(学生版) 考教衔接：2024新课标I卷派生词汇与人教版选择性必修第二册

真题词汇 | 考教衔接：新课标I卷派生词与新人教版教材 标红词汇为课本词汇 选择性必修第二册 U1 Science and Scientists defend  vt. & vi. 保护；保卫 → defensive  adj. 戒备的，自卫的 【教材原句】 However, after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932, Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country. (Para.2; P7) 【真题活现】 If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. (阅读理解B篇) 【牛刀小试】 1. While discussing the controversial (有争议的) policy, the politician his position strongly, refusing to back down, and later explained his reasoning in a statement. 2. After being heavily criticized for his decision, the manager found himself his actions repeatedly, adopting a more attitude as the criticism grew stronger. 3. In the face of criticism, she became , attempting her actions rather than acknowledging any mistakes that might have been made. 4. The lawyer worked tirelessly his client, presenting a strong case that questioned the validity of the evidence brought against them. 5. The military base, which by a small contingent of soldiers, held out against the attack due to its strong position and strategic planning. abstract  adj. 抽象的 v. 抽象化 n. 摘要→ abstraction  n. 抽象；提取；抽象概念 【教材原句】 Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles, his world became one of abstract thought. (Para.1; P8) 【真题活现】 The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage—to ones that require mental abstraction—such as drawing inferences from a text. (阅读理解C篇) 【牛刀小试】 1. The philosopher’s(哲学家) ideas were often considered too for the general public, leading to widespread discussions about how such could be made more accessible. 2. His artwork is known for its style, which uses shapes and colors to convey emotions rather than realistic images. 3. While discussing the theory, the professor encouraged the students to move beyond mere and consider the practical applications of these concepts in real-world scenarios (场景). 4. In philosophy, is often used to create broad concepts that can be applied to various situations. 5. The process of in programming involves creating general frameworks that can be applied to a wide range of problems, making the code more yet highly adaptable. assist  v. 帮助，协助 → assistant  n. 助理，助手；adj. 副的 【教材原句】 As a graduate assistant at the California Institute of Technology during the 1930s, Qian helped conduct important research into rocket propulsion, did not let that discourage him from taking on the challenge. (Para.3; P7) 【真题活现】 “With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. (阅读理解D篇) 【牛刀小试】 1. the project team for several months, she was promoted to the role of senior due to her exceptional performance. 2. The manager requested that all employees by the IT when setting up their new software. 3. To ensure the event goes off without a hitch, several have been assigned with the setup and coordination of the activities. 4. The new was trained thoroughly before the manager in organizing the company’s annual conference. 5. The was praised for his ability t customers quickly and efficiently, ensuring a positive experience. U2 Bridging Cultures complex  adj. 复杂的，难懂的；（语法）复合的 → complexity  n. 复杂性，错综复杂 【教材原句】 Decide if the sentence is compound (look for and, but, or, etc.) or complex (look for who, when, where, etc.). (Understand long sentences; P14) 【真题活现】 The complexity of veterinarians’ work. (阅读理解B篇，No.26选项B) 【牛刀小试】 1. The project turned out to be than initially anticipated, requiring additional resources to manage its . 2. In software development, managing is crucial to ensure that the final product is both functional and user-friendly. 3. Understanding the of the situation, the professor explained the concept using a series of examples that illustrated each point clearly. 4. Having recognized various involved in the negotiation (谈判) process, the team approached the discussions with a more strategic plan. 5. The scientist explained how increases as more variables are introduced into the model, making predictions more challenging. U3 Food and Culture associate  v. 联想，联系 → association  n. 协会，社团，联盟 【教材原句】 And in America, people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day (Journal of the American Medical Association, 2014). (Para.1; P32) 【真题活现】 Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. (阅读理解B篇) 【牛刀小试】 1. Many people the smell of fresh flowers with springtime, highlighting the strong between scents and memories. 2. His long-standing with the organization has helped him build a strong network of professional contacts. 3. He with a group of experts who were researching the same topic, which led to a fruitful between their teams. 4. The brand with luxury for decades, building a reputation that sets it apart in the competitive market through strategic . 5. The organization works closely with a number of international to promote environmental sustainability. U5 First Aid member  n. 成员，一分子；会员 → membership  n. 会员身份，会籍；会员数 【教材原句】 Getting a gym membership near her office, Nancy decided that there were other ways of keeping fit. (Activity 2; P58) 【真题活现】 Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. (阅读理解B篇) 【牛刀小试】 1. To gain access to the exclusive content, you must first apply for and be accepted as a of the community. 2. The club has several who have been involved since its founding, making them some of the most experienced voices in the group. 3. The of various professional organizations can provide valuable networking opportunities and access to industry resources. 4. The company’s success is largely due to the loyalty of its , whose long-term have helped sustain the business through challenging times. 5. As of the local community, they decided to volunteer at the event, showing their commitment to supporting local initiatives. 【语篇实战】 NASA’s Perseverance rover (毅力号探测器) may have found signs of ancient life in a Martian rock, (1) further research is needed. The rover collected a sample from a reddish rock called Cheyava Falls (切亚瓦瀑布) on July 21. Analysis by the rover revealed the rock’s ‘fascinating traits (特征)’ and features, (2) (suggest) that Mars might have once been home (3) microscopic (微小的) life. Organic compounds were detected inside the rock. While these molecules (分子) are life’s building blocks, they can also form through non-biological processes. The Perseverance mission focuses on rocks altered by water long ago, which (4) (associate) the team with selecting Cheyava Falls for closer study. “We designed the route for Perseverance to ensure it goes to areas with interesting samples,” said Nicola Fox, an (5) (assist) at NASA. The rock features large white veins of calcium sulfate (硫酸钙矿脉), with reddish bands likely containing hematite (赤铁矿). Described by scientists on the team as one of the (6) (complex) samples, it shows signs of water. One theory is that Cheyava Falls was deposited (沉积) as mud and later hardened into rock. (7) second fluid flow might have created the white veins. Ken Farley, a researcher, noted the findings sparked discussions, with some team members preparing an (8) (abstract) of the data. Assisting the study, the Perseverance team used every tool available. These findings could support theories about Mars’ past, crucial for future exploration. Despite a (9) (defend) stance from some scientists, the team remains optimistic. Their (10) (member) in the scientific community has brought new insights into Mars’ history. 本练习改编自Newsweek标题为Mars Rock May Hold Ancient Alien Life Trace Says NASA After ‘Big Surprise’的文章（发布于2024.07.26） 原文链接：https://www.newsweek.com/mars-ancient-life-rock-1930676 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$