Unit 3 Pets 单元话题满分范文15篇-2024-2025学年九年级英语上册重难点讲练全攻略（牛津上海版）

Unit 3 Pets 单元话题满分范文15篇 一、书面表达 1．在英语课上，你们正在讨论“Is it good to keep pets at home?”这个话题，请你结合表中内容，选择其中一种观点，参与讨论。 Opinion 1: Yes Opinion 2: No bring lots of fun give company (陪伴) … create mess need care a lot … 注意：（1）必须从两个观点中选择其中一个观点； （2）必须包含表中相应观点的内容，并适当发挥； （3）词数：90-110。 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2．根据要求完成小作文，词数：约30词。 动物是人类最好的朋友。请介绍一个你喜欢的动物或者宠物，可以从它的外形、毛色、性情，饮食习惯和其他方面进行描述。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．在许多城市，饲养宠物是一种时尚，但不同的人对此有不同的看法。请你结合提示写一篇短文。 Advantage 1. 独生子女和老人不会感到孤独。 2. 宠物能够给人们带来快乐。 3.…… Disadvantage 1. 饲养宠物可能会有噪音。 2.…… 注意: 1. 词数80词左右； 2. 不能出现真实的个人信息。 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4．假如你是李华，新来的邻居养了一只狗，但遛狗时从不拴绳。狗经常随地大小便，偶尔还袭击路人。请你给邻居写一封信说一说遛狗不拴绳的危害并提出文明养狗的几条建议，如给狗拴绳、带上口套，注射狂犬病疫苗等。 要求： （1）语句通顺，意思连贯，可根据提示适当发挥； （2）词数：80〜100 （文章的开头已给出，不计入总词数）； （3）文中不得出现学校、姓名、地名等与考生本人相关的任何信息。 参考词汇：walk the dog遛狗；defecate indiscriminately随地大小便；attack passers-by袭击路人：muzzle the dog给狗带上口套；inject rabies vaccine注射狂犬病疫苗 Dear neighbour, Welcome to our community. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Your neighbour, Li Hua 5．假定你是李华，现居住在英国，你给宠物中心写封申请信，要求领养一只狗，内容包括：1.养狗原因； 2.养狗计划； 3.表达期待。 注意：1.词数80~100。开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；   2.短文须包括所给内容信息。可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir, I am writing to you to ask for keeping a pet dog. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 6．    现在，越来越多的人饲养宠物。假如你是李华，请写一封信并投稿给China Daily的专栏编辑Anne，谈谈你对于饲养宠物的观点和看法。 内容要点如下： 1.你有宠物吗？如果没有，你想养什么宠物； 2.举例说明饲养这种宠物的优点； 3.你认为人与宠物之间的关系是怎样的。 注意： 1.词数80-100，开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数； 2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear Anne, I read your articles about pets every week. They are very interesting and educational.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 7．最近你校英文报征稿，调查了解养宠物的好处和不足。请你写一篇短文，列举一些事实，并简要说一说你的感受。 要求：1. 参考提示，可适当发挥； 2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整； 3.文章不得出现任何真实信息（姓名、校名和地名等）； 4. 词数：不少于70词。（开头已给出，但不计入总询数）。 提示语： I often see pets around our community. One day/Every day/Sometimes _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8．动物是人类的好朋友，在实际生活中很多同学都有自己的小宠物，它们可能是你的宠物猫、宠物狗、宠物猪……请以My pet ________ and Me 写一篇文章讲述你和你的小宠物之间的故事，并告诉大家你为何喜欢它。 要求： 1. 先将题目补充完整，再作答，不少于60词； 2. 语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁； 3. 文中不得出现真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计； 4. 将文章写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9．假如你是李华，你的生日即将到来，你想向爸爸要一只小狗作为生日礼物，但爸爸担心你不能照顾好它或者它会影响你的学习。请根据以下提示，用英语给爸爸写一封信，谈谈你的想法。 提示： (1) Why would you like to have a dog? (2) What will you do if you can get a dog? 注意： (1)短文须包括提示中的两个要点，可适当发挥。 (2)文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名。 (3)词数70个左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。 Dear dad, I would like to have a dog as my birthday present. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 10．现在，越来越多的人养宠物，或者经常听朋友讲宠物。假设你是学生李辉，请根据以下提示，写一篇有关宠物的短文，要点如下： 1.描述一种宠物 2.养此宠物的优点 3.你对宠物的感情 注意： 1.词数80~100，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Now more and more people like to keep pets. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11．现在越来越多的人喜欢养宠物，然而每个人对于养宠物的看法不一。假设你是Esther，最近你们班展开了一次以“Should People Keep Pets?”为主题的班会，以下是你班里同学的观点，请你写一写并谈谈自己的观点。 赞成 宠物非常可爱，它们可以带给人们快乐； 宠物可以陪伴独居老人 (elderly people living alone)，使他们感到充 实而快乐 (full and happy)； …… 不赞成 花费大量时间精力 (time and energy)； …… 你的观点 …… 要求：包含要点信息，可适当发挥，70词左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Should People Keep Pets? Different people have different opinions on keeping pets.   _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12．英语课上，老师组织大家讨论在家该不该养宠物狗。请你从正反两个观点中选择一个，写一篇英语小短文。内容要点提示如下： A Good Idea Not a Good Idea 1. cute 2. bring happiness 3. learn responsibility (责任) 4.… 1. noisy 2. leave hair 3. spend much money 4.… 注意： 1.短文必须包含表中你所选观点的所有信息，可适当发挥; 2.文中不得出现与你身份相关的信息； 3.词数：80~100。短文开头仅供参考，不计入总词数。 短文开头：Keeping a pet dog is … Keeping a pet dog is __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13．如今，许多人，尤其是年轻人，越来越钟情于饲养宠物。对此你是如何看待的呢？请写一篇词数80-100左右的英语短文，内容包括： 1.为什么人们喜欢养猫狗等宠物？ 2. 饲养宠物有什么利弊？ 3. 你对饲养宠物的看法。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14．近几年关于宠物狗伤人事件的报道屡见不鲜，网络上出现了不同的声音，有人认为坚决不能在小区里养狗，但很多爱狗人士持反对意见。对此你有何看法？请根据要点以“Should we keep dogs in the neighborhood?”为题写一篇80词左右的英语短文，谈谈你的看法。文中不得出现真实校名和姓名。 要点： 1. 你的观点 2. 你的原因 3. 你的建议 4. …… Should we keep dogs in the neighborhood? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 15．假定你是李华，参加学校组织的英语辩论赛活动，请以“Dogs make the best pet”为论点写一篇发言稿。内容包括： 1.提出观点； 2.阐明原因； 3.你的结论。 注意：1.词数80—100。开头已为你写好, 不计入总词数； 2.短文须包括所给内容信息。可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Ladies and gentlemen, I am so happy to stand here to express my ideas to you. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 9 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．例文： I think it is good to keep pets at home. First, pets are usually very cute and can bring lots of fun to us. Second, pets can give us company when we feel lonely. It’s good to keep pets especially when there are old people at home. Thirdly, keeping pets is quite a good way for young parents to educate their children. If children keep pets, they will become more caring and responsible. Because they need to look after their pets as carefully as they can to keep them healthy. Of course, keeping pets can also bring some problems. But if we treat them in the right way, most of the problems can be avoided. 【详解】1.题干解读：题目要求根据表格提示任选一个观点谈谈自己认为在家养宠物好不好，若认为好，说明在家养宠物的好处，若认为不好，说明有何不好的地方。用自己的想法来支持所选观点。 2.写作指导：写作时要结合具体语境来选择合适的主语，时态用一般现在时。写作内容可分为两段式：第一段选择自己的观点并分条说明自己的理由；第二段收尾。要做到无单词拼写和语法错误。 2．例文 I have a cat, and its name is Mimi. Mimi is white and small. It is friendly. It eats little and likes running in my room. Sometimes, it plays with its toys like a ball. It drinks clean water and likes smelling things. It likes sleeping on the bed. 【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。要求根据提示内容，介绍一个动物或宠物，注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。 2.写作指导：写作时要以第三人称来介绍，时态用一般现在时。作文可分别介绍动物的外形、毛色、性情，饮食习惯和其他方面。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。 3．例文： In many cities, keeping pet is very popular. Different people have different opinions. Some people believe that pets can be human’s good friends and they can also bring great happiness to people. With the company of a pet, only children and old people won’t feel lonely at all. What’s more, it will be good for our health if we walk dogs everyday. Besides, the most important thing we can learn from keeping pets is to know how to care for lives. However, some people don’t think so. They think that pets will make much noise at home. It takes them much time and money to feed and play with them. But in my opinion, keeping a pet is very interesting. So why not have a cute dog as your pet? 【详解】1.题干解读：本文主要围绕“饲养宠物”展开讨论，介绍饲养宠物的好处和坏处，表格中给出的细节要点不要遗漏，也可适当增加细节，使文章更加流畅。 2.写作指导：本文以一般现在时和第三人称为主。第一段进行总述；第二段描述饲养宠物的好处；第三段描述饲养宠物的坏处；最后一段发表自己的观点。写作时运用不同的句式和连接词使文章层次清晰、逻辑清楚，无单词拼写和语法错误。 4．例文 Dear neighbour, Welcome to our community. I know you keep a dog as a pet. It is very cute. But I have something to tell you. The little dog often defecate indiscriminately. It is bad for our environment. You never walk the dog with a leash. It’s very dangerous, because your dog may attack passers-by. I have some advice for you. You had better muzzle the dog when walking it. A leash is a life rope, and sometimes it can save your dog’s life. You should always take a leash. Also, injecting rabies vaccine is necessary. I hope we can get on well with each other. Your neighbour, Li Hua 【详解】1. 题干解读：本文是一篇书信作文，要求针对邻居不文明的养狗行为提供自己的建议，并且叙述遛狗不牵绳的危害。注意要点齐全，理由合理。 2. 写作指导：本文主要以第三人称书写，时态是一般现在时。建议类可以多使用建议的句型或情态动词，上下文过渡，符合逻辑关系，单词拼写无误。 5．例文： Dear Sir, I am writing to you to ask for keeping a pet dog. Dogs are the best friends of human beings. They are smart and loyal to their masters. Since I am the only child in my family, I want to keep a dog as my companion. If I have a pet dog, I will take him out for a walk every day. I will help him have a bath every night and buy him the dog food he likes. I will also take him regularly for physical check-ups and vaccinations. I’m sure we’ll have a good time together. I’m looking forward to your approval. Yours, Li Hua 【详解】1. 题干解读：这是一篇书信作文，要求根据所给的要点提示写一封申请信，要求领养一只狗；注意要点齐全，可以适当发挥。 2. 写作指导：本文应该用第一人称，一般现在时和一般将来时为主来行文；可分为三段：第一段讲养狗的原因；第二段讲具体的养狗计划；第三段以期待得到同意结尾。在介绍内容时，力求语言准确，内容完整，保证行文连贯，条理清晰。 6．例文： Dear Anne, I read your articles about pets every week. They are very interesting and educational. I have no a pet now, but I want to keep a pet in the future. What pet? A dog! She should be small, white and look like a lovely girl. Her eyes should be bright and clean. Why am I going to keep a dog? Because dogs are friendly and faithful. They are just like friends or family. Also, they are so clever that they can help us with many things and make us happy. I think pets are our friends as all animals. We should respect and protect them.                                                                                                                                               Yours, Li Hua 【详解】1.题干解读：该题目是一封信，内容属于记叙文写作。写作时注意一定要紧紧围绕“宠物”这一主题展开叙述。内容要包括谈论自己养的或要养的宠物，饲养这种宠物的优点，人与宠物的关系，即题目要求的内容都要写到。内容要积极向上，条理要清晰。 2.写作指导：本文写作应该根据情境使用第一人称，第三人称。时态根据情境运用一般现在时和一般将来时。可以根据要求分三部分叙述。第一段开门见山，引出要写的宠物，可适当描述这只宠物；第二段根据要求展开，举例介绍饲养这种宠物的优点，要具体；第三段总结全文，表达感受，感情升华。 7．例文 I often see pets around our community. Every day I see people walk their dogs in our community. I think it is interesting. We can learn to take responsibility when raising pets for the elderly. Pets are very important. Pets can stay with them and make them no longer lonely. Sometimes pets can even save people’s lives. However, pets may be dirty and dangerous. They may bite people and make us hurt. Sometimes pets make us spend a lot of money when they are sick. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，要求根据提示内容进行写作，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍自己对于身边宠物的事实和感受； 第二步，介绍养宠物的好处； 第三步，介绍养宠物的弊端。 [亮点词汇] ①take responsibility承担责任 ②stay with同……住在一起 ③save people’s lives拯救人们的生命 [高分句型] ①We can learn to take responsibility when raising pets for the elderly.（when引导的时间状语从句） ②Sometimes pets make us spend a lot of money when they are sick.（when引导的时间状语从句） 8．例文                                                                                    My pet dogs and Me        My favorite animal is the dog. There are two dogs in my house. They are Qiangqiang and Zhuangzhuang. Qiangqiang is white, and Zhuangzhuang is black. They like to eat meat. They are very cute. I like them very much. When I come home from school, they will come to welcome me. Every day, I go out for a walk with them. They like going out. They bring me a lot of happiness. They are my good friends. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇话题作文，描写自己喜爱的动物； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：根据所给提示完成写作，介绍自己和宠物之间的故事及喜欢它的原因，适当添加细节，以第三人称为主。 [写作步骤] 第一步，补充完整题目，总体介绍自己喜欢的动物； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容，分点描述该动物的特点和喜欢的原因； 第三步，书写结语，表达对该动物的喜爱之情。 [亮点词汇] ①come home回家 ②go out for a walk散步 ③like doing sth.喜欢做某事 ④a lot of许多 [高分句型] ①When I come home from school, they will come to welcome me. (when引导的时间状语从句) ②There are two dogs in my house. (There be句型) 9．参考范文： Dear dad, I would like to have a dog as my birthday present. As we all know, animals are human’s good friends, especially dogs. They are friendly and loyal. They can also bring us lots of fun. If I can get a dog, I will treat it like my best friend. I will feed it every day. When I finish my homework, I will take it out for a walk. We can run in the park. It’s also good exercise for me. Don’t worry about my schoolwork, I can take care of both of them. I’m really looking forward to having a dog. Yours, Li Hua 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇书信作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，要求根据提示内容进行写作，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图； 第二步，具体介绍为什么想养狗以及会做什么； 第三步，书写结语。 [亮点词汇] ①As we all know 众所周知 ②take it out for a walk 带它出去散步 ③worry about 担心 ④look forward to 期待 [高分句型] ①When I finish my homework, I will take it out for a walk.（when引导的时间状语从句） ②If I can get a dog, I will treat it like my best friend.（if引导的条件状语从句） 10．    Now more and more people like to keep pets. My favorite pet is a dog. Dogs are loyal and friendly. They can make good partner.     Keeping a dog has many advantages. Dogs can protect our homes and help us feel safe. They also help us to stay active by going for walks.     I have a deep affection for dogs. My dog, Max, brings me joy and happiness every day. I enjoy playing with him and taking care of him. Pets can bring a lot of love and fun into our lives. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：题目要求以李辉的身份，根据提出的三个要点写一篇有关宠物的短文，为了使行文连贯，可适当增加细节。 [写作步骤] 第一步，描述一种宠物：选择一种宠物（在这个案例中是狗），并描述它的特点和外观； 第二步，养此宠物的优点：列出养这种宠物的好处，比如狗可以保护家园、提供陪伴等； 第三步，你对宠物的感情：分享你个人对宠物的感受，以及宠物给你的生活带来的积极影响。 [亮点词汇] ①have a deep affection for...对……有深厚的感情 ②take care of照顾 ③enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事 [高分句型] ①Keeping a dog has many advantages.(动名词作主语) ②They also help us to stay active by going for walks.(by引导的方式状语) 11．例文 Should People Keep Pets? Different people have different opinions on keeping pets. Some think it’s good to keep them. Because pets can make them happy. They can always be with elderly people living alone, make them living a full and happy life. But others think keeping pets need more time and energy. They don’t think it’s good. In my opinion, keeping pets is good. Because keeping pets can make people become more and more responsible, and people can learn how to look after others. Also, pets can help us do some useful things and bring us joy and happiness. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为一般现在时； ③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏提示中的要点，可适当添加细节，并突出写作要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，根据开头提示和表格的内容说明同学们的观点。 第二步，发表自己的观点。 [亮点词汇] ①In my opinion 在我看来 ②more and more responsible 越来越有责任感 ③look after 照顾 [高分句型] ①They don’t think it’s good.（宾语从句） ②Also, pets can help us do some useful things and bring us joy and happiness.（and连接并列成分） 12．例文 Keeping a pet dog is a good idea. I think dogs are our good friends. Keeping a pet dog can bring us lots of pleasure. First, pet dogs are cute. When we are alone, they can bring us some comfort. Second, they can play with us and bring us happiness. Third, keeping a pet dog teaches us how to care for others and helps us learn responsibility. What’s more, we can also learn some important skills while taking care of pets. So I strongly agree with keeping a pet dog. This is my opinion. Do you agree? If you don’t agree, what is your opinion? 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本题是一篇材料作文； ② 时态：本文用一般现在时； ③ 提示：阐述自己对于养宠物狗的观点，需要遵照所给要求，适当补充细节。 [写作步骤] 第一步，陈述自己对于养宠物狗的观点，为文章确定基调： 第二步，阐述自己的观点，要注意理由充分合理，价值观正确； 第三步，总结观点，得出结论。 [亮点词汇] ① lots of 很多 ② comfort 安慰 ③ care for 关心，关爱 [高分句型] ① When we are alone, they can bring us some comfort. （时间状语从句） ② Third, keeping a pet dog teaches us how to care for others and helps us learn responsibility.（疑问词+动词不定式） 13．例文： Recently, more and more people, especially the young, like to keep pets. The reason why they keep pets differs from each other. Some of them regard their pets as one of their family members. They say that pets can help them do some useful things and bring them joy and happiness. However, pets may also cause a lot of problems. For example, if there are more pets on the streets, it’s easy for people to get some diseases from them. Sometimes, some pets are dangerous to people. What’s more, keeping pets may cost people lots of time and money. I also like pets. Pets are our good friends. But I think people should keep them clean and don’t trouble others. What’s more, we should spend more time with our family instead of the pets. As long as we do like these, we can have a better life with our pets. 【详解】1.题干解读：该题目是一篇材料作文，主要写对于人们养宠物的看法。要求根据所给内容提示来写一篇今人们为什么喜欢养猫狗等宠物、其中的利弊及你的看法的文章，可适当发挥。 2.写作指导：本文应该用第一人称来叙述；时态采用一般现在时为主，用一般过去时描述过去。描述内容时，内容应描写细致；要根据材料所给内容叙述完整，保证条理清晰。 14．例文 Should we keep dogs in the neighborhood? I don’t think people should keep dogs in the neighborhood. The reasons are as follows. First, dogs are often too noisy. They make too much noise, which disturbs other people’s lives. Second, they are dangerous to people. Some people are not friendly and may even bite people. Third, they are dirty. Some dog owners don’t clean up after their dogs so the streets and parks are always full of dog waste. In short, keeping pet dogs is not a good idea. I think we should stop people from keeping pet dogs in the neighborhood. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为一般现在时； ③提示：根据提示内容介绍我们是否应该在小区里养宠物狗，适当增加细节。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍自己对于“小区里是否应该养宠物狗”这个话题的看法； 第二步，介绍自己有这个看法的原因； 第三步，介绍你的建议。 [亮点词汇] ①too much太多 ②be full of充满 [高分句型] ①I don’t think people should keep dogs in the neighborhood. (宾语从句) ②They make too much noise, which disturbs other people’s lives.  (定语从句) 15．例文： Ladies and gentlemen,     I am so happy to stand here to express my ideas to you. I think that dogs make the best pets. Firstly, dogs are lovely because it has a long and soft hair, and a gentle temper. Secondly, dogs are loyal. There are a lot of news about the story of the dog rescue. No matter how poor the owner is, his dog will never abandon them. Thirdly, dogs can do a lot of work for man. They play with us. They hunt with us. They keep door for us. For these reasons, I believe that dogs make the best pets. 【详解】1.题干解读：该题目属于应用文写作。要求学生以“狗是最好的宠物”为论点写一篇发言稿，注意短文需包括所有内容信息。 2.写作指导：本文应以一般现在时来陈述观点。此发言稿主要分为三部分，首先提出观点——狗是最好的宠物。第二部分阐述狗是最好的宠物的原因，如狗很可爱、很忠诚以及能够帮助到人类等，最后一部分再次强调结论。写作中可以使用表示顺序的副词来使论点更加清楚，行文连贯。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 9 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$