精品解析：广东省深圳市某校2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷

英语试卷 满分为150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1、答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号填写在答题卡密封线内相应的位置上，用2B铅笔将自己的学号填涂在答题卡上。 2、选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。 3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题卡上作答，答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内的相应位置上，超出指定区域的答案无效；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁和平整。 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What is the woman dissatisfied with about the boots? A．The size. B．The length. C．The leather. 2．Who will probably hold a party? A．The woman’s friend. B．The man. C．The man’s friend. 3．Why do people come to the restaurant? A．The prices are low. B．The food is delicious. C．Many famous people come here. 4．How many cups of coffee has the woman had? A．3. B．4. C．5. 5．Where are the two speakers? A．In an office. B．In an apartment. C．In a lift. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What did John do just now? A．He worked out. B．He prepared for a test. C．He did some chemistry exercises. 7．Where will the woman go next? A．To the park. B．To the gym. C．To the library. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．How much has the man paid for his lessons? A．£14. B．£114. C．£140. 9．Why did the man fail his last driving test? A．He hit something by accident. B．He didn’t see red lights. C．He didn’t park his car properly. 10．Who will be the man’s next teacher? A．the woman. B．Jack. C．his father. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11．Who owns a parrot now? A．the man. B．the woman. C．the woman’s father. 12．What does the man advise the woman to have as a pet? A．a dog. B．a cat. C．a bird. 13．Why are cats popular pets? A．They are loyal. B．They are interesting. C．They require little work. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．What is the man? A．an artist. B．a researcher. C．a host. 15．What does the woman say about creativity? A．It comes from dreaming. B．It involves difficult tasks. C．It starts with problem-solving. 16．What do artists describe a creative process as? A．an inborn ability. B．an everyday task. C．a dreamlike state. 17．What are the speakers discussing? A．creativity. B．brain science. C．celebrities. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 18．What is the speaker talking about? A．A good quality of his. B．Who can fix problems. C．How to solve a problem. 19．How does the speaker’s boss find his work? A．annoying. B．satisfying. C．acceptable. 20．When does the speaker feel uncomfortable? A．When no one deals with problems. B．When something goes wrong. C．When he starts a new job. 第二部分 语法单选（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1. The professor has published three books, ______ are about environmental protection. A. two of which B. two of them C. two of that D. two of whom 2. The number of people who ______ this online course ______ steadily since it was launched last month. A. takes; has increased B. take; has increased C. takes; have increased D. take; have increased 3. The village ______ we stayed last summer is the most beautiful place ______ I have ever visited. A. where; that B. which; where C. where; which D. that; that 4. After the movie ended, she found her old friend just ______ in the front. A. seated B. seating C. seats D. to seat 5. ______ from his expression, he must have received bad news. A. Judged B. Judging C. To judge D. Having judged 6. — The man in black ______ be Tom. It is his typical dressing style. — No, it ______ be him. He is away on holiday. A. must; mustn’t B. must; can’t C. can; mustn’t D. can; can’t 7. She ______ the piano for 5 years, but she has lost almost all the skills now. A. had played B. played C. has played D. plays 8. The scientist, ______ groundbreaking research on climate change won a Nobel Prize, gave a speech at the conference yesterday. A. where B. whose C. which D. that 9. When I walked past, I noticed the old building ______ down. A. pull B. to pull C. being pulled D. having been pulled 10. The committee ______ divided in their opinions on the new policy, which ______ beyond people’s expectation. A. is; is B. is; are C. are; are D. are; is 11. The ancient manuscript ______ with extreme care but it was damaged a lot. A. must be handled B. must have been handled C. should be handled D. should have been handled 12. The only person ________ the secret document is the manager himself. A. to access B. accessing C. accessed D. having accessed 13. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere ________ students feel comfortable. A. which B. where C. what D. when 14. ________ unfairly in the competition made him ________ faith in the system. A. Judging; to lose B. Being judged; lose C. Judged; lose D. To judge; to lose 15. The archaeologists ______ in the ruins for months believe the artifacts they discovered last month ______ to the lost dynasty. A. worked; belong B. working; belong C. worked; belonged D. working; belonged 第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 A Typical desert activities like sandboarding, dune bashing and quad biking With this tour, you’ll have half a day of adventure activities accompanied by skillful coaches in the desert. Tours starting after noon include a BBQ dinner with sweets and fruits, which costs an additional US $ 45/person only. You’ll start your tour by driving to a scenic spot on the top of a tall sand dune (沙丘) for a chance to take photos of the area. On top of a sand dune, you’ll have the chance to slide down the side by sandboarding. From here, you’ll get ready for hitting some dunes in a four-wheel drive vehicle. Next you’ll hop on a quad bike and have time to drive around the desert in the open air. Finally, you’ll have a camel ride around a small part of the desert. What’s included Pickup and drop-off 20 minutes of sandboarding 35 minutes of dune bashing 25 minutes of quad biking 10-minute camel ride Water and soft drinks A drive through a camel farm Additional information Requires a high level of physical fitness Not suitable for children between 0 and 5. Children under 18 must be accompanied by an adult. 16. How much does a couple need to pay for taking the 14:30 tour? A. US $ 55. B. US $ 110. C. US $ 100. D. US $ 200. 17. What do we know about the tour? A. A camel ride cannot be guaranteed. B. Soft drinks must be prepared by visitors. C. The tour has specific requirements for children. D. An additional cost may result from the farm drive. 18. Which is the probable name of the tour in the advertisement? A. Guided Desert Adventure. B. Camps in the Desert. C. Desert Adventure for Free. D. Desert Conservation. B The sun is about to set when we reach our destination, the home of a nomadic (游牧的) herder (牧民) family. My host, Batbayer, has a cheerful face, with deep wrinkles and a color from long hours working outdoors, giving him the look of a sailor from an Ernest Hemingway novel. We have pre-arranged our visit but travelers in Mongolia can drive up to pretty much any ger and feel welcomed to stay. You don’t knock on the door: when you approach a nomadic family, a customary greeting is to say a kindly “Hold your dog.”, even if you don’t see a dog. We feast at the family home on one of the country’s most distinct and tasty dishes: khorkhog, or mutton cooked using hot rocks. This comes served with onions, a variety of berries, and milk-besides more plates of meat, all from the family’s own livestock (家畜). Mongolia is home to one of the world’s few remaining truly nomadic cultures. About a fifth of the population are herders, and nomadism is complexly woven into the country’s spirit. But modern life is catching up with the people on the grassland at rapid speed. This is in large part what my book is about: an outsider’s exploration of a society undergoing modernization while trying to hold fast to its deeply rooted traditional values. Many of the livestock here, especially the more valuable breeds such as horses, camels and cattle, are implanted with microchips that can be monitored via satellite-based services. “I would like to use the Internet more because it’s fun and useful; but the animals like it here. This is a good place for them,” Batbayer says when I ask if better Internet connectivity might influence where to move his livestock next. “I would never choose Facebook over the well-being of the animals.” 19. Which aspect of the herders does the author focus on in paragraph 1? A. Living conditions. B. Pet preference. C. Reading habits. D. Friendliness. 20. What do we know about nomadic culture? A. Herders have no access to fruits and vegetables. B. It is the world’s dominant culture. C. The majority of Mongolians are herders. D. Herders’ life is being modernized. 21. What can we infer from Batbayer’s words in the last paragraph? A. He refuses to use social media. B. He will no longer employ microchips. C. He puts the welfare of livestock at first. D. He will introduce more valuable breeds. 22. What is the text? A. A book review. B. A folk tale. C. a field report. D. A travel journal. C European rabbits might not be much to look at. They have a grayish-brown coat, small ears, and short legs. But these animals are not as ordinary as they seem. European rabbits live in grass habitats. They are somewhat picky eaters. They dig and disturb the ground while they look for food. “Their activities can create areas of bare soil which plants require,” rabbit expert Diana Bell says. Rabbits also contribute nutrients to the soil after they leave their waste there. Researchers have found that this activity benefits lowland grassland habitats, which can help maintain beneficial conditions for many plants, insects, and bird species. Without the help of rabbits, many of these species would have to leave the area or might even die out. But due to threats such as disease, habitat loss, and hunting, the animals are classified as endangered in their native region, the Iberian Peninsula. One disease called myxomatosis (兔瘟) is an insect-spread virus from South America that was on purpose introduced by a farmer in the mid-1950s to control the rabbit population. About 90% of European rabbits died during early outbreaks and the disease continues to affect rabbit populations on the Iberian Peninsula. To help rabbit populations recover, Bell has suggestions in the habitat recovery project. She is encouraging people to do their part to help protect the rabbits. For instance, people can just create piles of branches and make sloping mounds (斜堆) of soil in their spare time and then the rabbits can find cover. Actions like these won’t take people much energy or time, and over the past three years, researchers have found they are working. “Our work resulted in evidence of rabbit activity in significantly higher numbers,” Bell says. Environmentalists have used other methods to help protect decreasing rabbit populations such as creating wildlife corridors, which are unbroken animal habitats that function like animal high-ways. “Efforts to reintroduce them on the Iberian Peninsula have been largely unsuccessful but we’ve managed to do this in the U. K.” Bell says. 23. What do we know about European rabbits? A Their appearance makes them unappreciated. B. They play a role in the grassland ecosystem. C. Their digging does harm to the local environment. D. They prefer to cooperate with other species to avoid danger. 24. What can be concluded from the example mentioned in paragraph 3? A. Inappropriate human activity may bring crisis to animals. B. It is unwise to use viruses to control rabbit populations. C. Wild animals adapt themselves slowly to foreign environments. D. People should create more bare soil for European rabbits. 25. Which of the following can best describe Bell’s suggestions on protecting rabbits? A. Useful but expensive. B. Traditional and acceptable. C. Creative but unpopular. D. Simple and effective. 26. What does the author intend to tell us in the text? A. Ways to create a balanced ecosystem. B. Efforts to recover the population of European rabbits. C. Measures to control the spread of European rabbits. D. Reasons why European rabbits like digging. D Does using an eco-friendly paper straw (吸管) give you a good feeling because you’re doing something for the environment? “Straws made from plant-based materials, such as paper and bamboo, are often advertised as being more sustainable and eco-friendly than those made from plastic,” says researcher Dr. Thimo Groffen, an environmental scientist at the University of Antwerp. “However, the presence of PFAS in these straws means that could be discredited.” PFAS chemicals, infamous for their longevity and potential harm, can adversely affect humans, wildlife and the environment. They biodegrade (生物降解) very slowly over time and can persist over thousands of years in the environment, a property that has led to them being known as “forever chemicals”. They are linked to various health issues, including thyroid disease, liver damage, kidney cancer and so on. Furthermore, these chemicals are used in everyday items, such as outdoor clothing and non-stick pans, to make them water- and heat-resistant. For a more in-depth analysis, the research team purchased 39 different brands of drinking straws made from five materials—paper, bamboo, glass, stainless steel and plastic, and then conducted two rounds of testing for PFAS. They found that most brands (69%) contained PFAS, with 18 different PFAS detected in total. In paper straws, PFAS was detected in 90% of the brands tested. PFAS was also detected in 80% of brands of bamboo straws, 75% of plastic straw brands and 40% of glass straw brands. They were not detected in any of the five types of steel straws tested. “The presence of PFAS in paper and bamboo straws shows they are not necessarily biodegradable,” says Dr. Groffen. “We did not detect any PFAS in stainless steel straws, so I would advise consumers to use this type of straw—or just avoid using straws.” The PFAS concentrations (浓度) were low and, considering that most people only use straws occasionally, pose a limited risk to human health. However, PFAS can remain in the body for many years and concentrations can build up over time. “Small amounts of PFAS, while not harmful in themselves, can add to the chemical load already present in the body,” Dr. Groffen concludes. 27. What does the underlined word “discredited” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Harmful. B. Real. C. Doubtful. D. Forceful. 28. Why are PFAS chemicals known as “forever chemicals”? A. They are resistant to water and heat. B. They take a long time to break down. C. They exist widely in daily necessities. D. They may cause various common diseases. 29. What can we know from the test for PFAS? A. PFAS was found in all five types of straws. B. Paper straws were most likely to contain PFAS. C. Stainless steel straws are harmless to human health. D. Glass straws were the most environmentally friendly straws. 30. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A. To stress the potential risks of PFAS. B. To ease people’s worries about using straws. C. To present the advantages of stainless steel straws. D. To appeal to consumers to avoid using straws in daily life. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Improve Your Memory Memory is an essential part of our lives, whether it’s for studying, working, or daily activities. If you’re looking to enhance your memory, here are some effective strategies. 1. Get Enough Sleep Sleep plays a crucial role in memory consolidation. When you sleep, your brain processes and stores new information. ____31____ Lack of sleep can make it difficult to concentrate and remember things. Aim for 7 - 8 hours of quality sleep every night. 2 Exercise Regularly Physical activity not only keeps your body healthy but also benefits your brain. Exercise increases blood flow to the brain, which provides more oxygen and nutrients.____32____ It can also stimulate the growth of new brain cells, improving memory function. 3. Use Mnemonic Devices Mnemonic devices are memory aids that help you remember information more easily. For example, you can create acronyms, rhymes, or mental images ____33____ If you need to remember a list of items, you can form an acronym by taking the first letter of each word. 4. Stay Mentally Active Keep your brain engaged by reading, solving puzzles, or learning a new language.____34____These activities challenge your brain and keep it sharp. Just like your body needs exercise, your brain needs mental stimulation. 5. Organize Information When you have a lot of information to remember, organize it into categories or a logical structure.____35____ This makes it easier for your brain to store and retrieve the information. For example, if you’re studying history, you can organize events chronologically. A. This can significantly improve your memory. B. These devices can turn difficult - to - remember information into something more memorable. C. A good night’s sleep is like a “reset” button for your brain. D. Try to find activities that you enjoy and that challenge your cognitive abilities. E. It can also help you recall information more quickly. F. Make sure you have a comfortable sleep environment. G. This way, you can better understand and remember it. 第四部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It all started on April 26 when the brakes (刹车) slammed (紧急制动). Students told CBS News that they were “terrified and ___36___” by the sudden motion. Then, they ___37___ and saw what was going on. The bus driver was unconscious (失去意识) — and seventh grader Dillon Reeves had grabbed the steering wheel. Security camera showed that Dillon had noticed the driver having a medical ___38___, causing the bus to make a turn. The boy immediately sprang from his seat, took the wheel, and ___39___ the brakes, gaining control of the situation and ___40___ the driver and his passengers. “I just knew what to do in that ___41___ ,” Dillon said. “The bus was turning off the road.” One student who had been on the bus ___42___ Dillon with saving the “entire bus” with his “quick actions and thinking”, and by “being ___43___ ”. Warren Consolidated Schools said in a news release that doctors ___44___ quickly and treated the driver. The students were placed on another school bus and ____45____ home. How had Dillon been the only one to notice what was going on? While other kids had been on their cell phones, listening to music, or ____46____ focused on their electronics, Dillon didn’t have a cell phone to distract him from the world around him or ____47____ his situational awareness. “What else are you going to do when you don’t ____48____ a cell phone?” Steve Reeves asked. “You’re going to look at people. You’re going to ____49____ stuff. You’re going to look out of the window. Maybe it is a very powerful ____50____ —— a change-the-world kind. ” 36. A. shocked B. annoyed C. pleased D. satisfied 37. A. looked back B. looked down C. looked up D. looked out 38. A. treatment B. emergency C. service D. research 39. A. figured B. stuck C. sought D. hit 40. A. saving B. losing C. gathering D. fooling 41. A. generation B. chance C. moment D. atmosphere 42. A. appointed B. credited C. exchanged D. replaced 43. A. grateful B. romantic C. brave D. energetic 44. A. indicated B. argued C. responded D. discovered 45. A. decorated B. transported C. settled D. spotted 46. A. eventually B. therefore C. however D. otherwise 47. A. limit B. raise C. maintain D. prove 48. A. permit B. bet C. pursue D. own 49. A. absorb B. notice C. defend D. update 50. A. expression B. lesson C. secret D. deal 第二节 语篇填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On March 22, just 10 minutes before a Jiangxi Opera appreciation class ____51____ (schedule) to begin, the lecture hall at Nanchang University was packed with over 100 people. More students continued to pour in, ____52____ (cause) Chen Li, the professor to give the lecture, to relocate the class to a larger place. Having taught the course for many years, Chen focuses on the history, melodies and performance characteristics of Jiangxi Opera. Chen’s teaching style, which combines traditional lecturing with live performances, ____53____ (set) her class apart. Often dressed in Jiangxi Opera costumes in her class, Chen transforms the classroom into a stage to build ____54____ (enthusiastic) in her students. Wearing traditional clothes, the students immerse themselves ____55____ (entire) in the world of Jiangxi Opera. “In my class, I urge them ____56____ (come) to the stage and experience the whole process for themselves,” Chen said. “As ____57____ active advocate of Jiangxi Opera, I need to think more about the future of the art form.” Zhou Xiaoli, who once performed in Chen’s class, found her interactive teaching method unique and ____58____ (engage) and has developed an interest in this art form. “I thought Jiangxi Opera boring and outdated before, ____59____ her class made me love it,” she said. Jiangxi Opera has deep historical roots. During the 1950s and 60s, it thrived in Leping City with more than 400 ancient stages, over 20 percent of ____60____ were well-preserved from the Ming and Qing dynasties. In 2018, Jiangxi Opera appeared on the Spring Festival Gala stage for the first time. 第五部分 词汇（共20小题，每题1分，共20分） 第一节 请根据汉语和首字母提示，填入单词的正确形式。（请在答题卡上填写完整的单词） 61. The construction of the new subway has been p__________ (推迟) due to the budget cut. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 62. Our school has become much more d__________ (多样的) than it was a decade ago, with students from over 30 countries speaking 15 different languages. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 63. The hotel offers a wide range of recreational f________ (设施) including a private beach, a world-class spa, multiple gourmet restaurants and so on. （根据中英文提示拼写单词） 64. Renewable energy will only replace fossil fuels if s________ (充足的) investment is made in infrastructure and technology. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 65. Apple l__________ (发布) the iPhone 15 pro in September 2023, which immediately caused a surge in pre-orders. （根据中英文提示拼写单词） 第二节 请用所给单词的正确形式填空。 66. Hacking into someone’s personal accounts without permission is not only unethical but also __________ (legal) in most countries, with severe legal consequences. （所给词的适当形式填空） 67. Bullying in schools __________ (threat) students’ mental health, which is why many institutions have implemented anti-bullying programs. (所给词适当形式填空) 68. His perseverance despite numerous failures served as an __________ (inspire) to his teammates, motivating them to push through challenges. (所给词的适当形式填空) 69. The country strengthened its air __________ (defend) systems in response to increasing tensions with neighboring nations. （所给词的适当形式填空） 70. The city’s food festivals offer a wide ________ (various) of cuisines, reflecting its multicultural population. (所给词的适当形式填空) 71. The tradition of celebrating Halloween __________ (origin) from ancient Celtic festivals and later evolved into a popular modern holiday. （所给词的适当形式填空） 72. The __________ (energy) coach motivated the team with his passion, leading them to victory in the championship. （所给词的适当形式填空） 73. The aim of any financial reform should be to make the system __________ (access) to more people. （所给词的适当形式填空） 74. A sincere __________ (apologize) can repair damaged relationships, but it must be accompanied by meaningful actions. （所给词的适当形式填空） 第三节 根据句意选择恰当的词组并用正确形式填空。 选词填空 tend to figure out take advantage of keep track of be aware of fade away 75 She _______________ the opportunity to study abroad when she was in college. 76. The mystery of pyramids _______________ yet, though scientists have made lots of efforts. 77. In the past, students _______________ rely more on textbooks, but now they prefer online resources for research. 78. By the time we reached the hilltop, the sunset colors _______________, leaving only a dark blue sky. 79. After watching the documentary on antelopes, David, along with his classmates, _______________ the importance of protecting wild animals now. 80. The lab assistant aims _______________ the plants’ growth rates before this semester. 第六部分 写作（满分15分） 81. 假定你是李华，你从网上看到某国际少年夏令营招募会用英语讲中国故事的志愿者。请你给负责人写一封邮件申请当志愿者，内容包括： 1. 写邮件的目的； 2. 个人优势； 3. 表达感谢并期待回复。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； Dear Sir or Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 英语试卷 满分为150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1、答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号填写在答题卡密封线内相应的位置上，用2B铅笔将自己的学号填涂在答题卡上。 2、选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。 3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题卡上作答，答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内的相应位置上，超出指定区域的答案无效；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁和平整。 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What is the woman dissatisfied with about the boots? A．The size. B．The length. C．The leather. 2．Who will probably hold a party? A．The woman’s friend. B．The man. C．The man’s friend. 3．Why do people come to the restaurant? A．The prices are low. B．The food is delicious. C．Many famous people come here. 4．How many cups of coffee has the woman had? A．3. B．4. C．5. 5．Where are the two speakers? A．In an office. B．In an apartment. C．In a lift. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What did John do just now? A．He worked out. B．He prepared for a test. C．He did some chemistry exercises. 7．Where will the woman go next? A．To the park. B．To the gym. C．To the library. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．How much has the man paid for his lessons? A．£14. B．£114. C．£140. 9．Why did the man fail his last driving test? A．He hit something by accident. B．He didn’t see red lights. C．He didn’t park his car properly. 10．Who will be the man’s next teacher? A．the woman. B．Jack. C．his father. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11．Who owns a parrot now? A．the man. B．the woman. C．the woman’s father. 12．What does the man advise the woman to have as a pet? A．a dog. B．a cat. C．a bird. 13．Why are cats popular pets? A．They are loyal. B．They are interesting. C．They require little work. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．What is the man? A．an artist. B．a researcher. C．a host. 15．What does the woman say about creativity? A．It comes from dreaming. B．It involves difficult tasks. C．It starts with problem-solving. 16．What do artists describe a creative process as? A．an inborn ability. B．an everyday task. C．a dreamlike state. 17．What are the speakers discussing? A．creativity. B．brain science. C．celebrities. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 18．What is the speaker talking about? A．A good quality of his. B．Who can fix problems. C．How to solve a problem. 19．How does the speaker’s boss find his work? A．annoying. B．satisfying. C．acceptable. 20．When does the speaker feel uncomfortable? A．When no one deals with problems. B．When something goes wrong. C．When he starts a new job. 第二部分 语法单选（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1. The professor has published three books, ______ are about environmental protection. A. two of which B. two of them C. two of that D. two of whom 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位教授出版了三本书，其中两本是关于环境保护的。空处应用“数词+of+关系代词”的结构，引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词three books作补充说明，先行词指物，作介词of的宾语，因此关系代词应用which。故选A。 2. The number of people who ______ this online course ______ steadily since it was launched last month. A. takes; has increased B. take; has increased C. takes; have increased D. take; have increased 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自从上个月这门在线课程推出以来，参加这门课程的人数一直在稳步增加。people为先行词，在定语从句中作主语，谓语动词为复数形式。再根据“since it was launched last month.”可知，主句为现在完成时，The number of +复数名词，谓语动词用单数。故选B项。 3. The village ______ we stayed last summer is the most beautiful place ______ I have ever visited. A. where; that B. which; where C. where; which D. that; that 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：去年夏天我们住的那个村庄是我去过的最美丽的地方。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先看空格一，先行词为“village”，在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词“where”引导从句；再先看空格二，先行词为“place”，在从句中作“visited”的宾语，前面有形容词最高级“the most beautiful”修饰，故应用关系代词“that”引导从句。故选A项。 4. After the movie ended, she found her old friend just ______ in the front. A. seated B. seating C. seats D. to seat 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：电影结束后，她发现她的老朋友就坐在前面。在 “find + 宾语 + 宾语补足语” 结构中，her old friend与seat为被动关系，用过去分词。故选A项。 5. ______ from his expression, he must have received bad news. A. Judged B. Judging C. To judge D. Having judged 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：从他的表情来看，他一定收到了坏消息。分析句子可知，“judging from…”意为“根据……判断”，为独立主格结构，在句中作状语，句首单词首字母大写，故空格处应用“Judging”。故选B项。 6. — The man in black ______ be Tom. It is his typical dressing style. — No, it ______ be him. He is away on holiday. A. must; mustn’t B. must; can’t C. can; mustn’t D. can; can’t 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——穿黑衣服的那个人一定是汤姆。这是他典型的穿着风格。——不，不可能是他。他外出度假了。A. must; mustn’t一定，禁止；B. must; can’t一定，不可能；C. can; mustn’t可能，禁止；D. can; can’t可能，不可能。根据“It is his typical dressing style.”可知，第一空是肯定推测，用must表示肯定推测；根据“He is away on holiday.”可知，第二空是否定推测，用can’t表示否定推测。故选B。 7. She ______ the piano for 5 years, but she has lost almost all the skills now. A. had played B. played C. has played D. plays 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：她弹钢琴已经5年了，但现在她几乎失去了所有的技能。根据“but she has lost almost all the skills now.”可知，“她弹钢琴5年”的动作发生在过去，并未持续到现在，由此可知，句子为一般过去时，空格处应用“play”的过去式“played”。故选B项。 8. The scientist, ______ groundbreaking research on climate change won a Nobel Prize, gave a speech at the conference yesterday. A. where B. whose C. which D. that 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位科学家因其在气候变化领域的开创性研究而荣获诺贝尔奖，他昨天在会议上发表了演讲。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词scientist，在从句作定语，故用whose。故选B。 9. When I walked past, I noticed the old building ______ down. A. pull B. to pull C. being pulled D. having been pulled 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我走过时，我注意到那座旧建筑正在被拆除。notice sb./sth. doing sth.表示“注意到某人/某物正在做某事”，且the old building与pull down之间是被动关系，即建筑是正在被拆除，所以用现在分词的被动形式。故填being pulled。 10. The committee ______ divided in their opinions on the new policy, which ______ beyond people’s expectation. A. is; is B. is; are C. are; are D. are; is 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查主谓一致。 句意：委员会成员在新政策上意见有分歧，这超出了人们的预期。第一个空：committee（委员会）在这里指委员会成员，强调个体，此时谓语动词用复数形式，所以用are。第二个空：“which”引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子The committee are divided in their opinions on the new policy，先行词是整个句子时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式，所以用is。故选选D。 11. The ancient manuscript ______ with extreme care but it was damaged a lot. A. must be handled B. must have been handled C. should be handled D. should have been handled 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词+have done的用法。句意：这份古代手稿本应非常小心地处理，但却损坏了很多。根据句意可知，空格涉及“should have done”的用法，意为“本应该做某事（但实际上没做）”，“manuscript”和“handle”为被动关系，故空格处应用“should have been done”，“handle”的过去分词为“handled”，故空格处应用“should have been handled”。故选D项。 12. The only person ________ the secret document is the manager himself. A. to access B. accessing C. accessed D. having accessed 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：能够接触到这份机密文件的只有这位经理本人。名词由the only修饰，后跟不定式作后置定语，故选A。 13. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere ________ students feel comfortable. A. which B. where C. what D. when 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她有营造一种能让学生感到自在的氛围的天赋。定语从句修饰先行词atmosphere，在从句作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故选B。 14. ________ unfairly in the competition made him ________ faith in the system. A. Judging; to lose B. Being judged; lose C. Judged; lose D. To judge; to lose 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词和短语。句意：在比赛中受到不公正的评判使他对这个制度失去了信心。第一空judge与him构成被动关系，且作主语，故用动名词被动语态being done形式；第二空为短语make sb. do sth.。故选B。 15. The archaeologists ______ in the ruins for months believe the artifacts they discovered last month ______ to the lost dynasty. A. worked; belong B. working; belong C. worked; belonged D. working; belonged 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词时态。句意：那些在遗址工作了数月的考古学家认为，他们上个月发现的文物属于那个失落的王朝。第一空是非谓语，作archaeologists的后置定语，work“工作”和archaeologists逻辑上是主动关系，因此用work的现在分词形式；第二空作宾语从句的谓语，they discovered last month是修饰the artifacts的定语从句，主句谓语动词believe为一般现在时，从句应保持时态一致，陈述现在仍然有效的事实。故选B。 第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 A Typical desert activities like sandboarding dune bashing and quad biking With this tour, you’ll have half a day of adventure activities accompanied by skillful coaches in the desert. Tours starting after noon include a BBQ dinner with sweets and fruits, which costs an additional US $ 45/person only. You’ll start your tour by driving to a scenic spot on the top of a tall sand dune (沙丘) for a chance to take photos of the area. On top of a sand dune, you’ll have the chance to slide down the side by sandboarding. From here, you’ll get ready for hitting some dunes in a four-wheel drive vehicle. Next you’ll hop on a quad bike and have time to drive around the desert in the open air. Finally, you’ll have a camel ride around a small part of the desert. What’s included Pickup and drop-off 20 minutes of sandboarding 35 minutes of dune bashing 25 minutes of quad biking 10-minute camel ride Water and soft drinks A drive through a camel farm Additional information Requires a high level of physical fitness. Not suitable for children between 0 and 5. Children under 18 must be accompanied by an adult. 16. How much does a couple need to pay for taking the 14:30 tour? A. US $ 55. B. US $ 110. C. US $ 100. D. US $ 200. 17. What do we know about the tour? A. A camel ride cannot be guaranteed. B. Soft drinks must be prepared by visitors. C. The tour has specific requirements for children. D. An additional cost may result from the farm drive. 18. Which is the probable name of the tour in the advertisement? A. Guided Desert Adventure. B. Camps in the Desert. C. Desert Adventure for Free. D. Desert Conservation. 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要宣传了一次充满刺激和乐趣的沙漠冒险活动，并详细介绍了活动的内容、包含的项目以及参与者需要注意的事项。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据图片中的14:30和From US $55和第一段的“Tours starting after noon include a BBQ dinner with sweets and fruits, which costs an additional US $ 45/person only.(中午之后开始的旅游包括有糖果和水果的烧烤晚餐，每人只需额外支付45美元。)”可知，一对夫妇参加14:30的旅行需要付的钱是$55*2+$45*2=$200。故选D。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据Additional information部分的“Not suitable for children between 0 and 5. Children under 18 must be accompanied by an adult.(不适合0 - 5岁儿童。18岁以下的儿童必须由成人陪同。)”可知，这次旅行对儿童有特殊要求。故选C。 【18题详解】 推理判断题。根据题目“Typical desert activities like sandboarding, dune bashing and quad biking(典型的沙漠活动，如沙板，沙丘冲击和四轮自行车)”和第一段“With this tour, you’ll have half a day of adventure activities accompanied by skillful coaches in the desert.(在这次旅行中，您将在熟练的教练的陪同下在沙漠中进行半天的冒险活动。)”可知，这次旅行是在沙漠中的冒险活动，因此广告中的旅行的名称可能是A选项“Guided Desert Adventure.(有向导带领的沙漠探险活动)”。故选A。 B The sun is about to set when we reach our destination, the home of a nomadic (游牧的) herder (牧民) family. My host, Batbayer, has a cheerful face, with deep wrinkles and a color from long hours working outdoors, giving him the look of a sailor from an Ernest Hemingway novel. We have pre-arranged our visit but travelers in Mongolia can drive up to pretty much any ger and feel welcomed to stay. You don’t knock on the door: when you approach a nomadic family, a customary greeting is to say a kindly “Hold your dog.”, even if you don’t see a dog. We feast at the family home on one of the country’s most distinct and tasty dishes: khorkhog, or mutton cooked using hot rocks. This comes served with onions, a variety of berries, and milk-besides more plates of meat, all from the family’s own livestock (家畜). Mongolia is home to one of the world’s few remaining truly nomadic cultures. About a fifth of the population are herders, and nomadism is complexly woven into the country’s spirit. But modern life is catching up with the people on the grassland at rapid speed. This is in large part what my book is about: an outsider’s exploration of a society undergoing modernization while trying to hold fast to its deeply rooted traditional values. Many of the livestock here, especially the more valuable breeds such as horses, camels and cattle, are implanted with microchips that can be monitored via satellite-based services. “I would like to use the Internet more because it’s fun and useful; but the animals like it here. This is a good place for them,” Batbayer says when I ask if better Internet connectivity might influence where to move his livestock next. “I would never choose Facebook over the well-being of the animals.” 19. Which aspect of the herders does the author focus on in paragraph 1? A. Living conditions. B. Pet preference. C. Reading habits. D. Friendliness. 20. What do we know about nomadic culture? A. Herders have no access to fruits and vegetables. B. It is the world’s dominant culture. C. The majority of Mongolians are herders. D. Herders’ life is being modernized. 21. What can we infer from Batbayer’s words in the last paragraph? A. He refuses to use social media. B. He will no longer employ microchips. C. He puts the welfare of livestock at first. D. He will introduce more valuable breeds. 22. What is the text? A. A book review. B. A folk tale. C. a field report. D. A travel journal. 【答案】19. D 20. D 21. C 22. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者拜访蒙古游牧民族家庭，体验了当地独特的饮食和文化的经历。 【19题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“My host, Batbayer, has a cheerful face, with deep wrinkles and a color from long hours working outdoors, giving him the look of a sailor from an Ernest Hemingway novel. We have pre-arranged our visit but travelers in Mongolia can drive up to pretty much any ger and feel welcomed to stay. You don’t knock on the door: when you approach a nomadic family, a customary greeting is to say a kindly “Hold your dog.”, even if you don’t see a dog.(我造访的男主人巴特拜尔有一张愉快的面容，皱纹很深，长时间在户外工作后的肤色，让他看起来像欧内斯特·海明威小说中的水手。我们已经提前安排了行程，但是在蒙古的游客可以开车到几乎任何蒙古包，并感到很受欢迎。你不用敲门：当你走近一个游牧家庭时，习惯上的问候是亲切地说一句“抱一下你们的狗”，即使你没有看到狗。)”可知，游客可以自由地造访牧民的家，无拘无束，因此作者强调了牧民的友好。故选D。 【20题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Mongolia is home to one of the world’s few remaining truly nomadic cultures. About a fifth of the population are herders, and nomadism is complexly woven into the country’s spirit. But modern life is catching up with the people on the grassland at rapid speed. This is in large part what my book is about: an outsider’s exploration of a society undergoing modernization while trying to hold fast to its deeply rooted traditional values.(蒙古是世界上仅存的少数真正的游牧文化之一。大约五分之一的人口是牧民，游牧精神已经复杂地融入了这个国家的精神。但现代生活正以极快的速度追赶着草原上的人们。这在很大程度上是我这本书的主题：一个局外人对一个正在经历现代化的社会的探索，同时试图坚持其根深蒂固的传统价值观。) ”可知，牧民的传统生活与现代生活融合在一起，牧民的生活正走向现代化。故选D。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的““I would like to use the Internet more because it’s fun and useful; but the animals like it here. This is a good place for them,” Batbayer says when I ask if better Internet connectivity might influence where to move his livestock next. “I would never choose Facebook over the well-being of the animals.”(“我想更多地使用互联网，因为它既有趣又有用；但是动物们喜欢这里。这对他们来说是一个好地方，”当我问到更好的互联网连接是否会影响下一步将他的牲畜转移到哪里时，巴特拜尔说。“我永远不会为了Facebook而放弃动物的福祉。”)”可知，巴特拜尔优先考虑的是牲畜的福利，要为牲畜选择适合它们生活的地方。故选C。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“The sun is about to set when we reach our destination, the home of a nomadic herder family. My host, Batbayer, has a cheerful face, with deep wrinkles and a color from long hours working outdoors, giving him the look of a sailor from an  Ernest  Hemingway novel. We have pre-arranged our visit but travelers in Mongolia can drive up to pretty much any ger and feel welcomed to stay. You don’t knock on the door: when you approach a nomadic family, a customary greeting is to say a kindly “Hold your dog.”, even if you don’t see a dog.(当我们到达目的地时，太阳即将落山，这是一个游牧牧民的家。我造访的男主人巴特拜尔有一张愉快的面容，皱纹很深，长时间在户外工作后的肤色，让他看起来像欧内斯特·海明威小说中的水手。我们已经提前安排了行程，但是在蒙古的游客可以开车到几乎任何蒙古包，并感到很受欢迎。你不用敲门：当你走近一个游牧家庭时，习惯上的问候是亲切地说一句“抱一下你们的狗”，即使你没有看到狗。)”可知，这篇文章作者是以第一人称的角度写的，描述的是作者去蒙古的所见所闻所感，所以这是一篇旅游日志。故选D。 C European rabbits might not be much to look at. They have a grayish-brown coat, small ears, and short legs. But these animals are not as ordinary as they seem. European rabbits live in grass habitats. They are somewhat picky eaters. They dig and disturb the ground while they look for food. “Their activities can create areas of bare soil which plants require,” rabbit expert Diana Bell says. Rabbits also contribute nutrients to the soil after they leave their waste there. Researchers have found that this activity benefits lowland grassland habitats, which can help maintain beneficial conditions for many plants, insects, and bird species. Without the help of rabbits, many of these species would have to leave the area or might even die out. But due to threats such as disease, habitat loss, and hunting, the animals are classified as endangered in their native region, the Iberian Peninsula. One disease called myxomatosis (兔瘟) is an insect-spread virus from South America that was on purpose introduced by a farmer in the mid-1950s to control the rabbit population. About 90% of European rabbits died during early outbreaks and the disease continues to affect rabbit populations on the Iberian Peninsula. To help rabbit populations recover, Bell has suggestions in the habitat recovery project. She is encouraging people to do their part to help protect the rabbits. For instance, people can just create piles of branches and make sloping mounds (斜堆) of soil in their spare time and then the rabbits can find cover. Actions like these won’t take people much energy or time, and over the past three years, researchers have found they are working. “Our work resulted in evidence of rabbit activity in significantly higher numbers,” Bell says. Environmentalists have used other methods to help protect decreasing rabbit populations such as creating wildlife corridors, which are unbroken animal habitats that function like animal high-ways. “Efforts to reintroduce them on the Iberian Peninsula have been largely unsuccessful but we’ve managed to do this in the U. K.” Bell says. 23. What do we know about European rabbits? A. Their appearance makes them unappreciated. B. They play a role in the grassland ecosystem. C. Their digging does harm to the local environment. D. They prefer to cooperate with other species to avoid danger. 24. What can be concluded from the example mentioned in paragraph 3? A. Inappropriate human activity may bring crisis to animals. B. It is unwise to use viruses to control rabbit populations. C. Wild animals adapt themselves slowly to foreign environments. D. People should create more bare soil for European rabbits. 25. Which of the following can best describe Bell’s suggestions on protecting rabbits? A. Useful but expensive. B. Traditional and acceptable. C. Creative but unpopular. D. Simple and effective. 26. What does the author intend to tell us in the text? A. Ways to create a balanced ecosystem. B. Efforts to recover the population of European rabbits. C. Measures to control the spread of European rabbits. D. Reasons why European rabbits like digging. 【答案】23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍欧洲兔对草原生态系统所发挥的作用、其数量下降的原因以及恢复其数量的措施。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的第二句“Researchers have found that this activity benefits lowland grassland habitats, which can help maintain beneficial conditions for many plants, insects, and bird species.”(研究人员发现，这种活动有益于低地草原栖息地，有助于维持许多植物、昆虫和鸟类的有利条件)可知，欧洲兔的活动对草原中的植物、昆虫和鸟类等其他生物有利，所以欧洲兔对草原生态系统发挥着一定的作用。故选B。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段的第二、三句“One disease called myxomatosis (兔瘟) is an insect-spread virus from South America that was on purpose introduced by a farmer in the mid-1950s to control the rabbit population. About 90% of European rabbits died during early outbreaks and the disease continues to affect rabbit populations on the Iberian Peninsula. (一种名为粘液瘤病的疾病是一种来自南美洲的昆虫传播病毒，由一位农民在20世纪50年代中期故意引入，以控制兔子的数量。大约90%的欧洲兔子在早期疫情中死亡，这种疾病继续影响伊比利亚半岛的兔子种群)”可知，这个农民企图通过病毒控制兔子数量的这种行为是不恰当的，导致兔子濒临灭绝。由这个例子可得出，人类不当的活动可能会给动物带来危机。故选A。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段的倒数第二句“Actions like these won’t take people much energy or time, and over the past three years, researchers have found they are working. (这样的行动不会花费人们太多的精力或时间，在过去的三年里，研究人员发现它们正在发挥作用)”可知，贝尔的建议做法不会耗费过多的精力和时间，所以这些做法是简单的，即simple；过去三年里，这些做法正在发挥作用，说明是有效的，即effective。因此，贝尔关于保护兔子的建议是简单有效的。故选D。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。从全文来看，文章一开始介绍欧洲兔对生态环境所起到的作用，接着提出欧洲兔由于人类不当的活动而濒临灭绝，从而引出贝尔以及环境学家所提出的恢复兔子数量的措施。所以，本文作者主要想告诉我们人们恢复欧洲兔数量所付出的努力。故选B。 D Does using an eco-friendly paper straw (吸管) give you a good feeling because you’re doing something for the environment? “Straws made from plant-based materials, such as paper and bamboo, are often advertised as being more sustainable and eco-friendly than those made from plastic,” says researcher Dr. Thimo Groffen, an environmental scientist at the University of Antwerp. “However, the presence of PFAS in these straws means that could be discredited.” PFAS chemicals, infamous for their longevity and potential harm, can adversely affect humans, wildlife and the environment. They biodegrade (生物降解) very slowly over time and can persist over thousands of years in the environment, a property that has led to them being known as “forever chemicals”. They are linked to various health issues, including thyroid disease, liver damage, kidney cancer and so on. Furthermore, these chemicals are used in everyday items, such as outdoor clothing and non-stick pans, to make them water- and heat-resistant. For a more in-depth analysis, the research team purchased 39 different brands of drinking straws made from five materials—paper, bamboo, glass, stainless steel and plastic, and then conducted two rounds of testing for PFAS. They found that most brands (69%) contained PFAS, with 18 different PFAS detected in total. In paper straws, PFAS was detected in 90% of the brands tested. PFAS was also detected in 80% of brands of bamboo straws, 75% of plastic straw brands and 40% of glass straw brands. They were not detected in any of the five types of steel straws tested. “The presence of PFAS in paper and bamboo straws shows they are not necessarily biodegradable,” says Dr. Groffen. “We did not detect any PFAS in stainless steel straws, so I would advise consumers to use this type of straw—or just avoid using straws.” The PFAS concentrations (浓度) were low and, considering that most people only use straws occasionally, pose a limited risk to human health. However, PFAS can remain in the body for many years and concentrations can build up over time. “Small amounts of PFAS, while not harmful in themselves, can add to the chemical load already present in the body,” Dr. Groffen concludes. 27. What does the underlined word “discredited” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Harmful. B. Real. C. Doubtful. D. Forceful. 28. Why are PFAS chemicals known as “forever chemicals”? A. They are resistant to water and heat. B. They take a long time to break down. C. They exist widely in daily necessities. D. They may cause various common diseases. 29. What can we know from the test for PFAS? A. PFAS was found in all five types of straws. B. Paper straws were most likely to contain PFAS. C. Stainless steel straws are harmless to human health. D. Glass straws were the most environmentally friendly straws. 30. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A. To stress the potential risks of PFAS. B. To ease people’s worries about using straws. C. To present the advantages of stainless steel straws. D. To appeal to consumers to avoid using straws in daily life. 【答案】27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍研究发现纸吸管和竹吸管虽常被宣传为环保，但因含PFAS化学品，其环保性存疑，还介绍了PFAS的危害及各类吸管检测情况。 【27题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Straws made from plant -based materials, such as paper and bamboo, are often advertised as being more sustainable and eco-friendly than those made from plastic,” says researcher Dr. Thimo Groffen, an environmental scientist at the University of Antwerp. “However, the presence of PFAS in these straws means that could be discredited.”(安特卫普大学的环境科学家、研究人员蒂莫·格罗芬博士说：“由植物材料制成的吸管，如纸吸管和竹吸管，通常被宣传为比塑料吸管更具可持续性和环保性……然而，这些吸管中PFAS的存在意味着这可能是discredited”)”可知，原本宣传纸吸管和竹吸管环保，但存在PFAS就使得这种环保性令人怀疑，所以“discredited”意思是“令人怀疑的”，故选C项。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They biodegrade (生物降解) very slowly over time and can persist over thousands of years in the environment, a property that has led to them being known as  “forever chemicals”. (随着时间的推移，它们生物降解非常缓慢，并且可以在环境中持续存在数千年，这种特性导致它们被称为“永久性化学物质”。)”可知，PFAS化学品被称为“永久性化学物质”是因为它们分解需要很长时间，故选B项。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For a more in-depth analysis, the research team purchased 39 different brands of drinking straws made from five materials—paper, bamboo, glass, stainless steel and plastic, and then conducted two rounds of testing for PFAS. They found that most brands (69%) contained PFAS, with 18 different PFAS detected in total. In paper straws, PFAS was detected in 90% of the brands tested. PFAS was also detected in 80% of brands of bamboo straws, 75% of plastic straw brands and 40% of glass straw brands. They were not detected in any of the five types of steel straws tested. (为了进行更深入的分析，研究团队购买了由纸张、竹子、玻璃、不锈钢和塑料等五种材料制成的39种不同品牌的吸管，然后对PFAS进行了两轮测试。他们发现大多数品牌（69%）含有PFAS，总共检测出18种不同的PFAS。在纸吸管中，90%的测试品牌检测到了PFAS。在80%的竹吸管品牌、75%的塑料吸管品牌和40%的玻璃吸管品牌中也检测到了PFAS。在测试的五种钢吸管中均未检测到。)”可知，纸吸管最有可能含有PFAS，故选B项。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The PFAS concentrations ( 浓度) were low and, considering that most people only use straws occasionally, pose a limited risk to human health. However, PFAS can remain in the body for many years and concentrations can build up over time. “Small amounts of PFAS, while not harmful in themselves, can add to the chemical load already present in the body,” Dr. Groffen concludes.. (PFAS浓度很低，考虑到大多数人只是偶尔使用吸管，对人类健康的风险有限。然而，PFAS可以在体内保留多年，并且随着时间的推移浓度会增加。格罗芬博士总结道：“少量的PFAS本身虽然无害，但会增加体内已有的化学负荷”)”可知，作者在最后一段想强调PFAS的潜在风险，故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Improve Your Memory Memory is an essential part of our lives, whether it’s for studying, working, or daily activities. If you’re looking to enhance your memory, here are some effective strategies. 1. Get Enough Sleep Sleep plays a crucial role in memory consolidation. When you sleep, your brain processes and stores new information. ____31____ Lack of sleep can make it difficult to concentrate and remember things. Aim for 7 - 8 hours of quality sleep every night. 2. Exercise Regularly Physical activity not only keeps your body healthy but also benefits your brain. Exercise increases blood flow to the brain, which provides more oxygen and nutrients.____32____ It can also stimulate the growth of new brain cells, improving memory function. 3. Use Mnemonic Devices Mnemonic devices are memory aids that help you remember information more easily. For example, you can create acronyms, rhymes, or mental images ____33____ If you need to remember a list of items, you can form an acronym by taking the first letter of each word. 4. Stay Mentally Active Keep your brain engaged by reading, solving puzzles, or learning a new language.____34____These activities challenge your brain and keep it sharp. Just like your body needs exercise, your brain needs mental stimulation. 5. Organize Information When you have a lot of information to remember, organize it into categories or a logical structure.____35____ This makes it easier for your brain to store and retrieve the information. For example, if you’re studying history, you can organize events chronologically. A. This can significantly improve your memory. B. These devices can turn difficult - to - remember information into something more memorable. C. A good night’s sleep is like a “reset” button for your brain. D. Try to find activities that you enjoy and that challenge your cognitive abilities. E. It can also help you recall information more quickly. F. Make sure you have a comfortable sleep environment. G. This way, you can better understand and remember it. 【答案】31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了提高记忆力的五种有效策略，包括保证充足睡眠、定期锻炼、使用记忆辅助工具、保持大脑活跃以及组织信息。 【31题详解】 上文“Sleep plays a crucial role in memory consolidation. When you sleep, your brain processes and stores new information.(睡眠在记忆巩固中起着至关重要的作用。当你睡觉时，你的大脑会处理和储存新的信息)”说明了睡眠对记忆的重要性。空处和前文为顺接关系，进一步阐述良好睡眠对大脑的作用。C项“一夜好觉就像大脑的“重置”按钮。”通过比喻形象说明睡眠对大脑的积极影响，且与后文“缺乏睡眠的负面影响”形成对比。故选C。 【32题详解】 上文“Physical activity not only keeps your body healthy but also benefits your brain. Exercise increases blood flow to the brain, which provides more oxygen and nutrients.(体育活动不仅能保持身体健康，还有益于大脑。运动能增加流向大脑的血液，为大脑提供更多的氧气和营养物质)”说明了运动对大脑的好处。空处和前文为顺接关系，进一步说明运动对记忆的积极影响。A项“这可以显著提高你的记忆力。”符合语境，承接上文，指出运动带来的这些好处能显著提高记忆力。故选A。 【33题详解】 上文“Mnemonic devices are memory aids that help you remember information more easily. For example, you can create acronyms, rhymes, or mental images.(记忆辅助工具是帮助你更容易记住信息的工具。例如，你可以创建首字母缩写、押韵词或心理图像)”介绍了记忆辅助工具。空处需总结这些技巧的作用，说明这些记忆辅助工具的作用。B项“这些工具可以将难以记住的信息转化为更容易记住的东西”符合语境，该项中的“These devices”呼应前文，且“turn difficult-to-remember information into something more memorable”精准概括了记忆技巧的功能。故选B。 【34题详解】 上文“Keep your brain engaged by reading, solving puzzles, or learning a new language.(通过阅读、解谜或学习一门新语言来保持大脑活跃)”说明了保持大脑活跃的方法。空处和前文为顺接关系，进一步说明如何选择合适的活动来保持大脑活跃。空处需衔接这些活动与大脑锻炼的关系，D项“尝试找到你喜欢且能挑战认知能力的活动”符合语境，该项中的“activities”呼应前文例子，“challenge your cognitive abilities”进一步强调活动对大脑的刺激作用，与后文“Just like your body needs exercise”形成类比。故选D。 【35题详解】 上文“When you have a lot of information to remember, organize it into categories or a logical structure.(当你有大量信息需要记住时，将其分类或组织成逻辑结构)”说明了组织信息的方法。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明组织信息的好处。G项“这样，你可以更好地理解和记住它”符合语境。该项中的“This way”指代前文的组织方法，“better understand and remember”直接体现该方法对记忆的帮助，且与后文“按时间顺序组织历史事件”的例子逻辑一致。故选G。 第四部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It all started on April 26 when the brakes (刹车) slammed (紧急制动). Students told CBS News that they were “terrified and ___36___” by the sudden motion. Then, they ___37___ and saw what was going on. The bus driver was unconscious (失去意识) — and seventh grader Dillon Reeves had grabbed the steering wheel. Security camera showed that Dillon had noticed the driver having a medical ___38___, causing the bus to make a turn. The boy immediately sprang from his seat, took the wheel, and ___39___ the brakes, gaining control of the situation and ___40___ the driver and his passengers. “I just knew what to do in that ___41___ ,” Dillon said. “The bus was turning off the road.” One student who had been on the bus ___42___ Dillon with saving the “entire bus” with his “quick actions and thinking” and by “being ___43___ ”. Warren Consolidated Schools said in a news release that doctors ___44___ quickly and treated the driver. The students were placed on another school bus and ____45____ home. How had Dillon been the only one to notice what was going on? While other kids had been on their cell phones, listening to music, or ____46____ focused on their electronics, Dillon didn’t have a cell phone to distract him from the world around him or ____47____ his situational awareness. “What else are you going to do when you don’t ____48____ a cell phone?” Steve Reeves asked. “You’re going to look at people. You’re going to ____49____ stuff. You’re going to look out of the window. Maybe it is a very powerful ____50____ —— a change-the-world kind. ” 36. A. shocked B. annoyed C. pleased D. satisfied 37. A. looked back B. looked down C. looked up D. looked out 38. A. treatment B. emergency C. service D. research 39. A. figured B. stuck C. sought D. hit 40. A. saving B. losing C. gathering D. fooling 41. A. generation B. chance C. moment D. atmosphere 42. A. appointed B. credited C. exchanged D. replaced 43. A. grateful B. romantic C. brave D. energetic 44. A. indicated B. argued C. responded D. discovered 45. A. decorated B. transported C. settled D. spotted 46. A. eventually B. therefore C. however D. otherwise 47. A. limit B. raise C. maintain D. prove 48. A. permit B. bet C. pursue D. own 49. A. absorb B. notice C. defend D. update 50. A. expression B. lesson C. secret D. deal 【答案】36. A 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. A 41. C 42. B 43. C 44. C 45. B 46. D 47. A 48. D 49. B 50. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一辆校车司机正在开车接送学生，突然生病失去知觉，紧急关头，七年级学生Dillon Reeves握住方向盘，踩下刹车，控制了局面，救了一车人的故事。 【36题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生们告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻，他们对突然的动作感到“恐惧和震惊”。A. shocked震惊的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. pleased高兴的；D. satisfied满意的。根据前文“It all started on April 26 when the brakes(刹车) slammed(紧急制动).”和后文“by the sudden motion”以及“The bus driver was unconscious(失去意识) — and seventh grader Dillon Reeves had grabbed the steering wheel.”可知，汽车紧急制动，乘客恐惧并且震惊。故选A项。 【37题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后，他们抬起头来，看到发生了什么事。A. looked back回头看；B. looked down向下看；C. looked up向上看，查看；D. looked out向外看，担心。根据前文“It all started on April 26 when the brakes(刹车) slammed(紧急制动).”可知，汽车紧急制动，乘客抬头查看发生了什么。故选C项。 【38题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：监控摄像头显示，Dillon注意到司机有医疗紧急情况，导致公交车转弯。A. treatment治疗；B. emergency紧急情况；C. service服务；D. research研究。根据前文“The bus driver was unconscious”和后文“causing the bus to make a turn”可知，司机失去知觉，出现了紧急情况，汽车不能正常行驶。故选B项。 【39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：男孩立即从座位上跳起来，握住方向盘，踩下刹车，控制了局面，救了司机和乘客。A. figured计算，认定；B. stuck卡住；C. sought寻找；D. hit打，按，压（按钮等）。根据前文“Dillon had noticed the driver having a medical ___3___, causing the bus to make a turn”可知，司机出现问题，不能操控汽车，Dillon握住方向盘，踩下刹车。故选D项。 【40题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. saving拯救；B. losing丢失；C. gathering聚集；D. fooling愚弄。根据前文“The boy immediately sprang from his seat, took the wheel, and ___4___ the brakes, gaining control of the situation”可知，Dillon握住方向盘，踩下刹车，所以救了司机和乘客。后文“saving”词汇重现，故选A项。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Dillon说：“我当时就知道该怎么做。” A. generation代；B. chance机会；C. moment时刻；D. atmosphere气氛。根据语境和后文“The bus was turning off the road.”可知，汽车已经离开公路，Dillon表示在这个危急时刻，他知道该怎么做。故选C项。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一名当时在车上的学生称赞Dillon以他“敏捷的行动和思维”以及“勇敢”拯救了“整辆车”。A. appointed任命；B. credited赞扬，把……归功于；C. exchanged交换；D. replaced替换。根据后文“saving the ‘entire bus’ with his ‘quick actions and thinking’”可知，Dillon救了一车人，受到同学称赞。故选B项。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. grateful感激的；B. romantic浪漫的；C. brave勇敢的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据前文“The boy immediately sprang from his seat, took the wheel, and ___4___ the brakes, gaining control of the situation and ___5___ the driver and his passengers.”可知，在危急关头，Dillon马上刹车救了一车人，表现非常勇敢。故选C项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：沃伦联合学校在新闻发布会上说，医生迅速反应并治疗了司机。A. indicated表示；B. argued争论；C. responded回应；D. discovered发现。根据语境和后文“treated the driver”可知，医生迅速反应对司机进行治疗。故选C项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生们被安排在另一辆校车上回家。A. decorated装饰；B. transported运输，运送；C. settled解决；D. spotted发现。根据前文“The students were placed on another school bus”可知，学生们被安排在另一辆校车上，运送回家。故选B项。 【46题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当其他孩子都在玩手机、听音乐或专注于电子产品时，Dillon却没有手机来分散他对周围世界的注意力，也没有手机限制他的态势感知能力。A. eventually最终；B. therefore因此；C. however然而；D. otherwise另，在其他方面，否则，亦；除此以外。根据前文“other kids had been on their cell phones, listening to music”和后文“focused on their electronics”可知，其他孩子在玩手机、听音乐亦或者专注于电子产品。故选D项。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. limit限制；B. raise提升；C. maintain维持；D. prove证明。根据前文“Dillon didn’t have a cell phone to distract him from the world around him”和后文“his situational awareness”可知，Dillon没有玩手机，所以没有手机限制他的态势感知能力。故选A项。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你没有手机，你还能做什么？ A. permit允许；B. bet打赌；C. pursue追求；D. own拥有。根据前文“Dillon didn’t have a cell phone to distract him from the world around him or ___12___ his situational awareness”可知，Dillon没有手机。故选D项。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你会注意到一些东西。A. absorb吸收；B. notice注意到；C. defend保卫；D. update更新。根据前文“You’re going to look at people.”可知，因为观察了，所以就能注意到一些东西。故选B项。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许这是一个非常有力的教训——一个改变世界的教训。A. expression表达；B. lesson课程，教训；C. secret秘密；D. deal协议，交易。根据前文“While other kids had been on their cell phones, listening to music, or ___11___ focused on their electronics, Dillon didn’t have a cell phone to distract him from the world around him or ___12___ his situational awareness.”和后文“a change-the-world kind”可知，其他孩子都在玩电子产品，只有Dillon注意到危险，通过这次事故教训，这也可能让孩子们能够改变玩电子产品的习惯，学习Dillon，认真观察世界。故选B项。 第二节 语篇填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On March 22, just 10 minutes before a Jiangxi Opera appreciation class ____51____ (schedule) to begin, the lecture hall at Nanchang University was packed with over 100 people. More students continued to pour in, ____52____ (cause) Chen Li, the professor to give the lecture, to relocate the class to a larger place. Having taught the course for many years, Chen focuses on the history, melodies and performance characteristics of Jiangxi Opera. Chen’s teaching style, which combines traditional lecturing with live performances, ____53____ (set) her class apart. Often dressed in Jiangxi Opera costumes in her class, Chen transforms the classroom into a stage to build ____54____ (enthusiastic) in her students. Wearing traditional clothes, the students immerse themselves ____55____ (entire) in the world of Jiangxi Opera. “In my class, I urge them ____56____ (come) to the stage and experience the whole process for themselves,” Chen said. “As ____57____ active advocate of Jiangxi Opera, I need to think more about the future of the art form.” Zhou Xiaoli, who once performed in Chen’s class, found her interactive teaching method unique and ____58____ (engage) and has developed an interest in this art form. “I thought Jiangxi Opera boring and outdated before, ____59____ her class made me love it,” she said. Jiangxi Opera has deep historical roots. During the 1950s and 60s, it thrived in Leping City with more than 400 ancient stages, over 20 percent of ____60____ were well-preserved from the Ming and Qing dynasties. In 2018, Jiangxi Opera appeared on the Spring Festival Gala stage for the first time. 【答案】51. was scheduled 52. causing 53. sets 54. enthusiasm 55. entirely 56. to come 57. an 58. engaging 59. but##yet 60. which 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了3月22日，南昌大学一场赣剧鉴赏课因学生过多换至大场地。陈丽教授的互动教学独特，激发学生兴趣，赣剧历史深厚且曾登春晚。 【51题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：3月22日，就在一场赣剧欣赏课预定开始的前10分钟，南昌大学的演讲厅里坐满了100多人。主语a Jiangxi Opera appreciation class与谓语动词schedule构成被动关系，根据上文On March 22可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数形式。故填was scheduled。 【52题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：更多学生不断涌入，使得主讲这门课的陈丽教授不得不将课堂转移到一个更大的地方。cause是非谓语动词，该空后内容是前句造成的自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作状语，故填causing。 【53题详解】 考查时态。句意：她的教学方式将传统的讲授与现场表演相结合，使她的课程独具特色。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为Chen’s teaching style，谓语动词set用三单形式。故填sets。 【54题详解】 考查名词。句意：在她的课堂上，陈老师经常身着赣剧服装。她会将教室布置成舞台，以此激发学生们的学习热情。作动词的宾语，用名词enthusiasm，不可数。故填enthusiasm。 【55题详解】 考查副词。句意：学生们身着传统服饰，全身心地沉浸在赣剧的世界里。修饰动词immerse用副词entirely作状语。故填entirely。 【56题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：陈老师说：“在我的课上，我会鼓励学生们走上讲台，亲自体验整个过程。”短语urge sb. to do sth.表示“鼓励某人做某事”。故填to come。 【57题详解】 考查冠词。句意：作为赣剧的积极倡导者，我需要更多地思考这种艺术形式的未来走向。此处advocate为泛指，且active是发音以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an。故填an。 【58题详解】 考查形容词。句意：曾在陈老师班上表演过的周小丽，发现她互动式的教学方法独特又富有吸引力，并且对这种艺术形式产生了兴趣。此处为形容词engaging，在句中与形容词unique作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语her interactive teaching method的特点。故填engaging。 【59题详解】 考查连词。句意：“我之前觉得赣剧枯燥乏味、过时落伍，但/然而她的表演让我爱上了这种剧种。”她说。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，故用but/yet。故填but/yet。 【60题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在20世纪50年代和60年代期间，它在乐平市蓬勃发展，拥有超过400个古老的舞台，其中超过20%的舞台完好地保存自明清时期。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词more than 400 ancient stages，先行词指物，关系词替代先行词作介词的宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。 第五部分 词汇（共20小题，每题1分，共20分） 第一节 请根据汉语和首字母提示，填入单词的正确形式。（请在答题卡上填写完整的单词） 61. The construction of the new subway has been p__________ (推迟) due to the budget cut. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 【答案】postponed##ostponed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和被动语态。句意：由于预算削减，新地铁建设已被推迟。根据单词首字母以及句意“推迟”可知，空格处涉及单词“postpone”，意为“推迟”，动词词性，根据句意和句中“has been”可知，句子为现在完成时的被动语态，空格处应用“postpone”的过去分词“postponed”。故填postponed。 62. Our school has become much more d__________ (多样的) than it was a decade ago, with students from over 30 countries speaking 15 different languages. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 【答案】diverse##iverse 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们的学校比十年前更加多样化，学生来自30多个国家，说15种不同的语言。结合首字母提示可知，“多样的”应用形容词diverse，和more构成比较级，作表语。故填diverse。 63. The hotel offers a wide range of recreational f________ (设施) including a private beach, a world-class spa, multiple gourmet restaurants and so on. （根据中英文提示拼写单词） 【答案】facilities##acilities 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这家酒店提供种类繁多的娱乐设施，包括私人海滩、世界级的水疗中心、多家高级餐厅等等。根据中英文提示可知用名词facility，作宾语，根据后文including a private beach, a world-class spa, multiple gourmet restaurants and so on可知为复数。故填facilities。 64. Renewable energy will only replace fossil fuels if s________ (充足的) investment is made in infrastructure and technology. (根据中英文提示拼写单词) 【答案】sufficient##ufficient 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：只有在基础设施和技术上进行足够的投资，可再生能源才能取代化石燃料。结合首字母提示可知，“充足的”应用形容词sufficient，作修饰investment的定语。故填sufficient。 65. Apple l__________ (发布) the iPhone 15 pro in September 2023, which immediately caused a surge in pre-orders. （根据中英文提示拼写单词） 【答案】launched##aunched 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：苹果于2023年9月发布了iPhone 15 pro，这立即引发了预购热潮。根据首字母l及汉语提示“发布”可知，本空用动词launch；结合时间状语in September 2023可知，句子描述过去发生事情，时态应用一般过去时，谓语用过去式形式。故填launched。 第二节 请用所给单词的正确形式填空。 66. Hacking into someone’s personal accounts without permission is not only unethical but also __________ (legal) in most countries, with severe legal consequences. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】illegal 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：未经允许入侵他人的个人账户，不仅是不道德的，而且在大多数国家是非法的，会带来严重的法律后果。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词与unethical为并列关系，illegal，表“非法的”，为形容词，作表语，符合语境，与后文“严重的法律后果”相呼应，进一步明确了该行为在法律层面的否定性和危害性。故填illegal。 67. Bullying in schools __________ (threat) students’ mental health, which is why many institutions have implemented anti-bullying programs. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】threatens 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：学校里欺凌行为威胁着学生的心理健康，这就是为什么许多机构实施了反欺凌计划。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，空格处为谓语动词，“Bullying in schools”为动名词短语，谓语动词应用单数形式，“threat”对应的动词为“threaten”，意为“威胁”，三单形式为“threatens”。故填threatens。 68. His perseverance despite numerous failures served as an __________ (inspire) to his teammates, motivating them to push through challenges. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】inspiration 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：尽管经历了多次失败，他仍坚持不懈，这给他的队友们带来了鼓舞，激励他们勇敢面对各种挑战。作served as宾语，“inspiration”意为“鼓舞人心的人（或事物）”符合句意，为可数名词，不定冠词“an”后接可数名词单数。故填inspiration。 69. The country strengthened its air __________ (defend) systems in response to increasing tensions with neighboring nations. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】defense##defence 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：该国加强了其防空系统以应对与邻国日益紧张的局势。这里需要名词作宾语，defend是动词，其名词形式为defense/defence。air defense/defence systems表示“防空系统”。故填defense/defence。 70. The city’s food festivals offer a wide ________ (various) of cuisines, reflecting its multicultural population. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】variety 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这座城市的美食节提供了种类繁多的美食，充分体现了其多元的文化背景。短语a wide variety of表示“各种各样的”。故填variety。 71. The tradition of celebrating Halloween __________ (origin) from ancient Celtic festivals and later evolved into a popular modern holiday. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】originated 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：庆祝万圣节的传统起源于古代凯尔特人的节日，后来演变成了一个广受欢迎的现代节日。此空应填动词作谓语，originate，表“起源于”，为动词，主语The tradition of celebrating Halloween与originate为主动关系，且这里时态应与后文一致用一般过去时。故填originated。 72. The __________ (energy) coach motivated the team with his passion, leading them to victory in the championship. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】energetic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这位精力充沛的教练用他的激情激励着团队，带领他们在锦标赛中取得胜利。energetic在句中作定语，修饰名词coach，故填energetic。 73. The aim of any financial reform should be to make the system __________ (access) to more people. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】accessible 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：任何金融改革的目标都应该是让更多人能够使用这个体系。“make +宾语+形容词”为固定结构，此处用形容词accessible作宾语补足语。故填accessible。 74. A sincere __________ (apologize) can repair damaged relationships, but it must be accompanied by meaningful actions. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】apology 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：真诚的道歉可以修复受损的关系，但它必须伴有有意义的行动。不定冠词a后接名词，apologize是动词，其名词形式为apology，在这里作主语。故填apology。 第三节 根据句意选择恰当的词组并用正确形式填空。 选词填空 tend to figure out take advantage of keep track of be aware of fade away 75. She _______________ the opportunity to study abroad when she was in college. 76. The mystery of pyramids _______________ yet, though scientists have made lots of efforts. 77. In the past, students _______________ rely more on textbooks, but now they prefer online resources for research. 78. By the time we reached the hilltop, the sunset colors _______________, leaving only a dark blue sky. 79. After watching the documentary on antelopes, David, along with his classmates, _______________ the importance of protecting wild animals now. 80. The lab assistant aims _______________ the plants’ growth rates before this semester. 【答案】75. took advantage of 76. has not been figured out 77. tended to 78. had faded away 79. is aware of 80. to keep track of 【解析】 【75题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：她在大学时利用这个机会出国留学。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“take advantage of…”，意为“利用……”，根据句中“when she was in college”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，为一般过去时，“take”的过去式为“took”，故空格处应用“took advantage of”。故填took advantage of。 【76题详解】 考查固定短语和被动语态。句意：尽管科学家们已经做了很多努力，但金字塔之谜尚未解开。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“figure out”，意为“解决”，根据句中“yet”可知，句子应用现在完成时，到目前为止金字塔之谜尚未解开，“mystery of pyramids”和“figure out”为被动关系，故句子为现在完成时的被动语态，结合句意“尚未解开”可知，应用否定形式“has/have not been done”，“mystery of pyramids”与“has”连用，“figure”的过去分词为“figured”，故空格处应用“has not been figured out”。故填has not been figured out。 【77题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：过去，学生往往更依赖教科书，但现在他们更喜欢用在线资源进行研究。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“tend to do sth.”，意为“倾向于做某事”，根据句中“In the past”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，为一般过去时，“tend”的过去式为“tended”，故空格处应用“tended to”。故填tended to。 【78题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：当我们到达山顶时，夕阳的颜色已经逐渐消失，只留下深蓝色的天空。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“fade away”，意为“逐渐消失”，根据句中“By the time we reached the hilltop”可知，“逐渐消失”的动作发生在到达山顶之前，故句子应用过去完成时，表示过去的过去，“fade”的过去分词为“faded”，故空格处应用“had faded away”。故填had faded away。 【79题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：在观看了关于羚羊的纪录片后，大卫和他的同学们意识到现在保护野生动物的重要性。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“be aware of…”，意为“意识到……”，根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，为一般现在时，句子主语为“David”，“be”转换为“is”，故空格处应用“is aware of”。故填is aware of。 【80题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：实验室助理的目标是在本学期之前跟踪植物的生长速度。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“keep track of…”，意为“跟踪……”，“aim to do sth.”，意为“目标是做某事”，故空格处应用“to keep track of”。故填to keep track of。 第六部分 写作（满分15分） 81. 假定你是李华，你从网上看到某国际少年夏令营招募会用英语讲中国故事的志愿者。请你给负责人写一封邮件申请当志愿者，内容包括： 1. 写邮件的目的； 2. 个人优势； 3. 表达感谢并期待回复。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； Dear Sir or Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to apply as a volunteer for your summer camp. As a Chinese, I have a deep passion for Chinese culture and a profound understanding of Chinese stories and traditions. I have many years of experience studying English, which enables me to fluently tell Chinese stories in English and effectively communicate with international students. I am confident that I can help them better comprehend the culture and history of China. Thank you for considering my application. I eagerly await your response and would be happy to provide any further information if needed. Sincerely yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇申请信，要求考生写一封邮件成为申请国际少年夏令营的志愿者，内容包括写信的目的、个人优势、表达感谢并期待回复。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 ①深厚的：profound → deep/thorough ②热情：passion → enthusiasm/zeal ③感谢：thank → appreciate/acknowledge ④考虑：consider → reflect on/take into account 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Thank you for considering my application. 拓展句：I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration. 【点睛】【高级句型1】I have many years of experience studying English, which enables me to fluently tell Chinese stories in English and effectively communicate with international students. (运用which引导的非限定性定语从句，现在分词作状语) 【高级句型2】I am confident that I can help them better comprehend the culture and history of China. (运用that引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$