20.Unit 5 单元综合测试习题检测-上好课】2024-2025学年高二英语同步精品课堂(外研版2019选择性必修第一册)

Unit 5 单元综合测试习题检测 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分 7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Brother and sister. B．Father and daughter. C．Uncle and niece. 2．Why doesn’t Jane eat her chocolate cake? A．She has no tooth. B．She doesn’t like chocolate. C．She is worried about her tooth. 3．What did the woman do just now? A．She asked for leave. B．She took a lesson. C．She attended a meeting. 【4．What matters to the woman about the shoes? A．The brand. B．The quality. C．The price. 5．What would the man like to do? A．Return a ticket to the woman. B．Cancel his reservation. C．Buy a plane ticket. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What did the man probably do? A．A shop assistant. B．A tour guide. C．A waiter. 7．Why does the man apply for the job? A．To work with his friend. B．To support his family. C．To acquire some skills. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What are the speakers doing? A．Having a party. B．Travelling to France. C．Watching a movie. 9．Who is the woman speaking to? A．Her brother. B．Her friend. C．Her father. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．How did the man feel in the HR department? A．He felt sad. B．He felt worried. C．He felt much better. 11．How long did the man stay in Paris? A．Four years. B．Two years. C．Three weeks. 12．Why did the man want to join Branson Labs? A．Keep his promise. B．See his father. C．Interview the woman. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．What is wrong with the leaflets? A．It failed to convey contact information. B．It contained many spelling mistakes. C．It was not beautifully designed. 14．What does the woman sell? A．Furniture. B．Dogs. C．Cats. 15．Where does the conversation take place? A．In the man’s studio. B．At the woman’s home. C．In the woman’s store. 16．What do we know about the man? A．He is an animal lover. B．He is careless. C．He is a creative designer. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．Where did the tour start? A．From Germany. B．From Amsterdam. C．From Switzerland. 18．What special attraction does the speaker recommend? A．The art museums. B．The Eiffel Tower. C．The Montpamasse Tower. 19．Why does the speaker like Line 63? A．It offers good views. B．It covers more territory. C．It’s the cheapest travel means. 20．What does the speaker say about the subway in Paris? A．It offers fairly cheap coffee. B．It charges quite affordable price. C．It makes people get lost easily. 第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Add an additional rebate (退还款) from Colorado’s largest power provider, a resident buying a new plug-in car could soon save a head-spinning $26, 500. That’s no mistake. Colorado’s current $5,000 tax credit (免税额度) is already the most generous state-level incentive (激励)available to all residents. With additional programs set to go live in the next few months, the state is now determined to test the full power of EV (Electric Vehicle) discounts — a pillar of the statewide plan to reduce carbon emissions. Gov. Jared Polis is betting the strategy can help reach a goal of putting nearly a million plug-in vehicles on the road by 2030. Here’s CPR’s guide to all of Colorado’s current and upcoming electric vehicle discounts: Colorado’s supercharged EV discounts Colorado residents can soon qualify for up to $26,500 in discounts for new electric vehicles. Here’s the math: Credit name New EV discount Used EV discount Date available Price restrictions Income restrictions U. S. EV tax credit $7,500 $4,000 Oct., 2023 <$80, 000 on trucks, vans, and SUVs <$55,000 on all other vehicles <$300,000 married couples <$225,000 head of household <$150,000 individual CO EV tax credit $5,000 N/A Oct., 2023 <$80,000 on all vehicles N/A CO low- cost EV tax credit $2,500 N/A May, 2024 < $35,000 on all vehicles N/A CO vehicle exchange program $6,000 $4,000 Feb., 2024 <$50,000 on all vehicles < 80 percent media n income OR enrolled in assistance programs Xcel Energy rebates $5,500 $3,000 Nov., 2023 <$80,000 on trucks, vans, and SUVs <$50,000 on all vehicles <80 percent media n income OR enrolled in assistance programs Total rebates $26,500 $11,000 21．What is the main purpose of Colorado’s new incentive? A．To encourage car sales. B．To reduce carbon emission. C．To raise residents’ income. D．To improve the state economy. 22．Which of the following will not be taken into account by CO EV tax credit? A．Income restrictions. B．Price restrictions. C．Date available. D．New or used vehicles. 23．Which of the following will be available the latest? A．CO vehicle exchange program. B．Xcel Energy rebates. C．CO low-cost EV tax credit. D．U. S. EV tax credit. B Honey is a simple pleasure. It’s easy to forget, while enjoying its luxurious sweetness on a slice of buttered toast, that it is the end-product of a complicated production line involving advanced biological machinery and thousands of skilled workers. Honey starts out as nectar (花蜜), a solution of various sugars that flowering plants produce to attract insects like butterflies and all kinds of bees. Most of these visitors drink it down on the spot as nutrition for themselves. A food-hunting worker bee, though, does things differently. The bee stores the nectar in its honey stomach rather than digesting it. The stomach can hold a lot of nectar, up to almost half the bee’s unloaded body mass, and filling it may require a thousand flower visits. The transformation of nectar into honey begins while the bee is still on the wing, as the honey stomach produces enzymes (酶) that break down the larger, complex sugar molecule (分子) into smaller ones. On arrival back at the hive, where bees live and work, the bee unloads the nectar by giving the sugary solution to other workers, who pass it back and forth between each other, adding more enzymes each time. Once it is sufficiently sticky, the mixture is laid down in the beeswax cells of the honeycomb and the workers continue the drying process by fanning it with their wings. Only when the water content has been reduced to about 18 percent (from about 75 percent in the original nectar) do they seal the cells with beeswax lids. At this point, it is well and truly honey. An average hive produces about 11 kg of honey in a season, which requires the bees to fly over 1.5 million kilometers between them. A standard jar of honey requires about 80,000 km. The effort that has gone into making honey is worth remembering when spreading it onto toast — it can surely only add to the pleasure. 24．Why does the worker bee store the nectar in its stomach? A．To digest better. B．To absorb its nutrition. C．To keep it for its future food. D．To share it with other bees. 25．What can be inferred from paragraph 3? A．The cells are sealed by sticky solution. B．Producing honey requires teamwork. C．The drying work is done by female bees. D．It’s critical to maintain water percentage. 26．How is the last paragraph developed? A．By listing figures. B．By giving definitions. C．By making comparisons. D．By providing examples. 27．Which may be a suitable title for the text? A．Skilled Workers B．A Simple Pleasure C．Advanced and Intelligent Creatures D．Luxurious Sweetness from Delicate Work C Plants can often tell when they’ re in danger — by smell. But not all leaves sniff out threats equally well. In corn plants, baby leaves do this best, new data show. “They recognize that danger is around the corner,” says Lei Wang. He’s a plant biologist at the University of Bern in Switzerland. He and his colleagues shared the new findings in Current Biology. Many plants are known to beef up their chemical defenses when they’ re about to get bitten by insects. One way plants sense such threats is through smell. They can detect smell molecules floating through the air. Those molecules may spread from an insect’s saliva (唾液). Or they may come from neighboring plants that have already been attacked and are on death’s door. Originally, Wang and his team set out to identify airborne chemicals that plants receive as warning scents. But when they started their study, they found that the adult corn leaves they tested did not produce many anti- predator chemicals in response to the smells. So the researchers turned to baby leaves. These are much more fragile than the adult leaves that scientists usually study. In the lab, the team exposed young and adult corn leaves to a common danger-signaling scent. This green-leaf compound is similar to the smell of freshly cut grass. A corn plant might encounter this scent if a nearby plant was in danger. The researchers measured how much danger signal each leaf released in response to the warning smell. New leaves were more sensitive than adult leaves. Even though the adult leaves were worse at “smelling”, however, they did release small amounts of defense chemicals. Other research shows that these leaves can process danger signals other than scent (such as insects munching on them). They can respond to these attacks, too, by issuing chemicals aimed at tackling the threat. Wang hopes his research may lead to the breeding of smarter crops — ones more resistant to insects. In the long run, that should reduce a need for harmful pesticides. 28．What do the underlined words “beef up” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Dismiss. B．Balance. C．Strengthen. D．Overcome. 29．What can be learned from the text? A．Plants defend themselves in various ways. B．Plants sense danger from insect saliva. C．Freshly cut grass was used in the research. D．Adult corn leaves can’t produce defense chemicals. 30．What does Wang hope to achieve with his research? A．To reduce the use of poisonous pesticides. B．To improve the taste of crops. C．To cultivate more profitable plants. D．To create safer pesticides. 31．What is the best title for the text? A．Scientists Developing Smarter Crops B．New Study Revealing the Secret of Plants C．Plants Recognizing Danger in Different Ways D．Young Corn Leaves Smelling Danger Better D A genius refers to the individual who has special intellectual abilities or talents in a specific field. These extraordinary individuals have the ability to think differently and come up with new ideas or solutions misunderstood by others. They have the power to make changes happen and leave a lasting impact on society. The concept of genius has interested people throughout history. Many famous geniuses like Albert Einstein, Leonardo da Vinci, and Isaac Newton have made definitely new discoveries in their own fields, reforming people’s understanding of the world. However, genius is not only limited to scientific or artistic fields; it can be found in a wide range of fields such as sports, leadership, and management. What sets geniuses apart from others is their special ability to think critically. They are not bound by traditional thinking and are not afraid to challenge the rules. Instead, they are good at building connection among different knowledge that ordinary people may miss. This enables them to come up with new ideas and solutions and have the potential to change the world. However, being a genius is not just about having high IQ or inborn talent. It requires hard work, devotion, and patience. Many geniuses have spent years sharpening their skills and mastering their skills. They have come across countless failures but have never given up. Their long-lasting pursuit of knowledge and their willingness to experiment and take risks have contributed to their success. Remember, geniuses are not limited to a selected few. Each one of us has the potential to unlock our inner genius and make a difference in the world. It is through curiosity, hard work, and a willingness to think differently that we can tap into our own bright future. 32．What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A．Geniuses are able to make new changes. B．Only scientists and artists can be geniuses. C．Geniuses are often misunderstood by others. D．Geniuses should have talents in different fields. 33．According to the passage, what are the key points to be a genius? A．New ideas and solutions. B．High IQ and inborn talent. C．The special intellectual abilities. D．Critical thinking ability and efforts. 34．What does the underlined word This in Para. 3 refer to? A．Traditional thinking. B．The willingness to challenge rules. C．The ability to connect various knowledge. D．The knowledge missed by ordinary people. 35．What is the best title of the passage? A．Talent makes a genius. B．Genius can be you and me. C．Genius comes from experience. D．Talents work while geniuses create. 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 36 Maybe it’s a walk in a forest, having a small garden or a few household plants. One study showed that patients at a hospital who had plants in their rooms reported less pain, lower blood pressure, less tiredness and less anxiety than patients without plants. Studies have also shown that plants and gardening increase productivity and levels of serotonin, the neurotransmitter responsible for uplifting mood. “Rather than staying on the past or worrying about the future, plant care provides a feeling of current accomplishment. 37 ” says Gayle Weill, a therapist in Connecticut. Like any new skill or hobby, taking care of houseplants comes with a learning curve. Anyone starting to care for plants should be patient and allow themselves time to learn the basics. 38 Before you bring home a load of botanicals, it’s not about how many plants you have, but rather how you interact with them. For instance, are the plants in areas where you spend a lot of time? Do you care for them daily? If you have a small space or aren’t sure how much time you will, starting with a lot of plants could be overwhelming. 39 It can engage you by its smell or color that creates a positive mood response. Remember that while indoor gardening can help with stress and relaxation, it’s not a cure-all. 40 But caring for plants can be a useful and enjoyable part of an overall wellness routine. A．Just one plant can make a difference. B．It helps one focus on the present moment. C．He needs to leave room for a little trial and error. D．Research has revealed exposure to greenery have many benefits. E．More and more young people are getting interested in gardening. F．Having a plant doesn’t immediately impact mental health processes. G．You need a lot of houseplants to see the improvement in your health. 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 You don’t have to be alone to feel lonely— anyone who has experienced a fallout with friends or has to endure an awkward social gathering will 41 . A recent Wall Street Journal column teaches us how to 42 loneliness. “Loneliness is not just about whether there are others around you. It’s about whether the ones around you are those you can 43 ,” says John T. Cacioppo, director of the Center for Cognitive and Social Neuroscience at the University of Chicago. Cacioppo explains that men and women are equally as likely to experience loneliness, but the kinds of social interaction they may be 44 are different. Women generally 45 for face-to-face social interactions, whereas men are looking for a sense of connection and 46 within a group. Quoting therapists, The Wall Street Journal column points out that loneliness in its most unhealthy form is a distorted way of thinking. It often has an emotional 47 . Big changes in life, such as a breakup or a move to another city or country can be the cause of loneliness. But 48 things such as attending a wedding alone or quarreling with a sibling or a friend can also make us feel lonely. The column also gives advice on how to stop being alone from 49 into feeling lonely. You can start by 50 that you are the one who tells yourself that you feel lonely. You are creating the bad experience of loneliness by how you are thinking and behaving. You should acknowledge 51 thoughts and then try to think differently. How to achieve this? Change the mental story you 52 yourself. Remember that there are people who care about you, 53 they may just be busy at the moment. Try to enjoy the moments you have 54 . Do things you enjoy doing alone, like reading or listening to music. If you are single and live by yourself, you can 55 a gym or a volunteering group to be around other people. 41．A．agree B．bother C．protest D．perceive 42．A．put up with B．turn to C．call on D．fight back 43．A．tolerate B．trust C．predict D．inspire 44．A．excluding B．applying C．missing D．attaching 45．A．account B．make C．long D．constitute 46．A．belonging B．relaxation C．vision D．dominant 47．A．gesture B．response C．touch D．trigger 48．A．small B．vital C．ultimate D．panicky 49．A．sealing B．sliding C．surfing D．stuffing 50．A．anticipating B．recognizing C．informing D．identifying 51．A．positive B．passive C．active D．negative 52．A．read B．find C．tell D．learn 53．A．when B．but C．so D．or 54．A．by yourself B．to yourself C．on yourself D．of yourself 55．A．register B．join C．serve D．admit 有可以信任的人，孤独取决于周围是否有能信任的人。故选B项。 第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The documentary, The Journey of Chinese Plants, released by the International Horticultural Exhibition (世界园艺博览会), has 10 episodes running for 50 minutes each, 56 (cover) tea plants, rice, soybeans, bamboo, flowers and gardens. The series discusses how plants have affected the world and have brought people back 57 nature. The audiences can better understand the values of ecological 58 (aware) and human-nature coexistence. The production team spent nearly three years completing the series, 59 involved more than 200 people. Li Chengcai, chief director of the documentary, said 133 photographers visited 93 regions in 27 provinces and autonomous regions (自治区) in China, as well as seven 60 (country) including the United Kingdom, New Zealand, India and Japan. He said the documentary captured the large primitive forests in the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon for 61 first time and investigated the origin of Chinese tea plants near the region. Flowers 62 (plant) at the highest mountain elevation (海拔) in China were also recorded 63 (successful). “To make plants the main shooting subject was a challenge for me,” Li said. “But it was also an opportunity to make me review and rethink the meaning of 64 (live) things.” “I have more respect for nature and creatures through the process of using cameras 65 (record) the stories of the plants and through building up life archives (档案) for the plants via images,” he added. 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66．某中学生英文报近期开展了“保护古树名木共享绿水青山”的主题征文活动，以鼓励人们积极参与对古树的保护。请你以“Why We Need to Protect Century-old Trees”为题写一篇英语短文，向该英文报投稿。要求包括以下要点： 1．古树保护的意义；2．古树保护面临的问题；3．你的建议。 注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When John pulled into his mother’s driveway with his young daughter, Lily, the sight of the familiar lychee (荔枝) tree welcomed them. “Look, Lily,” John said, pointing to the towering tree in the front yard. “It’s the family tree.” Lily smiled as John treated the tree as if it were a real family member, patting its trunk (树干) affectionately. As they were admiring the tree, the screen door opened and out stepped Grandma Mei, bathed in the warm Florida sunlight. Grandma Mei, who came from the province of Guangdong in China, was known for her green thumb, particularly when it came to lychees. Seeing her granddaughter, Grandma Mei adjusted her baseball cap and asked if Lily was ready for some lychees. But Lily hesitated, for the fruit’s appearance was unlike any other fruit she had tried before. With a laugh, Grandma Mei gave her a gentle hug. “More lychees for me then, John,” Grandma Mei said. “Let’s get busy!” John said with enthusiasm, rubbing his hands together. “Family tree’s waiting.” Hearing Dad calling the tree by name, Lily couldn’t help laughing. “Laugh if you want, Lily, but this tree is really family. On cold nights, before family tree was fully grown, Grandma Mei used to take my blanket and throw it over that tree.” Grandma Mei nodded, adding that she had to protect the tree from bad weather so that it would become a big strong tree and grow fruit for the whole family. John, eager to start the day’s work, began climbing the tree, determined to harvest the best lychees for the family. Lily watched in amazement, noticing the clusters (簇) of lychees, their skin rough yet inviting. As John skillfully cut through the branches with a cutter, Lily expressed her concern for the well-being of the tree. John explained to her that cutting the ends of branches won’t hurt family tree. Instead such behaviour made it healthier and stronger. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Lily’s hesitation towards the fruit gradually shifted to curiosity and she wanted to try it. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Later in the afternoon, they all sat under the tree, surrounded by boxes filled with lychees and sharing stories related to lychees. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null Unit 5 单元综合测试习题检测 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分 7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Brother and sister. B．Father and daughter. C．Uncle and niece. 【答案】C 【原文】M: Did your father ever show you pictures of me and him? W: Yes. And you look very close to each other in all the pictures. M: Of course. He’s my older brother and I used to follow him everywhere. 2．Why doesn’t Jane eat her chocolate cake? A．She has no tooth. B．She doesn’t like chocolate. C．She is worried about her tooth. 【答案】C 【原文】M: Why don’t you eat your chocolate cake, Jane? Don’t you like chocolate? W: Yes, I do. But I am having trouble with my bad tooth. 3．What did the woman do just now? A．She asked for leave. B．She took a lesson. C．She attended a meeting. 【答案】C 【原文】W: That meeting was so boring. M: Yeah, I saw you yawn just now. W: The presenter needs to take some public speaking lessons. I heard he is organising another meeting next week. Maybe I will ask for leave then. 4．What matters to the woman about the shoes? A．The brand. B．The quality. C．The price. 【答案】B 【原文】M: This pair of shoes is not expensive and this brand is popular. W: These are not important. I just care if the shoes are of good quality. 5．What would the man like to do? A．Return a ticket to the woman. B．Cancel his reservation. C．Buy a plane ticket. 【答案】C 【原文】W: Freedom Travel Service. May I help you? M: Yes! I’d like to make a reservation for a return ticket. I want to leave tomorrow. W: OK. Where are you going? M: I’m flying to London. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What did the man probably do? A．A shop assistant. B．A tour guide. C．A waiter. 7．Why does the man apply for the job? A．To work with his friend. B．To support his family. C．To acquire some skills. 【答案】6．A 7．C 【原文】W: Hello, Mike Jones. I’ve looked through your resume. You used to work in a bookstore. Right? M: That’s right, Miss Robbins. W: Okay, can you tell me why you apply for the position of waiter? M: I want to gain valuable skills from this job such as the ability to communicate with people. My family also supports my decision, so I’m here. W: Okay? Do you have any hobbies? M: Yes, I like travelling, from which I can make some friends. W: I see. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What are the speakers doing? A．Having a party. B．Travelling to France. C．Watching a movie. 9．Who is the woman speaking to? A．Her brother. B．Her friend. C．Her father. 【答案】8．C 9．A 【原文】W: Bill, please. You’re annoying the people behind us! M: I can’t help it! These actors are so funny! I haven’t laughed this hard for a long time. W: During the second half, you’ll need to be a lot quieter. M: OK. OK. Hey, what’s wrong? Were you crying? W: I didn’t find that scene funny. It reminded me of a fight I had with my friend Sarah on a trip to France. I haven’t spoken to Sarah since then. It was a lot like what we just saw, when the characters were at that dinner party. M: The disagreement we saw on stage was full of humor and affection. I can see you really care about Sarah. You should give her a call. You’re as stubborn as Dad! W: I really miss Sarah! M: After the play, why don’t you call her? 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．How did the man feel in the HR department? A．He felt sad. B．He felt worried. C．He felt much better. 11．How long did the man stay in Paris? A．Four years. B．Two years. C．Three weeks. 12．Why did the man want to join Branson Labs? A．Keep his promise. B．See his father. C．Interview the woman. 【答案】10．C 11．B 12．A 【原文】W: Thanks for coming to the studio today, Mr. Larson. Why don’t you tell me about your last position? M: Well, I started working at Smith Electronics in Chicago right after I graduated from college. I was in the sales department, and even though I was good at it, I wasn’t really happy. After one year, I was moved to the HR department. W: Was that a better fit? M: Yes. I prefer talking to people face-to-face, and I enjoy solving problems. I did quite well in that position. W: So, why did you leave? M: I had been working at Smith for four years straight. Then I wanted to take some time off, so I went to Paris. My three-week vacation turned into a two-year stay! W: Wow! What made you come back to the United States? And why is it a good time for you to join Branson Labs? M: When my father started Branson Labs here in Los Angeles forty years ago, he wanted to pass it down to me. At my graduation dinner, I promised him that I would take over when the time was right. I’m finally ready to make good on that promise. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．What is wrong with the leaflets? A．It failed to convey contact information. B．It contained many spelling mistakes. C．It was not beautifully designed. 14．What does the woman sell? A．Furniture. B．Dogs. C．Cats. 15．Where does the conversation take place? A．In the man’s studio. B．At the woman’s home. C．In the woman’s store. 16．What do we know about the man? A．He is an animal lover. B．He is careless. C．He is a creative designer. 【答案】13．A 14．A 15．C 16．B 【原文】W: Sorry, James. I am afraid I have to stop the cooperation with you. M: Why? What’s wrong? My advertising leaflets are beautifully designed, aren’t they? W: Yes, they are. But that’s not the purpose of the leaflets. M: What do you mean? I think they are quite successful. W: Well, they would have been if you had remembered to put the phone number down. M: Let me see. Oh, it’s OK. They could come here following the address. W: Then, do you see any customers in the store right now? You forgot to put down the address, too. M: I am sorry. I will have them re-designed and re-printed in two days. W: Thanks James. But that is not necessary. M: Rachel, please give me a second chance. W: It’s not just this time. Last time your leaflets convinced the customers that we were selling dogs and cats instead of furniture. M: Alright. That’s my bad. But… W: I have already hired another designer. I think it’s better if we just stay friends. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．Where did the tour start? A．From Germany. B．From Amsterdam. C．From Switzerland. 18．What special attraction does the speaker recommend? A．The art museums. B．The Eiffel Tower. C．The Montpamasse Tower. 19．Why does the speaker like Line 63? A．It offers good views. B．It covers more territory. C．It’s the cheapest travel means. 20．What does the speaker say about the subway in Paris? A．It offers fairly cheap coffee. B．It charges quite affordable price. C．It makes people get lost easily. 【答案】17．B 18．C 19．A 20．B 【原文】 M: Hi, I’m Rick Steves. If you’ve been with us from the beginning, you’ll know that we began our tour in Amsterdam, walked our way through Germany and Austria, down into Italy, back up through Switzerland and this week we are in Paris. We won’t spend much time at the big attractions. In a tourist destination like Paris, even a new traveler knows to see the famous art museums of Paris and no one misses the Eiffel Tower. But we’re going to some of the places the average tourist misses. For instance, the best view in town may not be from the top of the Eiffel Tower, but from the top of the Montparnasse Tower. The view includes the Eiffel Tower as well as everything else. It’s cheaper and easier to get up here. We can join a ride on a public bus. I like the views from Line 63．Or we can cruise through Paris in one of their river tour boats. To cover more territory, traffic and streets for you, I ride the subway. Many European cities have subway systems, the one in Paris is really amazing. You can go anywhere in town for a reasonable price. And don’t worry, getting lost is cheap. In fact, you could stay underground all day long on one ticket about the cost of a cup of coffee. 第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Add an additional rebate (退还款) from Colorado’s largest power provider, a resident buying a new plug-in car could soon save a head-spinning $26, 500. That’s no mistake. Colorado’s current $5,000 tax credit (免税额度) is already the most generous state-level incentive (激励)available to all residents. With additional programs set to go live in the next few months, the state is now determined to test the full power of EV (Electric Vehicle) discounts — a pillar of the statewide plan to reduce carbon emissions. Gov. Jared Polis is betting the strategy can help reach a goal of putting nearly a million plug-in vehicles on the road by 2030. Here’s CPR’s guide to all of Colorado’s current and upcoming electric vehicle discounts: Colorado’s supercharged EV discounts Colorado residents can soon qualify for up to $26,500 in discounts for new electric vehicles. Here’s the math: Credit name New EV discount Used EV discount Date available Price restrictions Income restrictions U. S. EV tax credit $7,500 $4,000 Oct., 2023 <$80, 000 on trucks, vans, and SUVs <$55,000 on all other vehicles <$300,000 married couples <$225,000 head of household <$150,000 individual CO EV tax credit $5,000 N/A Oct., 2023 <$80,000 on all vehicles N/A CO low- cost EV tax credit $2,500 N/A May, 2024 < $35,000 on all vehicles N/A CO vehicle exchange program $6,000 $4,000 Feb., 2024 <$50,000 on all vehicles < 80 percent media n income OR enrolled in assistance programs Xcel Energy rebates $5,500 $3,000 Nov., 2023 <$80,000 on trucks, vans, and SUVs <$50,000 on all vehicles <80 percent media n income OR enrolled in assistance programs Total rebates $26,500 $11,000 21．What is the main purpose of Colorado’s new incentive? A．To encourage car sales. B．To reduce carbon emission. C．To raise residents’ income. D．To improve the state economy. 22．Which of the following will not be taken into account by CO EV tax credit? A．Income restrictions. B．Price restrictions. C．Date available. D．New or used vehicles. 23．Which of the following will be available the latest? A．CO vehicle exchange program. B．Xcel Energy rebates. C．CO low-cost EV tax credit. D．U. S. EV tax credit. 【答案】21．B 22．A 23．C 【解析】本文是一篇应用文，提供了关于科罗拉多州电动汽车(EV)激励措施的详细信息。 21．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“With additional programs set to go live in the next few months, the state is now determined to test the full power of EV (Electric Vehicle) discounts — a pillar of the statewide plan to reduce carbon emissions. Gov. Jared Polis is betting the strategy can help reach a goal of putting nearly a million plug-in vehicles on the road by 2030.(随着额外的计划在未来几个月内启动，该州现在决定测试电动汽车折扣的全部力量，这是全州减少碳排放计划的支柱。州长贾里德·波利斯（Jared Polis）认为，这一战略有助于实现到2030年将近一百万辆插电式汽车上路的目标)”可知，科罗拉多州新激励政策的主要目的是减少碳排放，故选B项。 22．细节理解题。根据“CO EV tax credit”的相关内容，提到了“Date available(可用日期)”、“Price restrictions(价格限制)”以及“New EV discount(新车的折扣)”和“Used EV discount(二手车的折扣)”，但未提及“Income restrictions(收入限制)”，故选A项。 23．细节理解题。根据表格中“Date available”一栏，“U. S. EV tax credit, Oct., 2023”、“CO EV tax credit, Oct., 2023”、“CO low-cost EV tax credit, May, 2024”、“CO vehicle exchange program, Feb., 2024”、“Xcel Energy rebates, Nov., 2023”可知，“CO low-cost EV tax credit”将在2024年5月可用，是四个选项中可用的最晚的，故选C项。 B Honey is a simple pleasure. It’s easy to forget, while enjoying its luxurious sweetness on a slice of buttered toast, that it is the end-product of a complicated production line involving advanced biological machinery and thousands of skilled workers. Honey starts out as nectar (花蜜), a solution of various sugars that flowering plants produce to attract insects like butterflies and all kinds of bees. Most of these visitors drink it down on the spot as nutrition for themselves. A food-hunting worker bee, though, does things differently. The bee stores the nectar in its honey stomach rather than digesting it. The stomach can hold a lot of nectar, up to almost half the bee’s unloaded body mass, and filling it may require a thousand flower visits. The transformation of nectar into honey begins while the bee is still on the wing, as the honey stomach produces enzymes (酶) that break down the larger, complex sugar molecule (分子) into smaller ones. On arrival back at the hive, where bees live and work, the bee unloads the nectar by giving the sugary solution to other workers, who pass it back and forth between each other, adding more enzymes each time. Once it is sufficiently sticky, the mixture is laid down in the beeswax cells of the honeycomb and the workers continue the drying process by fanning it with their wings. Only when the water content has been reduced to about 18 percent (from about 75 percent in the original nectar) do they seal the cells with beeswax lids. At this point, it is well and truly honey. An average hive produces about 11 kg of honey in a season, which requires the bees to fly over 1.5 million kilometers between them. A standard jar of honey requires about 80,000 km. The effort that has gone into making honey is worth remembering when spreading it onto toast — it can surely only add to the pleasure. 24．Why does the worker bee store the nectar in its stomach? A．To digest better. B．To absorb its nutrition. C．To keep it for its future food. D．To share it with other bees. 25．What can be inferred from paragraph 3? A．The cells are sealed by sticky solution. B．Producing honey requires teamwork. C．The drying work is done by female bees. D．It’s critical to maintain water percentage. 26．How is the last paragraph developed? A．By listing figures. B．By giving definitions. C．By making comparisons. D．By providing examples. 27．Which may be a suitable title for the text? A．Skilled Workers B．A Simple Pleasure C．Advanced and Intelligent Creatures D．Luxurious Sweetness from Delicate Work 【答案】24．D 25．B 26．A 27．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了蜜蜂将花蜜转换成蜂蜜的过程。 24．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Most of these visitors drink it down on the spot as nutrition for themselves. A food-hunting worker bee, though, does things differently. The bee stores the nectar in its honey stomach rather than digesting it.(这些访客中的大多数会当场喝下它作为自己的营养。然而，一只觅食工蜂的行为却不同。蜜蜂将花蜜储存在蜜胃中，而不是消化它。)”以及第三段中的“On arrival back at the hive, where bees live and work, the bee unloads the nectar by giving the sugary solution to other workers, who pass it back and forth between each other, adding more enzymes each time.(回到蜜蜂生活和工作的蜂巢后，蜜蜂通过将含糖溶液给其他工蜂来卸下花蜜，工蜂在彼此之间来回传递，每次添加更多的酶。)”可知，工蜂把花蜜存在胃里就是为了把它分享给其他的蜜蜂。故选D。 25．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“On arrival back at the hive, where bees live and work, the bee unloads the nectar by giving the sugary solution to other workers, who pass it back and forth between each other, adding more enzymes each time. Once it is sufficiently sticky, the mixture is laid down in the beeswax cells of the honeycomb and the workers continue the drying process by fanning it with their wings.(回到蜜蜂生活和工作的蜂巢后，蜜蜂通过将含糖溶液给其他工蜂来卸下花蜜，工蜂在彼此之间来回传递，每次添加更多的酶。一旦它足够粘稠，混合物就会放在蜂窝的蜂蜡细胞中，工蜂们用翅膀给它扇风，继续干燥过程。)”可推知，蜂蜜的转化过程是需要团队合作的。故选B。 26．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“about 11 kg of honey in a season”“fly over 1.5 million kilometers”“about 80,000 km”可推知，本段通过列数据的方式展开。故选 A。 27．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Honey is a simple pleasure. It’s easy to forget, while enjoying its luxurious sweetness on a slice of buttered toast, that it is the end-product of a complicated production line involving advanced biological machinery and thousands of skilled workers.(蜂蜜是一种简单的快乐。在享受一片涂了黄油的烤面包上面的它那奢华甜味时，人们很容易忘记，这是一条涉及先进生物机械和数千名熟练工作者的复杂生产线的最终产品。)”可知，第一段指出奢华甜蜜的蜂蜜是复杂工作的最终产品，接下来文章具体介绍了花蜜转化成蜂蜜的过程。由此可推知，D项“精细工作带来的奢华甜味”最适合作文章标题。故选D。 C Plants can often tell when they’ re in danger — by smell. But not all leaves sniff out threats equally well. In corn plants, baby leaves do this best, new data show. “They recognize that danger is around the corner,” says Lei Wang. He’s a plant biologist at the University of Bern in Switzerland. He and his colleagues shared the new findings in Current Biology. Many plants are known to beef up their chemical defenses when they’ re about to get bitten by insects. One way plants sense such threats is through smell. They can detect smell molecules floating through the air. Those molecules may spread from an insect’s saliva (唾液). Or they may come from neighboring plants that have already been attacked and are on death’s door. Originally, Wang and his team set out to identify airborne chemicals that plants receive as warning scents. But when they started their study, they found that the adult corn leaves they tested did not produce many anti- predator chemicals in response to the smells. So the researchers turned to baby leaves. These are much more fragile than the adult leaves that scientists usually study. In the lab, the team exposed young and adult corn leaves to a common danger-signaling scent. This green-leaf compound is similar to the smell of freshly cut grass. A corn plant might encounter this scent if a nearby plant was in danger. The researchers measured how much danger signal each leaf released in response to the warning smell. New leaves were more sensitive than adult leaves. Even though the adult leaves were worse at “smelling”, however, they did release small amounts of defense chemicals. Other research shows that these leaves can process danger signals other than scent (such as insects munching on them). They can respond to these attacks, too, by issuing chemicals aimed at tackling the threat. Wang hopes his research may lead to the breeding of smarter crops — ones more resistant to insects. In the long run, that should reduce a need for harmful pesticides. 28．What do the underlined words “beef up” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Dismiss. B．Balance. C．Strengthen. D．Overcome. 29．What can be learned from the text? A．Plants defend themselves in various ways. B．Plants sense danger from insect saliva. C．Freshly cut grass was used in the research. D．Adult corn leaves can’t produce defense chemicals. 30．What does Wang hope to achieve with his research? A．To reduce the use of poisonous pesticides. B．To improve the taste of crops. C．To cultivate more profitable plants. D．To create safer pesticides. 31．What is the best title for the text? A．Scientists Developing Smarter Crops B．New Study Revealing the Secret of Plants C．Plants Recognizing Danger in Different Ways D．Young Corn Leaves Smelling Danger Better 【答案】28．C 29．B 30．A 31．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，比起成熟的叶子，玉米的嫩叶能更好地感知危险的到来。 28．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Many plants are known to beef up their chemical defenses when they’ re about to get bitten by insects. One way plants sense such threats is through smell. (众所周知，许多植物在即将被昆虫叮咬时会beef up其化学防御能力。植物感知这种威胁的一种方式是通过气味。)”可知，这里表示在遭遇危险时，植物会增强其化学防御能力。所以猜测beef up表“增强”的意思。故选C项。 29．细节理解题。根据第三段“One way plants sense such threats is through smell. They can detect smell molecules floating through the air. Those molecules may spread from an insect’s saliva (唾液).(植物感知这种威胁的一种方式是通过气味。它们可以探测到空气中漂浮的气味分子。这些分子可能从昆虫的唾液中传播。)”可知，植物能从昆虫的唾液中感知危险。故选B项。 30．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Wang hopes his research may lead to the breeding of smart er crops — ones more resistant to insects. In the long run, that should reduce a need for harmful pesticides.(王希望他的研究能够培育出对昆虫更具抗性的智能二次作物。从长远来看，这应该会减少对有害农药的需求。)”可知，研究团队希望研发出更耐虫害的植株来减少有害杀虫剂的使用。故选A项。 31．主旨大意题。由文章倒数第二段“New leaves were more sensitive than adult leaves. Even though the adult leaves were worse at ‘smelling’, however, they did release small amounts of defense chemicals. Other research shows that these leaves can process danger signals other than scent (such as insects munching on them). They can respond to these attacks, too, by issuing chemicals aimed at tackling the threat.(新叶比成年叶更敏感。尽管成年叶子的‘气味’更差，但它们确实释放了少量的防御化学物质。其他研究表明，这些叶子可以处理除气味以外的危险信号（例如昆虫咀嚼它们）。他们也可以通过发放旨在应对威胁的化学品来应对这些攻击。)”以及上下文可知，文章介绍了最新研究成果： 比起成熟的叶子，玉米的嫩叶能更好地感知危险的到来，所以D项Young Corn Leaves Smelling Danger Better(年轻的玉米叶子更能闻出危险)符合语境。故选D项。 D A genius refers to the individual who has special intellectual abilities or talents in a specific field. These extraordinary individuals have the ability to think differently and come up with new ideas or solutions misunderstood by others. They have the power to make changes happen and leave a lasting impact on society. The concept of genius has interested people throughout history. Many famous geniuses like Albert Einstein, Leonardo da Vinci, and Isaac Newton have made definitely new discoveries in their own fields, reforming people’s understanding of the world. However, genius is not only limited to scientific or artistic fields; it can be found in a wide range of fields such as sports, leadership, and management. What sets geniuses apart from others is their special ability to think critically. They are not bound by traditional thinking and are not afraid to challenge the rules. Instead, they are good at building connection among different knowledge that ordinary people may miss. This enables them to come up with new ideas and solutions and have the potential to change the world. However, being a genius is not just about having high IQ or inborn talent. It requires hard work, devotion, and patience. Many geniuses have spent years sharpening their skills and mastering their skills. They have come across countless failures but have never given up. Their long-lasting pursuit of knowledge and their willingness to experiment and take risks have contributed to their success. Remember, geniuses are not limited to a selected few. Each one of us has the potential to unlock our inner genius and make a difference in the world. It is through curiosity, hard work, and a willingness to think differently that we can tap into our own bright future. 32．What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A．Geniuses are able to make new changes. B．Only scientists and artists can be geniuses. C．Geniuses are often misunderstood by others. D．Geniuses should have talents in different fields. 33．According to the passage, what are the key points to be a genius? A．New ideas and solutions. B．High IQ and inborn talent. C．The special intellectual abilities. D．Critical thinking ability and efforts. 34．What does the underlined word This in Para. 3 refer to? A．Traditional thinking. B．The willingness to challenge rules. C．The ability to connect various knowledge. D．The knowledge missed by ordinary people. 35．What is the best title of the passage? A．Talent makes a genius. B．Genius can be you and me. C．Genius comes from experience. D．Talents work while geniuses create. 【答案】32．A 33．D 34．C 35．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了天才不仅限于少数人，其特质在于批判性思维、创新及不懈努力。每个人都应该发掘自身潜能，通过好奇心、勤奋与独立思考塑造美好未来。 32．细节理解题。根据第一段“A genius refers to the individual who has special intellectual abilities or talents in a specific field. These extraordinary individuals have the ability to think differently and come up with new ideas or solutions misunderstood by others. They have the power to make changes happen and leave a lasting impact on society. (天才是指在特定领域具有特殊智力或才能的人。这些非凡的人有能力以不同的方式思考，并提出被他人误解的新想法或解决方案。他们有能力做出改变，并对社会产生持久的影响。)”以及第二段“Many famous geniuses like Albert Einstein, Leonardo da Vinci, and Isaac Newton have made definitely new discoveries in their own fields, reforming people’s understanding of the world. (许多著名的天才，如阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦、列奥纳多·达·芬奇和艾萨克·牛顿，在各自的领域都取得了新的发现，改变了人们对世界的理解。)”可知，天才有能力做出改变，改变人们对世界的理解。故选A。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段“What sets geniuses apart from others is their special ability to think critically. They are not bound by traditional thinking and are not afraid to challenge the rules. (天才与其他人的不同之处在于他们批判性思维的特殊能力。他们不受传统思维的束缚，也不怕挑战规则。)”以及第四段“However, being a genius is not just about having high IQ or inborn talent. It requires hard work, devotion, and patience. Many geniuses have spent years sharpening their skills and mastering their skills. (然而，成为天才不仅仅意味着拥有高智商或天生的天赋。这需要努力工作、奉献和耐心。许多天才花了数年时间磨练自己的技能，掌握自己的技能。)”可知，成为天才需要具有批判性思维，并且需要努力工作、奉献和耐心。故选D。 34．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Instead, they are good at building connection among different knowledge that ordinary people may miss. This enables them to come up with new ideas and solutions and have the potential to change the world. (相反，他们擅长在普通人可能错过的不同知识之间建立联系。这使他们能够提出新的想法和解决方案，并有可能改变世界。)”可知，句中This指代的是前句中提及的“他们擅长在普通人可能错过的不同知识之间建立联系”，即连接各种知识的能力。故选C。 35．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Remember, geniuses are not limited to a selected few. Each one of us has the potential to unlock our inner genius and make a difference in the world. (记住，天才并不局限于少数人。我们每个人都有潜力释放我们内心的天才，改变世界。)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了天才不仅限于少数人，每个人都应该发掘自身潜能，通过好奇心、勤奋与独立思考塑造美好未来，即每个人都可以成为天才，所以“天才可以是你和我”适合作为文章标题。故选B。 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 36 Maybe it’s a walk in a forest, having a small garden or a few household plants. One study showed that patients at a hospital who had plants in their rooms reported less pain, lower blood pressure, less tiredness and less anxiety than patients without plants. Studies have also shown that plants and gardening increase productivity and levels of serotonin, the neurotransmitter responsible for uplifting mood. “Rather than staying on the past or worrying about the future, plant care provides a feeling of current accomplishment. 37 ” says Gayle Weill, a therapist in Connecticut. Like any new skill or hobby, taking care of houseplants comes with a learning curve. Anyone starting to care for plants should be patient and allow themselves time to learn the basics. 38 Before you bring home a load of botanicals, it’s not about how many plants you have, but rather how you interact with them. For instance, are the plants in areas where you spend a lot of time? Do you care for them daily? If you have a small space or aren’t sure how much time you will, starting with a lot of plants could be overwhelming. 39 It can engage you by its smell or color that creates a positive mood response. Remember that while indoor gardening can help with stress and relaxation, it’s not a cure-all. 40 But caring for plants can be a useful and enjoyable part of an overall wellness routine. A．Just one plant can make a difference. B．It helps one focus on the present moment. C．He needs to leave room for a little trial and error. D．Research has revealed exposure to greenery have many benefits. E．More and more young people are getting interested in gardening. F．Having a plant doesn’t immediately impact mental health processes. G．You need a lot of houseplants to see the improvement in your health. 【答案】36．D 37．B 38．C 39．A 40．F 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究表明，接触绿色植物有很多好处，对此给出了室内园艺的建议。 36．根据后文“Maybe it’s a walk in a forest, having a small garden or a few household plants. One study showed that patients at a hospital who had plants in their rooms reported less pain, lower blood pressure, less tiredness and less anxiety than patients without plants.(也许是在森林里散步，有一个小花园或一些家庭植物。一项研究表明，在医院里，房间里有植物的病人比没有植物的病人报告的疼痛、血压、疲劳和焦虑更少)”可知，本段主要说明了研究发现接触植物对健康有好处。故D选项“研究表明，接触绿色植物有很多好处”符合语境，故选D。 37．根据上文“Rather than staying on the past or worrying about the future, plant care provides a feeling of current accomplishment.(不是停留在过去或担心未来，植物护理提供了一种当前的成就感)”可知，上文提到了植物让人对当前有成就感，故本句承接上文，对这一观点进行补充说明，B选项中present moment对应上文current accomplishment。故B选项“它能帮助人们专注于当下”符合语境，故选B。 38．根据上文“Like any new skill or hobby, taking care of houseplants comes with a learning curve. Anyone starting to care for plants should be patient and allow themselves time to learn the basics.(像任何新的技能或爱好一样，照顾室内植物需要一个学习曲线。任何开始照顾植物的人都应该有耐心，给自己时间学习基本知识)”可知，上文提到了照顾植物是一个学习曲线，需要耐心和时间，本句针对此给出建议。故C选项“他需要给试错留点空间”符合语境，故选C。 39．根据上文“If you have a small space or aren’t sure how much time you will, starting with a lot of plants could be overwhelming.(如果你的空间很小，或者不确定你有多少时间，从很多植物开始可能会让你不知所措)”以及后文“It can engage you by its smell or color that creates a positive mood response.(它可以通过气味或颜色吸引你，从而产生积极的情绪反应)”可知，上文提到很多植物会让人不知所措，可知本句是在说明选择少量植物。故A选项“一种植物就能带来不同”符合语境，故选A。 40．根据上文“Remember that while indoor gardening can help with stress and relaxation, it’s not a cure-all.(记住，虽然室内园艺可以帮助缓解压力和放松，但它不是万灵药)”可知，上文提到室内园艺不是万灵药，说明不是百试百灵的方法。故F选项“养一棵植物不会立即影响心理健康过程”符合语境，故选F。 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 You don’t have to be alone to feel lonely— anyone who has experienced a fallout with friends or has to endure an awkward social gathering will 41 . A recent Wall Street Journal column teaches us how to 42 loneliness. “Loneliness is not just about whether there are others around you. It’s about whether the ones around you are those you can 43 ,” says John T. Cacioppo, director of the Center for Cognitive and Social Neuroscience at the University of Chicago. Cacioppo explains that men and women are equally as likely to experience loneliness, but the kinds of social interaction they may be 44 are different. Women generally 45 for face-to-face social interactions, whereas men are looking for a sense of connection and 46 within a group. Quoting therapists, The Wall Street Journal column points out that loneliness in its most unhealthy form is a distorted way of thinking. It often has an emotional 47 . Big changes in life, such as a breakup or a move to another city or country can be the cause of loneliness. But 48 things such as attending a wedding alone or quarreling with a sibling or a friend can also make us feel lonely. The column also gives advice on how to stop being alone from 49 into feeling lonely. You can start by 50 that you are the one who tells yourself that you feel lonely. You are creating the bad experience of loneliness by how you are thinking and behaving. You should acknowledge 51 thoughts and then try to think differently. How to achieve this? Change the mental story you 52 yourself. Remember that there are people who care about you, 53 they may just be busy at the moment. Try to enjoy the moments you have 54 . Do things you enjoy doing alone, like reading or listening to music. If you are single and live by yourself, you can 55 a gym or a volunteering group to be around other people. 41．A．agree B．bother C．protest D．perceive 42．A．put up with B．turn to C．call on D．fight back 43．A．tolerate B．trust C．predict D．inspire 44．A．excluding B．applying C．missing D．attaching 45．A．account B．make C．long D．constitute 46．A．belonging B．relaxation C．vision D．dominant 47．A．gesture B．response C．touch D．trigger 48．A．small B．vital C．ultimate D．panicky 49．A．sealing B．sliding C．surfing D．stuffing 50．A．anticipating B．recognizing C．informing D．identifying 51．A．positive B．passive C．active D．negative 52．A．read B．find C．tell D．learn 53．A．when B．but C．so D．or 54．A．by yourself B．to yourself C．on yourself D．of yourself 55．A．register B．join C．serve D．admit 【答案】 41．A 42．D 43．B 44．B 45．C 46．A 47．D 48．A 49．B 50．B 51．D 52．C 53．B 54．A 55．B 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了孤独感的本质和应对方法，指出孤独并非取决于周围是否有人陪伴，而是与周围人是否能建立情感联系有关。文章还提供了应对孤独感的建议，如改变思维方式、享受独处时光、参与社交活动等。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：并不是一定要一个人才能感到孤独——任何经历过与朋友争吵或不得不忍受尴尬社交聚会的人都会同意这一观点。A. agree同意；B. bother烦扰；C. protest抗议；D. perceive认为。前文“You don’t have to be alone to feel lonely”提出观点：并不是一定要一个人才能感到孤独，即与其它人在一起时也会有孤独感。下文“experienced a fallout with friends or has to endure an awkward social gathering”紧接着列举了两种与他们一起也会感到孤独的情况：经历过与朋友争吵或不得不忍受尴尬社交聚会。经历过这两种情况的人都会赞同前文观点。故选A项。 42．考查动词短语辨析。句意：最近，《华尔街日报》的一篇专栏文章教会了我们如何对抗孤独。A. put up with忍受；B. turn to转向；C. call on号召；D. fight back对抗。根据下文“The column also gives advice on how to stop being alone from 9 into feeling lonely.”和“Try to enjoy the moments you have 14 . Do things you enjoy doing alone, like reading or listening to music.”可知，《华尔街日报》的专栏文章是教我们如何孤独孤独。故选D项。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：孤独不仅仅取决于你周围是否有人。更重要的是，你周围的人是否是你能信任的人。A. tolerate容忍；B. trust信任；C. predict预测；D. inspire激励。根据第四段中“Big changes in life, such as a breakup or a move to another city or country can be the cause of loneliness. But 8 things such as attending a wedding alone or quarreling with a sibling or a friend can also make us feel lonely.”可知，分手、搬到另一个城市或国家、独自参加婚礼、与兄弟姐妹或朋友争吵都可能导致孤独，而这些行为的一个共同点是人际关系疏远，身边没有可以信任的人，孤独取决于周围是否有能信任的人。故选B项。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Cacioppo解释说，男性和女性经历孤独的可能性是相同的，但他们可能应用的社交互动方式是不同的。A. excluding排除；B. applying运用，应用；C. missing缺失；D. attaching附上。根据下文“Women generally 6 for face-to-face social interactions, whereas men are looking for a sense of connection”，男性和女性使用不同的社交互动方式，女性喜欢面对面的互动，而男性则寻求一种联系。故选B项。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：女性通常渴望面对面的社交互动，而男性则寻求一种群体内的联系感和归属感。A. account认为是；B. make制作；C. long渴望；D. constitute构成。根据上文“different”和下文“whereas men are looking for”可知，男性和女性使用不同的社交互动方式，女性渴望(long for)面对面的互动，与男性寻求(look for)一种联系相对应。故选C项。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：女性通常渴望面对面的社交互动，而男性则寻求一种群体内的联系感和归属感。A. belonging归属感；B. relaxation放松；C. vision视野；D. dominant统治。根据上文“a sense of connection”和下文“within a group”可推知，男性则寻求的是一种联系和群体内的归属感。故选A项。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它通常有一个情感的触发点。A. gesture手势；B. response回应；C. touch触摸；D. trigger触发点。根据下文“Big changes in life, such as a breakup or a move to another city or country can be the cause of loneliness.”可知，生活中的重大变化，比如分手或搬到另一个城市或国家，都可能导致孤独，它们是导致孤独的情感的触发点。故选D项。 48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但小事，比如一个人参加婚礼，或者和兄弟姐妹或朋友吵架，也会让我们感到孤独。A. small小的；B. vital至关重要的；C. ultimate最终的；D. panicky恐慌的。与前文“Big changes in life”相照应，“things such as attending a wedding alone or quarreling with a sibling or a friend”相对来说是小事。故选A项。 49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该专栏文章还就如何阻止从独处不知不觉地陷入孤独给出了建议。A. sealing密封；B. sliding不知不觉地陷入；C. surfing冲浪；D. stuffing填塞。从“being alone”到“feeling lonely”是一种情绪上的变化，从独处不知不觉地陷入孤独。故选B项。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以从承认是你告诉自己你感到孤独开始。A. anticipating预期；B. recognizing承认；C. informing通知；D. identifying识别。根据下文“you are the one who tells yourself that you feel lonely”可知，是我们自己说自己很孤独，我们要先承认这一事实。故选B项。 51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你应该承认这些消极的想法，然后试着换一种思考方式。A. positive积极的；B. passive被动的；C. active积极的；D. negative消极的。根据上文“You are creating the bad experience of loneliness by how you are thinking and behaving.”和下文“then try to think differently”可知，我们要承认这自己给强加自己的消极想法，我们需要换一种思考方式。故选D项。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：改变你告诉自己的内心故事。A. read阅读；B. find发现；C. tell告诉；D. learn学习。根据上文“You can start by 10 that you are the one who tells yourself that you feel lonely. You are creating the bad experience of loneliness by how you are thinking and behaving.”可知，感到孤独是我们自己对自己的暗示，现在需要换一种思考方式，改变我们自己告诉自己的内心故事。故选C项。 53．考查连词词义辨析。句意：记住，有人关心你，只是他们现在可能很忙。A. when当……时候；B. but但是；C. so因此；D. or或者。根据上文“there are people who care about you”和下文“they may just be busy at the moment.”可知，有人关心我们，但他们现在可能很忙，前后句构成转折关系。故选B项。 54．考查介词短语辨析。句意：试着享受你独处的时光。A. by yourself独自地；B. to yourself自言自语地；C. on yourself依靠你自己；D. of yourself你自己的。根据下文“Do things you enjoy doing alone, like reading or listening to music.”可知，建议享受独处的时光。故选A项。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你单身且独居，你可以加入健身房或志愿者团体，和其他人在一起。A. register注册；B. join加入；C. serve服务；D. admit承认。根据下文“a gym”和“to be around other people”可知，加入健身房就可以和其他人在一起。故选B项。 第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The documentary, The Journey of Chinese Plants, released by the International Horticultural Exhibition (世界园艺博览会), has 10 episodes running for 50 minutes each, 56 (cover) tea plants, rice, soybeans, bamboo, flowers and gardens. The series discusses how plants have affected the world and have brought people back 57 nature. The audiences can better understand the values of ecological 58 (aware) and human-nature coexistence. The production team spent nearly three years completing the series, 59 involved more than 200 people. Li Chengcai, chief director of the documentary, said 133 photographers visited 93 regions in 27 provinces and autonomous regions (自治区) in China, as well as seven 60 (country) including the United Kingdom, New Zealand, India and Japan. He said the documentary captured the large primitive forests in the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon for 61 first time and investigated the origin of Chinese tea plants near the region. Flowers 62 (plant) at the highest mountain elevation (海拔) in China were also recorded 63 (successful). “To make plants the main shooting subject was a challenge for me,” Li said. “But it was also an opportunity to make me review and rethink the meaning of 64 (live) things.” “I have more respect for nature and creatures through the process of using cameras 65 (record) the stories of the plants and through building up life archives (档案) for the plants via images,” he added. 【答案】 56．covering 57．to 58．awareness 59．which 60．countries 61．the 62．planted 63．successfully 64．living 65．to record 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由国际园艺博览会发布的纪录片《影响世界的中国植物》。这部纪录片共有10集，每集50分钟，涵盖了茶树、水稻、大豆、竹子、花卉和园林等内容。文章还提到了这部纪录片的制作团队、拍摄地点以及导演对于这部纪录片的看法和感受。 56．考查非谓语动词。句意：由国际园艺博览会发布的纪录片《影响世界的中国植物》共有10集，每集50分钟，涵盖了茶树、水稻、大豆、竹子、花卉和园林。“_____ (cover) tea plants, rice, soybeans, bamboo, flowers and gardens”作伴随状语，cover(涵盖)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语The documentary之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填covering。 57．考查介词。句意：这部系列片讨论了植物是如何影响世界的，以及它们是如何使人们回归自然的。bring sb./sh. back to是固定搭配，意为“使……回到……”。故填to。 58．考查名词。句意：观众可以更好地理解生态意识和人与自然共存的价值。提示词作介词of的宾语，用名词是awareness，意为“意识”，不可数名词。故填awareness。 59．考查定语从句。句意：制作团队花了近三年的时间完成了这部系列片，其中涉及200多人。“_____ involved more than 200 people”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the series，关系代词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该定语从句。故填which。 60．考查名词的数。句意：这部纪录片的总导演李成才说，133名摄影师走访了中国27个省市自治区的93个地区，以及包括英国、新西兰、印度和日本在内的7个国家。可数名词country前有数量词seven修饰，应用复数形式countries。故填countries。 61．考查冠词。句意：他说，这部纪录片首次捕捉到了雅鲁藏布大峡谷的大片原始森林，并调查了该地区附近中国茶树的起源。for the first time是固定短语，意为“第一次；首次”，用时间状语。故填the。 62．考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国海拔最高的山区种植的花卉也被成功记录了下来。“_____ (plant) at the highest mountain elevation in China”作后置定语修饰名词Flowers，plant(种植)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语Flowers之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填planted。 63．考查副词。句意：在中国海拔最高的山区种植的花卉也被成功记录了下来。提示词作状语，修饰动词were recorded，用副词形式successfully，意思是“成功地”。故填successfully。 64．考查形容词。句意：但这也是一个让我重新审视和思考生命的意义的机会。提示词作定语，用形容词living，意思是“活着的”；living things“生命；生物”。故填living。 65．考查非谓语动词。句意：他说：“通过用相机记录植物的故事，以及通过图像为植物建立生命档案，我对自然和生物有了更多的尊重。” use sth. to do...是固定搭配，意为“使用……做……”，动词不定式短语作目的状语。故填to record。 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66．某中学生英文报近期开展了“保护古树名木共享绿水青山”的主题征文活动，以鼓励人们积极参与对古树的保护。请你以“Why We Need to Protect Century-old Trees”为题写一篇英语短文，向该英文报投稿。要求包括以下要点： 1．古树保护的意义；2．古树保护面临的问题；3．你的建议。 注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Why We Need to Protect Century-old Trees The old trees, which can be seen as “living treasures”, have witnessed our city’s development. They have played a key role in improving our environment. In a sense, keeping those century-old trees alive and healthy is our duty to protect and carry forward our city’s history. However, in recent years, most of the old trees have become endangered, due to environmental changes, natural disasters, and human destruction. It’s really a pity to see these old trees disappear from our view one after another. In my opinion, firstly, it is high time to pass some laws in order to protect the old trees from destruction and appeal to every citizen to play a part in this worthy cause. Secondly, our city must make a list of old trees, including the rare tree species, and thus bring them into focus. As long as the old trees begin to attract attention, it will make a great difference to the situation. 【写作解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“Why We Need to Protect Century-old Trees”为题写一篇英语短文，向某中学生英文报投稿。 【要点详解】1.词汇积累 被看作：be seen as→be regarded as 由于：due to→because of 在我看来：in my opinion→as far as I’m concerned 呼吁：appeal to→call on 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In my opinion, firstly, it is high time to pass some laws in order to protect the old trees from destruction and appeal to every citizen to play a part in this worthy cause. 拓展句：In my opinion, firstly, it is high time to pass some laws so that we can protect the old trees from destruction and appeal to every citizen to play a part in this worthy cause. 【高分句型1】The old trees, which can be seen as “living treasures”, have witnessed our city’s development.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】As long as the old trees begin to attract attention, it will make a great difference to the situation.（运用了as long as引导的条件状语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When John pulled into his mother’s driveway with his young daughter, Lily, the sight of the familiar lychee (荔枝) tree welcomed them. “Look, Lily,” John said, pointing to the towering tree in the front yard. “It’s the family tree.” Lily smiled as John treated the tree as if it were a real family member, patting its trunk (树干) affectionately. As they were admiring the tree, the screen door opened and out stepped Grandma Mei, bathed in the warm Florida sunlight. Grandma Mei, who came from the province of Guangdong in China, was known for her green thumb, particularly when it came to lychees. Seeing her granddaughter, Grandma Mei adjusted her baseball cap and asked if Lily was ready for some lychees. But Lily hesitated, for the fruit’s appearance was unlike any other fruit she had tried before. With a laugh, Grandma Mei gave her a gentle hug. “More lychees for me then, John,” Grandma Mei said. “Let’s get busy!” John said with enthusiasm, rubbing his hands together. “Family tree’s waiting.” Hearing Dad calling the tree by name, Lily couldn’t help laughing. “Laugh if you want, Lily, but this tree is really family. On cold nights, before family tree was fully grown, Grandma Mei used to take my blanket and throw it over that tree.” Grandma Mei nodded, adding that she had to protect the tree from bad weather so that it would become a big strong tree and grow fruit for the whole family. John, eager to start the day’s work, began climbing the tree, determined to harvest the best lychees for the family. Lily watched in amazement, noticing the clusters (簇) of lychees, their skin rough yet inviting. As John skillfully cut through the branches with a cutter, Lily expressed her concern for the well-being of the tree. John explained to her that cutting the ends of branches won’t hurt family tree. Instead such behaviour made it healthier and stronger. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Lily’s hesitation towards the fruit gradually shifted to curiosity and she wanted to try it. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Later in the afternoon, they all sat under the tree, surrounded by boxes filled with lychees and sharing stories related to lychees. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Lily’s hesitation towards the fruit gradually shifted to curiosity and she wanted to try it. After John continued to climb higher and pick more lychees, she approached Grandma and asked shyly, “Can you show me how to take the spiky skin off the lychee, Grandma?” Grandma Mei smiled with delight. With practiced hands, she took the skin off to show the juicy fruit beneath. “Here you go, dear,” she handed it to Lily. The initial taste made Lily’s face light up in surprise. The sweetness was unlike any other fruit she had tried before. Later in the afternoon, they all sat under the tree, surrounded by boxes filled with lychees and sharing stories related to lychees. Grandma Mei shared stories of her homeland, Guangdong, and how the tradition of growing lychees was passed down in their family. John told his childhood days, climbing and playing around the same tree. Lily, now a new fan of the fruit, listened attentively, her hands busy with another lychee, understanding the deeper roots of her family’s legacy. The family tree, standing tall, silently witnessed another beautiful day binding the generations together even more tightly. 【写作解析】文章以荔枝树为线索展开，讲述了John开车带着Lily来到Mei奶奶家的车道时，那棵熟悉的荔枝树迎接了他们。看到孙女，奶奶问Lily是否要吃荔枝。John热情地要行动起来摘荔枝。John，急于开始一天的工作，开始爬树，决心为家人收获最好的荔枝。当John熟练地用割刀剪断树枝时，Lily表达了她对这棵树健康状况的关心。John向她解释说，剪掉树枝的末端不会伤害到荔枝树。相反，这种行为使它更健康、更强壮。 【要点详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“Lily对水果的犹豫逐渐变成了好奇，她想尝尝。”可知，第一段可描写Lily初次品尝荔枝的过程和感受。 ②由第二段首句内容“下午晚些时候，他们都坐在树下，周围是装满荔枝的盒子，分享与荔枝有关的故事。”可知，第二段可描写奶奶和爸爸跟Lily分享故事的过程以及Lily的反应。 2.续写线索：爸爸摘了很多荔枝——Lily询问奶奶荔枝的吃法——奶奶剥下果皮并递给Lily——荔枝的味道让Lily感到惊讶——奶奶和爸爸分享与荔枝有关的故事——Lily专心听讲——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 继续做某事：continue to do sth./proceed to do sth. 面露喜色：light up/beam with delight 忙于做某事：be busy with sth./be occupied with sth. 情绪类 惊讶地：in surprise/in astonishment 专心地：attentively/intently [高分句型1] Grandma Mei shared stories of her homeland, Guangdong, and how the tradition of growing lychees was passed down in their family.（运用了how引导宾语从句） [高分句型2] John told his childhood days, climbing and playing around the same tree.（运用了现在分词作状语） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$