必修第三册 UNIT 5 What an adventure!(word讲义) -【赢在微点】2025年高考英语大一轮复习顶层设计高考背重点（外研版2019）

UNIT 5　What an adventure! 主题语境 生命的意义与价值、人与环境 　提分背案1　背熟单词 识记单词 1.port n.港,港口 2.chapter n.章节 3.oxygen n.氧气 4.thus adv.因此,从而 5.nut n.坚果(仁) 6.ahead adv.在前面 7.charge n.主管,负责 8.guideline n.指导方针,指导原则 9.beneath prep.在……之下,在……正下方 10.plaster n.创可贴 11.bandage n.绷带 12.ray n.光线,光束 13.thermometer n.体温计 14.cotton n.棉布,棉纱 15.liquid n.液体,液态物 16.sheer adj.纯粹的,十足的 17.rubber n.橡胶,合成橡胶 18.atom n.原子 19.carpet n.地毯 20.captain n.船长 21.shore n.岸,滨 22.helmet n.头盔,钢盔 23.border n.国界,边界 24.zone n.地区,地带 25.resident n.居民,住户 26.stretch v.延伸,绵延 27.submarine n.潜(水)艇 拓展单词精准变形 1.confirm v.证明,证实→confirmation n.证实 2.attempt v.努力,尝试　n.努力;尝试,企图→attempted adj.未遂的 3.crowd n.人群　v.群集;聚集;拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的 4.failure n.失败;失败的人/物;未做;故障;失灵→fail v.失败;未做到;不及格;出故障;失灵;衰退 5.unaware adj.未察觉到的,未意识到的→aware adj.意识到的→awareness n.意识 6.permit v.允许,准许,许可(生义) n.许可证→permission n.允许 7.surround v.环绕,围绕→surrounding adj.周围的,附近的→surroundings n.环境 8.broad adj.宽的,宽阔的→broaden v.拓宽;增长;扩大 9.male n.雄性动物→female n.雌性动物 10.depth n.深,深度→deep adj.深的→deeply adv.深深地→deepen v.加深 11.astonish v.使吃惊,使惊讶→astonishing adj.令人惊讶的→astonished adj.感到惊讶的→astonishment n.惊讶 12.servant n.仆人,佣人→serve v.服务→service n.服务 13.consume v.消耗→consumer n.消费者→consumption n.消耗,消费 14.relate v.相关联,有关联;讲述→relation n.关系,联系;亲属→related adj.有关系的,相关联的;有亲属关系的→interrelated adj.相互关联的 15.initial adj.开始的,最初的→initially adv.最初,首先 16.wrinkled adj.有皱褶的;有皱纹的→wrinkle n.皱纹;皱褶　v. (使)起皱纹;(使)皱起 17.injury n.伤,损害→injure v.受伤→injured adj.受伤的 18.psychologist n.心理学家→psychology n.心理学→psychological adj.心理的;精神上的 19.thrill v.使激动,使兴奋　n.强烈的兴奋、恐惧或快乐感→thrilled adj.感到兴奋的→thrilling adj.令人兴奋的 20.bleeding n.流血,失血→bleed v.流血→blood n.血→bloody adj.沾满血迹的;血腥的 21.alcohol n.酒精→alcoholic adj.酒精的,含酒精的 n.酒鬼,嗜酒如命者 22.wool n.羊毛,毛织物→woolen adj.羊毛的 23.cloth n.布→clothing/clothes n.衣服 24.fascinated adj.被迷住的,被吸引住的→fascinating adj.迷人的,有极大吸引力的→fascinate v.深深吸引,迷住→fascination n.着迷,极大的吸引力 25.distinguish v.看清,认出;区分→distinguished adj.卓越的,杰出的→distinguishable adj.容易分辨的;区别得开的 26.gradually adv.逐渐地,逐步地→gradual adj.逐渐的 27.intensity n. (光、声等的)强度→intense adj.强烈的,激烈的→intensely adv.强烈地,激烈地 28.vibration n.震颤,震动→vibrate v.震动 单词速记法 词缀记忆法:形容词后缀-ed表示“有……的,有……特征的” 语义记忆法:与“急救”相关的单词 ①plaster 　　　　创可贴 ②bandage 绷带 ③alcohol 酒精 ④thermometer 体温计 ⑤cotton 棉布,棉纱 ①crowd人群→crowded拥挤的 ②wrinkle皱纹→wrinkled有皱纹的 ③balance平衡→balanced平衡的 ④limit限制→limited有限的 ⑤experience经验→experienced有经验的 ⑥gift天赋→gifted有天赋的 ⑦relate相关→related相关的 ⑧talent天赋→talented有天赋的 ⑨skill技能→skilled熟练的 ⑩unite联合→united联合的,统一的 1.crowd n. ①人群;一群人　②民众　vt. ③挤满;使……拥挤　vi. ④涌进;蜂拥而至 1)a crowd of/crowds of一大群;很多 the crowd人群 2)crowd in (on sb.)/crowd into sb.’s mind (想法、问题等)涌上(某人)心头;涌入(某人)脑海 crowd into/in涌入(某地) crowd out挤出 crowd around/round挤在……周围 crowd ... into ...把……塞进…… 3)be crowded with挤满 ①____________ (crowd) of football fans spilled onto the field at the end of the game.比赛结束时,成群的足球迷涌进了球场。 ②Too many uncomfortable thoughts were ___________________________ her.她心乱如麻。 ③They crowded around the teacher, eager for any news.他们把老师围了个水泄不通,渴望能得到点消息。 ④The air smelled of the best bread baked, and customers soon crowded ____________ the store, making the street ____________ (crowd).空气中弥漫着烤得最好的面包的香味,顾客们很快就涌进了商店,使得街上人如潮涌。(续写场景描写) 2.attempt n.& vt. 企图;试图;尝试 1)make an attempt to do/at doing sth.试图做某事 at the first attempt第一次尝试 in an attempt to do sth.为了做某事;努力做某事 2)attempt to do sth.努力做某事;企图做某事 ①If you fail ____________ the first attempt, there is no need to be upset about it.如果你第一次尝试失败的话,也没必要为此沮丧。(劝慰信) ②Later, the cat leapt onto the bed. Not wanting cat hair on the bed, I attempted to chase her away.后来,猫跳到床上。我不想床上有猫毛,就试图把她赶走。(续写人与动物) 3.failure n. ①失败　②失败的人(或事物)　③故障;失灵　④未做;未履行 1)end/result in failure以失败告终/导致失败 sb.’s failure to do sth.某人未能做某事 2)fail vt.& vi.失败;不及格;出故障;失灵;衰退;使失望;使无能为力 fail to do sth.未能做某事 fail sb.使某人失望 words fail sb./courage fails sb.某人无法表达自己的感受/某人鼓不起勇气 ①I’m sorry to inform you that I will fail ____________ (go) out with you this weekend.我很抱歉地告诉你,这周末我不能和你外出了。(2021·北京卷道歉信) ②Words failed the mother when she wanted to express her thanks to the twins.当母亲想向双胞胎道谢时,她不知道说什么好。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷续写) ③The true failure is the failure ____________ (learn) from failure.真正的失败是未能从失败中吸取教训。(续写主旨升华) 4.charge n. ①主管;负责　②收费　③指控　vt. ④收费　⑤控告　⑥充电 ①My English teacher, who has been teaching for twenty years, is ____________ charge of the school work.我的英语老师负责学校的工作,他已经教了二十年书了。(全国卷Ⅰ写人短文) ②The shop owner charged me nothing ____________ the noodles, and I felt a wave of warmth and gratitude welling up within me.店主没有收我买面条的钱,我感到一股温暖和感激之情涌上心头。(续写情感描写) ③He came charging into my room and demanded to know what was going on.他冲进我的房间,要求知道发生了什么事。(续写动作描写) 5.permit v. 允许;许可 ①No one is permitted to take photos of the exhibits in the museum without ____________ (permit).任何人未经允许禁止对博物馆里的展品拍照。(通知) ②Weather permitting, a winter hike will be launched to get us close to nature and raise us students’health awareness.天气允许的话,将举办冬日远足活动,让我们亲近自然并提高我们学生的健康意识。(通知) ③Much to my disappointment, the door guards didn’t permit ____________ (bring) my camera.令我大为失望的是,门卫不允许我带相机。(续写情感描写) 6.astonish vt. 使十分惊讶;使吃惊 1)It astonishes sb. that ...令某人惊讶的是…… What astonishes sb. is ...使某人惊讶的是…… 2)be astonished at/by sth.因/对某事感到惊讶 be astonished to see/find/hear/learn ... 惊讶地看见/发现/听到/得知…… 3)in astonishment吃惊地 to one’s astonishment令某人惊讶的是 4)It is astonishing that ...……令人惊讶。 ①He was too astonished to speak or even to think. 他惊讶得说不出话来,甚至脑子都不灵了。(续写情感描写) ②At the astonishing news, Mary froze with astonishment.听到这个令人吃惊的消息,玛丽惊呆了。(续写情感描写) ③A look of astonishment flashed across his face.他脸上掠过惊讶的神色。 ④The helicopter landed before our ____________ (astonish) eyes.直升机就降落在我们眼前,令人十分惊讶。 ⑤____________ dumb astonishment, the teacher, putting down his book, gaped at the boy.老师惊讶得说不出话来,他放下书,呆呆地望着男孩。(续写情感+动作描写) 7.distinguish vi.& vt. 区分;辨别;看清;认出 1)distinguish between ... and ...区分/辨别……和…… distinguish ... from ...使……有别于…… distinguish oneself to be/as ...作为……而出名 2)be distinguished for/as ...因/作为……而出名 ①____________ (distinguish) for its attractive scenery, Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year.杭州以其迷人的风景而闻名遐迩,每年都有大量的游客。(推荐信) ②Reading good books can not only enrich our minds but also teach us to distinguish ____________ right and wrong.读好书既能丰富我们的头脑又能教我们分辨是非。(演讲稿) 8.surround vt. ①围绕;环绕　②包围;围住 1)surround oneself with sb./sth.和某人/某物待在一起 be surrounded by/with ...被……围绕;周围是…… 2)the surrounding air周围的空气 the surrounding countries附近的国家 ①It is wise to surround yourself ____________ people who have a high level of self-discipline.交一些高度自律的朋友是明智的。(建议信) ②The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, ____________ (surround) by a high wire fence.这只饥饿的熊一路嗅着来到我们的营地,营地周围有高高的铁丝网。(浙江卷续写) 答案:1.①Crowds　②crowding in on　④into; crowded　2.①at　3.①to go　③to learn　4.①in　②for　5.①permission　③bringing　6.④astonished　⑤In　7.①Distinguished　②between　8.①with　②surrounded 　提分背案2　背熟短语和句式 动词短语 1.take risks　　　　　 　　　　　冒险 2.result in 导致 3.figure out 弄清楚 4.refer to ... as 把……称为 5.benefit from 从……受益 6.open up 开通,开放,开辟 7.relate to 理解;与……有关 8.bring ... into focus 使……成为焦点 9.serve the people heart and soul 全心全意为人民服务 介词短语和其他 10.be aware of　　　　　意识到 11.be about to do 即将,正要做 12.be known as 被认为是 13.in charge of 掌控 14.ahead of time 提前 15.up to sb. 取决于某人 16.like no other 与众不同 17.in search of 寻找,寻求 18.if necessary 如果有必要 19.on the horizon 在地平线上 20.in broad daylight 在大白天 9.短语1　result in 导致;造成 (lead to/contribute to) 1)result from ...由……造成;起因于…… 2)as a result of由于;作为……的结果 as a result结果;因此 with the result that ...结果是…… ①Not only did the festival immerse us in diverse cultures, but it also resulted ____________ mutual understanding and friendship.文化节不仅使我们浸润在不同的文化中,也促进了彼此的理解和友谊。(2022·浙江卷电子邮件) ②____________ a result, he was right, and we have become friends for life.结果他是对的,我们成了终生的朋友。(2022·浙江卷续写) 10.短语2　in search of 寻找;寻求 1)in the/one’s search for寻找 in search of搜寻,寻找 2)search sth./sb.搜查某物/搜某人的身 search for=look for寻找;探索 search ...for ...为找到……而搜查…… search sth. out翻出某物 ①I searched the Internet ____________ the train schedule and some hotel information.我在网上搜索火车时刻表和一些旅馆信息。(日记) ②While Jane was searching for something to eat, the rescue workers were in search of her.当简在寻找东西吃的同时,营救人员正在搜寻她。(浙江卷续写脱困) ③I searched the drawers, and combed the floor, turning the room upside down.我翻遍了抽屉,搜遍了地板,把房间搜了个底朝天。(续写动作描写) 11.句式1　the+序数词+动词不定式作后置定语 Vasco da Gama (1460-1524) was a Portuguese explorer and the first European to reach India by sea.瓦斯科·达·伽马 (1460-1524)是一位葡萄牙探险家,是第一个通过海路到达印度的欧洲人。   1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级、the next、the only、the right、the last等修饰,且该中心词是作定语的非谓语动词的执行者时,常用不定式作后置定语。 2)动词不定式作定语常用来修饰ability、chance、opportunity、need、way、wish、effort、right、ambition、 patience、anxiety、attempt等名词。 ①Personally, I think I am the best person to take up the job.就个人而言,我认为我是做这个工作的最佳人选。(全国卷Ⅰ申请信) ②You’d always be the first ____________ (offer) to help, for which I was quite grateful.你总是第一个主动提出帮忙,对此我非常感激。(感谢信) ③Suddenly, before he had a chance ____________ (think), Chet was in the water, swimming as fast as he could toward Sid.切特还没来得及想,就突然跳进了水里,拼命地向希德游去。(续写动作描写) 12.句式2　现在分词作结果状语 Christopher Columbus (1451-1506) was an Italian explorer who completed journeys between Spain and the Americas, thus marking the beginning of European exploration of the Americas. 克里斯多弗·哥伦布(1451-1506)是一位意大利探险家,他完成了西班牙和美洲之间的航行,从此标志着欧洲对美洲的探索的开始。  1)现在分词作结果状语常表意料、情理之中的结果,这种分词的逻辑主语可以是句子的主语也可以是整个主句。 2)不定式作结果状语常用于only to do结构中表出乎意料的结果,意为“不料……/结果却……”。 ①The polar bear approached us, making us freeze with fear.北极熊向我们逼近,把我们吓呆了。(浙江卷续写情感描写) ②I jumped into the house with joy, only ____________ (find) nobody in.我开心地蹦蹦跳跳地进了家门,却发现家里空无一人。(续写情感描写) 答案:9.①in　②As　10.①for　11.②to offer　③to think　12.②to find 　提分背案3　练背读后续写满分素材 ——描述人物的“好奇、困惑” 形容词/副词 curious, puzzled, confused, curiously 名词 curiosity, puzzle, confusion 脸 ①a look of curiosity/confusion好奇/困惑的表情; ②one’s face eager with curiosity脸上满是好奇的渴望 眼 ①eye curiously好奇地打量; ②gaze at/keep one’s eyes on ... with curiosity好奇地盯着……; ③raise one’s eyebrows扬眉 声音 one’s voice be alive with curiosity声音里满是好奇 其他 ①curiosity gets/got the better of sb.好奇心占了上风; ②out of curiosity由于好奇; ③burn with curiosity满是好奇; ④stare/look at sb./sth.with curiosity好奇地看着某人/某物; ⑤driven by curiosity受好奇心驱使; ⑥contain one’s curiosity抑制某人的好奇心; ⑦arouse/raise/satisfy one’s curiosity引起/满足某人的好奇心 用表“好奇、困惑”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵 微场景33 | “节日礼物”主题中的“好奇” When presents began gathering under the tree, none matched the size and shape of a jewelry box that might contain a watch. However, one with my name on it did ①___________________________ (引起我的好奇心). Mama had wrapped it well with thick paper, and the few times I could steal to the back of the tree to check it out failed to give me any clues about its identity. ②___________________________ (我越发好奇,无灵主语句). Christmas seemed so far away. ③___________________________ (最后我还是按捺不住好奇心) and I opened the box and peeped inside. 微场景34 | “个人经历”主题中的“好奇、困惑” She sat near the window and looked out, only to find a golden house shining in the morning sun. ④___________________________ (她睁大眼睛,无灵主语句). Never had she seen such an amazing golden house before. Eventually, ⑤_________________________________________________ (好奇心促使她一跃而起,无灵主语句) and dash out. ⑥___________________________ (眼里闪烁着好奇,独立主格), she ran across the field until she reached the door of the house. She stopped at the door and stared at it with curiosity. ⑦_________________________________________________ (脸上满是困惑和好奇,无灵主语句). 答案:①raise my curiosity　②My curiosity grew　③My curiosity finally got the better of me　④Her eyes widened　⑤her curiosity drove her to leap to her feet　⑥Curiosity twinkling in her eyes　⑦Confusion and curiosity were written over her face 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$