Unit 1 Realtionships 单元话题语法填空练习-2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练(北师大版2019选择性必修第一册)

Unit 1 RELATIONSHIPS 单元话题语法填空练习 （23-24高二下·甘肃武威·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Distance learning is a form of education in 1 the main elements include physical separation of teachers and students during instruction and the use of 2 (variety) of technologies to facilitate student-teacher and student-student communication. Since its introduction, distance learning 3 (focus) on nontraditional students, such as full-time workers, military personnel, and nonresidents or individuals in remote regions who are 4 (able) to attend classroom lectures. However, distance learning has become a (n) 5 (establish) part of the educational world, with trends   6 (point) to ongoing growth. In U. S. higher education alone, more than 5.6 million university students were enrolled in at least one online course in the autumn of 2009, a significant growth 7 1.6 million in 2002. Students of all ages, around the world, were forced into distance learning in early 2020 8 the global coronavirus pandemic resulted in a widespread 9 (close) of many schools. Videoconferencing software such as Zoom gained greatly from this development. Zoom became one of the most popular services of its kind, one of the most downloaded applications worldwide, and 10 household word. Teaching and the student-teacher relationship were fundamentally changed. （23-24高二下·福建福州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It’s a long-term question for teachers: how to get children who hate physical activity to take part in PE lessons? A Northampton primary school believes it has the answer. To make the least active pupils take an interest in their fitness, a program 11 (introduce) at Lings Primary School recently. Not only have the pupils developed an interest in activities ranging from football 12 ballroom dancing, according to the school, but their school work has also improved 13 (significant). Students now have 14 best attendance record in the country at 98 percent. The change has been achieved by simply making PE fun. Instead of 15 (climb) wall bars and running on the spot, the pupils practice exercises such as moving like 16 (animal). One routine involves crawling around the floor like a bear and moving around like gorillas, and the children try to keep their balance on the boards 17 (make) of rubber, all of 18 help stretch their muscles and improve fitness. Baroness Campbell, who chairs the Youth Sport Trust that 19 (design) the program, said, “We want to show young people that physical activity is fun and a great way 20 (help) them learn skills that will stay with them for life.” （23-24高二上·山东临沂·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Human beings are part of nature, but for many centuries, we have been living in completely man-made environments. Modern cities make our lives quite 21 (comfort), but most people live in a way that is disconnected from other living things and the natural cycles of the earth. A special school in Western Australia is now creating opportunities for everyone to safely experience nature. Steve Aldridge’s school 22 (call) Wild Movement, and it is located near the city of Perth. Children and adults 23 (attend) programs at Wild Movement can learn survival skills like gathering food, making shelters, 24 building fires. Some courses offer instruction on using tools, such as knives or bows and arrows. Others are focused on using plants 25 (make) baskets, bags and rope. However, the skills 26 (teach) there are not the most important part of the programs. 27 mission (任务) of Wild Movement is to provide a space 28 people can develop courage by taking small risks and feel connected with the natural world around 29 (they). When we learn to appreciate nature and make sense of our place in the larger web of life, we can all have a better 30 (understand) of what it means to be human. （23-24高二上·河北·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every Wednesday afternoon, Le Duc An, a Vietnamese PhD student at Beijing University of Technology, practices calligraphy in the calligraphy group. The 33-year-old 31 (study) Chinese calligraphy for nearly three years. “I 32 (expose) to Vietnamese calligraphy when I was a child, and it was one of the things that made the biggest impression on me,” An says. When he came to Beijing in 2019 for his PhD studies focusing on the environment, he also spent time practicing Chinese calligraphy, 33 (commit) himself in earnest to the journey of learning the art. 34 (initial), An says that he did not understand the techniques in Chinese calligraphy, but with the help of Professor Liu Hongli, he gradually came to understand the meaning behind the characters and the techniques in calligraphy. 35 (gain) a deeper understanding of calligraphy, An has visited many ancient sites in Beijing, including the Confucius Temple and the Forbidden City. He has also participated 36 a number of calligraphy competitions, both at school and international events. An says that places 37 he has seen treasured scrolls of calligraphy have left a profound impression, and are 38 major source of inspiration. “Calligraphy has become a part of me,” An says.“Whenever I see Chinese calligraphy from different 39 (dynasty), and on sculptures and at historical sites, I find myself 40 (impress) by the vastness and depth of Chinese culture.” （23-24高二上·云南曲靖·阶段练习）语法填空 Xie Xiaohua, a special education teacher has won the heart of hundreds of children with special needs and is called Mom Xiaohua by many of them. “It is my greatest happiness and 41 (fulfill) to care for them as they grow up,” said 49-year-old Xie, who 42 (work) at Yiyuan County Special Education School for the past 27 years. Fully aware 43 the difference between special education and general education, Xie provides 44 (specialize) care for each student according to their physical condition. In 2013, Xie’s workload became heavier after she 45 (assign) to work at the school’s rehabilitation(康复) center. 46 (ensure) every child received scientific and targeted rehabilitation training, she worked out specific plans for them. For children with mental handicaps, Xie 47 (patient) coached them to master basic skills of taking care of themselves in daily life. She also spent lots of time training children with hearing and speech impairments to work on their pronunciation, which often caused her to develop 48 swollen throat. Several years ago, the school launched a campaign of offering door-to-door education to students 49 could not attend school because of severe physical disabilities. Xie was among over 30 teachers 50 (task) with tutoring those students. “Although we do feel exhausted sometimes, we feel our work is valuable after witnessing their progress, even just a little bit,” Xie said. （23-24高二上·河南洛阳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Children are naturally curious beings, but getting them 51 (learn) something that they aren’t interested in can be a difficult task. Teachers and parents often find themselves 52 (turn) to rewards in the form of stars, promises of high grades and wonderful 53 (career), or threats of punishment. But what if rewards and threats aren’t the answer? Natural curiosity is 54 (normal) referred to as “intrinsic (内在的) motivation” sometimes. Lately studies 55 (find) that children who see learning 56 fun and important are better at it. And it’s easy to understand why 57 is difficult to study something we aren’t engaged with, and if we’re enthusiastic about the information we’re learning, it feels more meaningful. Extrinsic (外在的) motivation is really 58 (benefit). Praise and stimulation based on either achieving good grades 59 fear of punishment has been acknowledged to motivate older students. However, it seems that at an early age, it doesn’t have as much effect. The key is to allow some degree of autonomy and 60 (free). If you want to teach a child to read, let them choose which book they use. Whether it’s a graphic novel, TV guide or classic literature   the aim of stimulating their appetite for reading is met. （23-24高二上·甘肃甘南·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It is a special cross-country race. The competitors’ vehicles are made 61 fruits and vegetables like carrots, eggplants, grapefruits, pumpkins and oranges. They are the creations of pupils from the Shanghai World Foreign Language Primary School. According to Chen You, the science class teacher, 62 (base) knowledge had been taught within 6 classes to students before they drew sketches and 63 (choose) vegetables to make a food car. Although students were encouraged 64 (design) their cars together with parents, all the cars should be made in the class. After 65 (bring) piles of ingredients as well as tools the children began their innovation. Some cut the carrot slices to make them round, and some others assembled (组装) their car components together. In addition to the 66 (compete), students are required to reflect on the 67 (difficulty) they encountered making their vehicles, 68 things they have learned from the activity and the improvements they think the course can make. 69 touched the teachers most was the unity and friendship among the children. For example, although the contest was fierce (激烈的), students felt 70 (excite) for the champion car as if they themselves had stood out, and when a girl’s car fell apart their friends comforted her and helped reassemble the car. （23-24高二上·黑龙江牡丹江·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When Joe began his school, all 71 (sign) pointed to success. Yet things turned out to be quite disappointing. The fourth grade even found him at the bottom of the class. Joe struggled 72 (handle) his school work day and night, but what made him upset was that it did not work-until one stormy afternoon. On that afternoon, the math teacher was introducing difficult concepts 73 dark clouds covered the sky, and the storm set in. Although she tried to make the kids concentrate, the thunder won the battle for their attention. No one grasped the concepts. Except for Joe. He understood and answered all 74 questions correctly. The teacher patted him on the back and told him to go around to the others and explain how he had managed it. 75 (encourage) by his newfound success, Joe moved quickly throughout the room. Soon mathtime 76 (follow) by the time for art. All children naturally drew dark pictures 77 such a day. Except for Joe. Since then, Joe started to take on more 78 (challenge) tasks than before. His math teacher was always curious about the amazing change: “Why had that stormy day changed Joe?” he put forward the question with 79 (cautious). At the graduation ceremony, Joe presented the teacher with his most familiar 80 (collect)—the picture of bright yellow sun. On the picture Joe had written; This is the day I woke up to my brightness. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．which 2．varieties 3．has focused 4．unable 5．established 6．pointing 7．from 8．because 9．closure 10．a 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了远程教育的发展、现状及其在全球疫情下角色的变化，强调了技术在促进师生沟通中的作用以及在线课程日益增长的普及度。 1．考查定语从句。句意：远程教育是一种教育形式，其主要元素包括教学过程中教师和学生之间的物理分离，以及使用多种技术促进师生和学生间通信。空处引导限定词定语从句，先行词是education，在从句中充当介词in的宾语，因此应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 2．考查名词复数。句意：远程教育是一种教育形式，其主要元素包括教学过程中教师和学生之间的物理分离，以及使用多种技术促进师生和学生间通信。variety应用其复数形式varieties，构成短语varieties of“各种各样的”。故填varieties。 3．考查时态。句意：自远程教育引入以来，它一直专注于非传统学生群体，如全职工作人员、军事人员以及无法参加课堂讲座的偏远地区的非居民或个人。空处为句子的谓语动词，由时间状语“Since its introduction”可知，此处应用现在完成时态，主语为distance learning，单数。故填has focused。 4．考查形容词。句意：自远程教育引入以来，它一直专注于非传统学生群体，如全职工作人员、军事人员以及无法参加课堂讲座的偏远地区的非居民或个人。根据“nontraditional students, such as full-time workers, military personnel, and nonresidents or individuals in remote regions”可知，此处指那些“不能”参加课堂讲座的人，应用able的反义词unable“不能”。故填unable。 5．考查形容词。句意：然而，远程教育已成为教育领域的一个既定部分，趋势表明其持续增长。此处应用establish的形容词形式established，意为“已确立的，既定的”，作定语修饰后面的名词。故填established。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，远程教育已成为教育领域的一个既定部分，趋势表明其持续增长。此处为with的复合结构，所以空处需要非谓语动词作宾语补足语。trends与point为主动关系，所以用现在分词pointing作宾补。故填pointing。 7．考查介词。句意：仅在美国高等教育中，2009年秋季就有超过560万大学生注册了至少一门在线课程，相比2002年的160万有了显著增长。此处需要介词from用于表示增长的起点，即从2002年的160万增长到了2009年的超过560万。故填from。 8．考查原因状语从句。句意：2020年初，由于全球冠状病毒大流行导致许多学校大规模关闭，世界各地所有年龄段的学生都被迫转向远程学习。此处应用because引导原因状语从句，解释学生被迫进行远程学习的原因。故填because。 9．考查名词。句意：2020年初，由于全球冠状病毒大流行导致许多学校大规模关闭，世界各地所有年龄段的学生都被迫转向远程学习。根据空前的形容词和空后的of可知，此处需要名词形式，close的名词形式closure“关闭”。故填closure。 10．考查冠词。句意：Zoom成为了同类服务中最受欢迎的服务之一，也是全球下载量最大的应用程序之一，并且成为了家喻户晓的名字。word为可数名词单数，此处泛指一个“家喻户晓的名字”，所以需要不定冠词表示泛指，且空后是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 11．has been introduced 12．to 13．significantly 14．the 15．climbing 16．animals 17．made 18．which 19．designed 20．to help 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北安普顿的一所小学引入了一项计划让学生爱上体育课。 11．考查动词时态和语态。句意：为了让最不爱运动的学生对健身产生兴趣，Lings小学最近推出了一个项目。此处主语a program和introduce之间表示被动关系，根据recently可知为现在完成的被动语态，助动词用has。故填has been introduced。 12．考查介词。句意：据学校介绍，学生们不仅对足球、交际舞等活动产生了兴趣，而且他们的学业成绩也有了显著提高。短语range from…to…表示“范围从……到……”。故填to。 13．考查副词。句意：据学校介绍，学生们不仅对足球、交际舞等活动产生了兴趣，而且他们的学业成绩也有了显著提高。修饰动词improved，用副词significantly。故填significantly。 14．考查冠词。句意：现在的学生出勤率是全国最高的，达到98%。最高级best前应用定冠词。故填the。 15．考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们不再爬墙杠和原地跑动，而是像动物一样运动。of为介词，介词后面用动名词作宾语。故填climbing。 16．考查名词的数。句意：学生们不再爬墙杠和原地跑动，而是像动物一样运动。前文没有冠词，数量大于一应用复数形式。故填animals。 17．考查非谓语动词。句意：其中一个项目包括像熊一样在地板上爬行，像大猩猩一样四处走动，孩子们试图在橡胶板上保持平衡，所有这些都有助于伸展肌肉，提高健康水平。此处make与boards构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填made。 18．考查定语从句。句意：其中一个项目包括像熊一样在地板上爬行，像大猩猩一样四处走动，孩子们试图在橡胶板上保持平衡，所有这些都有助于伸展肌肉，提高健康水平。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子，作介词的宾语，指物，故填which。 19．考查时态。句意：设计该项目的青年体育信托基金会主席坎贝尔说:“我们想让年轻人知道，体育活动很有趣，而且是帮助他们学习终身技能的好方法。”此处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填designed。 20．考查非谓语动词。句意：设计该项目的青年体育信托基金会主席坎贝尔说:“我们想让年轻人知道，体育活动很有趣，而且是帮助他们学习终身技能的好方法。”名词way后跟不定式作后置定语，为固定用法。故填to help。 21．comfortable 22．is called 23．attending 24．and 25．to make 26．taught 27．The 28．where 29．them 30．understanding 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了西澳大利亚的一所特殊学校正在为每个人创造安全体验自然的机会。 21．考查形容词。句意：现代城市使我们的生活相当舒适，但大多数人的生活方式与其他生物和地球的自然循环无关。分析句子可知，此处是“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，此处应用形容词作宾语补足语，形容词comfortable意思为：舒服的。故填comfortable。 22．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：Steve Aldridge的学校被称为“野生运动”，位于珀斯市附近。句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，且主语school和谓语动词call之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是名词单数，be动词用is。故填is called。 23．考查现在分词。句意：参加野生动物运动项目的儿童和成人可以学习生存技能，比如收集食物、建造住所和生火。逻辑主语Children and adults和attend是主动关系，attend用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填attending。 24．考查并列连词。句意：参加野生动物运动项目的儿童和成人可以学习生存技能，比如收集食物、建造住所和生火。空后的“building fires”和前文“gathering food, making shelters”是并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。 25．考查不定式。句意：其他课程则专注于用植物制作篮子、袋子和绳子。use sth. to do sth.意思为：使用某物做某事，make应用不定式形式作状语。故填to make。 26．考查过去分词。句意：然而，那儿教授的技能并不是项目中最重要的部分。teach和逻辑主语skills之间是被动关系，teach应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填taught。 27．考查定冠词。句意：“野生运动”的使命是提供一个空间，在这里人们可以通过冒小风险来培养勇气，并感觉与周围的自然世界联系在一起。由“of Wild Movement”可知，此处表示特指，应用定冠词the，首字母应大写。故填The。 28．考查定语从句。句意：“野生运动”的使命是提供一个空间，在这里人们可以通过冒小风险来培养勇气，并感觉与周围的自然世界联系在一起。分析句子可知，空处引导一个限制性定语从句，先行词是a space，表示抽象的地点，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 29．考查代词。句意：“野生运动”的使命是提供一个空间，在这里人们可以通过冒小风险来培养勇气，并感觉与周围的自然世界联系在一起。此处作介词around的宾语，应用人称代词宾格them。故填them。 30．考查名词。句意：当我们学会欣赏自然，理解我们在更大的生命网络中的位置时，我们就能更好地理解作为人类意味着什么。由空前的不定冠词a和have可知，空处应用单数名词作宾语，名词understanding意思为：理解、了解，have a better understanding of…意思为：对……有更好的理解。故填understanding。 31．has been studying/has studied 32．was exposed 33．committing 34．Initially 35．To gain 36．in 37．where 38．a 39．dynasties 40．impressed 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要介绍了一位名叫Le Duc An的越南博士生在北京工业大学学习中国书法的经历。他从小就受到越南书法的影响，并于2019年来到北京攻读博士学位后，开始认真地学习中国书法。通过学习和参加比赛，他逐渐了解了中国书法的技巧和意义，并深受古代书法作品的启发和影响。 31．考查时态。句意：33岁的他学习中国书法已经快三年了。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中for nearly three years可以表述动作发生在过去对现在产生影响用现在完成时，同时也可以表示该动作在一段时间内持续发生，故使用现在完成进行时。故填has been studying/has studied。 32．考查动词语态。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我接触到越南书法，这是给我留下最深刻印象的事情之一。be exposed to为固定短语，意为“接触……；暴露于……”，句中was表示动作发生于过去，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was exposed。 33．考查非谓语动词。句意：2019年，当他来到北京攻读环境博士学位时，他还花时间练习中国书法，认真地投入到学习艺术的旅程中。分析句子，句中spent为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处he与commit之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语。故填committing。 34．考查副词。句意：起初，An说他不懂中国书法的技巧，但在刘洪力教授的帮助下，他逐渐理解了汉字背后的含义和书法技巧。分析句子，设空处使用initial的副词initially作状语，意为“起初地”。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Initially。 35．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了更深入地了解书法，An参观了北京的许多古迹，包括孔庙和紫禁城。分析句子，句中has visited为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处表示目的，故使用不定式结构作状语。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填To gain。 36．考查介词。句意：他还参加了许多学校和国际活动的书法比赛。participate in为固定短语，意为“参与”。故填in。 37．考查定语从句。句意：An说，在他看到珍贵的书法卷轴的地方，留下了深刻的印象，是灵感的主要来源。分析句子，设空处引导的是定语从句，代替先行词places在从句中作状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。 38．考查冠词。句意同上。分析句子，句中source为可数名词单数，意为“来源”，此处表示泛指，故设空处应该使用不定冠词。同时，其前面修饰词为major首字母为辅音音素。故填a。 39．考查名词。句意：每当我看到中国不同朝代的书法、雕塑上的书法和历史遗迹时，我都为中国文化的博大精深所折服。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，dynasty为可数名词，意为“朝代”，此处表示复数意义。故填dynasties。 40．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子，句中构成find+宾语+宾补，句中myself与impress之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作宾补。故填impressed。 41．fulfillment 42．has worked/has been working 43．of 44．specialized 45．was assigned 46．To ensure 47．patiently 48．a 49．who/that 50．tasked 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了特殊教育老师谢小华为需要特殊照顾的残障孩童奉献自我。 41．考查名词。句意：49岁的谢在沂源县特殊教育学校工作了27年，她说：“在他们长大的过程中，能照顾他们是我最大的幸福和满足。”空处和and前的happiness并列，应用名词。fulfillment意为“实现，满足”。故填fulfillment。 42．考查时态和主谓一致。句意参考上题。根据句中的时间状语“for the past 27 years”可知，这里可用现在完成时，表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，还可能继续下去，强调对现在产生的影响，也可用现在完成进行时，表示动作从某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，可能仍然要继续下去，强调动作的持续性。主语who指代Xie，为第三人称单数，所以谓语应用单数。故填has worked/has been working。 43．考查介词。句意：谢充分认识到特殊教育和普通教育的区别，根据每个学生的身体状况为他们提供专门的照顾。(be) aware of意为“意识到”。故填of。 44．考查形容词。句意参考上题。空处应用形容词作定语，修饰后面的care。specialized意为“专门的，专用的”。故填specialized。 45．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2013年，谢被分配到学校康复中心工作后，她工作量变得更大了。根据句中的“In 2013”和“became”可知，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。主语she为第三人称单数，且和assign之间是动宾关系，所以应用被动语态，且谓语应用单数。故填was assigned。 46．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了确保每个孩子都能接受科学和有针对性的康复训练，她为他们制定了具体的计划。根据句意，这里表示目的，应用不定式作目的状语。故填To ensure。 47．考查副词。句意：对于有心理障碍的孩子，谢耐心地指导他们掌握生活自理的基本技能。空处应用副词，修饰谓语动词coached。patiently意为“耐心地”。故填patiently。 48．考查冠词。句意：她还花了很多时间训练有听力和言语障碍的孩子学习发音，这经常导致她喉咙肿胀。develop a swollen throat意为“患喉咙肿胀”，为固定搭配。故填a。 49．考查定语从句。句意：几年前，该校发起了一项运动，为因严重身体残疾而无法上学的学生提供上门教育。分析句子结构，空处引导一个定语从句，指代指人的先行词students，且在从句中作主语，所以可用who或that引导。故填who/that。 50．考查非谓语动词。句意：谢是被指派辅导这些学生的30多名老师之一。分析句子结构，本句的谓语是was，所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语over 30 teachers和task(指派)之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填tasked。 51．to learn 52．turning 53．careers 54．normally 55．have found 56．as 57．it 58．beneficial 59．or 60．freedom 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章讲述了儿童天生好奇，但是让他们学习他们不感兴趣的东西可能是一项艰巨的任务。我们应培养孩子的内在学习动机，让他们对正在学习的信息充满热情。 51．考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子们天生好奇，但让他们学习一些他们不感兴趣的东西可能是一项艰巨的任务。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做宾补，使用非谓语动词，get sb to do为固定短语，含义为“让某人做……”，符合句意，所以空白处应填动词不定式的一般式，故填to learn。 52．考查非谓语动词。句意：老师和家长经常发现自己转向了明星、高分和出色职业的承诺或惩罚威胁等形式的奖励。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做宾补，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语themselves之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故填turning。 53．考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语使用名词，因空白处表示的是一个数目不确定的名词，使用名词的复数形式，故填careers。 54．考查副词。句意：天生的好奇心有时通常被称为“内在动机”。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语使用副词，故填normally。 55．考查时态。句意：最近的研究发现，那些认为学习有趣和重要的孩子更擅长学习。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，根据时间状语Lately可知句子表达的是过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，谓语动词使用现在完成时，又因主语为复数，故填have found。 56．考查介词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，“see sth as+形容词”为固定短语，含义为“认为某物……”，符合句意，故填as。 57．考查代词。句意：我们很容易理解为什么研究我们没有参与的东西很困难，如果我们对所学的信息充满热情，就会感觉更有意义。分析句子结构，根据下文“to study something we aren’t engaged with(研究我们没有参与的东西)”可知空白处为形式主语，真正主语为后面的动词不定式短语，故填it。 58．考查形容词。句意：外在动机确实有益。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做表语使用形容词，故填beneficial。 59．考查连词。句意：基于取得好成绩或害怕受到惩罚的表扬和激励已经被认为可以激励年长的学生。根据上文“achieving good grades(取得好成绩)”以及“fear of punishment(害怕受到惩罚)”可知上下文之间为选择关系，应使用表示选择关系的连词，故填or。 60．考查名词。句意：关键是允许一定程度的自主权和自由。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语使用名词，因空白处表达的是抽象含义的名词，使用名词原形，故填freedom。 61．of 62．basic 63．chose 64．to design 65．bringing 66．competition 67．difficulties 68．the 69．What 70．excited 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是小学生举行的一次特殊的越野赛。参赛者的车辆由水果和蔬菜制成，如胡萝卜、茄子、葡萄柚、南瓜和橙子。 61．考查介词。句意：参赛者的车辆由水果和蔬菜制成，如胡萝卜、茄子、葡萄柚、南瓜和橙子。固定搭配：be made of“由……组成”。故填of。 62．考查形容词作定语。句意：据科学班老师陈友介绍，在6节课的时间里，学生们先学习了基础知识，然后再画草图，选择蔬菜制作美食车。此处knowledge是名词，由形容词修饰，base的形容词是basic。故填basic。 63．考查一般过去时。句意：据科学班老师陈友介绍，在6节课的时间里，学生们先学习了基础知识，然后再画草图，选择蔬菜制作美食车。before引导的时间状语从句中动词choose与drew构成并列谓语。故填chose。 64．考查动词不定式。句意：虽然鼓励学生和家长一起设计自己的汽车，但所有的汽车都应该在课堂上制造。固定搭配：encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”，其中动词不定式作宾语补足语，但该句是被动语态，句中动词不定式作主语补足语。故填to design。 65．考查动名词作宾语。句意：孩子们带来了成堆的食材和工具后，开始了他们的创新。句中after是介词，后面用动名词作宾语。故填bringing。 66．考查名词。句意：除了比赛之外，学生们还需要反思他们在制造车辆时遇到的困难，以及他们从活动中学到的东西，以及他们认为课程可以带来的改进。根据空前的the可知，此处用名词作宾语，所给词compete是动词，其名词是competition，此处表示这次比赛，用单数。故填competition。 67．考查名词复数。句意：除了比赛之外，学生们还需要反思他们在制造车辆时遇到的困难，以及他们从活动中学到的东西，以及他们认为课程可以带来的改进。此处用名词复数作宾语。故答案为difficulties。 68．考查并列连词。句意：除了比赛之外，学生们还需要反思他们在制造车辆时遇到的困难，他们从活动中学到的东西，以及他们认为课程可以带来的改进。分析句子可知，此处特指“在活动中学到的东西”，用定冠词修饰。故填the。 69．考查主语从句。句意：最让老师们感动的是孩子们之间的团结和友谊。该句主语是主语从句，主语从句缺少引导词，从句的谓语动词缺少主语，所填词要其双重作用，这里是连接代词what引导的主语从句，位于句首用大写。故填What。 70．考查情感形容词。句意：例如，虽然比赛很激烈，但学生们对冠军车感到很兴奋，就像他们自己脱颖而出一样。此处指“学生感到兴奋”，所以用动词excite的情感形容词excited。故填excited。 71．signs 72．to handle 73．when 74．the 75．Encouraged 76．was followed 77．on 78．challenging 79．caution 80．collection 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Joe在学校的表现很不好，特别是数学，他很努力但是没有成效。直到有一天，下雨天，别的同学都因为雷声而无法集中注意力，而Joe却学会了那天老师讲的概念。老师让他去给其他同学讲解他是怎么做到的，Joe深受鼓舞，在那天以后努力做更有挑战性的事情。 71．考查名词复数。句意：当乔开始他的学校时，所有迹象都指向成功。分析可知本句为一般现在时态，结合空前all可知空处应为名词复数形式作主语，故填signs。 72．考查不定式。句意：乔日夜挣扎着处理他的学校工作，但让他沮丧的是，它没有奏效——直到一个暴风雨的下午。struggle to do sth为固定短语，表示“努力做某事”，故填to handle。 73．考查连词。句意：那天下午，数学老师正在介绍困难的概念，乌云笼罩着天空，暴风雨来了。分析可知空处表示“当……”，应用when引导时间状语从句，故填when。 74．考查冠词。句意：他正确理解并回答了所有问题。questions是第二次出现，用the表示特指，故填the。 75．考查过去分词。句意：受到新发现的鼓舞，乔在房间里迅速移动。句中有谓语，前后没有连词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，主语Joe和encourage之间是被动关系，用过去分词encouraged，句首单词首字母大写，故填Encouraged 76．考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：很快，数学时间之后是艺术时间。句子描述过去法身，应用一般过去时，主语math time和follow之间是被动关系，time不可数，be动词应用was。故填was followed。 77．考查介词。句意：所有的孩子在这样的日子里自然而然地画出黑暗的画面。on such a day表示“在那样的一天”，为固定用法，故填on。 78．考查形容词。句意：从那以后，乔开始承担比以前更具挑战性的任务。分析可知空处应为形容作定语修饰空后名词tasks，more challenging是比较级，意为“更有挑战性的”，故填challenging。 79．考查名词。句意：“为什么那个暴风雨的日子改变了乔？”他谨慎地提出了这个问题。with后接名词作宾语，caution意为“谨慎”，为不可数名词，故填caution。 80．考查名词。句意：在毕业典礼上，乔向老师赠送了他最熟悉的收藏——明亮的黄色太阳的照片。根据空前最高级most familiar可知空处应为名词单数，作宾语，故填collection。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$