备战2025年高考英语一轮复习模拟卷05（山东专用）

备战2025年高考英语一轮复习模拟卷（山东专用）05 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．Whose birthday is it today? A．Cassie’s. B．John’s. C．Ashley’s. 2．What does the man think of Allan’s paintings? A．Funny. B．Terrible. C．So- so. 3．What does the woman mean? A．David often eats his words. B．Her party was a success. C．Dr. Andrew put off his lecture. 4．How do the speakers sound? A．Fine. B．Relaxed. C．Worried. 5．What happened to Josh’s sister yesterday? A．She served the wrong dish. B．She got lost with her brother. C．She failed to behave herself in public. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答6~7小题。 6．What’s the man? A．A hotel receptionist. B．A salesman. C．A painter. 7．Which colour will the woman try on? A．Red. B．Black. C．Purple. 听第7段材料，回答8~9小题。 8．What does the woman think the man’s problem is? A．He refused to listen to her. B．He’s disturbed by other things. C．He stopped studying for long. 9．What’s the second thing the woman asks the man to avoid? A．Music. B．The dog. C．The phone. 听第8段材料，回答10~12小题。 10．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．The man’s work day. B．The woman’s school day. C．The man’s phone. 11．Why was it difficult for the woman to figure out the thief? A．Something was wrong with the camera. B．Too many people wore the same suit. C．The thief’s face was covered tightly. 12．To whom will the man report the theft? A．The police. B．CCTV. C．The insurance. 听第9段材料，回答13~16小题。 13．What are the speakers doing? A．Making work plans. B．Visiting a customer. C．Booking a meeting room. 14．What does the woman think of the first task? A．It’s in a hurry. B．It’s unimportant. C．It’s time- consuming. 15．What’s the man’s last task? A．Writing a report. B．Starting a new project. C．Sending an email. 16．When will the woman give a presentation? A．Today. B．Next week. C．Next month. 听第10段材料，回答17~20小题。 17．What is Belfast famous for? A．Making ropes. B．Building ships. C．Selling tea. 18．What will the visitors do this morning? A．Visit City Hall. B．Attend a concert. C．Go to a garden. 19．Where will the visitors go tomorrow morning? A．The Ulster Hall. B．The Palm House. C．The Ulster Museum. 20．How long will the tour last? A．One day. B．Two days. C．Three days. 第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Best Maldives Island for Your Travel Style Every resort (度假地) in Maldives is its own private island but choosing the right one for you can be difficult. Want to kick off your Indian Ocean holiday in style? Our guide will help you know what to look for in the hunt for your ideal island.Waldorf Astoria Maldives Ithaafushi You’ll never go hungry at the Waldorf Astoria Maldives Ithaafushi, which has 11 restaurants, including ones specializing in garden-to-table cuisine. There are regular food-themed events, too — our favorites include Arabian Night and the Twilight Seafood Barbecue.Four Seasons Resort Maldives Considered one of the best spots in the Maldives for honeymoons, the Four Seasons Resort Maldives has a huge range of room categories and offers a brilliant selection of packages, including Island Romance packages that feature fantastic extras designed with couples in mind.Fairmont Maldives There are numerous reasons to visit the Fairmont Maldives, including the fact that it’s a great place to learn about sustainability, whether it’s at the Sustainability Lab, where guests can turn discarded plastic bottles into jewelry or during excursions with marine biologists from a charity created to protect sea turtles. Heritance Aarah Heritance Aarah recently opened its Live Maldivian Village Museum, which focuses on 4,000 years of Maldivian history. Guests can learn about the art of coral stone carving and find out why locals are known as some of the world’s best boat builders. To ensure you experience the Maldives’ best bits, schedule a holiday every month without fail. We’re joking, but you get the point: think what you want to see and do, and brush up on the different areas’ seasonal selling points. 21．Who are the target readers of the article? A．Sports lovers. B．Travel enthusiasts. C．Wilderness explorers. D．Travel agents. 22．What do you know about the four islands recommended? A．They are the first four most-visited sites. B．They have their own unique characteristics. C．They are just tailored for young couples. D．They feature absolute peace and tranquility. 23．Why does the author make suggestions in the last paragraph? A．To persuade you to journey to Maldives. B．To urge you to start a holiday early. C．To remind you not to miss selling points. D．To help you choose the ideal island. B From the sky, parts of Borneo look like the top of a giant broccoli (西兰花). As the world’s third largest island with tropical rain forest, it lies in Southeast Asia. I lived on Borneo and was fortunate to have many wild animals visit my backyard. During the first week in our home, I found a few eggs in a bed of dirt. I was told they were the eggs of a black spitting cobra (眼镜蛇) which was common here. Poison from its bite can kill a person in one to six hours. However, a cobra makes its living by eating small animals. It strikes at humans only in self-defense. We could live with our cobra by being careful not to surprise or scare it. As a family, my husband and I and our three children thought of ways to be on the lookout. We made up chants and rhymes that we recited aloud so that we were alert and aware whenever we set foot outdoors. One went: Cobra, cobra, are you there? Please don’t fall onto my hair. The other day, the snake was on a branch of an oil-palm tree, less than ten feet from where we were sipping tea. Everyone came out to see it, and chairs were arranged as if for a concert. Its skin was jet-black. It glistened in the sun and lay still. Only through the binoculars (望远镜) could we see her breathing. She seemed to enjoy all the attention. As we stared openmouthed at her grace, she missed a branch and fell splat to the ground. We burst out laughing as she recovered and wriggled up the tree. I joked with my husband it was funny the way the cobra was showing off so much that it got too sure of itself and fell. He replied snakes probably do not think like humans. Then I realized a snake would naturally stay near the oil-palm tree whose cores are a rich source of food for mice and squirrels. Small mammals are the cobra’s favorite meal. We shared the garden with the cobra for the rest of our stay and were sad indeed when we had to move and leave Borneo. 24．Why did we sing out “Cobra, cobra, are you there”? A．To scare away cobras. B．To draw cobras’ attention. C．To caution ourselves against dangers. D．To remind ourselves of small mammals. 25．What can be learned about the cobra? A．It is into humans. B．It thinks like humans. C．Its favorite food is eggs. D．It is dangerous when threatened. 26．Why did the cobra stay on an oil-palm tree? A．For food. B．For rest. C．For pleasure. D．For sunbathing. 27．What is the purpose of writing the passage? A．To show respect for mother nature. B．To call on people to protect snakes. C．To share an interesting life experience. D．To introduce a common cobra to readers. C Vitamin D was recognized a century ago as the cure for rickets, a childhood disease that causes weak bones. Then, in the early 2000s, a pile of studies suggested that low vitamin D levels could be a factor in cancer, cardiovascular (心血管) disease, Parkinson’s disease and so on. This simple vitamin seemed to be a cure for whatever troubled us. However, all these observational studies have a fundamental weakness: they can identify a co-occurrence between vitamin D and a disease, but they can’t prove there is a cause-and-effect relation. To look at whether taking vitamin D had curative effects, Manson and her team started the world’s largest and most far-reaching randomized vitamin D trial. The study followed nearly 26,000 healthy adults, randomized to receive either 2,000 international units (IU) of vitamin D or a placebo (安慰剂), for an average of 5.3 years. The volunteers were almost evenly split between men and women, and 20 percent of the participants were black. The results came as a shock. Not only did vitamin D not reduce rates of cancer or heart disease, but the trial also found that vitamin D did not prevent or improve cognitive function, or reduce the risk of bone fractures (骨折). The finding about fractures “was a real surprise to many people,” Manson says. In 2011, the Institute of Medicine established an expert committee to conduct a thorough analysis of all existing studies on vitamin D and health. The committee concluded that the bone-strengthening benefits of vitamin D remain steady when blood levels reach 12 to 16 nanograms per milliliter. They also found that there were no benefits to having levels above 20 ng/ml. According to measurements of vitamin D levels in the general U.S. population, most had levels of 20 ng/ml or more in 2011. Levels have actually risen since then, meaning that most people don’t need to take extra vitamin D． The ups and downs of vitamin D offer a lesson in humility. The relation between the vitamin and disease is far more complicated than it first seemed and a reminder that scientific understanding is always developing over time. 28．What is the problem with the early studies regarding vitamin D? A．No related cases were involved. B．They lack convincing evidence. C．No observation was conducted. D．They fail to account for anything. 29．Why were 20 percent of the participants black in Manson’s trial? A．To identify vitamin D-related disease. B．To help solve the problems they faced. C．To make their findings more reliable. D．To show their respect for the minority. 30．What do you know about the findings in paragraph 3 and 4? A．They proved vitamin D was the cure for disease. B．They revealed that vitamin D made no difference. C．They came as no surprise to Manson and her team. D．They updated people’s knowledge about vitamin D． 31．What should we realize from the ups and downs of vitamin D? A．Scientific understanding is dynamic. B．We should not believe the old theories. C．Research into vitamins is worthwhile. D．Some diseases are practically incurable. D Shadows are often associated with darkness and uncertainty. Now, researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) are giving shadows a positive spin by demonstrating a way to harness this common but often overlooked optical (光学的) effect to generate electricity. The team created a device called a shadow-effect energy generator (SEG), which makes use of the contrast in illumination (照明) between lit and shadowed areas to generate electricity. It’s made up of a series of thin strips of gold film on a silicon layer, which is then placed on a flexible plastic base. “In conventional optoelectronics (光电子学) where a steady source of light is used to power devices, shadows are undesirable, since they degrade the performance of devices. In this work, we took advantage of the illumination contrast caused by shadows as an indirect source of power. The contrast in illumination causes a voltage (电压) difference between the shadow and illuminated sections, resulting in an electric current. This novel concept of harvesting energy in the presence of shadows is unprecedented.” explained research team leader Professor Tan Swee Ching. Mobile electronic devices such as smart phones, smart glasses and e-watches require efficient and continuous power supply. As these devices are worn both indoors and outdoors, wearable power sources that could harness surrounding light can potentially improve the function of these devices. While commercially available solar cells can perform this role in an outdoor environment, their energy harvesting efficiency drops significantly under indoor conditions where shadows are persistent. This new approach to maximizing the efficiency of energy harvesting is both exciting and timely. “When the whole SEG is under illumination or in shadow, the amount of electricity generated is very low or none at all. When a part of the SEG is illuminated, a significant electrical output is detected. We also found that the best surface area for electricity generation is when half of the SEG is illuminated and the other half in shadow, as this gives enough area for charge generation and collection respectively.” said co- team leader Professor Andrew Wee. The NUS researchers are also looking at developing wearable SEGs attached to clothing to harvest energy during normal daily activities. Another promising area of research is the development of low- cost SEG for efficient harvesting of energy from indoor lighting. 32．Why are shadows considered undesirable in traditional optoelectronics? A．They serve no useful purpose. B．They weaken device performance. C．They are rare in outdoor conditions. D．They are difficult to control or predict. 33．What do we know about the SEG? A．It’s specially designed to work in open areas. B．It will replace existing solar cells once and for all. C．It’s most effective when fully positioned in light or in shadow. D．It requires a balance of light and shadow to maximize electricity generation. 34．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．The SEG is unlikely to work efficiently in dark places. B．The researchers are looking to reduce the cost of the SEG. C．The development of SEG is limited by its high production cost. D．The researchers are developing wearable SEGs attached to smart phones. 35．What does the text mainly talk about? A．An innovative use of shadows to generate electricity. B．The problems with shadows in conventional optoelectronics. C．The challenges of adapting technology for wearable devices. D．A need for efficient power supply in mobile electronic devices. 第二节(共5小题:每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In the dynamic world of fitness, where treadmills (跑步机) hum and weights clink, an emerging concern for sustainability is reshaping the gym experience. 36 ? In this guide, we’ll navigate through key aspects of eco- conscious fitness to help you figure out if your gym is on the sustainable track. ●Energy-efficient equipment A sustainable gym starts with the tools that push your workout. Modern fitness equipment is evolving beyond the pursuit of personal records. 37 . Energy- efficient machines, equipped with regenerative braking systems and smart technology, employ the power generated during workouts to balance electricity consumption. Look at the very tools that power your workout. Are the machines equipped with energy- efficient features? Do they employ the energy generated during workouts to contribute back to the gym’s power needs? ● 38 The infrastructure (基础设施) of a gym plays a crucial role in its sustainability journey. The use of eco- friendly materials, energy- efficient lighting and strategic design for natural air circulation are key elements of a green fitness space. Explore the infrastructure of your gym. Does the overall design facilitate natural air circulation and use sustainable construction practices? ●Waste management As you are sweating it out at the gym, what happens to the waste generated? Sustainable fitness spaces prioritise comprehensive waste management systems. 39 . Direct your attention to how your gym manages waste. Are there visible recycling programs for plastics, paper and other common gym materials? Does the gym use eco- friendly cleaning products, demonstrating a commitment to minimising its environmental impact? ● Renewable energy integration 40 , but sustainable fitness facilities find innovative ways to employ renewable energy. Solar panels and other renewable energy sources are integrated into the gym’s infrastructure to offset power consumption, reducing the facility’s carbon footprint and contributing to a greener energy landscape. Investigate whether your gym is tapping into renewable energy sources. Are there solar panels or wind turbines integrated into the infrastructure? A．This involves recycling programs for common gym materials B．Green building practices C．Adaptable fitness facilities D．But how do you know if your gym is truly sustainable E．The energy demands of a busy gym can be considerable F．It’s now contributing to the joint efforts for a greener planet G．Are there signs that your workout increases carbon footprint 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One morning, Huang Fulin, a local farmer, rode a motorcycle to the Lixinsha Bridge in Guangzhou. The bridge, is the main 41 connecting the Nansha Economic Development Zone with Sanmin Island. The visibility was 42 that day. However, when Huang was about 20 meters away from the bridge, he saw a thick fog, and it was very dark around. It 43 that a container ship hit the pier (桥墩) of the Bridge, causing it to 44 . Huang saw a 45 coming his way. At that very moment, he 46 flashed his lights and shouted loudly, “Stop! It’s dangerous.” The lorry driver, Wang Guoliang reversed his truck back and 47 it horizontally at the T-junction to the bridge. “My truck is about 15 meters long. By 48 the road with the truck at the T-junction, the only route to Sanmin Island, the 49 wouldn’t be able to get onto the bridge,” Wang said. Meanwhile, Huang 50   the accident to the on-duty officers, who quickly arrived at the scene and 51 traffic cones (路障) on the road. Before more police were 52 to the spot, Officer Tang, on the other side of the bridge, stopped vehicles about to cross the bridge. Meanwhile, Tang 53 a video of the damaged bridge on his WeChat Moments to 54 others about the dangerous situation. According to the official website, they will be awarded with the title of individuals who act bravely in a(n) 55 . 41．A．passage B．commute C．routine D．district 42．A．dusty B．delicate C．poor D．clear 43．A．fell down B．dropped in C．popped up D．turned out 44．A．explode B．crack C．destroy D．shake 45．A．pedestrian B．lifeboat C．truck D．policeman 46．A．effortlessly B．continuously C．suddenly D．casually 47．A．drove B．parked C．shaped D．turned 48．A．crossing B．loading C．blocking D．blanketing 49．A．vehicles B．ambulance C．passengers D．passers-by 50．A．uttered B．reported C．phoned D．investigated 51．A．posed B．covered C．made D．placed 52．A．assigned B．delivered C．followed D．forced 53．A．produced B．edited C．saved D．posted 54．A．attract B．terrify C．warn D．expose 55．A．incident B．operation C．friction D．emergency 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Jili silk is a type of silk produced in Jili Village, Huzhou City Zhejiang Province. Jili Village has produced silk 56 the village was established in the late Yuan Dynasty. Jili silk is soft and fine with 57 even thickness and shiny white color. With these features, Jili silk is widely recognized in China and across the world. In the mid-Ming Dynasty this silk became well-known for 58 (be) one of the materials used to make the emperor’s robes. In the Qing Dynasty, the government used to purchase a large amount of Jili silk each year. In 1851, Shanghai merchant Xu Rongcun took Jili silk to the first World Expo held in London, 59 the fabric won two top awards. In 2011, Jili silk 60 (include) in the list of China’s national intangible cultural heritage items. The silkworm (蚕) 61 (raise) for Jili silk is called the Lianxin, literally meaning lotus seed. In Jili Village, wooden reeling tools were designed 62 (specific) for Jili silk. The silk making technique was traditionally passed down by female members of a family. In addition to being used for clothes, quality Jili silk can also be made into strings for Chinese guqin, or used as materials 63 (restore) ancient silk scrolls (卷轴). Today, through genetic screening technology, inheritors of Jili silk making can make silk with natural colors. The step of dyeing (染色) thus becomes 64 (necessary) in some cases. The efforts of combining the 65 (wise) of Jili silk making with modern technology are giving a new life to the ancient Chinese handicraft in the modern era. 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66．假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华。为了迎接第二届“全国生态日(National Ecology Day)”的到来，你校将于2024年8月12日下午4:00-5:30 在学校礼堂开展一次环保知识竞赛。请你用英文写一则通知。内容包括： 1．竞赛主题、时间及地点； 2．报名方法； 3．鼓励大家踊跃报名。 注意：1．词数100左右； 2．开头和结尾已为你写好。 Notice Dear fellow students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students Union 第二节(满分25分) 67．阅读下列材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Hearing that one neighbor had just welcomed a new litter, Allen, a 9- year- old boy, rushed to see the newborn cats. However, during his visit, Allen noticed one of the cats wasn’t moving due to disability on its hind (后面的) legs. So while the other little cats were exploring their surroundings, this one stayed behind. Allen was significantly affected by the scene of this lonesome cat. He returned home and started to wonder whether he could do anything to help. When the boy told his mother about that, the mother recalled a video about pet wheelchairs. They finally found the video on YouTube, in which an animal lover, Addy, shared a heartwarming and innovative project: building a wheelchair for a pet cat with mobility issues due to a hind- leg injury. As a caring pet owner, Addy took viewers through the DIY process of making a custom wheelchair to aid her cat’s movement and improve its quality of life. She began by measuring the cat and based on the measurements, cut the plastic pipes to make a frame (支架). Then she connected the pipes and attached the wheels to the back end of the frame. Finally, she added a harness (保护带) to ensure it was fit and comfortable for the cat. Seeing the cat in the wheelchair moving around happily with the support, Allen thought that would be the best option for the little cat. But the wheelchair in the video seemed too big and too heavy for a newborn cat. Where could he find the suitable materials? His mother unearthed an old bag from the cupboard, whose belt was just fine for the the harness. As for the frame, they searched the storage room in their house and found an old umbrella, whose frame provided enough thin iron bars that were durable and light. But they were difficult for him to cut off. Allen thought his father could help. However, where could they find the small wheels? (320 words) 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右： 2. 请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。 Allen suddenly spotted a familiar item in the corner of the storage room. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Together, they built a tiny wheelchair for the little cat. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 试卷第2页，共22页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 备战2025年高考英语一轮复习模拟卷（山东专用）05 参考答案 英语·答案及评分标准 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 1—5 CBACC 6—10 BABBC 11—15 BCAAA 16—20 CBACB 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 21．B 22．B 23．D 24．C 25．D 26．A 27．C 28．B 29．C 30．D 31．A 32．B 33．D 34．B 35．A 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 36．D 37．F 38．B 39．A 40．E 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 41．A 42．D 43．D 44．B 45．C 46．B 47．B 48．C 49．A 50．B 51．D 52．A 53．D 54．C 55．D 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 56．since 57．an 58．being 59．where 60．was included 61．raised 62．specifically 63．to restore 64．unnecessary 65．wisdom 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 【参考范文】 Notice Dear fellow students, In order to celebrate the second National Ecology Day and raise our awareness of environmental protection, the Students Union is going to hold a contest on how to protect our home planet at 4:00-5:30 pm on 12 August, 2024 in the hall. If you are interested, you can start to sign up at the Students Union office now. The contest includes two parts: quiz and debate. For more detailed information, please visit our website and read the related instructions. All students who are interested in challenging themselves and protecting our home planet are welcome to participate! The Students Union 应用文写作评分标准 一、评分原则 1. 本题总分为15分，按5个档次给分。 2. 评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。 3. 词数少于60和多于100的，从总分中减去2分。 4. 评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性及上下文的连贯性。 5. 拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。 6. 如书写较差，以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。 二、各档次的给分范围和要求 档次 描述 第五档 (13～15分) 完全完成了试题规定的任务。 - 覆盖所有内容要点。 - 应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。 - 语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但因尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。 - 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。 完全达到了预期的写作目的。 第四档 (10～12分) 完全完成了试题规定的任务。 - 虽漏掉1、2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。 - 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。 - 语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。 - 应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。 达到了预期的写作目的。 第三档 (7～9分) 基本完成了试题规定的任务。 - 虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。 - 应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。 - 有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。 - 应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯。 整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。 第二档 (4～6分) 未适当完成试题规定的任务。 - 漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。 - 语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。 - 有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。 - 较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。 信息未能清楚地传达给读者。 第一档 (1～3分) 未完成试题规定的任务。 - 明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。 - 语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。 - 较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。 - 缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。 信息未能传达给读者。 0分 未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。 第二节（满分25分） 【参考范文】 Allen suddenly spotted a familiar item in the corner of the storage room. That was his toy car. There were four small wheels on it! So pleased was Allen that he grasped it immediately. He carefully took off the wheels from the toy car which had accompanied him through his childhood. Now its wheels would aid him to give a helping hand to a poor cat. Allen got all the necessary materials for the wheelchair ready. Then he went to the neighbor’s to measure the cat and came back with the data. His father helped to cut the umbrella frame into several bars and assisted Allen in connecting the components. (97 words) Together, they built a tiny wheelchair for the little cat. The caring boy was excited and proud when he looked at the wheelchair. It was a joint effort. Holding the little wheelchair, Allen rushed to the neighbor’s. Witnessing the little cat placed in the small wheelchair, Allen was looking forward to the moment that it would move around by itself. As he had expected, the little cat rose to its feet with the support for the hind legs. It did move, though slowly! Seeing this, Allen couldn’t help clapping and jumping with joy. His kindness and creation did make a difference to the little creature. 读后续写评分原则 一、评分标准 1. 本题总分为25分，按七个档次进行评分。 2. 评分时，主要从续写内容、语言表达、篇章结构三个方面考虑，具体为： （1）创造内容的质量，续写的完整性及与原文情景的融洽度。 （2）所使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性。 （3）上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性。 3. 评分时，应先根据作答的具体情况确定其所属的档次，然后以该档次的要求来综合衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。 4. 评分时还应注意： （1）词数少于120的，酌情扣分； （2）书写较差以致影响交际的，酌情扣分； （3）单词拼写和标点符号是写作规范的重要方面，评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑，英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。 二、各档次的给分范围和要求 第七档（22—25分） 创造了新颖、丰富、合理的内容，富有逻辑性，续写完整，与原文情境融洽度高； 使用了多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达流畅，语言错误很少，且完全不影响理解； 自然有效地使用了段落间、语句间衔接手段，全文结构清晰，前后呼应，意义连贯。 第六档（18—21分） 创造了比较丰富、合理的内容，比较有逻辑性，续写比较完整，与原文情境融洽度较高； 使用了比较多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达比较流畅，有个别错误，但不影响理解； 比较有效地使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构清晰，意义比较连贯。 第五档（15—17分） 创造了基本合理的内容，有一定的逻辑性，续写基本完整，与原文情境相关； 使用了比较恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达方式不够多样性，表达有些许错误，但基本不影响理解； 使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯。 第四档（11—14分） 创造了基本完整的故事内容，但有的情节不够合理或逻辑性不强，与原文情境基本相关； 使用了简单的词汇和语法结构，有部分语言错误和不恰当之处，个别部分影响理解； 有语句衔接的意识，全文结构基本清晰，意义基本连贯。 第三档（6—10分） 内容和逻辑上有一些重大问题，续写不够完整，与原文有一定程度脱节； 所用的词汇有限，语法结构单调，错误较多且比较低级，影响理解； 未能有效地使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不够清晰，意义欠连贯。 第二档（1—5分） 内容和逻辑上有较多重大问题，或有部分内容抄自原文，续写不完整，与原文情境基本脱节； 所使用的词汇非常有限，语法结构单调，错误极多，严重影响理解。 几乎没有使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不清晰，意义不连贯。 第一档（0分） 未作答；所写内容太少或无法看清以致无法评判；所写内容全部抄自原文或与题目要求完全不相关。 试卷第2页，共22页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null 备战2025年高考英语一轮复习模拟卷（山东专用）05 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．Whose birthday is it today? A．Cassie’s. B．John’s. C．Ashley’s. 【答案】C 【原文】M: Cassie, I’m sorry. I thought I’d set my alarm clock, but I didn’t hear it ring! W: Oh, no, John, Ashley’s birthday party is going to start in a few minutes. Let’s hurry up and get there. 2．What does the man think of Allan’s paintings? A．Funny. B．Terrible. C．So- so. 【答案】B 【原文】W: How do you feel about my friend Allan’s art show last night? M: Yeah, it was... fun. W: What about his paintings? M: They were... Um, actually they were terrible. I hated them. 3．What does the woman mean? A．David often eats his words. B．Her party was a success. C．Dr. Andrew put off his lecture. 【答案】A 【原文】W: David, are you coming to Dr. Andrew’s lecture tomorrow? M: Of course! I will be there. W: You know, you also said you were coming to my Paint My Kitchen Party, but you didn’t. 4．How do the speakers sound? A．Fine. B．Relaxed. C．Worried. 【答案】C 【原文】W: The boss just told me the company is fine and only cutting a few jobs. M: How is that supposed to make me feel better? Steve just got fired today. W: Sounds like he is trying to hide the truth. 5．What happened to Josh’s sister yesterday? A．She served the wrong dish. B．She got lost with her brother. C．She failed to behave herself in public. 【答案】C 【原文】W: Yesterday I had dinner with Josh and his sister Sara. M: Um... what did you think? W: She is really rude. She actually shouted at the waiter in the restaurant for bringing her the wrong dish. Josh just doesn’t see how unpleasant she is. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答6~7小题。 6．What’s the man? A．A hotel receptionist. B．A salesman. C．A painter. 7．Which colour will the woman try on? A．Red. B．Black. C．Purple. 【答案】6．B 7．A 【原文】M: Can I help you? W: Yes, have you got this T- shirt in other colours? M: We’ve got it in white, black, red and purple. What size do you want? W: Medium. M: OK, in medium we’ve got black and red. W: And in purple? M: No, just black and red. W: OK, red. Can I try it on? M: Yes, of course. The changing rooms are over there. 听第7段材料，回答8~9小题。 8．What does the woman think the man’s problem is? A．He refused to listen to her. B．He’s disturbed by other things. C．He stopped studying for long. 9．What’s the second thing the woman asks the man to avoid? A．Music. B．The dog. C．The phone. 【答案】8．B 9．B 【原文】M: I don’t know what to do. I start off studying but I always end up doing something else. W: I’ll help you but please listen to me. You need to take away all of the things that stop you working. M: What do you mean? W: First, turn off your music. Music doesn’t help you study. And put the dog outside! M: What? W: Well, every time the dog goes into your room, you stop studying to touch it. M: OK. Bye, my dog! W: Have an apple and a glass of water on your desk before you start. Here you are. M: Why? W: Because then you don’t need to go to the kitchen for something to eat or drink. And turn off your phone. It stops you working. M: OK, but I can’t turn off the Internet on my computer. I need it to look up information. W: OK, but you can turn off your messages. 听第8段材料，回答10~12小题。 10．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．The man’s work day. B．The woman’s school day. C．The man’s phone. 11．Why was it difficult for the woman to figure out the thief? A．Something was wrong with the camera. B．Too many people wore the same suit. C．The thief’s face was covered tightly. 12．To whom will the man report the theft? A．The police. B．CCTV. C．The insurance. 【答案】10．C 11．B 12．C 【原文】W: Hi, Dad. Did you have a good day at work? M: Same as usual, really. What about you? Good day at school? W: Yeah, pretty good. Except for one little thing... M: What’s the matter? W: Do you remember you lent me your phone? M: Yes? W: Well, I was standing just outside school, texting Jack, and somebody ran past and st ole it. M: You let someone steal my phone? W: I didn’t let them. M: No, I suppose not. But did you know that might happen? Was that a dangerous spot? W: Well, I had heard of that happening, but I’d forgotten. Anyway, I didn’t think it would happen to me. M: Did you see who it was? W: No. It was someone in a blue tracksuit, and there were loads of people who wore those. But there’s a CCTV camera on the entrance. It might have got a shot of the thief’s face. M: You reported it then? W: Well, not yet, but I will tomorrow. M: All right. Don’t forget to report it tomorrow. I’ll have a look at the insurance and see if it’s covered. 听第9段材料，回答13~16小题。 13．What are the speakers doing? A．Making work plans. B．Visiting a customer. C．Booking a meeting room. 14．What does the woman think of the first task? A．It’s in a hurry. B．It’s unimportant. C．It’s time- consuming. 15．What’s the man’s last task? A．Writing a report. B．Starting a new project. C．Sending an email. 16．When will the woman give a presentation? A．Today. B．Next week. C．Next month. 【答案】13．A 14．A 15．A 16．C 【原文】W: Hi, Mario. Can you help me prepare some things for the next month? M: OK, sure. W: I need to visit the customers in Germany. It’s important. M: What can I do to help? W: Can you send an email to the customers? Ask them when I can visit them next week. Please do this first. It’s very urgent. M: Right. I’ll do it today. W: Thanks. This next task is also important. Can you invite everyone to the next team meeting? M: Yes, I will. W: But first you need to book a meeting room. After that, please send everyone an email about it. M: Yes, of course. W: And finally, can you write a short report about our new project? I have to give a presentation to our managers next month. Please do it when you have time— sometime in the next two or three weeks. It’s not too urgent. M: Sure, no problem. I can do it this week. W: There’s no hurry. Take your time. 听第10段材料，回答17~20小题。 17．What is Belfast famous for? A．Making ropes. B．Building ships. C．Selling tea. 18．What will the visitors do this morning? A．Visit City Hall. B．Attend a concert. C．Go to a garden. 19．Where will the visitors go tomorrow morning? A．The Ulster Hall. B．The Palm House. C．The Ulster Museum. 20．How long will the tour last? A．One day. B．Two days. C．Three days. 【答案】17．B 18．A 19．C 20．B 【原文】 M: Good morning, everyone. Welcome to Belfast, one of the youngest capital cities in the world. In the 17th century, it was only a village. Then during the 19th century, the development of industries like rope- making, engineering, and tea trade doubled the town’s size every ten years. The city is well known for its shipbuilding. It was here that the “Titanic” was built. Here is your brief tour around Belfast. This morning you will visit City Hall. This afternoon, you will visit the zoo and this evening, you will go to a concert at Ulster Hall. Tomorrow morning, you will visit the Ulster Museum and see the gold treasure of the 16th- century Spanish warship. In the afternoon, you will go to the Botanic Gardens and you will walk among rare plants. And then you will visit the Palm House. You will have a free evening so you can go to some local pubs. You can enjoy some Irish folk music there. Next morning at 10, you will fly back to London. I hope you will enjoy the two- day tour. Thanks. 第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Best Maldives Island for Your Travel Style Every resort (度假地) in Maldives is its own private island but choosing the right one for you can be difficult. Want to kick off your Indian Ocean holiday in style? Our guide will help you know what to look for in the hunt for your ideal island.Waldorf Astoria Maldives Ithaafushi You’ll never go hungry at the Waldorf Astoria Maldives Ithaafushi, which has 11 restaurants, including ones specializing in garden-to-table cuisine. There are regular food-themed events, too — our favorites include Arabian Night and the Twilight Seafood Barbecue.Four Seasons Resort Maldives Considered one of the best spots in the Maldives for honeymoons, the Four Seasons Resort Maldives has a huge range of room categories and offers a brilliant selection of packages, including Island Romance packages that feature fantastic extras designed with couples in mind.Fairmont Maldives There are numerous reasons to visit the Fairmont Maldives, including the fact that it’s a great place to learn about sustainability, whether it’s at the Sustainability Lab, where guests can turn discarded plastic bottles into jewelry or during excursions with marine biologists from a charity created to protect sea turtles. Heritance Aarah Heritance Aarah recently opened its Live Maldivian Village Museum, which focuses on 4,000 years of Maldivian history. Guests can learn about the art of coral stone carving and find out why locals are known as some of the world’s best boat builders. To ensure you experience the Maldives’ best bits, schedule a holiday every month without fail. We’re joking, but you get the point: think what you want to see and do, and brush up on the different areas’ seasonal selling points. 21．Who are the target readers of the article? A．Sports lovers. B．Travel enthusiasts. C．Wilderness explorers. D．Travel agents. 22．What do you know about the four islands recommended? A．They are the first four most-visited sites. B．They have their own unique characteristics. C．They are just tailored for young couples. D．They feature absolute peace and tranquility. 23．Why does the author make suggestions in the last paragraph? A．To persuade you to journey to Maldives. B．To urge you to start a holiday early. C．To remind you not to miss selling points. D．To help you choose the ideal island. 【答案】21．B 22．B 23．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了在马尔代夫岛观光时可以去的四个岛屿。 21．推理判断题。根据第一段“Every resort (度假地) in Maldives is its own private island but choosing the right one for you can be difficult.(马尔代夫的每个度假胜地都是自己的私人岛屿，但选择一个适合你的可能很难)”和最后一句“Our guide will help you know what to look for in the hunt for your ideal island.(我们的导游将帮助您了解在寻找理想岛屿的过程中应该寻找什么)”可知，文章主要介绍了在马尔代夫岛观光时可以去的四个岛屿，其目标读者是旅游爱好者。故选B项。 22．细节理解题。根据Waldorf Astoria Maldives Ithaafushi部分中“You’ll never go hungry at the Waldorf Astoria Maldives Ithaafushi, which has 11 restaurants, including ones specializing in garden-to-table cuisine. There are regular food-themed events, too – our favorites include Arabian Night and the Twilight Seafood Barbecue.(在马尔代夫Waldorf Astoria酒店Ithaafushi，你永远不会挨饿，这里有11家餐厅，包括专门从事花园到餐桌美食的餐厅。这里也有定期的美食主题活动——我们最喜欢的包括阿拉伯之夜和暮光海鲜烧烤)”；Four Seasons Resort Maldives部分中“Considered one of the best spots in the Maldives for honeymoons, the Four Seasons Resort Maldives has a huge range of room categories and offers a brilliant selection of packages, including Island Romance packages that feature fantastic extras designed with couples in mind.(马尔代夫四季度假酒店被认为是马尔代夫蜜月旅行的最佳地点之一，它有大量的房间类别，并提供了一系列精彩的套餐选择，包括岛屿浪漫套餐，其中包括为情侣设计的梦幻般的额外服务)”；Fairmont Maldives部分中“There are numerous reasons to visit the Fairmont Maldives, including the fact that it’s a great place to learn about sustainability, whether it’s at the Sustainability Lab, where guests can turn discarded plastic bottles into jewelry or during excursions with marine biologists from a charity created to protect sea turtles.(参观马尔代夫费尔蒙酒店的原因有很多，其中包括它是一个了解可持续发展的好地方，无论是在可持续发展实验室，客人可以把废弃的塑料瓶变成珠宝，还是在与海洋生物学家一起远足，这些生物学家来自一个为保护海龟而创建的慈善机构)”以及Heritance Aarah部分中“Heritance Aarah recently opened its Live Maldivian Village Museum, which focuses on 4,000 years of Maldivian history.(阿拉遗产最近开设了马尔代夫乡村博物馆，重点介绍了马尔代夫4000年的历史)”可知，推荐的四个岛屿有自己独特的特点。故选B项。 23．推理判断题。根据最后一段“To ensure you experience the Maldives’ best bits, schedule a holiday every month without fail. We’re joking, but you get the point: think what you want to see and do, and brush up on the different areas’ seasonal selling points.(为了确保你体验马尔代夫最好的地方，每个月都要安排一次假期。我们是在开玩笑，但你明白我的意思：想想你想看什么、想做什么，并复习一下不同地区的季节性卖点)”可知，作者以开玩笑的方式建议读者每月安排一次去马尔代夫的假期，其目的还是希望帮助游客选择理想的岛屿以供其游玩。故选D项。 B From the sky, parts of Borneo look like the top of a giant broccoli (西兰花). As the world’s third largest island with tropical rain forest, it lies in Southeast Asia. I lived on Borneo and was fortunate to have many wild animals visit my backyard. During the first week in our home, I found a few eggs in a bed of dirt. I was told they were the eggs of a black spitting cobra (眼镜蛇) which was common here. Poison from its bite can kill a person in one to six hours. However, a cobra makes its living by eating small animals. It strikes at humans only in self-defense. We could live with our cobra by being careful not to surprise or scare it. As a family, my husband and I and our three children thought of ways to be on the lookout. We made up chants and rhymes that we recited aloud so that we were alert and aware whenever we set foot outdoors. One went: Cobra, cobra, are you there? Please don’t fall onto my hair. The other day, the snake was on a branch of an oil-palm tree, less than ten feet from where we were sipping tea. Everyone came out to see it, and chairs were arranged as if for a concert. Its skin was jet-black. It glistened in the sun and lay still. Only through the binoculars (望远镜) could we see her breathing. She seemed to enjoy all the attention. As we stared openmouthed at her grace, she missed a branch and fell splat to the ground. We burst out laughing as she recovered and wriggled up the tree. I joked with my husband it was funny the way the cobra was showing off so much that it got too sure of itself and fell. He replied snakes probably do not think like humans. Then I realized a snake would naturally stay near the oil-palm tree whose cores are a rich source of food for mice and squirrels. Small mammals are the cobra’s favorite meal. We shared the garden with the cobra for the rest of our stay and were sad indeed when we had to move and leave Borneo. 24．Why did we sing out “Cobra, cobra, are you there”? A．To scare away cobras. B．To draw cobras’ attention. C．To caution ourselves against dangers. D．To remind ourselves of small mammals. 25．What can be learned about the cobra? A．It is into humans. B．It thinks like humans. C．Its favorite food is eggs. D．It is dangerous when threatened. 26．Why did the cobra stay on an oil-palm tree? A．For food. B．For rest. C．For pleasure. D．For sunbathing. 27．What is the purpose of writing the passage? A．To show respect for mother nature. B．To call on people to protect snakes. C．To share an interesting life experience. D．To introduce a common cobra to readers. 【答案】24．C 25．D 26．A 27．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是与眼镜蛇和谐相处的故事，观察到了眼镜蛇的趣事，分享有意思的生活经历。 24．细节理解题。根据第三段“As a family, my husband and I and our three children thought of ways to be on the lookout. We made up chants and rhymes that we recited aloud so that we were alert and aware whenever we set foot outdoors. One went: Cobra, cobra, are you there? Please don’t fall onto my hair.(作为一个家庭，我和丈夫以及我们的三个孩子想出了各种各样的办法来提高警惕。我们编了一些圣歌和押韵，大声地背诵，这样每当我们踏上户外时，我们就能保持警觉和意识。一个是：眼镜蛇，眼镜蛇，你在吗？请不要掉到我的头发上)”可知，大声喊出“眼镜蛇，眼镜蛇，你在那里吗?”是为了警惕危险。故选C。 25．细节理解题。根据第二段“However, a cobra makes its living by eating small animals. It strikes at humans only in self-defense. We could live with our cobra by being careful not to surprise or scare it.(然而，眼镜蛇以吃小动物为生。它攻击人类只是为了自卫。我们可以和眼镜蛇一起生活，小心不要惊吓它)”可知，眼镜蛇受到威胁时是危险的。故选D。 26．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Then I realized a snake would naturally stay near the oil-palm tree whose cores are a rich source of food for mice and squirrels.(然后我意识到蛇自然会呆在油棕树附近，油棕树的核是老鼠和松鼠的丰富食物来源)”可知，眼镜蛇停留在油棕树上是为了食物。故选A。 27．推理判断题。根据第二段“During the first week in our home, I found a few eggs in a bed of dirt. I was told they were the eggs of a black spitting cobra (眼镜蛇) which was common here. Poison from its bite can kill a person in one to six hours. However, a cobra makes its living by eating small animals. It strikes at humans only in self-defense. We could live with our cobra by being careful not to surprise or scare it.(在我们家的第一个星期，我在泥土床上发现了一些鸡蛋。我被告知它们是一种黑色喷毒眼镜蛇的卵，这种眼镜蛇在这里很常见。它咬出的毒液可以在一到六个小时内杀死一个人。然而，眼镜蛇以吃小动物为生。它攻击人类只是为了自卫。我们可以和眼镜蛇一起生活，小心不要惊吓它)”和最后一段“We shared the garden with the cobra for the rest of our stay and were sad indeed when we had to move and leave Borneo.(在我们剩下的时间里，我们和眼镜蛇共享了花园，当我们不得不搬家离开婆罗洲时，确实感到很难过)”结合文章讲述的是与眼镜蛇和谐相处的故事，观察到了眼镜蛇的趣事，分享有意思的生活经历，可知，写这篇文章的目的是分享有趣的生活经历。故选C。 C Vitamin D was recognized a century ago as the cure for rickets, a childhood disease that causes weak bones. Then, in the early 2000s, a pile of studies suggested that low vitamin D levels could be a factor in cancer, cardiovascular (心血管) disease, Parkinson’s disease and so on. This simple vitamin seemed to be a cure for whatever troubled us. However, all these observational studies have a fundamental weakness: they can identify a co-occurrence between vitamin D and a disease, but they can’t prove there is a cause-and-effect relation. To look at whether taking vitamin D had curative effects, Manson and her team started the world’s largest and most far-reaching randomized vitamin D trial. The study followed nearly 26,000 healthy adults, randomized to receive either 2,000 international units (IU) of vitamin D or a placebo (安慰剂), for an average of 5.3 years. The volunteers were almost evenly split between men and women, and 20 percent of the participants were black. The results came as a shock. Not only did vitamin D not reduce rates of cancer or heart disease, but the trial also found that vitamin D did not prevent or improve cognitive function, or reduce the risk of bone fractures (骨折). The finding about fractures “was a real surprise to many people,” Manson says. In 2011, the Institute of Medicine established an expert committee to conduct a thorough analysis of all existing studies on vitamin D and health. The committee concluded that the bone-strengthening benefits of vitamin D remain steady when blood levels reach 12 to 16 nanograms per milliliter. They also found that there were no benefits to having levels above 20 ng/ml. According to measurements of vitamin D levels in the general U.S. population, most had levels of 20 ng/ml or more in 2011. Levels have actually risen since then, meaning that most people don’t need to take extra vitamin D． The ups and downs of vitamin D offer a lesson in humility. The relation between the vitamin and disease is far more complicated than it first seemed and a reminder that scientific understanding is always developing over time. 28．What is the problem with the early studies regarding vitamin D? A．No related cases were involved. B．They lack convincing evidence. C．No observation was conducted. D．They fail to account for anything. 29．Why were 20 percent of the participants black in Manson’s trial? A．To identify vitamin D-related disease. B．To help solve the problems they faced. C．To make their findings more reliable. D．To show their respect for the minority. 30．What do you know about the findings in paragraph 3 and 4? A．They proved vitamin D was the cure for disease. B．They revealed that vitamin D made no difference. C．They came as no surprise to Manson and her team. D．They updated people’s knowledge about vitamin D． 31．What should we realize from the ups and downs of vitamin D? A．Scientific understanding is dynamic. B．We should not believe the old theories. C．Research into vitamins is worthwhile. D．Some diseases are practically incurable. 【答案】28．B 29．C 30．D 31．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了不同时期对于维生素D对人体健康的研究最新的研究发现。 28．细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, all these observational studies have a fundamental weakness: they can identify a co-occurrence between vitamin D and a disease, but they can't prove there is a cause-and-effect relation.”（然而，所有这些观察性研究都有一个根本的弱点：它们可以确定维生素D和疾病之间的共同发生，但它们不能证明两者之间存在因果关系。）可知，先前的研究无法证明缺少维生素D会导致疾病的发生，缺乏有力的实验证据。故选B项。 29．推理判断题。根据第二段中“To look at whether taking vitamin D had curative effects, Manson and her team started the world's largest and most far-reaching randomized vitamin D trial.”（为了研究服用维生素D是否有疗效，曼森和她的团队开始了世界上规模最大、影响最深远的随机维生素D试验。）以及本段最后一句“The volunteers were almost evenly split between men and women, and 20 percent of the participants were black.”（志愿者中男女几乎各占一半，20%的参与者是黑人。）可推知，曼森的实验中有20%的黑人参与者是为了使实验数据更广泛，从而使得结果更可靠。故选C项。 30．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The results came as a shock. Not only did vitamin D not reduce rates of cancer or heart disease, but the trial also found that vitamin D did not prevent or improve cognitive function, or reduce the risk of bone fractures (骨折).”（结果令人震惊。维生素D不仅不能降低患癌症或心脏病的几率，而且试验还发现，维生素D不能预防或改善认知功能，也不能降低骨折的风险。）以及第四段中“ They also found that there were no benefits to having levels above 20 ng/ml. According to measurements of vitamin D levels in the general U.S. population, most had levels of 20 ng/ml or more in 2011. Levels have actually risen since then, meaning that most people don’t need to take extra vitamin D.”（该委员会得出结论，当血液中维生素D的含量达到每毫升12至16毫微克时，维生素D对骨骼的增强作用保持稳定。他们还发现，浓度超过20纳克/毫升没有任何好处。根据对美国普通人群维生素D水平的测量，2011年大多数人的维生素D水平为20纳克/毫升或更高。从那以后，维生素D的含量实际上有所上升，这意味着大多数人不需要额外服用维生素D。）可推知，第三、四段的发现更新了人们对维生素D的认识。故选D项。 31．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The ups and downs of vitamin D offer a lesson in humility. The relation between the vitamin and disease is far more complicated than it first seemed and a reminder that scientific understanding is always developing over time.”（维生素D的起起落落给我们上了一堂谦卑的课。维生素和疾病之间的关系比最初看起来要复杂得多，它提醒我们，科学认识总是随着时间的推移而发展的。）可知，从对于维生素D认识的起起落落这件事上，我们应该意识到科学理解是动态的，不断发展的。故选A项。 D Shadows are often associated with darkness and uncertainty. Now, researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) are giving shadows a positive spin by demonstrating a way to harness this common but often overlooked optical (光学的) effect to generate electricity. The team created a device called a shadow-effect energy generator (SEG), which makes use of the contrast in illumination (照明) between lit and shadowed areas to generate electricity. It’s made up of a series of thin strips of gold film on a silicon layer, which is then placed on a flexible plastic base. “In conventional optoelectronics (光电子学) where a steady source of light is used to power devices, shadows are undesirable, since they degrade the performance of devices. In this work, we took advantage of the illumination contrast caused by shadows as an indirect source of power. The contrast in illumination causes a voltage (电压) difference between the shadow and illuminated sections, resulting in an electric current. This novel concept of harvesting energy in the presence of shadows is unprecedented.” explained research team leader Professor Tan Swee Ching. Mobile electronic devices such as smart phones, smart glasses and e-watches require efficient and continuous power supply. As these devices are worn both indoors and outdoors, wearable power sources that could harness surrounding light can potentially improve the function of these devices. While commercially available solar cells can perform this role in an outdoor environment, their energy harvesting efficiency drops significantly under indoor conditions where shadows are persistent. This new approach to maximizing the efficiency of energy harvesting is both exciting and timely. “When the whole SEG is under illumination or in shadow, the amount of electricity generated is very low or none at all. When a part of the SEG is illuminated, a significant electrical output is detected. We also found that the best surface area for electricity generation is when half of the SEG is illuminated and the other half in shadow, as this gives enough area for charge generation and collection respectively.” said co- team leader Professor Andrew Wee. The NUS researchers are also looking at developing wearable SEGs attached to clothing to harvest energy during normal daily activities. Another promising area of research is the development of low- cost SEG for efficient harvesting of energy from indoor lighting. 32．Why are shadows considered undesirable in traditional optoelectronics? A．They serve no useful purpose. B．They weaken device performance. C．They are rare in outdoor conditions. D．They are difficult to control or predict. 33．What do we know about the SEG? A．It’s specially designed to work in open areas. B．It will replace existing solar cells once and for all. C．It’s most effective when fully positioned in light or in shadow. D．It requires a balance of light and shadow to maximize electricity generation. 34．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．The SEG is unlikely to work efficiently in dark places. B．The researchers are looking to reduce the cost of the SEG. C．The development of SEG is limited by its high production cost. D．The researchers are developing wearable SEGs attached to smart phones. 35．What does the text mainly talk about? A．An innovative use of shadows to generate electricity. B．The problems with shadows in conventional optoelectronics. C．The challenges of adapting technology for wearable devices. D．A need for efficient power supply in mobile electronic devices. 【答案】32．B 33．D 34．B 35．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新的可产生电的发明，该发明利用明亮和阴影区域之间的照明对比来发电，该设备被称为“阴影效应能量发生器”。 32．细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“In conventional optoelectronics where a steady source of light is used to power devices, shadows are undesirable, since they degrade the performance of devices.(在传统的光电子技术中，使用稳定的光源为设备供电，阴影是不可取的，因为它们会降低设备的性能。)”可知，阴影不可取的原因在于它们会降低设备的性能。故选B项。 33．推理判断题。根据文章第五段内容“We also found that the best surface area for electricity generation is when half of the SEG is illuminated and the other half in shadow, as this gives enough area for charge generation and collection respectively.(我们还发现，发电的最佳表面积是当SEG的一半被照亮而另一半处于阴影中时，因为这分别为电荷的产生和收集提供了足够的面积。)”可知，当SEG的一半被照亮而另一半处于阴影中时，即，光影面积平衡时，可实现最佳发电表面积。由此可推知，它需要光和影的平衡来最大限度地发电。故选D项。 34．推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“Another promising area of research is the development of low-cost SEG for efficient harvesting of energy from indoor lighting.(另一个有前景的研究领域是开发低成本的SEG，以有效地从室内照明中收集能量。)”可知，开发低成本的SEG是有前景的。由此可推知，研究人员在寻求降低SEG的成本。故选B项。 35．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Now, researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) are giving shadows a positive spin by demonstrating a way to harness this common but often overlooked optical (光学的) effect to generate electricity.(现在，新加坡国立大学的研究人员正在给阴影一个积极的转变，他们展示了一种利用这种常见但常被忽视的光学效应来发电的方法。)”和文章第二段内容“The team created a device called a shadow-effect energy generator (SEG), which makes use of the contrast in illumination between lit and shadowed areas to generate electricity.(该团队创建了一种称为阴影效应能量发生器（SEG）的设备，该设备利用明亮和阴影区域之间的照明对比来发电。)”可知，文章主要以“阴影效应能量发生器（SEG）”为话题，对其原理和应用进行了阐述。因此，选项A“An innovative use of shadows to generate electricity.(一种利用阴影发电的创新方法。)”可对文章内容进行概述。故选A项。 第二节(共5小题:每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In the dynamic world of fitness, where treadmills (跑步机) hum and weights clink, an emerging concern for sustainability is reshaping the gym experience. 36 ? In this guide, we’ll navigate through key aspects of eco- conscious fitness to help you figure out if your gym is on the sustainable track. ●Energy-efficient equipment A sustainable gym starts with the tools that push your workout. Modern fitness equipment is evolving beyond the pursuit of personal records. 37 . Energy- efficient machines, equipped with regenerative braking systems and smart technology, employ the power generated during workouts to balance electricity consumption. Look at the very tools that power your workout. Are the machines equipped with energy- efficient features? Do they employ the energy generated during workouts to contribute back to the gym’s power needs? ● 38 The infrastructure (基础设施) of a gym plays a crucial role in its sustainability journey. The use of eco- friendly materials, energy- efficient lighting and strategic design for natural air circulation are key elements of a green fitness space. Explore the infrastructure of your gym. Does the overall design facilitate natural air circulation and use sustainable construction practices? ●Waste management As you are sweating it out at the gym, what happens to the waste generated? Sustainable fitness spaces prioritise comprehensive waste management systems. 39 . Direct your attention to how your gym manages waste. Are there visible recycling programs for plastics, paper and other common gym materials? Does the gym use eco- friendly cleaning products, demonstrating a commitment to minimising its environmental impact? ● Renewable energy integration 40 , but sustainable fitness facilities find innovative ways to employ renewable energy. Solar panels and other renewable energy sources are integrated into the gym’s infrastructure to offset power consumption, reducing the facility’s carbon footprint and contributing to a greener energy landscape. Investigate whether your gym is tapping into renewable energy sources. Are there solar panels or wind turbines integrated into the infrastructure? A．This involves recycling programs for common gym materials B．Green building practices C．Adaptable fitness facilities D．But how do you know if your gym is truly sustainable E．The energy demands of a busy gym can be considerable F．It’s now contributing to the joint efforts for a greener planet G．Are there signs that your workout increases carbon footprint 【答案】36．D 37．F 38．B 39．A 40．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了辨别一个健身房是否环保、可持续发展的方法。 36．上文“In the dynamic world of fitness, where treadmills (跑步机) hum and weights clink, an emerging concern for sustainability is reshaping the gym experience.(在充满活力的健身世界里，跑步机嗡嗡作响，重物叮当作响，对可持续性的新关注正在重塑健身房体验)”说明人们在关注健身房是否是可持续发展的，以及下文“In this guide, we’ll navigate through key aspects of eco- conscious fitness to help you figure out if your gym is on the sustainable track.(在这则指南中，我们将浏览生态意识健身的关键方面，以帮助你了解你的健身房是否在可持续发展的轨道上)”说明这则指南将帮助你了解你的健身房是否是可持续发展的，D项“但你怎么知道你的健身房是否真正可持续”提出问题，承接上文，并引出下文的回答，符合题意。故选D。 37．上文“A sustainable gym starts with the tools that push your workout. Modern fitness equipment is evolving beyond the pursuit of personal records.(一个可持续的健身房从推动你锻炼的工具开始。现代健身器材正在超越对个人记录的追求)”可持续健身房会推动健身器材超越对个人记录的追求，F项“现在，它正在为建设一个更绿色的星球的共同努力做出贡献”承接上文，进一步说明其作用，符合题意。故选F。 38．下文“The infrastructure (基础设施) of a gym plays a crucial role in its sustainability journey. The use of eco- friendly materials, energy- efficient lighting and strategic design for natural air circulation are key elements of a green fitness space.(健身房的基础设施在其可持续发展之旅中起着至关重要的作用。使用环保材料、节能照明和自然空气循环的战略设计是绿色健身空间的关键要素)”说明健身房的基础设施在可持续发展中扮演重要角色。使用环保材料、节能照明和自然通风的巧妙设计是一个绿色健身空间的关键，B项“绿色建筑实践”引出下文内容，适合作为段落主题句。故选B。 39．上文“Sustainable fitness spaces prioritise comprehensive waste management systems.(可持续健身空间优先考虑全面的废物管理系统)”说明可持续发展的健身房会将细致的废弃物管理系统放在首位，A项“这涉及对常见健身房材料的回收计划”承接上文，进一步说明其具体的做法，与回收健身房材料相关，符合题意。故选A。 40．下文“but sustainable fitness facilities find innovative ways to employ renewable energy. Solar panels and other renewable energy sources are integrated into the gym’s infrastructure to offset power consumption, reducing the facility’s carbon footprint and contributing to a greener energy landscape.(但可持续的健身设施找到了利用可再生能源的创新方法。太阳能电池板和其他可再生能源被整合到健身房的基础设施中，以抵消电力消耗，减少设施的碳足迹，并有助于打造更绿色的能源景观)”说明可持续发展的健身房中健身设施可以减少设施的碳足迹，E项“繁忙健身房的能量需求可能相当大”介绍客观情况，与下文形成转折关系，引出下文介绍的可持续发展健身房的益处，符合题意。故选E。 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One morning, Huang Fulin, a local farmer, rode a motorcycle to the Lixinsha Bridge in Guangzhou. The bridge, is the main 41 connecting the Nansha Economic Development Zone with Sanmin Island. The visibility was 42 that day. However, when Huang was about 20 meters away from the bridge, he saw a thick fog, and it was very dark around. It 43 that a container ship hit the pier (桥墩) of the Bridge, causing it to 44 . Huang saw a 45 coming his way. At that very moment, he 46 flashed his lights and shouted loudly, “Stop! It’s dangerous.” The lorry driver, Wang Guoliang reversed his truck back and 47 it horizontally at the T-junction to the bridge. “My truck is about 15 meters long. By 48 the road with the truck at the T-junction, the only route to Sanmin Island, the 49 wouldn’t be able to get onto the bridge,” Wang said. Meanwhile, Huang 50   the accident to the on-duty officers, who quickly arrived at the scene and 51 traffic cones (路障) on the road. Before more police were 52 to the spot, Officer Tang, on the other side of the bridge, stopped vehicles about to cross the bridge. Meanwhile, Tang 53 a video of the damaged bridge on his WeChat Moments to 54 others about the dangerous situation. According to the official website, they will be awarded with the title of individuals who act bravely in a(n) 55 . 41．A．passage B．commute C．routine D．district 42．A．dusty B．delicate C．poor D．clear 43．A．fell down B．dropped in C．popped up D．turned out 44．A．explode B．crack C．destroy D．shake 45．A．pedestrian B．lifeboat C．truck D．policeman 46．A．effortlessly B．continuously C．suddenly D．casually 47．A．drove B．parked C．shaped D．turned 48．A．crossing B．loading C．blocking D．blanketing 49．A．vehicles B．ambulance C．passengers D．passers-by 50．A．uttered B．reported C．phoned D．investigated 51．A．posed B．covered C．made D．placed 52．A．assigned B．delivered C．followed D．forced 53．A．produced B．edited C．saved D．posted 54．A．attract B．terrify C．warn D．expose 55．A．incident B．operation C．friction D．emergency 【答案】 41．A 42．D 43．D 44．B 45．C 46．B 47．B 48．C 49．A 50．B 51．D 52．A 53．D 54．C 55．D 【导语】本文是新闻报道。这篇文章描述了一起桥梁事故及当地人的勇敢应对。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该桥是连接南沙经济开发区与三民岛的主要通道。A. passage 文章、通道；B. commute 通勤；C. routine 常规；D. district 区域。根据前文的“The bridge”可知，桥应该是连接两块区域的主要通道。故选A项。 42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天的能见度很好。A. dusty 布满灰尘的；B. delicate 精致的；C. poor 贫穷的；D. clear 清晰的。根据后文“However, when Huang was about 20 meters away from the bridge, he saw a thick fog, and it was very dark around.”可知，前后是转折关系，后文讲述有雾看不见，所以空处应是能见度很好。故选D项。 43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：原来是一艘集装箱船撞上了大桥的桥墩，导致桥墩开裂。A. fell down 摔倒；B. dropped in 顺便拜访；C. popped up 突然出现；D. turned out 结果是。根据后文“a container ship hit the pier (桥墩) of the Bridge”可知，此处是解释浓雾的原因，所以应是turned out符合语境。故选D项。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：原来是一艘集装箱船撞上了大桥的桥墩，导致桥墩开裂。A. explode 爆炸；B. crack 破裂；C. destroy 破坏；D. shake 摇动。根据前文“a container ship hit the pier (桥墩) of the Bridge”可知，一艘集装箱船撞上了大桥的桥墩，应是导致桥墩开裂。故选B项。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：黄看见一辆卡车朝他开过来。A. pedestrian 行人；B. lifeboat 救生艇；C. truck 卡车；D. policeman 警察。根据后文“The lorry driver, Wang Guoliang reversed his truck back”可知，是看到一辆卡车朝他开过来。故选C项。 46．考查副词词义辨析。句意：就在那一刻，他不停地闪灯，大声喊道：“停!有危险。”A. effortlessly 毫不费力地；B. continuously 持续地；C. suddenly 突然；D. casually 随意地。根据后文“Stop! It’s dangerous.”可知，他是在阻止卡车过来，所以应是不停地闪灯，提醒司机。故选B项。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡车司机王国梁把卡车倒过来，水平停在了通往大桥的丁字路口。A. drove 驾驶；B. parked 停车；C. shaped 塑造；D. turned 转弯。根据后文“By 　　8　　the road with the truck at the T-junction, the only route to Sanmin Island, the 　　9　　 wouldn’t be able to get onto the bridge”可知，是阻止其他车上桥，所以应是横着停在丁字路口。故选B项。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在通往三民岛的唯一道路——丁字路口，卡车堵住了道路，车辆就无法上桥了。A. crossing 横穿；B. loading 装载；C. blocking 阻塞；D. blanketing 覆盖。根据前文“Wang Guoliang reversed his truck back and 　　7　　 it horizontally at the T-junction to the bridge”可知，把卡车横着停在丁字路口，应是堵住了道路。故选C项。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在通往三民岛的唯一道路——丁字路口，卡车堵住了道路，车辆就无法上桥了。A. vehicles 车辆；B. ambulance 救护车；C. passengers 乘客；D. passers-by 路人。根据前文“By 　　8　　 the road with the truck at the T-junction, the only route to Sanmin Island”可知，堵住路口，应是阻止其他车辆上桥。故选A项。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，黄福林向当班警察报告了这起事故，警察迅速赶到现场，并在路上设置了路障。A. uttered 发出；B. reported 报道；C. phoned 打电话；D. investigated 调查。根据后文“who quickly arrived at the scene”可知，警察来了，所以应是黄福林向当班警察报告了这起事故。故选B项。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，黄福林向当班警察报告了这起事故，警察迅速赶到现场，并在路上设置了路障。A. posed 摆姿势；B. covered 覆盖；C. made 制造；D. placed 放置。根据后文“traffic cones (路障) on the road”结合选项可知，应是“放置了路障”符合语境。故选D项。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在更多的警察被派往现场之前，在桥另一边的唐警官拦下了即将过桥的车辆。A. assigned 指派；B. delivered 交付；C. followed 跟随；D. forced 强迫。根据前文“more police”以及后文“to the spot”根据选项可知，应是“更多的警察被派往现场”符合语境。故选A项。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，唐在朋友圈发布了一段受损桥梁的视频，以警告其他人注意危险情况。A. produced 生产；B. edited 编辑；C. saved 保存；D. posted 发布。根据后文“a video of the damaged bridge on his WeChat Moments”可知，在微信朋友圈应是发布视频。故选D项。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，唐在朋友圈发布了一段受损桥梁的视频，以警告其他人注意危险情况。A. attract 吸引；B. terrify 使害怕；C. warn 警告；D. expose 揭露。根据前文“a video of the damaged bridge on his WeChat Moments”可知，发布受损桥梁的视频，应是警告其他人注意危险情况。故选C项。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据官方网站，他们将被授予在紧急情况下表现勇敢的个人称号。A. incident 事件；B. operation 手术、操作；C. friction 摩擦；D. emergency 紧急情况。根据前文内容可知，本文主要讲述了一起桥梁事故及当地人的勇敢应对，所以应是在紧急情况下表现勇敢的个人称号。故选D项。 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Jili silk is a type of silk produced in Jili Village, Huzhou City Zhejiang Province. Jili Village has produced silk 56 the village was established in the late Yuan Dynasty. Jili silk is soft and fine with 57 even thickness and shiny white color. With these features, Jili silk is widely recognized in China and across the world. In the mid-Ming Dynasty this silk became well-known for 58 (be) one of the materials used to make the emperor’s robes. In the Qing Dynasty, the government used to purchase a large amount of Jili silk each year. In 1851, Shanghai merchant Xu Rongcun took Jili silk to the first World Expo held in London, 59 the fabric won two top awards. In 2011, Jili silk 60 (include) in the list of China’s national intangible cultural heritage items. The silkworm (蚕) 61 (raise) for Jili silk is called the Lianxin, literally meaning lotus seed. In Jili Village, wooden reeling tools were designed 62 (specific) for Jili silk. The silk making technique was traditionally passed down by female members of a family. In addition to being used for clothes, quality Jili silk can also be made into strings for Chinese guqin, or used as materials 63 (restore) ancient silk scrolls (卷轴). Today, through genetic screening technology, inheritors of Jili silk making can make silk with natural colors. The step of dyeing (染色) thus becomes 64 (necessary) in some cases. The efforts of combining the 65 (wise) of Jili silk making with modern technology are giving a new life to the ancient Chinese handicraft in the modern era. 【答案】 56．since 57．an 58．being 59．where 60．was included 61．raised 62．specifically 63．to restore 64．unnecessary 65．wisdom 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了产自浙江省湖州市辑里村的辑里丝绸。 56．考查时间状语从句和连词。句意：自元朝末年建村以来，辑里村就开始生产丝绸。结合句意，“the village was established in the late Yuan Dynasty”是时间状语从句，主句谓语has produced使用了现在完成时态，从句是主句动作的起点，用连词since引导该从句，意为“自从……以来”。故填since。 57．考查冠词。句意：辑里丝绸柔软细腻，厚度均匀，色泽洁白。可数名词thickness意为“厚度”，泛指，even发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 58．考查非谓语动词。句意：在明朝中期，这种丝绸作为制作皇帝长袍的材料之一而闻名。介词后用动名词作宾语。故填being。 59．考查定语从句。句意：1851年，上海商人徐荣存将辑里丝绸带到了在伦敦举行的第一届世博会，在那里这种面料赢得了两项最高奖项。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词London，在从句中作地点状语，表示“在伦敦”，应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 60．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：2011年，辑里丝绸被列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录。include(把……列为一部分)是句中谓语动词，与主语Jili silk 之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语In 2011，讲述过去的事情应使用一般过去时态，又因主语是专有名词，谓语动词应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，单数形式。故填was included。 61．考查非谓语动词。句意：为辑里丝而养的蚕被称为莲心，字面意思是莲子。“(raise) for Jili silk”作后置定语，raise(饲养)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语silkworm之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填raised。 62．考查副词。句意：在辑里村，专门为辑里丝设计了木制缫丝工具。修饰动词designed，用副词specifically作状语，意为“特意，专门地”。故填specifically。 63．考查非谓语动词。句意：除了用于服装，优质的辑里丝还可以制作中国古琴的琴弦，或用作修复古代丝绸卷轴的材料。“(restore) ancient silk scrolls”作后置定语，restore是非谓语动词，表示一种用途和目的，用不定式作后置定语。故填to restore。 64．考查形容词。句意：因此，在某些情况下，染色步骤就变得不必要了。根据上文可知，通过基因筛选技术，辑里丝绸的制作者能够制作出具有自然颜色的丝绸，因此在某些情况下，染色的步骤变得“不必要”。需要使用反义形容词unnecessary作表语，意为“不必要的”。故填unnecessary。 65．考查名词。句意：辑里制丝的智慧与现代技术相结合的努力，赋予了中国古代手工艺在现代的新生命。提示词作宾语，用名词wisdom，意为“智慧”，不可数名词。故填wisdom。 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66．假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华。为了迎接第二届“全国生态日(National Ecology Day)”的到来，你校将于2024年8月12日下午4:00-5:30 在学校礼堂开展一次环保知识竞赛。请你用英文写一则通知。内容包括： 1．竞赛主题、时间及地点； 2．报名方法； 3．鼓励大家踊跃报名。 注意：1．词数100左右； 2．开头和结尾已为你写好。 Notice Dear fellow students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students Union 【答案】 Notice Dear fellow students, In order to celebrate the second National Ecology Day and raise our awareness of environmental protection, the Students Union is going to hold a contest on how to protect our home planet at 4:00-5:30 pm on 12 August, 2024 in the hall. If you are interested, you can start to sign up at the Students Union office now. The contest includes two parts: quiz and debate. For more detailed information, please visit our website and read the related instructions. All students who are interested in challenging themselves and protecting our home planet are welcome to participate! The Students Union 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文：通知，要求考生以国际学校的学生会主席李华的身份写一则通知，告诉大家你校将于2024年8月12日下午4:00-5:30在学校礼堂开展一次环保知识竞赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 举办：hold→launch 竞赛：contest→competition 保护：protect→preserve 参加：participate→take part 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：For more detailed information, please visit our website and read the related instructions. 拓展句：If you want to get more detailed information, please visit our website and read the related instructions. 【点睛】[高分句型1] If you are interested, you can start to sign up at the Students Union office now. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句) [高分句型2] All students who are interested in challenging themselves and protecting our home planet are welcome to participate! (运用了who引导的定语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 67．阅读下列材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Hearing that one neighbor had just welcomed a new litter, Allen, a 9- year- old boy, rushed to see the newborn cats. However, during his visit, Allen noticed one of the cats wasn’t moving due to disability on its hind (后面的) legs. So while the other little cats were exploring their surroundings, this one stayed behind. Allen was significantly affected by the scene of this lonesome cat. He returned home and started to wonder whether he could do anything to help. When the boy told his mother about that, the mother recalled a video about pet wheelchairs. They finally found the video on YouTube, in which an animal lover, Addy, shared a heartwarming and innovative project: building a wheelchair for a pet cat with mobility issues due to a hind- leg injury. As a caring pet owner, Addy took viewers through the DIY process of making a custom wheelchair to aid her cat’s movement and improve its quality of life. She began by measuring the cat and based on the measurements, cut the plastic pipes to make a frame (支架). Then she connected the pipes and attached the wheels to the back end of the frame. Finally, she added a harness (保护带) to ensure it was fit and comfortable for the cat. Seeing the cat in the wheelchair moving around happily with the support, Allen thought that would be the best option for the little cat. But the wheelchair in the video seemed too big and too heavy for a newborn cat. Where could he find the suitable materials? His mother unearthed an old bag from the cupboard, whose belt was just fine for the the harness. As for the frame, they searched the storage room in their house and found an old umbrella, whose frame provided enough thin iron bars that were durable and light. But they were difficult for him to cut off. Allen thought his father could help. However, where could they find the small wheels? (320 words) 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右： 2. 请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。 Allen suddenly spotted a familiar item in the corner of the storage room. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Together, they built a tiny wheelchair for the little cat. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考答案： Allen suddenly spotted a familiar item in the corner of the storage room. That was his toy car. There were four small wheels on it! So pleased was Allen that he grasped it immediately. He carefully took off the wheels from the toy car which had accompanied him through his childhood. Now its wheels would aid him to give a helping hand to a poor cat. Allen got all the necessary materials for the wheelchair ready. Then he went to the neighbor’s to measure the cat and came back with the data. His father helped to cut the umbrella frame into several bars and assisted Allen in connecting the components. (97 words) Together, they built a tiny wheelchair for the little cat. The caring boy was excited and proud when he looked at the wheelchair. It was a joint effort. Holding the little wheelchair, Allen rushed to the neighbor’s. Witnessing the little cat placed in the small wheelchair, Allen was looking forward to the moment that it would move around by itself. As he had expected, the little cat rose to its feet with the support for the hind legs. It did move, though slowly! Seeing this, Allen couldn’t help clapping and jumping with joy. His kindness and creation did make a difference to the little creature. (95words) 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。九岁男孩艾伦得知邻居家新生了一窝小猫，但其中一只因后腿残疾无法移动。艾伦深受触动，决定帮助这只小猫。他们在网上看到一段宠物轮椅的视频，但视频中的轮椅对新生小猫来说太大太重。艾伦和母亲找到旧伞的骨架做支架，旧包的带子做保护带，但找不到合适的轮子。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“艾伦突然在储藏室的角落里发现了一件熟悉的东西。”可知，第一段可以描写轮子的来源和艾伦一家制作轮椅的过程。 ②由第二段句首内容“他们一起为小猫做了一个小轮椅。”可知，第二段可以描写艾伦把轮椅给小猫用后的效果和艾伦的心理活动。 2.续写线索：发现熟悉的东西—取下轮子—制作—做小轮椅—小猫被放在小轮椅—效果很好—高兴 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①抓住：grasp/catch ②取下车轮：take off the wheels/remove the wheels ③帮助：aid/help 情绪类 ①高兴的：pleased/happy/joyful/delighted ②兴奋的：excited/exalted 【点睛】【高分句型1】He carefully took off the wheels from the toy car which had accompanied him through his childhood. ( 运用了which引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】The caring boy was excited and proud when he looked at the wheelchair. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句) 试卷第2页，共22页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$