选A。 【11题详解】 句意：因为每天没有好好休息他生病了。 but但；because因为；however然而；or或者，否则。结合“He got ill a lot”与“he didn’t have a good rest every day.”可知前后为因果关系，属于“前果后因”关系，所以用because引导原因状语从句。故选B。 【12题详解】 句意：他每天晚上都熬夜学习和工作。 late晚的；later稍后；latest最新的；lately最近。固定搭配stay up late意为“熬夜很晚”，故选A。 【13题详解】 句意：鲁迅认为时间跟生命一样重要。 just仅仅，只有；so所以；as像；really真地。as…as意为“与……一样”，为原级比较的结构，此处是指“时间和生命一样重要”。故选C。 【14题详解】 句意：没有人应该浪费时间。 no one没有人；everyone每个人；someone某人；anyone任何人。根据“...should waste time”可知，此处表示谁都不能浪费时间，故选A。 【15题详解】 句意：时间就像海绵里的水，如果你去挤，便总会得到它。 are是；will将会；were是；would将会。句中if意为“如果”，if引导的条件状语从句，应遵循“主将从现”，主句用一般将来时，故选B。 二、完形填空。 Luca heard a story about the Island of Inventions when he was very young. The story was so unbelievable to him. After years of study, he ___16___ got quite a clear idea of the island. It was a secret ___17___ full of great inventors, so Luca wanted to go there to learn and invent with them. Luca spent the years of his youth inventing. Every new idea he got, he made it into an invention ___18___. Later, he met other young ___19___ and told them the secret of the island. Those inventors would also dream of getting the invitation（邀请）to the island. So they met in Luca’s house and put their inventions together. Their inventions became ___20___ across the world soon. Many people knew and loved using them. But still, no invitation came. They didn’t ___21___ and kept learning. They tried to come up with better ideas to improve people’s life. Many years later, Luca became very ___22___. He told a young man the secret of the island, and how they ___23___ hard for the invitation. Feeling ___24___, the young inventor asked, “What? You mean here isn’t really the Island of Inventions? The letter you sent me isn’t the real invitation?” Luca looked at him, and ___25___ that he had been on the island. He also knew that no island would be better than where he was at the time. 16. A. hardly B. easily C. finally D. greatly 17. A. place B. present C. person D. moment 18. A. suddenly B. quickly C. brightly D. quietly 19. A. doctors B. speakers C. workers D. inventors 20. A. different B. expensive C. strange D. famous 21. A. give up B. take in C. put down D. throw away 22. A. young B. strong C. old D. tall 23. A. dreamt B. waited C. worked D. connected 24. A. bored B. pleased C. interested D. surprised 25. A. remembered B. realized C. forgot D. imagined 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. D 21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了卢卡为了得到去发明岛的邀请信，多年来不断努力工作，不断发明新东西来提高人们的生活，很多年以后才意识到没有哪个岛会比他当时所在的地方更好。 【16题详解】 句意：经过多年的研究，他终于对这个岛有了相当清楚的了解。 hardly几乎不；easily容易地；finally最后；greatly极大地。根据“After years of study”可知，经过多年研究，最终很了解这个岛。故选C。 【17题详解】 句意：这是一个秘密的地方，到处都是伟大的发明家，所以卢卡想去那里和他们一起学习和发明。 place地方；present礼物；person人；moment时刻。根据“It”可知，代指上文的“island”，故选A。 【18题详解】 句意：他有了新想法，很快就把它变成了一项发明。 suddenly突然地；quickly快地；brightly明亮地；quietly安静地。根据“Luca spent the years of his youth inventing.”可知，此句是说他有了新想法，很快就把它变成了一项发明，故选B。 19题详解】 句意：后来，他遇到了其他年轻的发明家，并告诉他们这个岛的秘密。 doctors医生；speakers演讲者；workers工人；inventors发明家。根据“Those inventors”可知，是遇到其他发明家，故选D。 【20题详解】 句意：他们的发明很快就在全世界闻名。 different不同的；expensive昂贵的；strange奇怪的；famous著名的。根据“Many people knew and loved using them.”可知，他们的发明很出名。故选D。 21题详解】 句意：他们没有放弃，继续学习。 give up放弃；take in吸收；put down放下；throw away扔掉。根据“kept learning”可知，没有放弃而是坚持学习，故选A。 【22题详解】 句意：许多年以后，卢卡很老了。 young年轻的；strong强壮的；old老的；tall高的。根据“Many years later”和生活常识可知，变老了。故选C。 【23题详解】 句意：他告诉一个年轻人这个岛的秘密，以及他们是如何为得到邀请而努力工作的。 dreamt梦到；waited等待；worked工作；connected连接。work hard“努力工作”，固定搭配。故选C。 【24题详解】 句意：年轻的发明家感到很惊讶。 bored无聊的；pleased开心的；interested感兴趣的；surprised惊讶的。根据“What? You mean here isn’t really the Island of Inventions?The letter you sent me isn’t the real invitation?”可知，这个年轻人知道这里不是真正的发明岛，感到很惊讶。故选D。 【25题详解】 句意：卢卡望着他，意识到他曾到过岛上。 remembered记住；realized意识到；forgot忘记；imagined想象。根据“he had been on the island.”和上文的内容可知，卢卡意识到这个年轻人来过这里。故选B。 三、阅读。第一节阅读理解。 Many middle school students don’t know how to spend their free time. When they have holidays, they always have nothing to do and feel bored. Some may play computer games all day long and some may stay in bed and sleep all day. It’s not a good way. Here are some suggestions. If you don’t like to stay at home, you can go for a picnic or play some sports. In this way, you can take some fresh air and keep healthy. If you like to stay at home, you may enjoy some light music or read a few novels（小说）. You can play some indoor（室内的） games such as chess, cards, and table tennis. You can also plant some trees and flowers in your garden to make your home beautiful. It is also a good way to keep a pet and talk with it. Just develop some hobbies and you will feel much happier after a long holiday. 26. How many suggestions does the writer give if you want to stay at home? A. Six. B. Five. C. Eight. D. Nine. 27. Why do we need to do sports in our free time? A. To keep healthy. B. To make more friends. C. To make our studies better. D. To know about the world. 28. Which is NOT a good way to spend our free time according to the writer? A. Going for a picnic. B. Sleeping all day. C. Playing chess. D. Keeping a pet. 29. What’s the best title for the passage? A. What to do when you stay at home. B. How to develop your hobby. C. How to spend your free time. D. How to keep healthy. 【答案】26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，作者就如何度过空闲时间给出了几点建议。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据“If you like to stay at home, you may enjoy some light music or read a few novels（小说）. You can play some indoor（室内的） games such as chess, cards, and table tennis. You can also plant some trees and flowers in your garden to make your home beautiful. It is also a good way to keep a pet and talk with it”可知，如果你喜欢待在家里，你可以欣赏一些轻音乐或读几本小说，你可以玩一些室内游戏，如象棋、纸牌和乒乓球，你也可以在花园里种植一些树和花，也可以养宠物，共5种方法。故选B。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In this way, you can take some fresh air and keep healthy”可知，做运动是为了保持健康。故选A。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Some may play computer games all day long and some may stay in bed and sleep all day. It’s not a good way.”可知，睡一整天不是度过空闲时间的好方法。故选B。 【29题详解】 最佳标题题。根据“Many middle school students don’t know how to spend their free time…Here are some suggestions.”可知，文章主要介绍了我们应该如何度过空闲时间。故选C。 Do you know the numbers 0-9 well? They are numbers in Arabic numerals. People use them to mark numbers now. ____30____ About 2500 years age, people in Rome used their hands to count. In Roman numerals, two fingers means 2, three fingers means 3, you can keep your four fingers close on one side and your thumb on the other side. Make each of your hands be five, then you’ll have ten. ____31____ Also, “L” means fifty, “C” means one hundred. ____32____ Today, few people use them because they are difficult to write and count. But we can still see them on some watches and clocks. Today, most people use the Arabic numerals. They are easy to remember and write. ____33____ In fact, Indians first created and used the Arabic numerals. In the late 8th century, people in Arabic countries learned about them. ____34____ So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals. Today, people around the world use Arabic numerals and they help a lot. A. So in Rome, the numbers are “I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, IV, Ⅶ, Ⅷ, Ⅸ, X”. B. They help people to count things every day. C. But it’s not the only number system that people use. D. Then the Arabic people took them into Europe. E. But there is no zero in Roman numerals. 【答案】30. C 31. A 32. E 33. B 34. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了罗马数字和阿拉伯数字。 【30题详解】 根据“They are numbers in Arabic numerals.”可知，它们是阿拉伯数字中的数字，选项C“但这并不是人们使用的唯一的数字系统。”符合语境。故选C。 【31题详解】 根据“In Roman numerals, two fingers means 2, three fingers means 3, you can keep your four fingers close on one side and your thumb on the other side.”可知，在罗马数字中，两个手指代表2，三个手指代表3，你可以把四个手指放在一边，大拇指放在另一边，选项A“所以在罗马，数字是“I，Ⅱ，Ⅲ，IV，Ⅶ，Ⅷ，Ⅸ，X”。”符合语境。故选A。 【32题详解】 根据“Also, ‘L’ means fifty, ‘C’ means one hundred.”可知，此外，“L”表示50，“C”表示100，选项E“但是罗马数字里没有零。”符合语境。故选E。 【33题详解】 根据“Today, most people use the Arabic numerals. They are easy to remember and write.”可知，今天，大多数人使用阿拉伯数字。它们易于记忆和书写，选项B“它们帮助人们每天计算东西。”符合语境。故选B。 【34题详解】 根据“So people in Europe called them Arabic numerals.”可知，所以欧洲人称之为阿拉伯数字，选项D“然后阿拉伯人把它们带到了欧洲。”符合语境。故选D。 Would you like to live in a city where buildings turn the lights off for you, and self-driving cars will find the nearest parking space themselves? Although it might sound a little far from you, living in a “smart” city like this could happen sooner than you think. Great changes have taken place in towns that we have lived in for centuries, while completely new cities are being built. One such place is the city of Songdo. Every home there will have a “telepresence system (远程遥控系统)” — allowing users to control the heating and locks, take part in video meetings, and receive education, health care and government services. Around the city, escalators (自动扶梯) will only move when someone is on them, and offices and schools will all be connected to the system. The great mind behind Songdo is from the company Cisco. In fact, technology companies around the world such as IBM, Siemens and Microsoft are already in the business. About 75% of the world’s population will live in cities by 2050, so cities will need to be more modern to deal with the coming problems. “Making cities smarter is one way out, and I think this will in turn make cities greener,” said Dan Hill, head of a research company. 35. According to the passage, living in a “smart” city ________. A. is not a green way B. will be far from you C. will soon become true D. is completely impossible 36. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. City of the future. B. A meeting in Songdo. C. A plan to build a house. D. A report on public health. 37. Dan Hill thinks that making cities smarter is one way to ________. A. drive people out of cities B. develop his own company C. control the world’s population D. solve the cities’ coming problems 38. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A. Future Houses B. Smart Cities C. Government Services D. Famous Companies 【答案】35. C 36. A 37. D 38. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为我们描述了未来的智能城市。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Although it might sound a little far from you, living in a ‘smart’ city like this could happen sooner than you think.”可知住在这样的智能城市里可能实现的会比我们认为的早，故选C。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据“while completely new cities are being built.”和下文可知，本段描述的是不久的未来的新城市，故选A。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据“so cities will need to be more modern to deal with the coming problems.”和“Making cities smarter is one way out”可知城市需要成为更现代来解决即将到来的问题，而使城市更智能就是一个出路，所以推测Dan Hill认为城市更智能是解决即将到来的问题的一个方法，故选D。 【38题详解】 最佳标题题。根据文章可知，文中主要向我们描述了未来的智能城市，故选B。 Where did these numbers come from? Eleven and Twelve The number “eleven” comes from the German word “ainlif”, which means “one left” in English. Twelve follows the same rule. It comes from “twalif”—“two left”. Why did people use “teen” instead of “lif” from 13 to 19? We still don’t know. 42.195 Kilometres in a Marathon (马拉松) The story began with an ancient Greek soldier Pheidippides. Once his country won a big war (战争) and he carried the good news from Marathon to Athens. He ran so fast that he died after telling people the news. To remember Pheidippides, people held the first modern marathon in the first Olympic Games in 1896. It was about 40 km from Marathon to Athens. But race organizers for the 1908 Olympic Games in London wanted to add something special. They made it 42.195 km. And since 1924 the number 42.195 has been kept in marathon. 28 Days in February Before the calendar (历法) we use today, one of the first Roman calendars had only 304 days and ten months (March through December), he took one day from each of the 30-day months, and then made 56 days to divide between January and February (28 days each). 39. Which language do eleven and twelve come from? A. English. B. German. C. French. D. Russian. 40. The marathon became longer at London Olympic Games because ________. A. the British was bad at Maths B. the British didn’t like the Greek story C. the British wanted to run longer D. the British wanted to make the race different 41. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. We don’t know why the numbers from 13 to 19 didn’t follow the rule of twelve. B. There used to be 304 days a year according to the first Roman calendars. C. The Greek soldier ran from Athens to Marathon to carry the good news. D. After changing the old calendar, February became the shortest month in a year. 42. Where can you probably find this article? A. In a travel guide. B. In a magazine. C. In a diary. D. In a science book. 【答案】39. B 40. D 41. C 42. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于数字，马拉松以及日历计算法的由来。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The number ‘eleven’ comes from the German word ‘ainlif’, which means ‘one left’ in English.”可知，数字“十一”来自德语单词“ainlif”。故选B。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据“But race organizers for the 1908 Olympic Games in London wanted to add something special. They made it 42.195 km.”可知，但是1908年伦敦奥运会的比赛组织者想要添加一些特别的东西。故选D。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Once his country won a big war (战争) and he carried the good news from Marathon to Athens.”可知，有一次，他的国家赢得了一场大战，他把这个好消息从马拉松带到雅典，而不是从雅典带到了马拉松。故选C。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。文章通篇在介绍三种数字的由来，因此推测可以在杂志上看到这篇文章。故选B。 Public toilets around the world have a bad name for being dark, dirty and dangerous. Some public restrooms in Tokyo’s train stations don’t have hand soap inside. A kindergarten in Southern Japan stops taking children to a city park because they are afraid of the flies in the restrooms. People have long called for a change. Tokyo recently introduced new restrooms in two public parks. For one thing, they are brightly lit and look colorful. For another, they are transparent (透明的), people who need to go to the toilet can check out the cleanness and safety of the restrooms without walking inside or touching anything. The new restrooms, designed by Shigeru Ban, are made out of “smart glass” that has already been used in different buildings to provide privacy when needed. When used and locked properly, the colorful glass toilet will become opaque. When the door is unlocked, it will become transparent again. The toilets are considered as a futuristic example of the country’s technological achievements. However, people hold different opinions about these new public toilets. “It will take time to get used to the idea,” said Ming Cheng, whose job is designing buildings. But he would like to give it a try. Sarah Copper white, said that although she always avoided public toilets, she was glad to use the new ones because they looked bright and clean. “I trust science,” she said in a phone interview. “I don’t want to put my privacy at risk,” Sachiko Ishikawa, a 32-year-old writer and translator, said. Ms Ishikawa worried that some small mistakes might make restroom users accidentally expose (暴露) themselves. Talia Harris, a writer who has lived in Tokyo for seven years, “I think this will make people feel more uncomfortable, especially for women.” Ms Harris, said. 43. What does the underlined word “opaque” possibly mean in English? A. Not able to be seen through. B. Not clean enough to be used. C. Warm enough for people to use. D. Big enough to hold many people. 44. What does Sachiko Ishikawa think of the new public toilets? A. They cost too much. B. They are quite amazing. C. They make users uncomfortable. D. They cannot make people feel safe. 45. Which is the best title of the passage? A. How do we use a public toilet? B. Public toilet around the world. C. New public toilet in Tokyo. D. Never use public toilet. 【答案】43. A 44. D 45. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了日本为解决公共厕所不干净不卫生的问题，推出了新型“透明”厕所，并介绍了不同人对这个东西的看法。 【43题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“When used and locked properly, the colorful glass toilet will become...”可知，当透明厕所使用得当，是不会被看穿的。故选A。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据“‘I don’t want to put my privacy at risk,’ Sachiko Ishikawa, a 32-year-old writer and translator, said.”和“Ms Ishikawa worried that some small mistakes might make restroom users accidentally expose (暴露) themselves”可知，Sachiko Ishikawa担心这个厕所不能让人感到安全。故选D。 【45题详解】 最佳标题题。根据文章通篇在介绍“透明”厕所，故最佳标题为东京新建的公共厕所。故选C。 四、写作。 第一节 语篇填词。 There is a story which tells us about a bookshop. The bookshop was very large and it had many different books i____46____ story books, magazines, guide books. A medical student found a very helpful book in the shop, but it was too e____47____ for him to buy. He couldn’t get it from the library, either. So every afternoon, he went to the shop to read a little a time. He usually took a notebook with him and c____48____ down some useful information from the book. The bookshop was open for 24 hours, so he could go there a____49____. One day, however, he couldn’t find the book from its usual place. “Maybe the bookstore sold it this morning.” the student thought and was leaving. S____50____, he heard a voice greeting him. He turned around and saw an assistant smiling at him. To his surprise, the assistant pointed to the book in a corner. “I put the book there so that you can find it easily,” said the assistant. The student went on with his reading after saying thanks to the assistant. 【答案】46. (i)ncluding 47. (e)xpensive 48. (c)opied 49. (a)nytime 50. (s)uddenly 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个学生在书店找到一本非常有用的书，可他买不起，在图书馆也借不到，所以他带着笔记本每天去书店学一点，可是有一天他找不到那本书，以为已经被卖掉，可事实上是店员帮他放到了他更容易找到的地方。 【46题详解】 句意：书店是非常大的并且有许多种书，杂志，字典等等。根据首字母i及“...it had many different books,...story books, magazines, guide books,”可知，很多种书，包括故事书，杂志，旅行指南等等，此处需要介词作状语，including“包括”符合语境。故填(i)ncluding。 【47题详解】 句意：一个医学学生在店里发现了一本非常有用的书，但是太贵他买不起。根据首字母e及“...but it was too...for him to buy.”可知，书本很有用，但是他没钱买，此处需要一个形容词来作表语，expensive“贵的”符合语境。故填(e)xpensive。 【48题详解】 句意：他通常随身带着一个笔记本并且从这本书里摘抄一些有用的信息。根据c及“...with him and...down some useful information from the book.”可知，此处需要一个动词短语“抄下”，copy down“摘录，抄写”，文章时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式，copy的过去式为copied。故填(c)opied。 【49题详解】 句意：书店24小时营业，所以他能随时去书店。根据首字母a及“The bookshop was open for 24 hours, so he could go there...”可知，书店24小时开门，他能随时去，此处用副词短语修饰go，anywhere“随时”符合语境。故填(a)nytime。 【50题详解】 句意：突然他听到一个和他打招呼的声音。根据首字母S及“...he heard a voice greeting him.”可知，忽然有人和他打招呼，此处需要用副词放句首，suddenly“忽然间”符合语境。故填(s)uddenly。 第二节完成句子。 51. 他是一名警察，他的工作是查清真相。 He ________ ________ a policeman, and his job is to ________ ________ the truth. 【答案】 ①. works ②. as ③. find ④. out 【解析】 【详解】work as“以……身份工作”，此句是一般现在时，主语He为第三人称单数形式，谓语动词用三单；find out“查清”，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填works；as；find；out。 52. 过去我们通过书信来保持联系。 In the past, we used to ________ ________ ________ ________ each other by letters. 【答案】 ①. keep ②. in ③. touch ④. with 【解析】 【详解】对比中英文可知，此处缺少“保持联系”的翻译，英文表达为keep in touch with sb；used to do sth“过去常常做某事”，所以第一空填动词原形，故填keep；in；touch；with。 53. 这个故事不如那个有趣。 This story is ________ ________ ________ ________ that one. 【答案】 ①. not ②. as##so ③. interesting##funny ④. as 【解析】 【详解】“不如……”为“not as/so+形容词或副词原级+as…”；该句为系表结构，形容词作表语，“有趣的”为 interesting或funny，故填not；as/so；interesting/funny；as。 54. 我们期待着参加即将到来的校运会。 We are ________ ________ ________ ________ part in the coming school sports meeting. 【答案】 ①. looking ②. forward ③. to ④. taking 【解析】 【详解】期待做某事：look forward to doing sth.，此处用动词的现在分词和前面的be动词构成现在进行时；参加：take part in。故填looking；forward；to；taking。 55. 同时做两件不同的事情是很难的。 It is difficult to do two different things ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 ①. at ②. the ③. same ④. time 【解析】 【详解】根据所给中英文可知，空格处表示的是“同时”。at the same time是一个介词短语，表示“同时”，用于描述两个或多个事件在同一时刻发生。故填at；the；same；time。 第三节书面表达。 56. 随着电话手表（ telephone watch）越来越流行，同学们对是否应该使用电话手表进行了讨论。假如你是李华，你们学校英语社针对这一话题展开了问卷调查。请你写一篇英语短文，简要介绍此次调查的结果。需要包含以下要点。 调查结果 理由 37% 的学生喜欢电话手表 1、随时随地和父母、朋友联系 2、为了我们的安全，父母可以知道我们的位置 63% 的学生不喜欢电话手表 1、可以玩游戏，浪费时间 2、（请补充） 你的观点 ......（请补充 1~2 点理由） 要求：词数 80 词左右（短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 Recently, our school has done a survey about telephone watches._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文 Recently, our school has done a survey about telephone watches. According to the survey, students hold different views towards telephone watches. Thirty-seven percent of the students like the watches because they think they can communicate with their parents and friends at any time with the watches. Also, they believe the watches make them safer as their parents can know their location with the help of the watches. However, sixty-three percent of the students dislike the watches. They argue that many students use the watches to play games, which waste much time. What's more, they think the watches are too expensive for students.As far as I am concerned, I like telephone watches because we just need to wear them around the wrist. It is very convenient and unlikely to get lost easily. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ② 时态：时态为一般现在时； ③ 提示：写作内容提示已给出，考生要注意不要遗漏内容提示中的信息，并且要在内容提示的基础上适当发挥，文章内容更加丰满。 [写作步骤] 第一步：陈述很多学生对于电话手表持不同观点。 第二步：陈述37%的学生喜欢电话手表及63%的学生不喜欢电话手表，并根据表格中的内容提示，各自说明原因。尤其注意，在陈述不喜欢电话手表的原因时，要自己补充一点。 第三步：阐述自己对于电话手表的观点，并说明自己持这种观点的原因。 [亮点词汇] ①According to...根据…… ② hold different views towards...对……持不同观点 ③ communicate with...与……交流 ④be unlikely to do sth.不可能做某事 [高分句型] ① Thirty-seven percent of the students like the watches because they think they can communicate with their parents and friends at any time with the watches. （because引导的原因状语从句） ② They argue that many students use the watches to play games, which waste much time.（which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$