精品解析：广东省深圳实验学校高中部2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（含听力）

2024年深圳实验学校高中部高一年级期末考试 英语 试卷共12页，卷面满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡指定区域。 2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，留存试卷，交回答题卡。 第一部分 听力理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 第一节 每段对话仅读一遍 听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When did the man visit the National Park? A. Last September. B. Last December. C. This July. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Did you go to the National Park on vacation last year? M: I couldn’t make it last September, but I finally went there three months later and I plan to visit it again this July. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman think of Olivia? A. She is quiet. B. She is sociable. C. She is talkative. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: We’ve got two girls in in our research group, Miranda and Olivia. Do you know them? W: Sure, Miranda is sociable and the most talkative girl I’ve ever met. But guess what? Olivia is just the opposite. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man do this Tuesday? A. Attend an interview. B. Meet his doctor. C. Deliver a speech. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Here is this week’s schedule, Mr Thorndyke, on Monday there is the TV interview. Your speech to the Asia society is on Tuesday afternoon. Then on Wednesday you have an appointment with your doctor and… M: Wait, you mean the video conference on Tuesday is cancelled. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the man’s chief consideration in choosing the cottage? A. Its location. B. Its comfort. C. Its facilities. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: It is just the holiday home where I can look out to the ocean. M: That’s why I chose this coastal cottage. It has one of the best sea views across the bay. 第二节 每段对话仅读一遍 听下面对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从所听到的内容中获取信息，回答相应小题。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 5. What is the man’s attitude towards his job? A. He is tired of the same old routine. B. He is curious about his job prospect. C. He is enthusiastic about this demanding job. 6. How old is the man? A. 25. B. 40. C. 65. 【答案】5. C 6. C 【解析】 【原文】M: I’m a sales representative. I have traveled to 45 countries. W: What does a sales representative do? M: Sales representative sell products or services to potential buyers and negotiate sales terms. It’s a profession where hard work and problem solving pay off. W: Don’t you get tired of travelling? M: Not at all. It’s been forty years since l started the job, but l still feel like that 25 year old guy. W: Lucky you. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 7. What do the speakers mainly talk about? A. Smart cities. B. Information safety. C. Energy production. 8. Which is among the man’s research focuses? A. Data management. B. Equality promotion. C. Traffic release. 9. What does the man mean in the end? A. Personal information can be secured. B. Greater security can be achieved. C. Data leakage will never happen. 【答案】7. A 8. C 9. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Professor Johnson, could you please share your thoughts on building smart cities? M: Thank you, Jane. I’ve been looking forward to our interview for some time. W: First, in what ways do you believe that smart cities will work for the development of human beings? M: As a technolozicalopimis.my research focuses on finding efficiencies in waste management and the implications for energy production as well as using AI and automation to release heavy traffic. W: Great, going beyond the sustainability, do you believe smart cities will boost equality and tolerance? W: I do, but those questions are a bit outside of my wheelhouse. Fortunately, there are some great minds dealing with them as we speak. W: What about the claim that smart cities are data leakage waiting to happen? M: They are not unreasonable concerns. Our personal information can never be 100% percent secure. But by harmonizing our system to work together effectively, we can provide greater security. W: Thank you for accepting our interview, Professor Johnson. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. How many parcels are expected to be delivered this year? A. 30.8 billion. B. 83 billion. C. 95.5 billion. 11. What will be done to encourage greener packaging? A. All packages will be wrapped only once. B. 2,000 boxes recycle stations will be built. C. New energy vehicles will be used to deliver packages. 12. What is on the list? A. The wrapping products. B. The locations of recycle stations. C. The types of new energy vehicles. 【答案】10. C 11. C 12. A 【解析】 【原文】China’s delivery service regulator plans to facilitate continued growth of the industry this year, with more parcels handled, while at the same time prompting more environmentally friendly packaging. The goals were announced at the annual conference of the State Post Bureau in Beijing on Monday. The industry is expected to see continued growth in express deliveries this year, with 95.5 billion parcels forecast to be delivered, a year-on-year increase of 15 percent. China handled 83 billion packages last year, a year-on-year rise of 30.8 percent, the bureau said. Goals have also been set to encourage greener packaging of deliveries. Some 5 million recycled boxes are expected to be used and 20,000 stations will be built by China Post to collect used packaging. 80 percent of packages ordered from online shops will not be wrapped a second time for transportation. The bureau will also encourage companies to use new energy vehicles to deliver packages. To establish a standard for best practice, the bureau and the State Administration for Market Regulation released a list of green wrapping products. The products on the list, which bear a special logo, range from wrapping bags and boxes to tape. Delivery enterprises are being encouraged to use products on the list. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What does ASO-S mainly do? A. Do solar observation. B. Study Earth’s atmosphere. C. Make weather forecasting. 14. How long will ASO-S stay in orbit at least? A. Four years. B. Forty hours. C. Seventy years. 15. Why is ASO-S so meaningful? A. It can block the sun’s radiation. B. It may fill China’s gap in the field. C. It is the first solar satellite globally. 【答案】13. A 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【原文】NANJING－China’s first solar satellite, ASO-S, is scheduled to launch in the first half of 2022, marking the country’s first-ever mission to observe the sun. The satellite will operate in an orbit above Earth to maintain a view of the sun 24 hours a day. It is expected to be in orbit for at least 4 years, according to Gan Weiqun, a researcher from the project. The sun is the only fixed star that can be studied in detail by humans. The vast majority of its radiation is blocked by Earth’s atmosphere. Only by sending satellites into space can a complete picture of the sun be presented for further studies. The satellite will also realize its potential in space weather forecasting. Sun activities can be detected at least 40 hours ahead of their arrival by the satellite. This can help with early warnings of damage to Earth’s environment. Since the 1960s, more than 70 satellites related to solar observation have been launched globally. The ASO-S is expected to fill China’s gap in the field, according to Gan. 第二部分 基础知识（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 单项选择 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 16. — What’s your plan for the holidays? — Well, while you are enjoying yourself on the beach, I ________ on my couch, watching Young Sheldon. A. am sitting B. will be sitting C. will have sat D. would sit 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你假期有什么计划?——你在沙滩上玩的时候，我会坐在沙发上看《小谢尔顿》。A. am sitting 现在进行时；B.will be sitting 将来进行时 ；C. will have sat 将来完成时；D.would sit 过去将来时。将来进行时表示在将来某一时间正在进行的动作，由语意可知，对于即将到来的假期，当你正在沙滩上玩的时候，我会坐在沙发上看《小谢尔顿》。故选B项。 17. The package ____ over 50 pounds was difficult to move ____ we struggled all day. A. was weighed; where B. weighed; why C. weighing; with which D. having weighed; that 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词和定语从句。句意：这个重达50多磅的包裹很难移动，我们吃力地搬了一整天。句子已有谓语动词was，第一空应为非谓语形式，weigh“重达”与package构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语，修饰名词package；第二空：引导定语从句，短语struggle with与……斗争，应用介词with，先行词为The package，指物，作介词with的宾语，应用关系代词which。故选C。 18. Many a house ____ in the powerful earthquake so far, so the homeless survivors have to stay in tents for the time being. A. has been damaged B. were damaged C. was damaged D. have been damaged 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，许多房屋在强烈地震中被破坏，因此无家可归的幸存者不得不暂时住在帐篷里。空处是句子的谓语动词，根据so far可知，句子的时态应为现在完成时，主语house与谓语damage“损害，破坏”构成被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，且many a(许多)+名词单数作主语，谓语动词用单数。故选A。 19. Considering the situation ____ can be done ____ been done to assist the affected communities. A. all; have B. all that; have C. all; has D. all that; has 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和谓语动词。句意：考虑到目前的局势，我们已经尽了一切努力来帮助受影响的社区。第一空：结合句意可知，all作主语，can be done为从句的谓语，定语从句中，all为先行词时只用that，作主语，不可省略；第二空：all作主语，指情况或事情时，主句谓语动词用单数。故选D。 20. The beautiful and charming song has been heard________many times today. A. to broadcast B. being broadcast C. broadcasting D. broadcast 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：这首美丽迷人的歌曲今天已经被播放了很多次。根据句型分析可知，此句考查hear sth. done表“听见某事被做”，为固定动词短语。其中sth.作为hear的宾语，done是过去分词做形容词补充说明sth.的状态。本句hear后的宾语为“the beautiful and charming song ”，提前放句首变为被动句的主语，与broadcast为被动关系，故用过去分词作主语补足语。故选D项。 21. After ____ by the floodwaters, Henan province suffered from serious damages to its scenic spots, many tourists ____ in the disaster region. A. surrounded; were trapped B. being surrounded; trapped C. surrounded; having been trapped D. having been surrounded; were trapped 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在被洪水包围之后，河南省的景点遭受了严重的破坏，许多游客被困在灾区。句中已有谓语动词suffered，且无连词，故空处都应是非谓语形式，第一空：after为介词，后接动词的-ing形式作宾语，Henan province与surround“包围”为被动关系，则使用being done的形式；第二空：tourists与trap“把……困在”为被动关系，则使用过去分词trapped，构成独立主格结构。故选B。 22. To be frank, little do I know whether the project is practical ____. But if you don’t object to it, ____. A. to carry out; neither will I B. to be carried out; so do I C. carrying out; nor do I D. carried out; so it is with me. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词及部分倒装。句意：坦率地说，我不知道这个项目是否可行。但如果你不反对，我也不会。第一空为be adj. to do，主动表被动，故应填to carry out；第二空：结合句意可知空处表示“我也不” ，用部分倒装“neither/nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词等+主语”结构，此处表示将来应用will，故应填neither will I。故选A。 23. Adults, ____ overly concerned with fame and fortune, sometimes fail to see the joy in simple things ____ children do not. A. unless; but B. when; where C. although; and D. even if; unless 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句和定语从句。句意：成年人过分关注名利时，有时看不到简单事物中的快乐，而孩子们却能看到其中的快乐。第一空引导时间状语从句，省略了主语和be动词，表示“当……时候”应用when；第二空引导定语从句，从句完整句子为children do not fail to see the joy，从句缺状语，修饰先行词simple things，指代抽象概念的事物，应用关系副词where。故选B。 24. It must be the reason ____ Dr. Johnson avoided discussing in his lecture ____ led the academic committee to question his research design. A. why; that B. which; which C. which; that D. that; which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和强调句。句意：一定是约翰逊博士在演讲中回避讨论的原因导致学术委员会对他的研究设计提出质疑。第一空引导定语从句修饰先行词reason，且空后discuss（及物动词） 缺少宾语，引导词用关系代词which/that；第二空为强调句：It be+被强调部分+that/who(当强调主语且指人)+其他部分，被强调部分是the reason，用that。故选C。 25. ____ by those she trusted feels as if the world ____ turning its back on her. A. Being let down; were B. Let down; was C. Having let down; was D. Letting down; were 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词及虚拟语气。句意：被她信任的人辜负，感觉好像整个世界都在背弃她。第一空动名词作主语，且let down与she构成被动关系，故用being done形式 ；第二空as if 引导的从句使用虚拟语气，且从句与现在事实相反，be动词用were。故选A。 26. ____ sadly, the little boy raised his head and had the tears ____ down on purpose. A. Seen to cry; fall B. Seen crying; falling C. To be seen crying; falling D. To been seen to cry; fall 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了让别人看到他伤心地哭，小男孩抬起头，故意让眼泪掉下来。第一空结合句意可知“小男孩为了被看见他正哭的很伤心”；根据on purpose表明小男孩的心机，为了被看见，表目的；第二空：结合句意可知“他让自己的眼泪落下来（主动，持续状态）”，应用现在分词形式。故选C。 27. Never had they tasted such strange flavor before ____ was unique to this remote mountain village, ____ ingredients were simple but quite rare. A. that; whose B. as; which C. as; whose D. which; where 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们从来没有尝过这个偏远山村独有的奇怪味道，那些食材简单却很罕见。第一空为关系词引导限制性定语从句，flavor是先行词，从句缺主语，先行词被such修饰时，应使用关系代词 as；第二空为关系词引导非限制性定语从句，mountain village是先行词，它和ingredients为所属关系，所以使用whose作定语引导定语从句。故选C项。 28. A large amount of research suggests that people ____ little about the importance of sustainable living and it’s time we ____ measures to change this situation. A. should care; should take B. have cared; take C. will care; take D. care; took 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和虚拟语气。句意：大量的研究表明，人们很少关心可持续生活的重要性，现在是我们采取措施改变这种状况的时候了。空格1在从句中作谓语，当 suggest意为“暗示； 表明”时，其后的从句不用虚拟语气，本句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；空格2在从句中作谓语，在“It’s（high/about） time that...”句型中，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用过去式或“should＋动词原形”。故选D项。 29. The worsening living conditions on the Carteret Islands finally resulted in ____ we called the relocation of all the islanders, ____ which arose the problem of losing their traditions and celebrations. A. which; at B. what; from C. which; on D. what; in 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句和介词。句意：卡特雷特群岛上日益恶化的生活条件最终导致了我们所说的所有岛民的重新安置，由此产生了失去其传统和庆祝活动的问题。第一空为连接词引导的宾语从句作resulted in的宾语，从句中缺少called的宾语，指的是事情，所以使用连接代词what；第二空为介词与空后的which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代前面提到的内容，结合句意可知，此处应与arise构成固定短语，arise from意为“由……引起”符合句意，所以第二空应为介词from。故选B项。 30. Has the doctor ever encountered a case ____ he was unable to cure the patient ____ their long-standing illness? A. that; of B. when; with C. in which; with D. where; of 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和动词短语。句意：医生是否曾遇到过无法治愈病人长期患病的情况？第一空为关系词引导限制性定语从句，case是先行词，意为“阶段，情况”，是一个抽象名词，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，因此使用关系副词where引导定语从句；第二空为固定短语cure sb of sth意为“治愈某人的病”，所以第二空为介词of。故选D项。 第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A North Rim to reopen on June 2 with limited services available News Release Date: May 17, 2023 Contact: Joëlle Baird, 928-606-3154 Grand Canyon, Ariz The North Rim of Grand Canyon National Park will open as scheduled, on June 2, with limited visitor services and water conservation measures due to a break in the North Rim water pipeline. A landslide from winter storms destroyed more than 300 feet of the North Rim water pipeline. Visitor Services The Grand Canyon Lodge will operate day-use services with limited food and beverage service beginning on June 2. No overnight accommodations will be available until at least July 23, 2023. The North Rim Campground, managed by the National Park Service, will operate as scheduled beginning on June 9 with potable drinking water and toilets available. The public laundry and shower facilities will not be open at least through July 23, 2023. The North Rim Visitor Center and Grand Canyon Conservancy’s bookstore open as usual, 8 am to 6 pm daily, with a variety of ranger programs offered. Visitors exploring the North Rim this summer should be self-sufficient and should bring adequate food and water for the day as services are limited and may be subject to change. Nearby, accommodating is available at the Kaibab Lodge and food services and fuel at the North Rim Country Store. Year-round accommodating, food services and fuel are located 45 miles north of the North Rim at Jacob Lake. As a result of substantial winter rockfall and landslides, trail (步道) repair work on the North Kaibab Trail continues. There is a trail closure in effect on the North Kaibab Trail and it will officially reopen on June 16, 2023. 31. Which was not affected and opens as usual? A. The public laundry. B. The Grand Canyon Lodge. C. The North Kaibab Trail. D. The North Rim Visitor Center. 32. What can we learn about the North Kaibab Trail from the text? A. It offers food service. B. It is around Jacob Lake. C. It is under repair now. D. It opens all the year around. 33. What is the purpose of the text? A. To warn visitors of the oncoming landslide. B. To inform visitors of schedules of some attractions. C. To appeal to more visitors to the Grand Canyon National Park. D. To advertise the products of the Grand Canyon National Park. 【答案】31. D 32. C 33. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国大峡谷公园景点北缘因山体滑坡而对游览的时间和路线做出的调整。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The North Rim Visitor Center and Grand Canyon Conservancy’s bookstore open as usual, 8 am to 6 pm daily, with a variety of ranger programs offered. (北缘游客中心和大峡谷保护协会的书店照常营业，每天早上8点到下午6点，提供各种护林员项目)”可知，北缘游客中心和大峡谷保护协会里的书店照常开放，没有调整。故选D。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“As a result of substantial winter rockfall and landslides, trail (步道) repair work on the North Kaibab Trail continues. (由于冬季大量的岩崩和山体滑坡，北凯巴布步道的道路修复工作仍在继续)”可知，北凯巴布步道的修复工作仍在继续。故选C。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据Grand Canyon, Ariz下“The North Rim of Grand Canyon National Park will open as scheduled, on June 2, with limited visitor services and water conservation measures due to a break in the North Rim water pipeline. (大峡谷国家公园北缘将于6月2日如期开放，但由于北缘输水管道断裂，游客服务受到限制，并采取了节约用水的措施)”及全文内容可知，本文写作目的是为了告诉游客美国大峡谷公园景点北缘因山体滑坡而对游览的时间和路线做出的调整。故选B。 B Josefa Marin went to New York from Mexico in 1987, supporting her daughter back home with the $140 a week she earned at a sweater factory. With that small income, she had to collect recyclables, trading in cans for five cents each. When the clothing factory closed down in the late 2000s, she became a full-time recycler, picking up cans and bottles to make ends meet. Marin’s story is not unique. Millions around the world make a living from picking through waste and reselling it — a vital role that keeps waste manageable. In New York City, the administrative department collects only about 28 percent of the cans that could be recycled. Rubbish collectors keep millions of additional recyclables out of landfills every year. Yet collectors are ruled out by government policies. The United States Supreme Court in 1988 stated that household garbage is public property once it’s on the street. That enables police to search rubbish for evidence, but that protection hasn’t always been extended to recyclers. And in places like New York City, which is testing city-owned locked containers to hide garbage from rats, containers are made clearly inaccessible for collectors. “There’s value in the waste, and we feel that value should belong to the people, not the city or the corporations”, says Ryan Castalia, director of a nonprofit recycling and community center in Brooklyn. Recognized or not, waste pickers have long been treated with disrespect. Marin recalls an occasion when someone living next to a building where she was collecting cans threw water at her. “Because I recycle it doesn’t mean I am less of a person than anyone else,” she says. Some governments are starting to realize that protecting the environment and humanity go hand in hand. The United Nation’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, for example, calls for an end to poverty and all the risks it brings. 34. What is the author’s purpose of telling about Marin? A. To highlight waste collectors’ role. B. To reflect laid-off workers’ hardship. C. To praise her devotion to her daughter. D. To show the seriousness of unemployment. 35. How does the author show the importance of waste pickers’ work? A. By contrasting. B. By citing reference. C. By giving definitions. D. By cause-effect analysis. 36. What would Marin agree with? A. Business is business. B. No job is noble or humble. C. The early bird catches worms. D. One good turn deserves another. 37. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. The Legal Battles Over Public Garbage Ownership B. The History of Recycling Laws in the United States C. The Rise of Corporate Recycling Programs in New York D. The Struggles and Contributions of New York’s Recyclers 【答案】34. A 35. A 36. B 37. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过马林的故事讲述了拾荒者对于垃圾回收利用所起到的作用，以及他们面临的难题。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一、二段马林的故事和第三段“Marin’s story is not unique. Millions around the world make a living from picking through waste and reselling it – a vital role that keeps waste manageable. In New York City, the administrative department collects only about 28 percent of the cans that could be recycled. Rubbish collectors keep millions of additional recyclables out of landfills every year. (马林的故事并非个例。世界各地有数百万人通过捡垃圾和转售来谋生——这是保持垃圾可管理的重要角色。在纽约市，管理部门只收集了28%可以回收的易拉罐。垃圾收集者每年从垃圾填埋场中取出数百万件可回收物品。)”可以推论出，作者讲述马林的故事目的是突出拾荒者的作用。故选A项。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的句子“In New York City, the administrative department collects only about 28 percent of the cans that could be recycled. Rubbish collectors keep millions of additional recyclables out of landfills every year. (在纽约市，管理部门只收集了28%可以回收的易拉罐。垃圾收集者每年从垃圾填埋场中取出数百万件可回收物品。)”可知，作者是通过对比来说明垃圾收集者的重要性。故选A项。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Recognized or not, waste pickers have long been treated with disrespect. Marin recalls an occasion when someone living next to a building where she was collecting cans threw water at her. “Because I recycle it doesn’t mean I am less of a person than anyone else,” she says. (不管承认与否，拾荒者长期以来一直受到不尊重。马林回忆说，有一次，她正在收集易拉罐，隔壁的人向她泼水。她说:“因为我回收利用，并不意味着我比其他人更不像一个人。”)”可知，马林认为工作没有高低贵贱之分。故选B项。 【37题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一、二段马林的故事和第三段“Marin’s story is not unique. Millions around the world make a living from picking through waste and reselling it – a vital role that keeps waste manageable. In New York City, the administrative department collects only about 28 percent of the cans that could be recycled. Rubbish collectors keep millions of additional recyclables out of landfills every year. (马林的故事并非个例。世界各地有数百万人通过捡垃圾和转售来谋生——这是保持垃圾可管理的重要角色。在纽约市，管理部门只收集了28%可以回收的易拉罐。垃圾收集者每年从垃圾填埋场中取出数百万件可回收物品。)”可知，本文主要通过马林的故事讲述了拾荒者对于垃圾回收利用所起到的作用，以及他们面临的难题。所以，用D项“The Struggles and Contributions of New York’s Recyclers”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选D项。 C There has been tremendous concern recently over misinformation on social media. This concern is quite justifiable, as the consequences of believing false information are greatly affecting the individual and collective health. Many people tend to fall for misinformation they encounter online. There is one influential explanation for this phenomenon. As the thinking goes someone, who possesses very limited skills in finding and consuming digital content, creating digital content, and communicating it, is likely to have difficulty recognizing false information and thus is more vulnerable to believing false information. As a result, these less digitally literate people may play a significant part in the spread of misinformation. This argument sounds perfectly plausible. Yet very little research has actually investigated the link between digital literacy and the vulnerability to believing false information. There’s even less understanding of the potential link between digital literacy and what people share on social media. A group of MIT researchers explored these potential associations by surveying 1,341 Americans. In the experiment, the researchers first showed the participants two dozen news headlines about politics, half of which were accurate, and half of which were false. In the second phase, they included a series of tests: having the participants report their familiarity with various Internet-related terms and answer questions about how social media platforms decide what to show in their newsfeeds. At last, the participants were required to assess the accuracy of a set of headlines and point out their likelihood of sharing each headline on social media. The researchers found “clear evidence” that digital literacy was a strong predictor of accuracy discernment (识别能力). However, the results were “strikingly different” regarding sharing discernment. Digitally literate subjects were just as likely to share inaccurate information. Most surprisingly, even people with high digital literacy were not immune from clicking “share” for false news. This sounds odd. Although most people don’t want to spread misinformation, social media is distracting: people are scrolling quickly, and their attention is drawn to social validation (社会认知度), such as how many likes their posts will get. So make sure a certain post is accurate before you click the “share” button. 38. What does the popular theory about people’s believing online misinformation highlight? A. The ability to engage in the digital spaces. B. The popularity of consuming digital content. C. The low cost of spreading misinformation online. D. The significance of limiting fake information online. 39. What does the word “plausible” underlined in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Distinctive. B. Sensible. C. Distant. D. Meaningful. 40. What did the researchers aim to do in the second phase of the study? A. Test respondents’ attitudes towards political news. B. Figure out respondents’ favorite online content. C. Assess respondents’ willingness to share posts. D. Determine respondents’ levels of digital literacy. 41. What can the researchers conclude about digital literacy from the experiment? A. It can be enhanced through practice. B. It varies due to people’s political beliefs. C. It doesn’t stop the spread of misinformation. D. It isn’t helpful in identifying misinformation. 【答案】38. A 39. B 40. D 41. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家通过实验揭示出人们识别不出网上虚假信息的原因是因为他们的注意力被社会认可所吸引造成的，而不是与数字素养有关。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“As the thinking goes, someone, who possesses very limited skills in finding and consuming digital content, creating digital content, and communicating it, is likely to have difficulty recognizing false information and thus is more vulnerable to believing false information. As a result, these less digitally literate people may play a significant part in the spread of misinformation.(按照这种思路，一个人在发现和消费数字内容、创造数字内容和传播数字内容方面的技能非常有限，他很可能难以识别虚假信息，因此更容易相信虚假信息。因此，这些不太懂数字的人可能会在错误信息的传播中发挥重要作用。)”可知，关于人们相信网络错误信息的流行理论强调了参与数字空间的能力。故选A项。 【39题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段划线单词后“Yet very little research has actually investigated the link between digital literacy and the vulnerability to believing false information.(然而，很少有研究真正调查了数字素养与容易相信虚假信息之间的联系。)”可知，前后句之间为转折关系，说明这个论点只是表面上听起来很有道理，实际上却很少有研究真正调查了数字素养与容易相信虚假信息之间的联系，推断出plausible意为“有道理”，和sensible意思一致。故选B项。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“In the second phase, they included a series of tests: having the participants report their familiarity with various Internet-related terms and answer questions about how social media platforms decide what to show in their newsfeeds. At last, the participants were required to assess the accuracy of a set of headlines and point out their likelihood of sharing each headline on social media.(在第二阶段，他们进行了一系列测试：让参与者报告他们对各种互联网相关术语的熟悉程度，并回答有关社交媒体平台如何决定在其新闻推送中显示哪些内容的问题。最后，参与者被要求评估一组标题的准确性，并指出他们在社交媒体上分享这些标题的可能性。)”可知，研究人员在研究的第二阶段做测试的目的是确定受访者的数字素养水平。故选D项。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Most surprisingly, even people with high digital literacy were not immune from clicking “share” for false news.(最令人惊讶的是，即使是数字素养高的人也无法避免点击“分享”来获取虚假新闻。)”可知，从实验中，研究人员可以得出关于数字素养的结论是这并不能阻止错误信息的传播。故选C项。 D We credit Socrates with the insight that “the unexamined life is not worth living,” and that to “know thyself” is the path to true wisdom. But when it comes to introspection (内省), you might easily slip into the “rumination” (沉思) mode. This pattern is likely to cause you to become stuck in the rut of your own thoughts and absorbed in the emotions that might lead you to a wrong way. Research has also shown that people who are likely to ruminate are often at a substantially increased risk of depression. Instead, scientific research suggests that you should adopt an ancient method favored by the likes of Julius Caesar, known as “illeism” which was coined in 1809 from the Latin “ille” meaning “he”. The point of adopting this third person thinking is that such a small change can clear your emotional fog, allowing you to see your biases and helping you know the limits of your understanding of the problem at hand. A study finds that illeism can also bring long-term benefits to wise reasoning (including elements like taking the perspective of others, recognizing uncertainty, and so on). The finding is the brainchild of Igor Grossmann, a psychologist. According to Grossmann, wise reasoning had long been considered too vague for scientific enquiry. In one of his earlier experiments, he established that as with IQ, the scores of wise reasoning could be achieved and were meaningful. Grossmann’s latest research team asked nearly 300 participants to describe a challenging social situation, and two psychologists graded them on different aspects of wise reasoning. The participants then had to keep a diary for four weeks. Each day, they had to describe a situation they’d just experienced, such as a disagreement with someone. Half were prompted to do so in the first person, while the others were encouraged to describe their situations from a third person perspective. At the end of the study, all participants repeated the wise reasoning test. While the control group showed no overall change in their wise reasoning scores, those using illeism improved on their perspective taking and capacity to find a compromise. Grossmann’s work continues to prove that the subject of wisdom is worthy of experimental studies, indicating wiser reasoning is within everyone’s power. 42. What can be learned about ruminative thinking? A. It’s often adopted by negative people. B. It causes people to become self-centered. C. It’s far from an advisable tackling strategy. D. It ignores people’s inner thoughts and feelings. 43. Which of the following shows the advantage of illeism? A. Helping people win in an argument. B. Enabling people to stabilize their emotions. C. Encouraging people to see their own strengths. D. Offering people a fresh perspective of viewing issues. 44. What do Grossman’s statements in paragraph 4 imply? A. Various factors can develop wise reasoning. B. People’s wise reasoning can be measurable. C. The study of wisdom is rather complicated. D. Wise reasoning’s benefits are scientifically proven. 45. How do the researchers come to the conclusion of their study? A. By assessing diary keeping’s impact on reasoning. B. By comparing each participant’s two sets of scores. C. By testing participants’ ability to handle disagreements. D. By gaining participants’ attitudes to the first person thinking. 【答案】42 C 43. D 44. B 45. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“沉思”思维模式的特点以及研究过程。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“But when it comes to introspection (内省), you might easily slip into the “rumination” (沉思) mode. This pattern is likely to cause you to become stuck in the rut of your own thoughts and absorbed in the emotions that might lead you to a wrong way. Research has also shown that people who are likely to ruminate are often at a substantially increased risk of depression.(但当涉及到内省时，你可能很容易陷入“沉思”模式。这种模式很可能会让你陷入自己思想的窠梏中，沉浸在可能把你引向错误道路的情绪中。研究还表明，容易沉思的人患抑郁症的风险通常会大大增加)”可知，沉思思维远不是一个明智的应对策略。故选C。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The point of adopting this third person thinking is that such a small change can clear your emotional fog, allowing you to see your biases and helping you know the limits of your understanding of the problem at hand.(采用这种第三人称思维的关键是，这样一个小小的改变可以清除你的情绪迷雾，让你看到自己的偏见，帮助你了解自己对手头问题的理解的局限性)”可知，好处是为人们提供看待问题的新视角。故选D。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“In one of his earlier experiments, he established that as with IQ, the scores of wise reasoning could be achieved and were meaningful.(在他早期的一项实验中，他证实了与智商一样，智慧推理的得分是可以达到的，而且是有意义的)”可知，人们明智的推理是可以衡量的。故选B。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Grossmann’s latest research team asked nearly 300 participants to describe a challenging social situation, and two psychologists graded them on different aspects of wise reasoning. The participants then had to keep a diary for four weeks. Each day, they had to describe a situation they’d just experienced, such as a disagreement with someone. Half were prompted to do so in the first person, while the others were encouraged to describe their situations from a third person perspective. At the end of the study, all participants repeated the wise reasoning test.(格罗斯曼的最新研究小组要求近300名参与者描述一个具有挑战性的社会情境，两位心理学家根据明智推理的不同方面对他们进行评分。然后，参与者必须在四周内记日记。每天，他们都要描述一个他们刚刚经历过的情况，比如与某人意见不合。一半的人被要求用第一人称描述，而另一半则被鼓励用第三人称描述他们的情况。在研究结束时，所有参与者都重复了明智推理测试)”以及倒数第二段“While the control group showed no overall change in their wise reasoning scores, those using illeism improved on their perspective taking and capacity to find a compromise.(虽然控制组的明智推理得分没有整体变化，但那些使用非法行为的人在观点和找到妥协的能力方面有所提高)”可知，研究人员通过比较每个参与者的两组分数得出他们的研究结论。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Recently, I carried out an investigation to discover what it was that prevented people from journalling. ____46____ So, today, I want to introduce a very simple tool—The MicroMOVEment Wheel. It will help you pick up your journal even at times when you really don’t feel like it. ____47____ She describes creating this method so she could use it as a creative planning tool for her writing projects and goals. While it was originally aimed at writers, you can use this technique to help you complete any project in a fun and creative way. ____48____ Here’s how it works. Take a blank sheet of paper and: draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle. In the centre circle, write down what you are inspired to achieve. Remember, journalling does not need to feel like a chore in your day. So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energising. ____49____ These are what SARK refers to as the MicroMOVEments. Each MicroMOVEment is five minutes in length. So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day. Let’s say you’ re new to journalling. By setting aside five minutes out of your day, you could write one word in your notebook that sums up a feeling or an experience. ____50____ The idea of the MicroMOVEment is to create easy steps to get your journal writing or writing projects moving. When you keep the steps small, it will become doable and achievable. A. Next, divide the rest of the circle into eight equal parts. B. It is the brainchild of international bestselling writer SARK. C. There are no hard-and-fast rules when it comes to journalling. D. Where to start and not having enough time were amongst the top responses. E. Daily tasks such as sweeping and washing are time-consuming and laborious. F. Then list any associated words, images or thoughts that are generated by the word. G. The medicine with this approach is breaking your actions down into the tiniest steps. 【答案】46. D 47. B 48. G 49. A 50. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为The MicroMOVEment Wheel的方法可以让人坚持写日记。 【46题详解】 根据上文“Recently, I carried out an investigation to discover what it was that prevented people from journalling.(最近，我进行了一项调查，以发现是什么阻碍了人们写日记)”可知，本句应承接上文，说明调查阻碍人们写日记问题的回答。故D选项“从哪里开始和没有足够的时间是最主要的回答”符合语境，故选D。 【47题详解】 根据上一段“So, today, I want to introduce a very simple tool—The MicroMOVEment Wheel. It will help you pick up your journal even at times when you really don’t feel like it.(所以，今天，我想介绍一个非常简单的工具——微动轮。它会帮助你拿起你的日记，即使有时你真的不喜欢它)”后文“She describes creating this method so she could use it as a creative planning tool for her writing projects and goals. While it was originally aimed at writers, you can use this technique to help you complete any project in a fun and creative way.(她描述了创造这种方法，以便她可以将其作为写作项目和目标的创造性规划工具。虽然它最初是针对作家的，但您可以使用此技术以有趣和创造性的方式帮助您完成任何项目)”可知，本句主要是在说明上文提到的MicroMOVEment是谁提出的，B选项SARK对应后文She。故B选项“它是国际畅销书作家SARK的创意”符合语境，故选B。 【48题详解】 根据后文“Here’s how it works. Take a blank sheet of paper and: draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle. In the centre circle, write down what you are inspired to achieve. Remember, journalling does not need to feel like a chore in your day. So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energising.(下面是它的工作原理。拿一张白纸，画一个大圆圈，然后在中间再画一个小圆圈。在中间的圆圈里，写下你想要实现的目标。记住，写日记不需要让你觉得每天都是一件苦差事。所以，为你的日记想出一个鼓舞人心、充满活力的描述)”以及后文“So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day. (所以，在写日记的情况下，这意味着在任何一天，一次至少要写5分钟的日记)”可知，本段主要介绍了工作原理，且后文提到了写日记的小步骤，可推测是把写日记的动作进行分解，故G选项“这种方法的妙处是把你的行动分解成最微小的步骤”符合语境，故选G。 【49题详解】 根据上文“Take a blank sheet of paper and: draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle. In the centre circle, write down what you are inspired to achieve. Remember, journalling does not need to feel like a chore in your day. So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energising.(拿一张白纸，画一个大圆圈，然后在中间再画一个小圆圈。在中间的圆圈里，写下你想要实现的目标。记住，写日记不需要让你觉得每天都是一件苦差事。所以，为你的日记想出一个鼓舞人心、充满活力的描述)”以及后文“These are what SARK refers to as the MicroMOVEments. Each MicroMOVEment is five minutes in length. So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day.(这就是SARK所说的微运动。每个MicroMOVEment的长度为5分钟。所以，在写日记的情况下，这意味着在任何一天，一次至少要写5分钟的日记)”可知，上文提到了画圆，在中间的圆圈里，写下你想要实现的目标，故本句应当是在说明接下来的步骤。故A选项“接下来，把剩下的圆分成8等份”符合语境，故选A。 【50题详解】 根据上文“Let’s say you’ re new to journalling. By setting aside five minutes out of your day, you could write one word in your notebook that sums up a feeling or an experience.(假设你刚开始写日记。每天抽出五分钟，你可以在笔记本上写下一个词来总结你的感受或经历)”以及后文“The idea of the MicroMOVEment is to create easy steps to get your journal writing or writing projects moving.(微运动的理念是创造简单的步骤，让你的日记写作或写作项目动起来)”可知，上文提到了第一步，故本句是在说明接下来该怎么做，故F选项“然后，列出与这个词相关的单词、图像或想法”符合语境，故选F。 第四部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was first going into this final day, the Junior Sled Dog Championship. We’d trained two years and wanted to beat Blake. I knelt down to pat Kenai and my hands ____51____ from nerves and excitement. Kenai tipped up his face to lick my chin. “You are ____52____, aren’t you?” Just before the countdown started, Blake shot me a ____53____ grin, hands trembling too. Then I heard, “Go!” ____54____ I could yell “Hike!”, Kenai leaped forward. The rest of the dogs ____55____ after. We started last. We flew down the long hill. Then we ____56____ a corner. I leaned to keep the sled steady. Kenai saw Blake’s team before I did. His tail flew up, and he ____57____. Seeing his tongue still flopping forward, I let him go all out. We closed the ____58____. A bridge later, we inched closer. On the next hill, Kenai drew even with Blake’s sled and then we passed it. ____59____ our sled hit a branch. The runners caught. I lost my ____60____ and fell off the sled. Witnessing the sled come to a stop, I struggled through the deep snow to Kenai. I ____61____. His shoulder was bleeding. “Kenail! No!”, My voice came out a howl. Kenai ____62____ to stand. He looked at me, his blue eyes ____63____ to keep on. He would do it, too. For one frozen moment I saw myself on the winner’s stand with the trophy. But no, I bent and gently ____64____ Kenai in a blanket. The race vet examining Kenai, I watched Blake accept the trophy. Kenai squirming (扭动) in my lap, I leaned over upon him. Just at that moment, I felt a warm tongue on my wet cheek. I smiled and realized that I had the ____65____ that really counted. 51. A. softened B. shook C. withdrew D. extended 52. A. clever B. thirsty C. helpful D. ready 53. A. broad B. satisfied C. tight D. slight 54. A. As B. Beyond C. Before D. After 55. A. pulled B. charged C. jumped D. barked 56. A. cut B. missed C. kept D. rounded 57. A. took off B. flew away C. turned around D. bent forward 58. A. race B. difference C. gap D. goal 59. A. Suddenly B. Finally C. Gradually D. Occasionally 60. A. way B. hold C. temper D. sight 61. A. quit B. insisted C. sighed D. froze 62. A. struggled B. decided C. refused D. pretended 63. A. forcing B. begging C. ordering D. persuading 64. A. took in B. brought up C. talked to D. wrapped up 65. A. achievement B. companion C. prize D. friendship 【答案】51. B 52. D 53. C 54. C 55. B 56. D 57. A 58. C 59. A 60. B 61. D 62. A 63. B 64. D 65. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一场雪橇狗锦标赛中的情景。主人公希望击败对手Blake，但比赛中发生了意外。最终他们虽未获胜，但体验到了真正的奖励——与Kenai之间深厚的情感纽带。 51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跪下来给Kenai喂食，紧张和激动让我的手都在颤抖。A. softened软化；B. shook颤抖；C. withdrew抽出；D. extended延伸，伸出。根据后文“from nerves and excitement”可知“我”的手是颤抖的。故选B项。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Kenai仰起脸舔我的下巴。“你准备好了，是吧？”A. clever聪明的；B. thirsty渴的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. ready准备的。根据后文“Just before the countdown started”可知在倒计时之前，做起跑准备。故选D项。 【53题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在倒计时开始之前，Blake对我露出了一个紧张的笑容，手也在颤抖。A. broad宽的；B. satisfied满意的；C. tight紧的，紧张的；D. slight轻微的。根据“hands trembling too”可知Blake此刻也是紧张的，因此笑容是紧张的。故选C项。 【54题详解】 考查连词和介词词义辨析。句意：然后我听到“出发！”还没等我喊 “出发！”，Kenai就向前蹿了出去。A. As当……的时候；B. Beyond超越；C. Before在……之前。D. After在……之后。根据前文“Go!”可知在“我”喊出发之前，Kenai听到别人的“出发”后就蹿了出去。故选C项。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：其余的狗紧随其后。A. pulled拉；B. charged猛冲；C. jumped跳；D. barked吠叫。根据后文“On the next hill, Kenai drew even with Blake’s sled and then we passed it.(在下一个山坡上，基奈追平了布莱克的雪橇，然后我们超过了它)”可知很多狗紧随其后一起向前猛冲。故选B项。 【56题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们转过了一个弯。A. cut切；B. missed错过；C. kept保持；D. rounded绕过，环绕。根据前文提到飞快地跑下了长长的山坡，以及此处“ a corner”可知，到转弯处附近转弯。故选D项。 【57题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：它的尾巴翘了起来，飞快地跑开了。A. took off起飞；B. flew away飞走；C. turned around转身；D. bent forward向前弯。根据后文“On the next hill, Kenai drew even with Blake’s sled and then we passed it.”可知Kenai速度飞快很快超过了Blake。故选A项。 【58题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们拉近了差距。A. race赛跑；B. difference不同；C. gap差距；D. goal目标。根据后文“On the next hill, Kenai drew even with Blake’s sled and then we passed it.”可知Kenai速度飞快，拉近了差距，很快超过了Blake。故选C项。 【59题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，我们的雪撬撞上了树枝。A. Suddenly突然；B. Finally最终；C. Gradually逐渐；D. Occasionally偶然。根据后文“our sled hit a branch. The runners caught. ”可知此刻出现了突发状况，我们的雪撬突然撞上了树枝。故选A项。 【60题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没抓住，从雪橇上摔了下来。A. way方式；B. hold抓住，支撑点；C. temper脾气；D. sight视线。根据后文“fell off the sled”可知“我”没抓住，从雪橇上摔了下来。故选B项。 【61题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我愣住了，他的肩膀在流血。A. quit退出；B. insisted坚持说；C. sighed叹气；D. froze愣住。根据后文“His shoulder was bleeding.”可知看到Kenai肩膀流血，“我”很紧张，“我”的反应是愣在原地。故选D项。 【62题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kenai挣扎着站了起来。A. struggled挣扎；B. decided决定；C. refused拒绝；D. pretended假装。根据前文“Witnessing the sled come to a stop, I struggled through the deep snow to Kenai.(眼看着雪橇停了下来，我艰难地穿过厚厚的积雪来到Kenai)”并结合Kinai受伤可知Kenai也挣扎地努力站起来想继续比赛。故选A项。 【63题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看着我，蓝色的眼睛乞求我继续下去。A. forcing迫使；B. begging乞求；C. ordering命令；D. persuading劝说。根据后文“He would do it, too.”可知Kenai想继续下去，乞求“我”继续下去。故选B项。 【64题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我弯下腰，用毯子轻轻地把Kenai裹了起来。A. took in理解；B. brought up抚养长大；C. talked to与……讲话；D. wrapped up包、裹。根据后文“Kenai in a blanke”可知，我们没有赢得比赛，比赛结束后，我用毯子把它包裹起来去看兽医。故选D项。 【65题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我笑了，意识到我得到了真正有价值的奖品。A. achievement成就；B. companion陪伴；C. prize奖；D. friendship友谊。根据前文“For one frozen moment I saw myself on the winner’s stand with the trophy. But no.”可知我们没有赢得比赛，但是最后“我”收获了与Kenai之间深厚的情感纽带，这对“我”而言是真正重要的奖品。故选C项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I remember that every year in lunar December in my hometown, Xinyang, each family begins to prepare bunches of bacon and sausage hanging from yard to yard ____66____ (embrace) the upcoming New Year. Walking in such a street view and sniffing the smell of pickled bacon (腊肉), I always have a sense of ____67____ (happy). Xinyang, located on the boundary between the north and the south, is rich in rice, wheat and fertile land due to its unique ____68____ (geography) position and climate. Therefore, it cultivates the characteristics of Xinyang people who have a good appetite ____69____ delicacies. According to relevant records, the history of Xinyang’s pickled bacon dates back to the Ming Dynasty, ____70____ the locals learned to keep its special taste by preserving it in a special wooden bucket. People in Xinyang love their life so much that even during the toughest times, they still inherited the soul of taste and made delicious pickled bacon. Actually, Xinyang’s pickled bacon is made in ____71____ seemingly simple way by drying the meat in the shade but it brings out the flavor of the food ____72____ (it) and stays with our memory for long. You’ll never become fully conscious of how much you value it until you ____73____ (tear) apart from it. Such is Xinyang’s pickled bacon, one of my ____74____ (forget) memories of my hometown despite time _____75_____ (tick) by. 【答案】66. to embrace 67. happiness 68. geographical 69. for 70. when 71. a 72. itself 73. are torn 74. unforgettable 75. ticking 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了信阳腊肉的历史以及特点。 【66题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我记得，每年农历十二月，在我的家乡信阳，每家每户都开始准备一串串的腊肉和香肠，挂在院子里，迎接即将到来的新年。此处embrace在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to embrace。 【67题详解】 考查名词。句意：走在这样的街景里，闻着腊肉的味道，总有一种幸福的感觉。作介词的宾语，应用名词happiness，不可数。故填happiness。 【68题详解】 考查形容词。句意：信阳位于南北交界处，由于其独特的地理位置和气候，盛产水稻、小麦和肥沃的土地。修饰名词position应用形容词geographical，作定语。故填geographical。 【69题详解】 考查介词。句意：因此，它培养了信阳人对美食有良好胃口的特点。短语have a good appetite for表示“好胃口”。故填for。 【70题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：据有关记载，信阳腌腊肉的历史可以追溯到明代，当时当地人学会了将其保存在一个特殊的木桶中，以保持其特殊的味道。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Ming Dynasty，在从句作时间状语，用关系副词when引导该定语从句，故填when。 【71题详解】 考查冠词。句意：信阳腌腊肉的制作方法看似简单，只是把肉放在阴凉处晾干，但却能把食物本身的味道带出来，让人久久不能忘怀。way为泛指，且seemingly是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 【72题详解】 考查代词。句意：信阳腌腊肉的制作方法看似简单，只是把肉放在阴凉处晾干，但却能把食物本身的味道带出来，让人久久不能忘怀。此处指事物本身，应用反身代词itself。故填itself。 【73题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：你永远不会完全意识到你有多珍惜它，直到你和它分开。主语you与谓语tear apart构成被动关系，且为主将从现，从句用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填are torn。 【74题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这就是信阳的腌腊肉，时光荏苒，这是我对家乡最难忘的回忆之一。修饰名词memories，表“难忘的”应用形容词unforgettable。故填unforgettable。 【75题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这就是信阳的腌腊肉，时光荏苒，这是我对家乡最难忘的回忆之一。此处time与tick构成主动关系，故用现在分词，故填ticking。 第五部分 语言基础（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请根据汉语提示和首字母写出句子中所缺的单词，请注意单词的正确形式，并把完整的单词写在答题卷上的相应位置。 76. Fascinated by the stars, the young student aspired to become an a________(宇航员) in the future. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】astronaut##stronaut 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个年轻的学生被星星迷住了，渴望将来成为一名宇航员。此处为名词作表语，根据汉语意思及首字母提示，应该填入名词astronaut，前有an修饰，所以使用名词单数形式。故填astronaut。 77. She kept her hands f__________ (折叠), listening attentively to the teacher as he explained the complex theory. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】folded##olded 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她双手交叉，专心地听老师讲解这个复杂的理论。根据中英文提示可知，空处应用动词fold“折叠”的适当形式，根据空前的“kept her hands”可知，空处应填非谓语动词，构成“keep+宾语+宾补”的结构，宾语hands与空处宾补fold构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式folded作宾补。故填folded。 78. The student’s e_________ (非凡的) effort, which impressed everyone, led to her winning the science fair. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】extraordinary##xtraordinary 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这位学生的非凡努力给人留下了深刻印象，最终使她在科学展览会上获胜。根据汉语意思及首字母提示，应该填入形容词extraordinary“非凡的”，在句中作定语修饰名词effort，故填extraordinary。 79. S_________ (绵延) along the campus pathway, the line of trees provides a scenic route for students walking to classes. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】Stretching##tretching 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：沿着校园道路延伸，树木为学生步行上课提供了一条风景优美的路线。根据首字母和汉语提示“绵延”可知，空格处用动词stretch，空格处是非谓语动词，stretch和句子的主语 the line of trees之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填Stretching。 80. Despite the government’s efforts to stop smoking, many teenagers are still seen purchasing c_________(香烟) from local stores, ignoring the health warnings. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】cigarettes##igarettes 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：尽管政府努力禁烟，许多青少年仍然从当地商店购买香烟，无视健康警告。根据中英文提示可知应用名词cigarette，数量大于一应用复数形式。故填cigarettes。 81. Her homework, a_________ (贴，附) with a note explaining the delay, was finally submitted to the teacher. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】attached##ttached 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：她的家庭作业终于交给了老师，并附上了一张解释延误原因的纸条。根据中英文提示可知应用动词attach，与homework构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填attached。 82. Parents p_________ (允许) to attend the event, the school organized a series of performances showcasing student talent. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】permitted##ermitted 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：家长获准参加活动后，学校组织了一系列展示学生才艺的表演。根据中英文提示可知应用动词permit“允许”，句子已有谓语动词organized，空处应用非谓语形式，与空前parents构成独立主格结构，permit与parents构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式。故填permitted。 83. The scientist, p_________(精确地) analyzing the data, discovered a correlation between climate change and rising sea levels. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】precisely##recisely 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：这位科学家精确地分析了这些数据，发现了气候变化和海平面上升之间的相关性。根据中英文提示可知应用副词precisely，修饰动词analyze，故填precisely。 84. The professor shared a story, r_________(讲述) the impact of technology on modern society, which fascinated the students. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】relating##elating 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：教授讲了一个故事，讲的是科技对现代社会的影响，学生们听得很入迷。根据中英文提示可知应用动词relate，与story构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填relating。 85. The scientist’s groundbreaking discovery, which was achieved through years of dedicated research and _________(坚持不懈) has revolutionized the field of genetics. (根据汉语提示填空) 【答案】perseverance 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位科学家的突破性发现，是通过多年的专注研究和坚持不懈而取得的，它彻底改变了遗传学领域。根据中文提示“坚持不懈”可知，应用名词perseverance，作宾语，不可数。故填perseverance。 第二节 短语填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 从下列所给词组中选用正确的词组并以适当的形式填到句子中，每个词组仅能用一次。 get a load of, on the move, pull one’s weight, succeed in, all of a sudden, sing high praises for, let off steam, move on, reach out to, keep on, account for, look through 86. The experiment seemed to be failing, but __________, the results started to match up with the assumption, surprising the entire research team. 87. Everyone in the committee except the new members, __________ understanding the new policy changes by the time the final review was conducted. 88. Despite the numerous challenges they faced, the team, which __________ innovating and adapting to new situations, eventually found success. 89. When the results were announced, the principal, impressed by the students’ achievements, ________ their outstanding performance. 90. In today’s fast-paced world, technology is constantly evolving, and businesses must stay ________ to remain competitive in the market. 91. During economic booms, innovation often leads to new industries, ________ a significant portion of overall growth. 92. After the challenging exam week, she ________ by painting in her studio, finding peace in her art. 93. Although some members initially seemed unproductive, they eventually ________ and helped complete the task on time. 94. The detective ________ the suspect’s belongings for any clues that could explain the sudden disappearance. 95. The team spent weeks ________ experts worldwide, seeking advice and support to solve the problem. 【答案】86. all of a sudden 87. had succeeded in 88. kept on 89. sang high praises for 90. on the move 91. accounting for 92. let off steam 93. pulled their weight 94. looked through 95. reaching out to 【解析】 【86题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：实验似乎失败了，但突然之间，结果开始与假设相符，让整个研究团队感到惊讶。根据“the results started to match up with the assumption, surprising the entire research team.”以及句意“突然之间”可知应填all of a sudden，故填all of a sudden。 【87题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：委员会中除了新成员外，每个人在最后审查时都成功地理解了新的政策变化。根据“understanding the new policy changes”以及句意“成功”可知应填succeed in，根据by the time the final review was conducted可知为过去完成时，故填had succeeded in。 【88题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：尽管他们面临着许多挑战，但不断创新和适应新情况的团队最终取得了成功。根据“innovating and adapting to new situations, eventually found success”以及句意“不断”可知应填keep on，根据上文faced可知为一般过去时。故填kept on。 【89题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：当成绩公布时，校长对学生们的优异表现赞不绝口。根据“for their outstanding performance”以及句意“赞不绝口”可知应填sing high praises for，根据上文When the results were announced可知为一般过去时。故填sang high praises for。 【90题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：在当今快节奏的世界中，技术不断发展，企业必须保持活力，以保持在市场上的竞争力。根据“In today’s fast-paced world,”以及句意“保持活力”可知应填on the move，故填on the move。 【91题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：在经济繁荣时期，创新往往会带来新的产业，在整体增长中占很大一部分。根据“a significant portion of overall growth”以及句意“占比例”可知应填account for，与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填accounting for。 【92题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：在充满挑战的考试周之后，她通过在工作室里画画来释放压力，在她的艺术中找到平静。根据“by painting in her studio, finding peace in her art”以及句意“释放压力”可知应填let off steam，发生在过去用一般过去时。故填let off steam。 【93题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：虽然有些成员一开始看起来效率不高，但他们最终还是尽了自己的一份力，帮助按时完成了任务。根据“and helped complete the task on time”以及句意“尽了自己的一份力”可知应填pull their weight，根据helped可知为一般过去时。故填pulled their weight。 【94题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：侦探仔细检查了嫌疑犯的随身物品，寻找任何可以解释他突然失踪的线索。根据“the suspect’s belongings for any clues”以及句意“仔细检查”可知应填look through，发生在过去用一般过去时。故填looked through。 【95题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：该团队花了数周时间向世界各地的专家寻求建议和支持，以解决这个问题。根据“experts worldwide, seeking advice and support to solve the problem”以及句意“联系”可知应填reach out to，上文为短语spend time doing sth.。故填reaching out to。 第六部分 写作（共20分） 96. 暑期即将来临，假定你是校学生会主席李华，学生会将在暑期组织学生参加职业体验活动。请写一封倡议书，号召同学们积极参加，内容包括：1.倡议目的；2.活动内容；3.呼吁参加。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Students, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students’ Union 【答案】Dear Students, With summer approaching, the Student’s Union is excited to announce a career experience program aimed at enriching your vacation with practical insights into various professions. Designed to bridge the gap between academic knowledge and real-world application, this initiative provides you with an invaluable opportunity to explore potential career paths and develop essential skills. Various appealing activities will be held in this program ranging from visiting workplaces to hands-on sessions. Additionally, we will organize workshops to enhance your resume writing and interview skills, preparing you for future job opportunities. We strongly encourage all students to participate in this meaningful and rewarding experience. Engaging in this program will definitely broaden your horizons. Join us this summer and take the first step towards a successful professional journey. The Students’ Union 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一封倡议书。要求考生作为学校学生会主席，写一封倡议书，说明学生会将于暑期组织学生参加职业体验活动，写明倡议的目的，活动内容，并呼吁大家积极参加。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： 假期：vacation→holiday 提供：provide→supply 机会：opportunity→chance 有吸引力的：appealing→attractive 加强：enhance→strengthen 鼓励、激励：encourage→inspire 参加：participate in→take part in 2. 句式拓展： 简单句变复合句： 原句：Various appealing activities will be held in this program ranging from visiting workplaces to hands-on sessions. 拓展句：Various appealing activities will be held in this program that range from visiting workplaces to hands-on sessions. 【点睛】【高分句型1】With summer approaching, the Student’s Union is excited to announce a career experience program aimed at enriching your vacation with practical insights into various professions.（运用了with的复合结构作状语，以及过去分词短语作后置定语。） 【高分句型2】Designed to bridge the gap between academic knowledge and real-world application, this initiative provides you with an invaluable opportunity to explore potential career paths and develop essential skills.（运用了过去分词短语作状语，以及动词不定式短语作目的状语。） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null 2024年深圳实验学校高中部高一年级期末考试 英语 试卷共12页，卷面满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡指定区域。 2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，留存试卷，交回答题卡。 第一部分 听力理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 第一节 每段对话仅读一遍 听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When did the man visit the National Park? A. Last September. B. Last December. C. This July. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman think of Olivia? A. She is quiet. B. She is sociable. C. She is talkative. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man do this Tuesday? A. Attend an interview. B. Meet his doctor. C. Deliver a speech. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the man’s chief consideration in choosing the cottage? A. Its location. B. Its comfort. C. Its facilities. 第二节 每段对话仅读一遍 听下面对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从所听到的内容中获取信息，回答相应小题。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 5. What is the man’s attitude towards his job? A. He is tired of the same old routine. B. He is curious about his job prospect. C. He is enthusiastic about this demanding job. 6. How old is the man? A. 25. B. 40. C. 65. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 7. What do the speakers mainly talk about? A. Smart cities. B. Information safety. C. Energy production. 8. Which is among the man’s research focuses? A. Data management. B. Equality promotion. C. Traffic release. 9. What does the man mean in the end? A Personal information can be secured. B. Greater security can be achieved. C. Data leakage will never happen. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. How many parcels are expected to be delivered this year? A. 30.8 billion. B. 83 billion. C. 95.5 billion. 11. What will be done to encourage greener packaging? A. All packages will be wrapped only once. B. 2,000 boxes recycle stations will be built. C. New energy vehicles will be used to deliver packages. 12. What is on the list? A. The wrapping products. B. The locations of recycle stations. C. The types of new energy vehicles. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What does ASO-S mainly do? A. Do solar observation. B. Study Earth’s atmosphere. C. Make weather forecasting. 14. How long will ASO-S stay in orbit at least? A. Four years. B. Forty hours. C. Seventy years. 15. Why is ASO-S so meaningful? A. It can block the sun’s radiation. B. It may fill China’s gap in the field. C. It is the first solar satellite globally. 第二部分 基础知识（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 单项选择 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 16. — What’s your plan for the holidays? — Well, while you are enjoying yourself on the beach, I ________ on my couch, watching Young Sheldon. A. am sitting B. will be sitting C. will have sat D. would sit 17. The package ____ over 50 pounds was difficult to move ____ we struggled all day. A. was weighed; where B. weighed; why C. weighing; with which D. having weighed; that 18. Many a house ____ in the powerful earthquake so far, so the homeless survivors have to stay in tents for the time being. A. has been damaged B. were damaged C. was damaged D. have been damaged 19. Considering the situation ____ can be done ____ been done to assist the affected communities. A. all; have B. all that; have C. all; has D. all that; has 20. The beautiful and charming song has been heard________many times today. A. to broadcast B. being broadcast C. broadcasting D. broadcast 21. After ____ by the floodwaters, Henan province suffered from serious damages to its scenic spots, many tourists ____ in the disaster region. A. surrounded; were trapped B. being surrounded; trapped C. surrounded; having been trapped D. having been surrounded; were trapped 22. To be frank, little do I know whether the project is practical ____. But if you don’t object to it, ____. A. to carry out; neither will I B. to be carried out; so do I C. carrying out; nor do I D. carried out; so it is with me. 23. Adults, ____ overly concerned with fame and fortune, sometimes fail to see the joy in simple things ____ children do not. A. unless; but B. when; where C. although; and D. even if; unless 24 It must be the reason ____ Dr. Johnson avoided discussing in his lecture ____ led the academic committee to question his research design. A. why; that B. which; which C. which; that D. that; which 25. ____ by those she trusted feels as if the world ____ turning its back on her. A. Being let down; were B. Let down; was C. Having let down; was D. Letting down; were 26. ____ sadly, the little boy raised his head and had the tears ____ down on purpose. A. Seen to cry; fall B. Seen crying; falling C. To be seen crying; falling D. To been seen to cry; fall 27. Never had they tasted such strange flavor before ____ was unique to this remote mountain village, ____ ingredients were simple but quite rare. A. that; whose B. as; which C. as; whose D. which; where 28. A large amount of research suggests that people ____ little about the importance of sustainable living and it’s time we ____ measures to change this situation. A. should care; should take B. have cared; take C. will care; take D. care; took 29. The worsening living conditions on the Carteret Islands finally resulted in ____ we called the relocation of all the islanders, ____ which arose the problem of losing their traditions and celebrations. A. which; at B. what; from C. which; on D. what; in 30. Has the doctor ever encountered a case ____ he was unable to cure the patient ____ their long-standing illness? A. that; of B. when; with C. in which; with D. where; of 第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A North Rim to reopen on June 2 with limited services available News Release Date: May 17, 2023 Contact: Joëlle Baird, 928-606-3154 Grand Canyon, Ariz The North Rim of Grand Canyon National Park will open as scheduled, on June 2, with limited visitor services and water conservation measures due to a break in the North Rim water pipeline. A landslide from winter storms destroyed more than 300 feet of the North Rim water pipeline. Visitor Services The Grand Canyon Lodge will operate day-use services with limited food and beverage service beginning on June 2. No overnight accommodations will be available until at least July 23, 2023. The North Rim Campground, managed by the National Park Service, will operate as scheduled beginning on June 9 with potable drinking water and toilets available. The public laundry and shower facilities will not be open at least through July 23, 2023. The North Rim Visitor Center and Grand Canyon Conservancy’s bookstore open as usual 8 am to 6 pm daily, with a variety of ranger programs offered. Visitors exploring the North Rim this summer should be self-sufficient and should bring adequate food and water for the day as services are limited and may be subject to change. Nearby, accommodating is available at the Kaibab Lodge and food services and fuel at the North Rim Country Store. Year-round accommodating, food services and fuel are located 45 miles north of the North Rim at Jacob Lake. As a result of substantial winter rockfall and landslides, trail (步道) repair work on the North Kaibab Trail continues. There is a trail closure in effect on the North Kaibab Trail and it will officially reopen on June 16, 2023. 31. Which was not affected and opens as usual? A. The public laundry. B. The Grand Canyon Lodge. C. The North Kaibab Trail. D. The North Rim Visitor Center. 32. What can we learn about the North Kaibab Trail from the text? A. It offers food service. B. It is around Jacob Lake. C. It is under repair now. D. It opens all the year around. 33. What is the purpose of the text? A. To warn visitors of the oncoming landslide. B. To inform visitors of schedules of some attractions. C. To appeal to more visitors to the Grand Canyon National Park. D. To advertise the products of the Grand Canyon National Park. B Josefa Marin went to New York from Mexico in 1987, supporting her daughter back home with the $140 a week she earned at a sweater factory. With that small income, she had to collect recyclables, trading in cans for five cents each. When the clothing factory closed down in the late 2000s, she became a full-time recycler, picking up cans and bottles to make ends meet. Marin’s story is not unique. Millions around the world make a living from picking through waste and reselling it — a vital role that keeps waste manageable. In New York City, the administrative department collects only about 28 percent of the cans that could be recycled. Rubbish collectors keep millions of additional recyclables out of landfills every year. Yet collectors are ruled out by government policies. The United States Supreme Court in 1988 stated that household garbage is public property once it’s on the street. That enables police to search rubbish for evidence, but that protection hasn’t always been extended to recyclers. And in places like New York City, which is testing city-owned locked containers to hide garbage from rats, containers are made clearly inaccessible for collectors. “There’s value in the waste, and we feel that value should belong to the people, not the city or the corporations”, says Ryan Castalia, director of a nonprofit recycling and community center in Brooklyn. Recognized or not, waste pickers have long been treated with disrespect. Marin recalls an occasion when someone living next to a building where she was collecting cans threw water at her. “Because I recycle it doesn’t mean I am less of a person than anyone else,” she says. Some governments are starting to realize that protecting the environment and humanity go hand in hand. The United Nation’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, for example, calls for an end to poverty and all the risks it brings. 34. What is the author’s purpose of telling about Marin? A. To highlight waste collectors’ role. B. To reflect laid-off workers’ hardship. C. To praise her devotion to her daughter. D. To show the seriousness of unemployment. 35. How does the author show the importance of waste pickers’ work? A. By contrasting. B. By citing reference. C. By giving definitions. D. By cause-effect analysis. 36. What would Marin agree with? A. Business is business. B. No job is noble or humble. C. The early bird catches worms. D. One good turn deserves another. 37. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. The Legal Battles Over Public Garbage Ownership B. The History of Recycling Laws in the United States C. The Rise of Corporate Recycling Programs in New York D. The Struggles and Contributions of New York’s Recyclers C There has been tremendous concern recently over misinformation on social media. This concern is quite justifiable, as the consequences of believing false information are greatly affecting the individual and collective health. Many people tend to fall for misinformation they encounter online. There is one influential explanation for this phenomenon. As the thinking goes, someone, who possesses very limited skills in finding and consuming digital content, creating digital content, and communicating it, is likely to have difficulty recognizing false information and thus is more vulnerable to believing false information. As a result, these less digitally literate people may play a significant part in the spread of misinformation. This argument sounds perfectly plausible. Yet very little research has actually investigated the link between digital literacy and the vulnerability to believing false information. There’s even less understanding of the potential link between digital literacy and what people share on social media. A group of MIT researchers explored these potential associations by surveying 1,341 Americans. In the experiment, the researchers first showed the participants two dozen news headlines about politics, half of which were accurate, and half of which were false. In the second phase, they included a series of tests: having the participants report their familiarity with various Internet-related terms and answer questions about how social media platforms decide what to show in their newsfeeds. At last, the participants were required to assess the accuracy of a set of headlines and point out their likelihood of sharing each headline on social media. The researchers found “clear evidence” that digital literacy was a strong predictor of accuracy discernment (识别能力). However, the results were “strikingly different” regarding sharing discernment. Digitally literate subjects were just as likely to share inaccurate information. Most surprisingly, even people with high digital literacy were not immune from clicking “share” for false news. This sounds odd. Although most people don’t want to spread misinformation social media is distracting: people are scrolling quickly, and their attention is drawn to social validation (社会认知度), such as how many likes their posts will get. So make sure a certain post is accurate before you click the “share” button. 38. What does the popular theory about people’s believing online misinformation highlight? A. The ability to engage in the digital spaces. B. The popularity of consuming digital content. C The low cost of spreading misinformation online. D. The significance of limiting fake information online. 39. What does the word “plausible” underlined in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Distinctive. B. Sensible. C. Distant. D. Meaningful. 40. What did the researchers aim to do in the second phase of the study? A. Test respondents’ attitudes towards political news. B. Figure out respondents’ favorite online content. C. Assess respondents’ willingness to share posts. D. Determine respondents’ levels of digital literacy. 41. What can the researchers conclude about digital literacy from the experiment? A. It can be enhanced through practice. B. It varies due to people’s political beliefs. C. It doesn’t stop the spread of misinformation. D. It isn’t helpful in identifying misinformation. D We credit Socrates with the insight that “the unexamined life is not worth living,” and that to “know thyself” is the path to true wisdom. But when it comes to introspection (内省), you might easily slip into the “rumination” (沉思) mode. This pattern is likely to cause you to become stuck in the rut of your own thoughts and absorbed in the emotions that might lead you to a wrong way. Research has also shown that people who are likely to ruminate are often at a substantially increased risk of depression. Instead, scientific research suggests that you should adopt an ancient method favored by the likes of Julius Caesar, known as “illeism” which was coined in 1809 from the Latin “ille” meaning “he”. The point of adopting this third person thinking is that such a small change can clear your emotional fog, allowing you to see your biases and helping you know the limits of your understanding of the problem at hand. A study finds that illeism can also bring long-term benefits to wise reasoning (including elements like taking the perspective of others, recognizing uncertainty, and so on). The finding is the brainchild of Igor Grossmann, a psychologist. According to Grossmann, wise reasoning had long been considered too vague for scientific enquiry. In one of his earlier experiments, he established that as with IQ, the scores of wise reasoning could be achieved and were meaningful. Grossmann’s latest research team asked nearly 300 participants to describe a challenging social situation, and two psychologists graded them on different aspects of wise reasoning. The participants then had to keep a diary for four weeks. Each day, they had to describe a situation they’d just experienced, such as a disagreement with someone. Half were prompted to do so in the first person, while the others were encouraged to describe their situations from a third person perspective. At the end of the study, all participants repeated the wise reasoning test. While the control group showed no overall change in their wise reasoning scores, those using illeism improved on their perspective taking and capacity to find a compromise. Grossmann’s work continues to prove that the subject of wisdom is worthy of experimental studies, indicating wiser reasoning is within everyone’s power. 42. What can be learned about ruminative thinking? A. It’s often adopted by negative people. B. It causes people to become self-centered. C. It’s far from an advisable tackling strategy. D. It ignores people’s inner thoughts and feelings. 43. Which of the following shows the advantage of illeism? A. Helping people win in an argument. B. Enabling people to stabilize their emotions. C. Encouraging people to see their own strengths. D. Offering people a fresh perspective of viewing issues. 44. What do Grossman’s statements in paragraph 4 imply? A. Various factors can develop wise reasoning. B. People’s wise reasoning can be measurable. C. The study of wisdom is rather complicated. D. Wise reasoning’s benefits are scientifically proven. 45. How do the researchers come to the conclusion of their study? A. By assessing diary keeping’s impact on reasoning. B. By comparing each participant’s two sets of scores. C. By testing participants’ ability to handle disagreements. D. By gaining participants’ attitudes to the first person thinking. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Recently, I carried out an investigation to discover what it was that prevented people from journalling. ____46____ So, today, I want to introduce a very simple tool—The MicroMOVEment Wheel. It will help you pick up your journal even at times when you really don’t feel like it. ____47____ She describes creating this method so she could use it as a creative planning tool for her writing projects and goals. While it was originally aimed at writers, you can use this technique to help you complete any project in a fun and creative way. ____48____ Here’s how it works. Take a blank sheet of paper and: draw a large circle, and then another smaller circle in the middle. In the centre circle, write down what you are inspired to achieve. Remember, journalling does not need to feel like a chore in your day. So come up with descriptions for your journalling that are inspiring and energising. ____49____ These are what SARK refers to as the MicroMOVEments. Each MicroMOVEment is five minutes in length. So, in the case of journalling, that would represent a minimum of up to five minutes of journalling in one sitting, on any given day. Let’s say you’ re new to journalling. By setting aside five minutes out of your day, you could write one word in your notebook that sums up a feeling or an experience. ____50____ The idea of the MicroMOVEment is to create easy steps to get your journal writing or writing projects moving. When you keep the steps small, it will become doable and achievable. A. Next, divide the rest of the circle into eight equal parts. B. It is the brainchild of international bestselling writer SARK. C. There are no hard-and-fast rules when it comes to journalling. D. Where to start and not having enough time were amongst the top responses. E. Daily tasks such as sweeping and washing are time-consuming and laborious. F. Then, list any associated words, images or thoughts that are generated by the word. G. The medicine with this approach is breaking your actions down into the tiniest steps. 第四部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was first going into this final day, the Junior Sled Dog Championship. We’d trained two years and wanted to beat Blake. I knelt down to pat Kenai and my hands ____51____ from nerves and excitement. Kenai tipped up his face to lick my chin. “You are ____52____, aren’t you?” Just before the countdown started, Blake shot me a ____53____ grin, hands trembling too. Then I heard, “Go!” ____54____ I could yell “Hike!”, Kenai leaped forward. The rest of the dogs ____55____ after. We started last. We flew down the long hill. Then we ____56____ a corner. I leaned to keep the sled steady. Kenai saw Blake’s team before I did. His tail flew up, and he ____57____. Seeing his tongue still flopping forward, I let him go all out. We closed the ____58____. A bridge later, we inched closer. On the next hill, Kenai drew even with Blake’s sled and then we passed it. ____59____ our sled hit a branch. The runners caught. I lost my ____60____ and fell off the sled. Witnessing the sled come to a stop, I struggled through the deep snow to Kenai. I ____61____. His shoulder was bleeding. “Kenail! No!”, My voice came out a howl. Kenai ____62____ to stand. He looked at me, his blue eyes ____63____ to keep on. He would do it, too. For one frozen moment I saw myself on the winner’s stand with the trophy. But no, I bent and gently ____64____ Kenai in a blanket. The race vet examining Kenai, I watched Blake accept the trophy. Kenai squirming (扭动) in my lap, I leaned over upon him. Just at that moment, I felt a warm tongue on my wet cheek. I smiled and realized that I had the ____65____ that really counted. 51. A. softened B. shook C. withdrew D. extended 52. A. clever B. thirsty C. helpful D. ready 53. A. broad B. satisfied C. tight D. slight 54. A. As B. Beyond C. Before D. After 55. A. pulled B. charged C. jumped D. barked 56. A. cut B. missed C. kept D. rounded 57. A. took off B. flew away C. turned around D. bent forward 58. A. race B. difference C. gap D. goal 59. A. Suddenly B. Finally C. Gradually D. Occasionally 60. A. way B. hold C. temper D. sight 61. A. quit B. insisted C. sighed D. froze 62. A. struggled B. decided C. refused D. pretended 63. A. forcing B. begging C. ordering D. persuading 64. A. took in B. brought up C. talked to D. wrapped up 65. A. achievement B. companion C. prize D. friendship 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I remember that every year in lunar December in my hometown, Xinyang, each family begins to prepare bunches of bacon and sausage hanging from yard to yard ____66____ (embrace) the upcoming New Year. Walking in such a street view and sniffing the smell of pickled bacon (腊肉), I always have a sense of ____67____ (happy). Xinyang, located on the boundary between the north and the south, is rich in rice, wheat and fertile land due to its unique ____68____ (geography) position and climate. Therefore, it cultivates the characteristics of Xinyang people who have a good appetite ____69____ delicacies. According to relevant records, the history of Xinyang’s pickled bacon dates back to the Ming Dynasty, ____70____ the locals learned to keep its special taste by preserving it in a special wooden bucket. People in Xinyang love their life so much that even during the toughest times, they still inherited the soul of taste and made delicious pickled bacon. Actually, Xinyang’s pickled bacon is made in ____71____ seemingly simple way by drying the meat in the shade but it brings out the flavor of the food ____72____ (it) and stays with our memory for long. You’ll never become fully conscious of how much you value it until you ____73____ (tear) apart from it. Such is Xinyang’s pickled bacon, one of my ____74____ (forget) memories of my hometown despite time _____75_____ (tick) by. 第五部分 语言基础（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请根据汉语提示和首字母写出句子中所缺的单词，请注意单词的正确形式，并把完整的单词写在答题卷上的相应位置。 76. Fascinated by the stars, the young student aspired to become an a________(宇航员) in the future. (根据中英文提示填空) 77. She kept her hands f__________ (折叠), listening attentively to the teacher as he explained the complex theory. (根据中英文提示填空) 78. The student’s e_________ (非凡的) effort, which impressed everyone, led to her winning the science fair. (根据中英文提示填空) 79. S_________ (绵延) along the campus pathway, the line of trees provides a scenic route for students walking to classes. (根据中英文提示填空) 80. Despite the government’s efforts to stop smoking, many teenagers are still seen purchasing c_________(香烟) from local stores, ignoring the health warnings. (根据中英文提示填空) 81. Her homework, a_________ (贴，附) with a note explaining the delay, was finally submitted to the teacher. (根据中英文提示填空) 82. Parents p_________ (允许) to attend the event, the school organized a series of performances showcasing student talent. (根据中英文提示填空) 83. The scientist, p_________(精确地) analyzing the data, discovered a correlation between climate change and rising sea levels. (根据中英文提示填空) 84. The professor shared a story, r_________(讲述) the impact of technology on modern society, which fascinated the students. (根据中英文提示填空) 85. The scientist’s groundbreaking discovery, which was achieved through years of dedicated research and _________(坚持不懈) has revolutionized the field of genetics. (根据汉语提示填空) 第二节 短语填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 从下列所给词组中选用正确的词组并以适当的形式填到句子中，每个词组仅能用一次。 get a load of, on the move, pull one’s weight, succeed in, all of a sudden, sing high praises for, let off steam, move on, reach out to, keep on, account for, look through 86. The experiment seemed to be failing, but __________, the results started to match up with the assumption, surprising the entire research team. 87. Everyone in the committee except the new members, __________ understanding the new policy changes by the time the final review was conducted. 88. Despite the numerous challenges they faced, the team, which __________ innovating and adapting to new situations, eventually found success. 89. When the results were announced, the principal, impressed by the students’ achievements, ________ their outstanding performance. 90. In today’s fast-paced world, technology is constantly evolving, and businesses must stay ________ to remain competitive in the market. 91. During economic booms, innovation often leads to new industries, ________ a significant portion of overall growth. 92. After the challenging exam week, she ________ by painting in her studio, finding peace in her art. 93. Although some members initially seemed unproductive, they eventually ________ and helped complete the task on time. 94. The detective ________ the suspect’s belongings for any clues that could explain the sudden disappearance. 95. The team spent weeks ________ experts worldwide, seeking advice and support to solve the problem. 第六部分 写作（共20分） 96. 暑期即将来临，假定你是校学生会主席李华，学生会将在暑期组织学生参加职业体验活动。请写一封倡议书，号召同学们积极参加，内容包括：1.倡议目的；2.活动内容；3.呼吁参加。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Students, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students’ Union 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$