05 历史地理-2024-2025学年七年级英语上学期同步拓展主题阅读(新教材通用版)

主题05 历史地理 主题简析 初中英语阅读理解中的历史地理主题‌主要考察学生对历史事件、‌地理现象及其相关知识的理解与应用能力。‌在历史方面，‌学生需关注事件发生的时间、‌地点、‌原因及影响等要素；‌在地理方面，‌则常结合旅游观光等内容，‌要求学生了解各地的名胜古迹、‌遗址等。该主题语境下的阅读语篇常见的话题如下：（1）‌历史事件‌：‌包括重要历史事件的发生时间、‌地点、‌原因及其影响等‌；（2）‌地理知识‌：‌常结合旅游观光等内容，‌考察学生对各地名胜古迹、‌遗址等的了解‌；（3）‌自然地理‌：‌涉及山川河流、‌季节变化、‌天气状况等自然现象的描述与理解‌；（4）‌文化地理‌：‌探讨不同地区的历史文化、‌风土人情等，‌如介绍某个国家或地区的地理位置、‌特色景观等‌。 词句积累 与历史地理相关的句子表达例析‌ 1.‌Dubai is a city of big business, expensive hotels, skyscrapers, and shopping malls. In the early 20th century, Dubai was a successful trading port.‌ （‌这句话描述了迪拜的历史和现状，‌涉及地理和商业历史。‌）‌‌ 2.‌This building which has a long history can date back to the Ming Dynasty.‌ （‌这句话涉及历史地理，‌描述了一座有悠久历史的建筑。‌）‌‌ 3.‌Geographically, China is located in the Northern Hemisphere.‌ （‌这句话是关于中国地理位置的描述，‌属于地理知识。‌）‌‌ 4.‌The historic city of Venice stretches across a shallow saltwater lagoon in northeast Italy.‌ （‌这句话描述了威尼斯的地理位置和历史背景。‌）‌‌‌ 5.‌The Great Wall of China is a famous historical site in China.‌ （‌中国的长城是中国的一个著名历史遗迹。‌）‌ 6.‌Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world, located in Asia.‌ （‌珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰，‌位于亚洲。‌）‌ 7.‌The Nile River is one of the longest rivers in the world, flowing through Africa.‌ （‌尼罗河是世界上最长的河流之一，‌流经非洲。‌）‌ ‌The study of geography includes understanding the climate and weather patterns of different regions.‌ （‌地理学研究包括了解不同地区的气候和天气模式。‌）‌ 8.‌Confucius, born in the Kingdom of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period, is considered one of the greatest teachers in Chinese history.‌ （‌孔子，‌生于春秋时期的鲁国，‌被认为是中国历史上最伟大的教育家之一。‌）‌ 9.‌Zhuge Liang, known for his wisdom and strategic mind, is famous for the story of "Borrowing Arrows with Straw Boats" from the Three Kingdoms period.‌ （‌诸葛亮，‌以其智慧和战略头脑著称，‌因三国时期的“草船借箭”故事而闻名。‌） 10.‌Albert Einstein, born in Germany in 1879, revolutionized physics with his Theory of Relativity.‌ （‌阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦，‌1879年生于德国，‌以其相对论彻底改变了物理学。‌）‌ 11.‌Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi, known for their profound friendship, are symbols of the ideal Chinese friendship as described in ancient stories.‌ （‌俞伯牙和钟子期，‌以其深厚的友谊而闻名，‌是古代故事中理想中国友谊的象征。‌） 与历史地理相关的谚语‌ 1.‌Rome was not built in a day‌.(‌罗马非一日建成。‌这句谚语用来比喻成功需要时间和努力，‌不是一蹴而就的。)‌ 2.‌Out of sight, out of mind.(‌眼不见，‌心不烦。‌这句谚语强调了视野对人类思维的影响，‌与地理学的观察和研究方法相呼应。)‌ 3.‌Every potter praises his pot.(‌王婆卖瓜，‌自卖自夸。‌虽然这句谚语本身不直接涉及历史地理，‌但它反映了人类文化中共有的自夸倾向，‌这种倾向也可能在地理发现和历史叙述中出现。)‌ 4.‌Where there is a will, there is a way.(‌有志者事竟成。‌这句谚语强调了意志和决心的重要性，‌虽然不直接关联历史地理，‌但适用于任何需要努力和决心的领域，‌包括学习和探索地理知识。) 5.‌All roads lead to Rome.（‌条条大路通罗马。‌这句谚语意味着达到目的地的途径可能有很多，‌类似于地理上的多条路线可以到达同一个目的地。）‌ 6.‌Do in Rome as the Romans do.（‌入乡随俗。‌这句谚语强调了在不同地方要尊重当地的风俗习惯，‌与地理和文化多样性有关。）‌ 7.‌East or west, home is best.(‌金窝银窝，‌不如自己的狗窝。‌这句谚语与地理上的家园和归属感有关，‌强调了无论走到哪里，‌家总是最温暖的地方。)‌‌ 综合演练 1 （23-24七年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）Who is the best teacher in Chinese history? Many would say Confucius (孔夫子). Confucius is a great teacher. He has about 3,000 students, and many of them are great thinkers. Now people still love him after so many years because his ideas help them a lot. His most important (重要的) ideas are to be kind to others and be honest (诚实的). Confucius said that young people should look after the old. Brothers and sisters should love each other. Everyone should be strict (严格的) with themselves, and be kind to others. People think Confucian ideas will make the world a better (更好的) place. 1．How many students does Confucius have? A．About 300. B．About 3,000. C．About 30. D．About 30,000. 2．Why do many people still love Confucius now? A．Because he is very old. B．Because he has many students. C．Because his ideas help them a lot. D．Because he is kind to others. 3．Which is the best title (标题) of this passage? A．Confucius’s students B．The best teacher in Chinese history C．Be kind to others D．Make a better world 2 （23-24七年级上·山东淄博·期中）The Silk Road was an ancient trade route (古代贸易路线) that connected (连接) the East and the West together. It is more than six thousand miles from Asia to Europe. The Silk Road got its name from the silk. Few traders went along the Silk Road. The route was too long. There were also difficulties along the way. In some places, people along the road didn’t think the traders were right. Some countries would not let traders from other countries go through their countries. Traders thought of an idea. They made staging points (中转站) on the Silk Road. They put their goods (货物) at one point. Then they traveled to another point. There, they would give the goods to the next group of drivers. Traders from the East brought silk, gold and other useful things to the West. People wanted to have treasures from far-off lands very much. More goods were moved along the Silk Road. Ideas from other lands were moved, too. They heard new languages. Knowledge about science was passed along. 4．It is more than ________ from Asia to Europe. A．5,000 miles B．6,000 miles C．6,000 kilometers D．5,000 kilometers 5．Why did few traders finish going along the Silk Road? A．Because the road was too long and there were many difficulties. B．Because they didn’t know how long it was. C．Because it was ended in Europe. D．Because people along the road thought they were wrong. 6．What does the underlined word “They” refer to? A．The Asian. B．The European. C．The traders. D．The countries. 7．From the passage, we can infer (推断) that__________. A．many countries were kind to traders B．some traders worked in the staging points C．clothes were brought from the West to the East D．people wanted to have silk and gold from Europe 8．What is the passage mainly about? A．Traders had many difficulties along the Silk Road. B．Goods were moved along the Silk Road. C．Knowledge were passed along the Silk Road. D．The Silk Road connected the East and the West. 3 （21-22七年级上·广东深圳·期中）I come from Jinggangshan in Jiangxi. To many people, my hometown and the color red go hand in hand. It is red not just because of the red azaleas (映山红) on the mountains in spring. It is red because the CPC(中国共产党) found a new way to lead the Chinese revolution (革命). Let me tell you more about my hometown to you. I am not just a middle school student. I am also a docent (讲解员) at the former residence(旧居) of Mao Zedong in Jinggangshan. I tell visitors stories about him and other heroes. In 1927, the CPC met some difficulties. Our army couldn’t beat its enemies in cities. The CPC needed to find a new way to win. In 1928, the CPC founded (建立) the Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base (根据地). There, the army united farmers and workers together. The army also helped them live a better life. Slowly, the army encircled (包围) the cities from the countryside. The Chinese revolution turned a new page. 9．Why does the writer’s hometown go hand in hand with the color red? A．Because of the red flowers on the mountains in spring. B．Because the CPC found a new way to lead the Chinese revolution. C．Because people in Jinggangshan think red is the lucky color. D．Both A and B． 10．What may the writer do at the former residence of Mao Zedong? A．He may make a speech. B．He may live at it. C．He may only tell visitors stories of Mao Zedong. D．He may tell visitors stories of Mao Zedong and the Chinese revolution. 11．What does the underlined word “united “mean? A．made...get together B．took part in C．provided...with money D．spent time with 12．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．How the CPC met some difficulties in the Chinese revolution. B．How the CPC found a new way in the Chinese revolution. C．What did the CPC do to help farmers live a better life. D．When the CPC founded the the Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base. 13．Why does the writer write this passage? A．Because he wants to tell us stories of Jinggangshan and Mao Zedong B．Because he wants to tell stories of the former residence of Mao Zedong C．Because he wants to tell us stories of Jinggangshan and the Chinese revolution. D．Because he is a docent in Jinggangshan and it is his job. 4 （22-23七年级上·山东东营·期末）Cao Chong weighed an elephant A long time ago, there were no elephants in China. One day, a Chinese king got an elephant as a gift from another country. People were very happy to see this big animal.   Everyone was excited about it and had a question: How much does it weigh? But there was a problem: How to weigh it? At that time, no scales (秤) in China were big enough to weigh such a large animal. The king had a six-year-old son named Cao Chong. He said, “Father, I know how to weigh it.” Firstly, nobody believed the boy. But after he told them his idea, they all thought it was a good one. “Here’s what you do, follow me.” the boy said to the ministers (大臣). “Let the elephant stand in a big boat on the water. Draw a line on the side of the boat at the water level (水平面). Then let the elephant off the boat. Collect a lot of big stones. Put the stones on the boat until the boat falls to the same water level. Then take the stones out of the boat and weigh them one by one. In this way, we can know the weight of the stones. Finally, you can know how much the elephant weighs.” “Wonderful! Wonderful!” shouted the people. Soon everyone in the country knew that the king had a clever son. 14．Who got an elephant as a gift? A．Cao Chong. B．The ministers. C．A Chinese king. D．Everyone in the country. 15．Why couldn’t they weigh the elephant at first? A．Because the scales were not big enough. B．Because people were not strong enough. C．Because people were afraid of the elephant. D．Because the ministers didn’t follow Cao Chong. 16．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 2? A．The king. B．The elephant. C．Cao Chong’s idea. D．The ministers’ words. 17．Which is the correct order of weighing the elephant? ① Take the stones out of the boat and weigh the stones. ② Make the elephant stand in a boat. ③ Put some stones on the boat until the boat falls to the line. ④ Draw a line and make the elephant off the boat. A．②④①③ B．②③①④ C．③④①② D．②④③① 18．What do you think of Cao Chong? A．Clever. B．Strict. C．Excited. D．Popular. 5 （22-23七年级上·湖北武汉·期中）In the Western Han Dynasty(西汉时期), there is a boy named Kuang Heng. He is born in a poor family so he doesn’t have enough money to go to school. Kuang Heng likes reading books very much. But he has to work during the day and can only read books during the night. The only problem is that he has no money to buy a candle(蜡烛). So it often takes him half a month to finish reading a book. He always feels sad and blue. One day, he finds that his neighbor has candles. But the man lives next to his house and the light from the candles can’t go through his wall. Suddenly, an idea comes to him. “I can make a hole(洞) on the wall so that the light from my neighbor’s house can come to mine”, he says to himself. From that day on, Kuang Heng reads books every night until the light goes out(熄灭). Finally, he becomes a great scholar(学者). 19．Why does it often take Kuang Heng half a month to finish a book? A．Because he is a slow reader. B．Because he doesn’t like reading. C．Because he has no money. D．Because he doesn’t have time or light. 20．Kuang Heng makes a hole on his wall to ________. A．read with his neighbor’s light B．steal(偷) his neighbor’s candles C．ask his neighbor to read with him D．show he is good at reading 21．Kuang Heng might feel ________ when he has the idea. A．sad B．happy C．blue D．thankful 22．Which of the following is true? A．Kuang Heng’s parents doesn’t want him to go to school. B．Kuang Heng’s neighbor is angry when he knows about the hole. C．Kuang Heng asks his neighbor to keep the light on every night. D．Kuang Heng loves reading and he finds every way to do it. 23．What’s the best title of this passage? A．No Money to Read. B．Read through the Hole. C．Candles Are Important. D．A Rich Neighbor. 6 （22-23七年级上·广东深圳·期末）Qatar is a small country in the Middle East. It is the host country for the 2022 FIFA World Cup. Here are some fun facts about this Asian country. Though small, Qatar is also among those richest countries. It is natural rich because the oil and gas under the ground are more than you can imagine! The country spends on the 2022 FIFA World Cup 60 times as much money as South Africa once did. Qatar is warm all year round and gets very hot in summer. Sandstorms happen from time to time and it seldom rains! The weather is the main reason for Qatar to hold the 2022 World Cup in November and December, different from the previous（以前的）events in June and July. But can you imagine Qatar is also the only country where the sea meets the desert? How interesting it is! People around the country are football fans. Football is the most popular sport and it has many beautiful football stadiums. Cycling and running are people’s daily sports because the country is very flat, actually the second flattest in the world. Qatar welcomes people from all over the world! Not only does it have the best airline service but also it is the safest place for visitors. Why not spread your wings and visit Qatar? 24．Where is Qatar? A．In Europe. B．In Africa. C．In Asia. D．In North America. 25．What is the weather like in Qatar? A．Cool and windy. B．Hot and dry. C．Warm and rainy. D．Cold and wet. 26．What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．Delicious food in Qatar. B．Popular sports in Qatar. C．Traditional activities in Qatar. D．Places of interest in Qatar. 27．What can we learn from the passage? A．Qatar is rich because it has a lot of oil and gas. B．Qatar is a country where the sea meets the forest. C．Qatar holds the 2022 World Cup in June and July. D．Qatar is the smallest and flattest country in the world. 28．Where can we probably read the passage? A．In a news report. B．In a storybook. C．In a sports magazine. D．In a travel guide. 7 （2023·吉林·中考真题）①There are 56 ethnic (民族的) groups in China. Different ethnic groups have their own special cultures. Let’s enjoy some of them. ②The Bai people use a very old way, tie-dye (扎染), to dye clothes. Tie-dye has a history of nearly 1,500 years. During the Tang and Song dynasties, people chose tie-dyed clothes as gifts. ③The Mongolian people live in the Mongolian yurts (蒙古包). These yurts are large round tents and their tops look like umbrellas. They are the traditional homes of the Mongolian people. The yurts are usually white because they’re made of sheep’s wool. And white is a symbol of happiness. ④The Zhuang people like singing even more than talking. On the third day of the third Chinese lunar (阴历的) month, they hold a big singing festival. It is thrilling and wonderful. Men and women singers sing in pairs. The winners are the “king” and “queen” of singing. ⑤The Miao people have a special festival, Manghao Festival. It’s in the first Chinese lunar month every year. The Miao people regard Manghao as a hero who helped to protect their homes. At the festival, young men dress up like Manghao and touch others to send good wishes. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 29．Who uses tie-dye to dye clothes most? A．The Bai people. B．The Mongolian people. C．The Miao people. D．The Zhuang people. 30．What’s the Mongolian yurt? A．A traditional home. B．A big festival. C．A special song. D．A good wish. 31．What does the underlined word “thrilling” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Quiet. B．Slow. C．Exciting. D．Easy. 32．How do people celebrate Manghao Festival? A．By choosing tie-dyed clothes as gifts. B．By building tents. C．By singing songs. D．By dressing up and touching others. 33．Which is the right structure(结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2, ...) A． B． C． D． 8 （22-23七年级上·全国·单元测试）Mexico’s neighbours are the United States to the north and Guatemala and Belize to the south. Mexico is about one quarter of the size of the United States. Mexico has more than one hundred million people. The language of Mexico is Spanish. This makes Mexico the world’s largest Spanish-speaking country. Mexico City is the capital and largest city of Mexico. The city is also very high. It is 7,349 feet high (2,240 metres). This makes it one of the highest capital cities in the world. The population of Mexico City grows fast. About twenty-two million people live there. Mexico also has its specialties (特色). Many of the foods we eat started in Mexico. Foods like beans, maize, avocados, tomatoes, peanuts, chili peppers, vanilla, and chocolate come from Mexico. 34．What’s the size of USA? A．Three quarters of the size of Mexico. B．One quarter of the size of Mexico. C．Four times of the size of Mexico. D．Two quarters of the size of Mexico. 35．What language do Mexicans speak? A．English. B．French. C．Spanish. D．Latin. 36．Which of the following is NOT true? A．Mexico City is the capital of Mexico. B．The population (人口) of Mexico City is about 22,000,000. C．Mexico is the largest Spanish-speaking country in the world. D．Mexico City is the highest cities in the world. 37．Where were tomatoes first grown? A．In America. B．In Spain. C．In Tokyo. D．In Mexico. 38．What is the best title for the passage? A．Mexico City B．Mexico’s Plants C．Mexico D．Mexico’s People 9 （19-20七年级上·全国·期末）These days, most people in the UK and the US wear informal（非正式的）clothes. But sometimes it is important to wear the right thing. Many British people don't think about clothes very much. When they go out to enjoy themselves, they can wear almost（几乎）anything. At theatres, cinemas and concerts you can put on anything you like: from beautiful suits（套装）and dresses to jeans and sweaters. Anything goes, but you should look clean and tidy. But in the UK, as well as in the US, men in offices usually wear suits and ties and women wear dresses or skirts (not trousers). Doctors and business people always wear quite formal clothes. And in some hotels（宾馆）and restaurants men have to wear ties and women have to wear tidy dresses. In many ways, Americans are less formal than British people, but they are more careful with their clothes. At home, or on holiday, most Americans wear informal or sports clothes. But when they go out in the evening, they like to look nice. In good hotels and restaurants, men have to wear jackets and ties, and women have to wear pretty clothes. It is difficult to say exactly（确切地）what people wear in the UK and the US, because everyone is different. If you are not sure what to wear, watch what other people do and then do the same. You'll feel good if you don't look too different from everyone else. 39．People in the UK and the US wear informal clothes when they_______. A．are in big restaurants B．are in offices C．go out to enjoy themselves D．go out to work 40．At concerts British people_______. A．should wear sweaters B．can wear anything they like C．should wear suits and ties D．have to wear sports clothes 41．Women in the UK and the US have to wear tidy dresses when they are_______. A．in offices B．meeting friends at home C．at a party in a nice hotel D．having dinner in some top restaurants 42．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Women can't wear trousers in offices. B．We should wear differently because everyone is different. C．What British and American people wear now. D．British people are more careful with their clothes than American people. ( 6 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 主题05 历史地理 主题简析 初中英语阅读理解中的历史地理主题‌主要考察学生对历史事件、‌地理现象及其相关知识的理解与应用能力。‌在历史方面，‌学生需关注事件发生的时间、‌地点、‌原因及影响等要素；‌在地理方面，‌则常结合旅游观光等内容，‌要求学生了解各地的名胜古迹、‌遗址等。该主题语境下的阅读语篇常见的话题如下：（1）‌历史事件‌：‌包括重要历史事件的发生时间、‌地点、‌原因及其影响等‌；（2）‌地理知识‌：‌常结合旅游观光等内容，‌考察学生对各地名胜古迹、‌遗址等的了解‌；（3）‌自然地理‌：‌涉及山川河流、‌季节变化、‌天气状况等自然现象的描述与理解‌；（4）‌文化地理‌：‌探讨不同地区的历史文化、‌风土人情等，‌如介绍某个国家或地区的地理位置、‌特色景观等‌。 词句积累 与历史地理相关的句子表达例析‌ 1.‌Dubai is a city of big business, expensive hotels, skyscrapers, and shopping malls. In the early 20th century, Dubai was a successful trading port.‌ （‌这句话描述了迪拜的历史和现状，‌涉及地理和商业历史。‌）‌‌ 2.‌This building which has a long history can date back to the Ming Dynasty.‌ （‌这句话涉及历史地理，‌描述了一座有悠久历史的建筑。‌）‌‌ 3.‌Geographically, China is located in the Northern Hemisphere.‌ （‌这句话是关于中国地理位置的描述，‌属于地理知识。‌）‌‌ 4.‌The historic city of Venice stretches across a shallow saltwater lagoon in northeast Italy.‌ （‌这句话描述了威尼斯的地理位置和历史背景。‌）‌‌‌ 5.‌The Great Wall of China is a famous historical site in China.‌ （‌中国的长城是中国的一个著名历史遗迹。‌）‌ 6.‌Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world, located in Asia.‌ （‌珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰，‌位于亚洲。‌）‌ 7.‌The Nile River is one of the longest rivers in the world, flowing through Africa.‌ （‌尼罗河是世界上最长的河流之一，‌流经非洲。‌）‌ ‌The study of geography includes understanding the climate and weather patterns of different regions.‌ （‌地理学研究包括了解不同地区的气候和天气模式。‌）‌ 8.‌Confucius, born in the Kingdom of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period, is considered one of the greatest teachers in Chinese history.‌ （‌孔子，‌生于春秋时期的鲁国，‌被认为是中国历史上最伟大的教育家之一。‌）‌ 9.‌Zhuge Liang, known for his wisdom and strategic mind, is famous for the story of "Borrowing Arrows with Straw Boats" from the Three Kingdoms period.‌ （‌诸葛亮，‌以其智慧和战略头脑著称，‌因三国时期的“草船借箭”故事而闻名。‌） 10.‌Albert Einstein, born in Germany in 1879, revolutionized physics with his Theory of Relativity.‌ （‌阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦，‌1879年生于德国，‌以其相对论彻底改变了物理学。‌）‌ 11.‌Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi, known for their profound friendship, are symbols of the ideal Chinese friendship as described in ancient stories.‌ （‌俞伯牙和钟子期，‌以其深厚的友谊而闻名，‌是古代故事中理想中国友谊的象征。‌） 与历史地理相关的谚语‌ 1.‌Rome was not built in a day‌.(‌罗马非一日建成。‌这句谚语用来比喻成功需要时间和努力，‌不是一蹴而就的。)‌ 2.‌Out of sight, out of mind.(‌眼不见，‌心不烦。‌这句谚语强调了视野对人类思维的影响，‌与地理学的观察和研究方法相呼应。)‌ 3.‌Every potter praises his pot.(‌王婆卖瓜，‌自卖自夸。‌虽然这句谚语本身不直接涉及历史地理，‌但它反映了人类文化中共有的自夸倾向，‌这种倾向也可能在地理发现和历史叙述中出现。)‌ 4.‌Where there is a will, there is a way.(‌有志者事竟成。‌这句谚语强调了意志和决心的重要性，‌虽然不直接关联历史地理，‌但适用于任何需要努力和决心的领域，‌包括学习和探索地理知识。) 5.‌All roads lead to Rome.（‌条条大路通罗马。‌这句谚语意味着达到目的地的途径可能有很多，‌类似于地理上的多条路线可以到达同一个目的地。）‌ 6.‌Do in Rome as the Romans do.（‌入乡随俗。‌这句谚语强调了在不同地方要尊重当地的风俗习惯，‌与地理和文化多样性有关。）‌ 7.‌East or west, home is best.(‌金窝银窝，‌不如自己的狗窝。‌这句谚语与地理上的家园和归属感有关，‌强调了无论走到哪里，‌家总是最温暖的地方。)‌‌ 综合演练 1 （23-24七年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）Who is the best teacher in Chinese history? Many would say Confucius (孔夫子). Confucius is a great teacher. He has about 3,000 students, and many of them are great thinkers. Now people still love him after so many years because his ideas help them a lot. His most important (重要的) ideas are to be kind to others and be honest (诚实的). Confucius said that young people should look after the old. Brothers and sisters should love each other. Everyone should be strict (严格的) with themselves, and be kind to others. People think Confucian ideas will make the world a better (更好的) place. 1．How many students does Confucius have? A．About 300. B．About 3,000. C．About 30. D．About 30,000. 2．Why do many people still love Confucius now? A．Because he is very old. B．Because he has many students. C．Because his ideas help them a lot. D．Because he is kind to others. 3．Which is the best title (标题) of this passage? A．Confucius’s students B．The best teacher in Chinese history C．Be kind to others D．Make a better world 2 （23-24七年级上·山东淄博·期中）The Silk Road was an ancient trade route (古代贸易路线) that connected (连接) the East and the West together. It is more than six thousand miles from Asia to Europe. The Silk Road got its name from the silk. Few traders went along the Silk Road. The route was too long. There were also difficulties along the way. In some places, people along the road didn’t think the traders were right. Some countries would not let traders from other countries go through their countries. Traders thought of an idea. They made staging points (中转站) on the Silk Road. They put their goods (货物) at one point. Then they traveled to another point. There, they would give the goods to the next group of drivers. Traders from the East brought silk, gold and other useful things to the West. People wanted to have treasures from far-off lands very much. More goods were moved along the Silk Road. Ideas from other lands were moved, too. They heard new languages. Knowledge about science was passed along. 4．It is more than ________ from Asia to Europe. A．5,000 miles B．6,000 miles C．6,000 kilometers D．5,000 kilometers 5．Why did few traders finish going along the Silk Road? A．Because the road was too long and there were many difficulties. B．Because they didn’t know how long it was. C．Because it was ended in Europe. D．Because people along the road thought they were wrong. 6．What does the underlined word “They” refer to? A．The Asian. B．The European. C．The traders. D．The countries. 7．From the passage, we can infer (推断) that__________. A．many countries were kind to traders B．some traders worked in the staging points C．clothes were brought from the West to the East D．people wanted to have silk and gold from Europe 8．What is the passage mainly about? A．Traders had many difficulties along the Silk Road. B．Goods were moved along the Silk Road. C．Knowledge were passed along the Silk Road. D．The Silk Road connected the East and the West. 3 （21-22七年级上·广东深圳·期中）I come from Jinggangshan in Jiangxi. To many people, my hometown and the color red go hand in hand. It is red not just because of the red azaleas (映山红) on the mountains in spring. It is red because the CPC(中国共产党) found a new way to lead the Chinese revolution (革命). Let me tell you more about my hometown to you. I am not just a middle school student. I am also a docent (讲解员) at the former residence(旧居) of Mao Zedong in Jinggangshan. I tell visitors stories about him and other heroes. In 1927, the CPC met some difficulties. Our army couldn’t beat its enemies in cities. The CPC needed to find a new way to win. In 1928, the CPC founded (建立) the Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base (根据地). There, the army united farmers and workers together. The army also helped them live a better life. Slowly, the army encircled (包围) the cities from the countryside. The Chinese revolution turned a new page. 9．Why does the writer’s hometown go hand in hand with the color red? A．Because of the red flowers on the mountains in spring. B．Because the CPC found a new way to lead the Chinese revolution. C．Because people in Jinggangshan think red is the lucky color. D．Both A and B． 10．What may the writer do at the former residence of Mao Zedong? A．He may make a speech. B．He may live at it. C．He may only tell visitors stories of Mao Zedong. D．He may tell visitors stories of Mao Zedong and the Chinese revolution. 11．What does the underlined word “united “mean? A．made...get together B．took part in C．provided...with money D．spent time with 12．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．How the CPC met some difficulties in the Chinese revolution. B．How the CPC found a new way in the Chinese revolution. C．What did the CPC do to help farmers live a better life. D．When the CPC founded the the Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base. 13．Why does the writer write this passage? A．Because he wants to tell us stories of Jinggangshan and Mao Zedong B．Because he wants to tell stories of the former residence of Mao Zedong C．Because he wants to tell us stories of Jinggangshan and the Chinese revolution. D．Because he is a docent in Jinggangshan and it is his job. 4 （22-23七年级上·山东东营·期末）Cao Chong weighed an elephant A long time ago, there were no elephants in China. One day, a Chinese king got an elephant as a gift from another country. People were very happy to see this big animal.   Everyone was excited about it and had a question: How much does it weigh? But there was a problem: How to weigh it? At that time, no scales (秤) in China were big enough to weigh such a large animal. The king had a six-year-old son named Cao Chong. He said, “Father, I know how to weigh it.” Firstly, nobody believed the boy. But after he told them his idea, they all thought it was a good one. “Here’s what you do, follow me.” the boy said to the ministers (大臣). “Let the elephant stand in a big boat on the water. Draw a line on the side of the boat at the water level (水平面). Then let the elephant off the boat. Collect a lot of big stones. Put the stones on the boat until the boat falls to the same water level. Then take the stones out of the boat and weigh them one by one. In this way, we can know the weight of the stones. Finally, you can know how much the elephant weighs.” “Wonderful! Wonderful!” shouted the people. Soon everyone in the country knew that the king had a clever son. 14．Who got an elephant as a gift? A．Cao Chong. B．The ministers. C．A Chinese king. D．Everyone in the country. 15．Why couldn’t they weigh the elephant at first? A．Because the scales were not big enough. B．Because people were not strong enough. C．Because people were afraid of the elephant. D．Because the ministers didn’t follow Cao Chong. 16．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 2? A．The king. B．The elephant. C．Cao Chong’s idea. D．The ministers’ words. 17．Which is the correct order of weighing the elephant? ① Take the stones out of the boat and weigh the stones. ② Make the elephant stand in a boat. ③ Put some stones on the boat until the boat falls to the line. ④ Draw a line and make the elephant off the boat. A．②④①③ B．②③①④ C．③④①② D．②④③① 18．What do you think of Cao Chong? A．Clever. B．Strict. C．Excited. D．Popular. 5 （22-23七年级上·湖北武汉·期中）In the Western Han Dynasty(西汉时期), there is a boy named Kuang Heng. He is born in a poor family so he doesn’t have enough money to go to school. Kuang Heng likes reading books very much. But he has to work during the day and can only read books during the night. The only problem is that he has no money to buy a candle(蜡烛). So it often takes him half a month to finish reading a book. He always feels sad and blue. One day, he finds that his neighbor has candles. But the man lives next to his house and the light from the candles can’t go through his wall. Suddenly, an idea comes to him. “I can make a hole(洞) on the wall so that the light from my neighbor’s house can come to mine”, he says to himself. From that day on, Kuang Heng reads books every night until the light goes out(熄灭). Finally, he becomes a great scholar(学者). 19．Why does it often take Kuang Heng half a month to finish a book? A．Because he is a slow reader. B．Because he doesn’t like reading. C．Because he has no money. D．Because he doesn’t have time or light. 20．Kuang Heng makes a hole on his wall to ________. A．read with his neighbor’s light B．steal(偷) his neighbor’s candles C．ask his neighbor to read with him D．show he is good at reading 21．Kuang Heng might feel ________ when he has the idea. A．sad B．happy C．blue D．thankful 22．Which of the following is true? A．Kuang Heng’s parents doesn’t want him to go to school. B．Kuang Heng’s neighbor is angry when he knows about the hole. C．Kuang Heng asks his neighbor to keep the light on every night. D．Kuang Heng loves reading and he finds every way to do it. 23．What’s the best title of this passage? A．No Money to Read. B．Read through the Hole. C．Candles Are Important. D．A Rich Neighbor. 6 （22-23七年级上·广东深圳·期末）Qatar is a small country in the Middle East. It is the host country for the 2022 FIFA World Cup. Here are some fun facts about this Asian country. Though small, Qatar is also among those richest countries. It is natural rich because the oil and gas under the ground are more than you can imagine! The country spends on the 2022 FIFA World Cup 60 times as much money as South Africa once did. Qatar is warm all year round and gets very hot in summer. Sandstorms happen from time to time and it seldom rains! The weather is the main reason for Qatar to hold the 2022 World Cup in November and December, different from the previous（以前的）events in June and July. But can you imagine Qatar is also the only country where the sea meets the desert? How interesting it is! People around the country are football fans. Football is the most popular sport and it has many beautiful football stadiums. Cycling and running are people’s daily sports because the country is very flat, actually the second flattest in the world. Qatar welcomes people from all over the world! Not only does it have the best airline service but also it is the safest place for visitors. Why not spread your wings and visit Qatar? 24．Where is Qatar? A．In Europe. B．In Africa. C．In Asia. D．In North America. 25．What is the weather like in Qatar? A．Cool and windy. B．Hot and dry. C．Warm and rainy. D．Cold and wet. 26．What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．Delicious food in Qatar. B．Popular sports in Qatar. C．Traditional activities in Qatar. D．Places of interest in Qatar. 27．What can we learn from the passage? A．Qatar is rich because it has a lot of oil and gas. B．Qatar is a country where the sea meets the forest. C．Qatar holds the 2022 World Cup in June and July. D．Qatar is the smallest and flattest country in the world. 28．Where can we probably read the passage? A．In a news report. B．In a storybook. C．In a sports magazine. D．In a travel guide. 7 （2023·吉林·中考真题）①There are 56 ethnic (民族的) groups in China. Different ethnic groups have their own special cultures. Let’s enjoy some of them. ②The Bai people use a very old way, tie-dye (扎染), to dye clothes. Tie-dye has a history of nearly 1,500 years. During the Tang and Song dynasties, people chose tie-dyed clothes as gifts. ③The Mongolian people live in the Mongolian yurts (蒙古包). These yurts are large round tents and their tops look like umbrellas. They are the traditional homes of the Mongolian people. The yurts are usually white because they’re made of sheep’s wool. And white is a symbol of happiness. ④The Zhuang people like singing even more than talking. On the third day of the third Chinese lunar (阴历的) month, they hold a big singing festival. It is thrilling and wonderful. Men and women singers sing in pairs. The winners are the “king” and “queen” of singing. ⑤The Miao people have a special festival, Manghao Festival. It’s in the first Chinese lunar month every year. The Miao people regard Manghao as a hero who helped to protect their homes. At the festival, young men dress up like Manghao and touch others to send good wishes. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 29．Who uses tie-dye to dye clothes most? A．The Bai people. B．The Mongolian people. C．The Miao people. D．The Zhuang people. 30．What’s the Mongolian yurt? A．A traditional home. B．A big festival. C．A special song. D．A good wish. 31．What does the underlined word “thrilling” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Quiet. B．Slow. C．Exciting. D．Easy. 32．How do people celebrate Manghao Festival? A．By choosing tie-dyed clothes as gifts. B．By building tents. C．By singing songs. D．By dressing up and touching others. 33．Which is the right structure(结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2, ...) A． B． C． D． 8 （22-23七年级上·全国·单元测试）Mexico’s neighbours are the United States to the north and Guatemala and Belize to the south. Mexico is about one quarter of the size of the United States. Mexico has more than one hundred million people. The language of Mexico is Spanish. This makes Mexico the world’s largest Spanish-speaking country. Mexico City is the capital and largest city of Mexico. The city is also very high. It is 7,349 feet high (2,240 metres). This makes it one of the highest capital cities in the world. The population of Mexico City grows fast. About twenty-two million people live there. Mexico also has its specialties (特色). Many of the foods we eat started in Mexico. Foods like beans, maize, avocados, tomatoes, peanuts, chili peppers, vanilla, and chocolate come from Mexico. 34．What’s the size of USA? A．Three quarters of the size of Mexico. B．One quarter of the size of Mexico. C．Four times of the size of Mexico. D．Two quarters of the size of Mexico. 35．What language do Mexicans speak? A．English. B．French. C．Spanish. D．Latin. 36．Which of the following is NOT true? A．Mexico City is the capital of Mexico. B．The population (人口) of Mexico City is about 22,000,000. C．Mexico is the largest Spanish-speaking country in the world. D．Mexico City is the highest cities in the world. 37．Where were tomatoes first grown? A．In America. B．In Spain. C．In Tokyo. D．In Mexico. 38．What is the best title for the passage? A．Mexico City B．Mexico’s Plants C．Mexico D．Mexico’s People 9 （19-20七年级上·全国·期末）These days, most people in the UK and the US wear informal（非正式的）clothes. But sometimes it is important to wear the right thing. Many British people don't think about clothes very much. When they go out to enjoy themselves, they can wear almost（几乎）anything. At theatres, cinemas and concerts you can put on anything you like: from beautiful suits（套装）and dresses to jeans and sweaters. Anything goes, but you should look clean and tidy. But in the UK, as well as in the US, men in offices usually wear suits and ties and women wear dresses or skirts (not trousers). Doctors and business people always wear quite formal clothes. And in some hotels（宾馆）and restaurants men have to wear ties and women have to wear tidy dresses. In many ways, Americans are less formal than British people, but they are more careful with their clothes. At home, or on holiday, most Americans wear informal or sports clothes. But when they go out in the evening, they like to look nice. In good hotels and restaurants, men have to wear jackets and ties, and women have to wear pretty clothes. It is difficult to say exactly（确切地）what people wear in the UK and the US, because everyone is different. If you are not sure what to wear, watch what other people do and then do the same. You'll feel good if you don't look too different from everyone else. 39．People in the UK and the US wear informal clothes when they_______. A．are in big restaurants B．are in offices C．go out to enjoy themselves D．go out to work 40．At concerts British people_______. A．should wear sweaters B．can wear anything they like C．should wear suits and ties D．have to wear sports clothes 41．Women in the UK and the US have to wear tidy dresses when they are_______. A．in offices B．meeting friends at home C．at a party in a nice hotel D．having dinner in some top restaurants 42．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Women can't wear trousers in offices. B．We should wear differently because everyone is different. C．What British and American people wear now. D．British people are more careful with their clothes than American people. 参考答案 1 1．B 2．C 3．B 【解析】本文介绍了中国伟大的老师——孔子的情况以及孔子的思想对后人的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“He has about 3,000 students, and many of them are great thinkers.”可知孔子有大约三千名学生。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Now people still love him after so many years because his ideas help them a lot.”可知许多人仍旧喜欢孔子是因为他的思想帮助他们很多。故选C。 3．标题归纳题，本文介绍了中国伟大的老师——孔子的情况以及孔子的思想对后人的影响。用“The best teacher in Chinese history”作标题最合适。故选B。 2 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 【解析】本文主要讲述了丝绸之路的历史和作用，丝绸之路是连接中西方贸易和文化交流的重要通道，通过丝绸之路，东方向西方输送了丝绸、黄金和其他有用的物品，同时西方也通过丝绸之路了解了来自其他国家和地区的文化和科学知识。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段“It is more than six thousand miles from Asia to Europe.”可知，从亚洲到欧洲有六千多英里。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Few traders went along the Silk Road. The route was too long. There were also difficulties along the way.”可知，很少有商人走完丝绸之路，因为路线太长了而且沿途有很多困难。故选A。 6．词义猜测题。根据第三段“Traders thought of an idea. They made staging points (中转站) on the Silk Road.”可知，商人们想出了一个主意：他们在丝绸之路上设立了中转站，所以划线的“They”指上文提到的Traders“商人们”，故选C。 7．推理判断题。根据第三段“Traders thought of an idea. They made staging points (中转站) on the Silk Road. They put their goods (货物) at one point. Then they traveled to another point. There, they would give the goods to the next group of drivers.”可推知，一些商人在中转站工作，故选B。 8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The Silk Road was an ancient trade route (古代贸易路线) that connected (连接) the East and the West together.”并通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了丝绸之路的历史和作用，丝绸之路是连接中西方贸易和文化交流的重要通道，故选D。 3 9．D 10．D 11．A 12．B 13．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了作者来自井冈山，并介绍了有关井冈山的相关信息。 9．细节理解题。根据“It is red not just because of the red azaleas (映山红) on the mountains in spring. It is red because the CPC(中国共产党) found a new way to lead the Chinese revolution”可知它是红色的不仅仅是因为春天山上的红色杜鹃花，也因为中国共产党找到了领导中国革命的新途径。故选D。 10．细节理解题。根据“I am also a docent (讲解员) at the former residence(旧居) of Mao Zedong in Jinggangshan. I tell visitors stories about him and other heroes.”可知作者给游客讲关于毛泽东和其他英雄的故事，结合下段内容可知，作者也会介绍中国革命的故事。故选D。 11．词义猜测题。根据“the army united farmers and workers together.”可知是把农民和工人团结在一起，故划线部分和made...get together意义相近。故选A。 12．主旨大意题。根据“In 1927, the CPC met some difficulties...The Chinese revolution turned a new page.”可知本段主要介绍了中国共产党是如何在中国革命中开辟新道路的。故选B。 13．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了作者来自井冈山，并介绍了有关井冈山的相关信息，所以作者写这篇文章主要是为了给读者讲井冈山和中国革命的故事。故选C。 4 14．C 15．A 16．C 17．D 18．A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲“曹冲称象”的故事。 14．细节理解题。根据“One day, a Chinese king got an elephant as a gift from another country.”可知，是中国的皇帝获得了一头大象作为礼物。故选C。 15．细节理解题。根据“At that time, no scales (秤) in China were big enough to weigh such a large animal.”可知，秤不够大所以不能称象。故选A。 16．词义猜测题。根据“Firstly, nobody believed the boy. But after he told them his idea, they all thought it was a good one.”可知，男孩想到一个主意，讲出来之后大家都觉得主意不错。故“it”指的是“idea”。故选C。 17．细节理解题。根据“Let the elephant stand in a big boat on the water. Draw a line on the side of the boat at the water level (水平面). Then let the elephant off the boat. Collect a lot of big stones. Put the stones on the boat until the boat falls to the same water level. Then take the stones out of the boat and weigh them one by one.”可知，曹冲称象的过程为：让大象站在船上——画一条线，让大象离开船——在船上放一些石头，直到船落在钓线上——把石头从船上拿出来，称一下石头。故选D。 18．推理判断题。根据“Soon everyone in the country knew that the king had a clever son.”和全文可知，六岁的曹冲能想出办法称象，可推知他是很聪明的。故选A。 5 19．D 20．A 21．B 22．D 23．B 【解析】本文讲述了中国古代一个叫做匡衡的学者的求学故事，这个故事叫做“凿壁借光”。 19．细节理解题。根据“But he has to work during the day and can only read books during the night. The only problem is that he has no money to buy a candle. So it often takes him half a month to finish reading a book.”可知匡衡常常要花半个月才能读完一本书是因为他没时间，也没光。故选D。 20．细节理解题。根据“I can make a hole on the wall so that the light from my neighbor’s house can come to mine”可知匡衡在墙上挖了个洞，借着邻居的灯看书。故选A。 21．细节理解题。根据“I can make a hole on the wall so that the light from my neighbor's house can come to mine”以及“From that day on, Kuang Heng reads books every night until the light goes out.”可知，匡衡每天晚上都能够读书直到烛光熄灭，所以想到这个主意应是感到很高兴。故选B。 22．推理判断题。根据“One day, he finds that his neighbor has candles, But the man lives next to his house and the light from the candles can’t go through his wall. Suddenly, an idea comes to him. ‘I can make a hole on the wall so that the light fro m my neighbor’s house can come to mine’, he says to himself.”可知匡衡喜欢读书，他想尽办法读书。故选D。 23．最佳标题题。根据“I can make a hole on the wall so that the light from my neighbor’s house can come to mine”以及“From that day on, Kuang Heng reads books every night until the light goes out.”可知，文章说的是匡衡通过墙上的洞透过来的光来读书。故选B。 6 24．C 25．B 26．B 27．A 28．C 【解析】本文介绍了卡塔尔的相关信息以及它举办世界杯的相关信息。 24．细节理解题。根据“Here are some fun facts about this Asian country.”（这里有一些关于这个亚洲国家的有趣事实。）可知卡塔尔是在亚洲。故选C。 25．细节理解题。根据“Qatar is warm all year round and gets very hot in summer. Sandstorms happen from time to time and it seldom rains!”（卡塔尔一年四季都很温暖，夏天非常热。沙尘暴时有发生，很少下雨！）可知卡塔尔又热又干燥。故选B。 26． 段落大意题。根据“People around the country are football fans.Football is the most popular sport and it has many beautiful football stadiums.”（全国各地的人都是足球迷。足球是最受欢迎的运动，它有许多漂亮的足球场。）及整段内容可知，第四段主要介绍卡塔尔最受欢迎的运动。故选B。 27．细节理解题。根据“Though small, Qatar is also among those richest countries. It is natural rich because the oil and gas under the ground are more than you can imagine! ”（卡塔尔虽然很小，但也是最富有的国家之一。它自然丰富，因为地下的石油和天然气比你想象的要多！）可知，卡塔尔很富有，因为它有大量的石油和天然气。A项符合文意。故选A。 28．文章来源题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了卡塔尔的相关信息以及它举办世界杯的相关信息。所以文章最可能出现在体育杂志上。故选C。 7 29．A 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国56个民族中的几个。 29．细节理解题。根据“The Bai people use a very old way, tie-dye (扎染), to dye clothes.”可知，白族人用一种非常古老的方法——扎染来给衣服染色。故选A。 30．细节理解题。根据“They are the traditional homes of the Mongolian people.”可知，蒙古包是蒙古人民的传统家园，故选A。 31．词句猜测题。分析“It is thrilling and wonderful. Men and women singers sing in pairs.”可知，是很棒的，男女歌手成对演唱。所以是一个近似的词汇，选项C“令人兴奋的”与之相符，故选C。 32．细节理解题。根据“At the festival, young men dress up like Manghao and touch others to send good wishes.”可知，在这个节日里，年轻人打扮成芒蒿的样子，用手触摸别人来传递美好的祝愿。故选D。 33．篇章结构题。分析全文内容可知，第一段引出主题；第二、三、四、五段分别介绍白族、蒙古族、壮族、苗族的风俗。故选B。 8 34．C 35．C 36．D 37．D 38．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了墨西哥，包括它的邻国、首都、人口以及特产等。 34．细节理解题。根据“Mexico is about one quarter of the size of the United States.”可知，墨西哥的面积大约是美国的四分之一；说明美国的国土面积是墨西哥的四倍。故选C。 35．细节理解题。根据“ The language of Mexico is Spanish.”可知，墨西哥人说西班牙语。故选C。 36．细节理解题。根据“It is 7,349 feet high (2,240 metres). This makes it one of the highest capital cities in the world.”可知，墨西哥城是世界上海拔最高的首都之一，并不是是世界上海拔最高的城市；D选项表述有误。故选D。 37．细节理解题。根据“Foods like beans, maize, avocados, tomatoes, peanuts, chili peppers, vanilla, and chocolate come from Mexico.”可知，西红柿最初生长在墨西哥。故选D。 38．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了墨西哥这个国家。因此C选项“墨西哥”为本文最佳标题。故选C。 9 39．C 40．B 41．D 42．C 【分析】本文介绍了英国人和美国人的着装，在不同的场合他们的穿着也不一样，文章介绍了具体在什么情况下他们会穿衣服。 39．细节理解题。根据When they go out to enjoy themselves, they can wear almost（几乎）anything.可知，当英国人和美国人到外面娱乐的时候，穿衣服比较随意，不是很正式。故选C。 40．细节理解题。根据At theatres, cinemas and concerts you can put on anything you like: from beautiful suits（套装）and dresses to jeans and sweaters.可知，在音乐会上，英国人可以穿他们喜欢的任何衣服。故选B。 41．细节理解题。根据In good hotels and restaurants, men have to wear jackets and ties, and women have to wear pretty clothes.可知，在高档的酒店和餐厅，英国和美国的女人们不得不穿整洁的衣服；所以此处是当她们在顶级餐厅用餐的时候要穿着漂亮整洁。故选D。 42．主旨大意题。根据These days, most people in the UK and the US wear informal（非正式的）clothes. But sometimes it is important to wear the right thing.以及下文对不同场合人们穿着不同衣服的描述可知，本文主要想告诉我们英国人和美国人现在的着装。故选C ( 6 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$