Unit1 Back to school词汇精讲精练 学案 2024-2025学年高中英语译林版必修第一册

Unit1 Back to school词汇精讲精练 词汇精讲 1．potential n. 潜力；可能性 adj. 潜在的，可能的 (1) adj. 可能的(possible)；潜在的 ①a potential disaster 可能发生的灾害 ②potential customers 潜在的顾客 (2) n. 潜能；可能性 ①achieve/fulfill/reach one’s (full) potential (充分)发挥自己的潜能 ②have the potential to do... 有潜力做…… He has the potential to become a world-class musician. 他有潜力成为世界级的音乐家。 potential n．潜力；可能性 adj. 潜在的，可能的→potentially adv. 潜在地；可能地 2．senior adj. 中学的(招收11或13岁以上学生)；级别高的；高级水平的；老年的 n. 级别(或地位)较高者；较…年长的人；高水平运动员 (1) adj. 较年长的；地位较高的；(学校)高年级的 ①be senior/junior to比……年长/年幼 I’m three years senior to you. 我比你大3岁。 ②senior/junior high school (美国)高中/初中 senior high school students 高中生 (2) n. 年长者；年资较深者；高年级学生；大学四年级学生 senior adj. 中学的(招收11或13岁以上学生)；级别高的；高级水平的；老年的 n. 级别(或地位)较高者；较…年长的人；高水平运动员→junior adj. (学校)为11或13岁以下儿童设立的；地位(或级别)低的；青少年的 n. 职位较低者；青少年运动员 3．path n. 道路；小路；成功的途径 (1) n. 小路；小径 a winding path 蜿蜒的小路 (2) n. 路线 The tornado destroyed everything in its path. 龙卷风摧毁了沿途的一切。 (3) n. 途径 a path to success 成功的途径 4．challenge n.& vt. 挑战；质疑 (1) n. 挑战；具有挑战性的事情 ①respond to/face the challenge 回应/面对挑战 ②accept/take up the challenge 接受挑战 ③the challenge of doing sth 做某事的挑战 The government will have to meet/rise to the challenge of rising unemployment. 政府将不得不迎接失业率上升的挑战。 (2) n. 质疑 It was a direct challenge to the president’s authority. 这是对主席权威的直接挑战。 (3) n. (比赛、打斗等的)邀请/提议 They threw down the challenge that he couldn’t wash 40 cars in one hour. 他们向他发出挑战，说他不可能在一小时内洗40辆车。 (4) vt. 向……挑战；邀请……比赛 challenge sb (to sth) I kept practising until I became confident enough to challenge the good players. 我一直不断练习，直至我有足够的信心向优秀选手挑战。 I challenged him to a game of chess. 我邀请他跟我下一盘棋。 (5) vt. 对……质疑 challenge a view 质疑某个观点 (6) vt. 考验……的能力 The job doesn’t really challenge her. 这项工作对她并不难。 challenge n.& vt. 挑战；质疑→challenging adj. 有挑战性的 5．thinking n. 思维，思想；想法 critical/creative/independent thinking 批判性/创造性/独立性思维 What’s your thinking on this question? 你对此事有何见解？ 6．positive adj. 积极乐观的；良好的，正面的 (1) adj. 正面的；积极乐观的；有益的 ①be positive about 对……积极 By being positive about myself and my body, I became both happier and healthier. 通过积极地看待自己和身体，我变得更快乐、更健康。 ②positive effects 正面的影响 positive attitudes 积极乐观的态度 (2) adj. 确实的；确信的 ①a positive fact 确信无疑的事实 ②be positive about 确信 She was quite positive about the amount of money involved. 她对所涉及的钱数十分肯定。 ③I’m positive that I gave you his address. 我肯定把他的地址给你了。 (3) adj. 正的；阳性的 ①a positive number 正数 ②Anyone, once tested positive for the bird flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government. 任何人一旦被检测出禽流感病毒呈阳性，将会获得政府提供的免费医疗。 positive adj. 积极乐观的；良好的，正面的→positively adv. 肯定地；乐观地→negative adj. 消极的 7．opportunity n. 机会，时机 (a) rare/golden/perfect opportunity 难得的/绝佳的/理想的机会 take/seize/use/provide/miss an opportunity (to do sth) 把握/抓住/利用/提供/错失(做某事的)机会 the opportunity to do sth 做某事的机会 8．lie in 存在于，在于 The value of diamond lies in its hardness. 钻石的价值在于它质地坚硬。 辨析： 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 lie 躺；位于 lay lain lying lie 说谎 lied lied lying lay 放置；产卵 laid laid laying 9．rise to 能够处理 rise (rose, risen) rise to one’s feet 站起来 10．acquire vt. 获得，得到 (1) vt. (经过努力)获得；学到 acquire knowledge 获取知识 (2) vt. 购得；得到 How did the gallery come to acquire so may Picassos? 那个美术馆是如何得到如此多的毕加索画作的？ acquire vt. 获得，得到→acquisition n．获得；习得；得到的东西 11．effort n. 努力，费力的事；试图 (1) n. 气力；精力 ①put effort into doing sth 努力做某事 She puts her time and effort into her businesses, and into helping others. 她把时间和精力投入到生意中，投入到帮助他人中。 ②Visiting the museum when you’re there. It’s well worth the effort. 你到了那里要参观一下博物馆，那很值得一游。 ③with/without effort 费力地/毫不费力地 With (an) effort she managed to stop herself laughing. 她好不容易才忍住了笑。 (2) n. 努力；尽力 ①in an effort to 为了 He has gone on a diet in an effort to lose some weight. 为了减肥他已经开始节食。 ②make an/every effort to do sth 尽力/努力做某事 What’s the point of helping him if he doesn’t make an effort to help himself? 如果他自己不努力，那么帮他又有什么用呢？ Hospitals should make every effort to treat the sick. 医院应该尽一切努力为病人治病。 ③spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力去做某事 Let’s start right now and spare no effort to do a little bit every minute! 让我们现在就开始，每一分钟都不遗余力地做好点滴。 effort n. 努力，费力的事；试图→effortless adj. 不需费力的 12．advance n. 进步，进展；前进，行进 vt. & vi. 发展，进步 (1) vi. (尤指士兵)前进；向前移动 The army advanced across the plain. 军队前进穿过平原。 (2) vt.& vi. (使)进展；(使)进步 We have advanced greatly in our knowledge of the universe. 我们对宇宙的认识取得了很大的进步。 (3) vt.& vi. (时间)提前；(价格)上涨；预支(钱) The date of the meeting was advanced from July 10 to July 1. 会议日期已从7月10日提早到7月1日。 We are willing to advance the money to you/advance you the money. 我们愿意把钱预支给你。 (4) vt. 促进；推动 She decided to go back to college to advance her career. 为了促进职业的发展，她决定回到大学(继续学习)。 (5) vt. 提出 advance an idea/a theory/a plan 提出想法/理论/计划 (6) n. 进步；进展 ①make great advances 取得很大进展 ②technological/scientific/medical advances 技术/科学/医学上的进步 ③Name three advances in science and technology at this time. 说出这段时间的三项科技进步。 (7) adj. 预先的 Advance reservations are required. 需要提前预订。 (8) in advance (of) 提前(于……)；预先(于……)；超前于 Thank you in advance. 先行致谢。 When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy. 当学生们在课前得知我的规矩后，他们中的一些人感到不快。 advance n. 进步，进展；前进，行进 vt. & vi. 发展，进步→advanced adj. 先进的；高级的→advancement n. 促进；发展；前进 13．amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的 be amazed to do sth 对做某事感到惊奇 be amazed at/by/that... 对……感到惊讶 in amazement 惊讶地 to one’s amazement 令某人吃惊的是 amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的→amazingly adv. 惊人地，了不起地→amaze vt. 使惊讶；使惊奇→amazed adj. 惊讶的；惊喜的→amazement n. 惊讶 14．confidence n. 信心，信任；把握 (1) n. 信赖；信任 ①have/lose confidence in sb 对某人抱有失去/信心 ②(a) lack of confidence in sb/sth 对某人/某事缺乏信心 ③gain/win/earn sb’s confidence 赢得某人的信任 (2) n. 自信；信心 ①lack confidence in oneself 对自己缺乏自信 ②increase/build up one’s confidence 增强/建立自信 ③with confidence 自信地 (3) n. 确信；把握 ①say/speak with confidence 有把握地说 ②have confidence + that从句 We have full confidence that we shall succeed. 我们完全有把握取得成功。 be confident about/of/that... 对……有自信/有把握 confidence n. 信心，信任；把握→confident adj. 自信的；有把握的→confidently adv. 自信地 15．make a difference 起作用，有影响 make no difference 无影响；无关紧要 make all the difference (to) (对……)关系重大 16．make the most of 充分利用，尽情享受 I hope you will all make the most of this chance to share information and opinions. 我希望你们大家都充分利用这个机会分享信息、交流意见。 17．resource n. 资源；资料；谋略 natural/human resources 自然/人力资源 She had no financial resources. 她没有钱。 18．take advantage of 利用 Parents should actively urge their children to take advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams. 家长们应积极催促孩子利用这一机会参加运动队。 be/work to sb’s advantage 对某人有利 19．facility n. 设施，设备；场所 (1) n. 设施；设备 leisure facilities 休闲设施 (2) n. (用于某种活动、行业或服务的)场所；建筑 a pet care facility 宠物护理中心 facility n. 设施，设备；场所→facilitate vt. 促进；使便利 20．equal adj. 相等的；平等的；相当的 n. 同等的人(物) linking v. 与…相等 vt. 比得上 (1) adj. 相同的；同样的；相等的 equal in size/length/height = of equal size/length/height 同样大小/长度/高度 They believe that all work is of equal value. 他们认为所有工作都具有同等价值。 (2) adj. 平等的 All human beings are equal. 人人平等。 (3) vi.& vt. 等于；比得上 ①Three times three equals nine. 3乘3等于9。 ②equal sb/sth in (doing) sth 在(做)某事上比得过某人/某物 No one equals him in strength. 论力气，谁也比不上他。 (4) n. 同等的人/物 ①Let x be the equal of y. 设x等于y。 ②be without equal = have no equal 无与伦比 (5) be equal to ①与……相等/平等 The rent was equal to half his monthly income. 这租金相当于他半个月的收入。 ②与……同样出色；比得上 The architecture here is equal to any in the world. 这里的建筑堪与世界上任何同类建筑相媲美。 ③能胜任 He is equal to anything. 他无所不能。 equal adj. 相等的；平等的；相当的 n. 同等的人(物) linking v. 与…相等 vt. 比得上→equally adv. 平等地；同样地→equality n. 平等；相等 21．attitude n. 态度，看法 (1) n. 态度；看法 ①have/take/adopt a positive attitude 采取积极的态度 ②attitude to/towards We should develop a good attitude to life. 我们应该树立良好的生活态度。 (2) n. 姿势 He knelt in an attitude of prayer. 他以祈祷的姿势跪着。 22．goal n. 目标；进球得分 (1) n. 射门；进球得分 get/make/score a goal 进球 (2) n. 目的；目标(aim) ①achieve/attain/reach one’s goal 实现目标 ②set a goal 设定目标 23．balance vt. 同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性 n. 均衡，平衡；平衡能力 (1) n. 天平；秤 Weigh it on the balance. 在秤上称它的重量。 (2) n. 平衡；均衡 ①keep/lose one’s balance 保持/失去平衡 ②a sense of balance 平衡感 ③keep a balance between A and B 在A和B之间保持平衡 (3) on balance 总的说来 On balance, I think we made the right decision. 总的来说，我认为我们做的决定是正确的。 (4) vt. & vi. (使)保持平衡；(使)均衡 balance A against B 权衡A和B balance vt. 同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性 n. 均衡，平衡；平衡能力→balanced adj. 平衡的；均衡的 24．improve vt. & vi. 改进；改善 improve the environment 改善环境 improve on/upon 对……做出改进；做得比……更好 She has scored 98 in the maths test, and I don’t think anyone will improve on that. 她数学考了98分，我看没人能超过这个分数。 improve vt. & vi. 改进，改善→improvement n. 改善；改进 25．last but not least 最后但同样重要的 Last but not least, we should make good use of water in our daily life. 最后但同样重要的是，我们日常生活中应该充分利用水。 26．well-rounded adj. 全面发展的；面面俱到的 well-known adj. 出名的；众所周知的 well-meaning adj. 出于好心的；善意的 well-informed adj. 消息灵通的；见多识广的 27．individual n. 个人 adj. 单独的，个别的 (1) adj. 单独的；个人的 Each individual leaf on the tree is different. 树上的每片叶子都不相同。 (2) adj. 独特的；与众不同的 She’s got a very individual way of dressing. 她穿衣非常有个性。 (3) n. 个人；个体；人 Together, individuals can make a difference. 万众一心，众志成城。 28．character n. 品质，性格；特点；人物，角色；文字 (1) n. 性格 She has a cheerful but quiet character. 她的性格乐观文静。 (2) n. 特色；特性 the character of sth ……的特色 (3) n. (好的)品性；道德品质 a man of character 品德高尚的人 (4) n. 人物；角色 a famous character in history 历史上的著名人物 a leading character in a film 电影里的主角 (5) n. 符号；文字 Chinese characters 汉字 character n. 品质，性格；特点；人物，角色；文字→characteristic adj. 特有的；典型的 n.特征；特点；品质 29．responsible adj. 有责任，负责；可靠的 be responsible for sth 对……负责 take responsibility for sth 对……负责 it is sb’s responsibility to do sth 做某事是某人的职责 responsible adj. 有责任，负责；可靠的→responsibility n. 责任；义务 30．ahead adv. (时间、空间)向前；提前 go ahead开始做；进行；说吧 think/plan ahead 事先考虑/计划 ahead of time/schedule提前 ahead of 在……前面；早于 31．junior adj. (学校)为11或13岁以下儿童设立的；地位(或级别)低的；青少年的 n. 职位较低者；青少年运动员 (1) adj. 青少年的；初级的；(高中/四年制大学)三年级(学生)的 ①be junior to比……年幼 She is 4 years junior to me. 她比我小四岁。 ②junior high school (美国)初中 (2) n. 青少年；职位较低者；(高中/四年制大学中)三年级学生 32．forward adv. 向将来；向前；进展，前进 (1) adv. 向前(forwards)；将来；提前地 He ran forward(s) to get his things. 他跑上前来取他的东西。 (2) adj. 在/近前部的；向前的 a forward seat 前排座位 (3) vt. 邮寄；转寄 forward an e-mail to sb 把电子邮件转发给某人 33．look forward to (doing) sth 盼望/期待(做)某事 I am looking forward to your early reply. 我期待你尽快回复。 34．independent adj. 自主的，有主见的；自立的 economically/financially independent 经济独立 Are you quite independent of your parents now? 你现在脱离父母自立了吗？ independent adj. 自主的，有主见的；自立的→independence n. 独立，自立→dependent adj. 依赖的，依靠的→depend v．依靠，依赖 35．focus n. 焦点，重点 vt. & vi. 集中 (1) n. (光、声等的)焦点；(眼睛、镜头等的)焦距 The focus on my camera isn’t working properly. 我的照相机上的调焦装置有毛病。 (2) n. (活动、注意力、兴趣等的)中心点/集中点 ①the focus of... ……的焦点/中心 The focus of attention has changed. 关注的焦点转移了。 ②focus (...) on/upon... (把……)集中于…… We shall maintain our focus on the needs of the customer. 我们将继续关注顾客的需求。 bring...into focus/come into focus (使)成为焦点 focus n. 焦点，重点 vt. & vi. 集中→focused adj. 注意力集中的；目标明确的 36．detail n. 细节；具体情况 in detail 详细地 detail n. 细节；具体情况→detailed adj. 详细的 37．as a result of 由于 About 21 million people died during the 1990s as a result of smoking. 20世纪90年代约有2100万人死于吸烟。 as a result 结果，因此 She overslept this morning. As a result, she was late for school. 她今天早上睡过头了，结果上学迟到了。 result from 因……发生；随……产生 Pollution and other serious problems have resulted from human progress. 人类的发展引起了污染和其他严重的问题。 result in 造成；导致 I learned that shouting and threats of punishment would result in a disaster. 我认识到叫嚣和惩罚威胁会导致祸端。 38．tip n. 指点，实用的提示；尖端；小费 (1) n. 梢；末端 ①the tips of branches/fingers 树梢/指尖 ②Cape Town is at the southern tip of the African continent. 开普敦位于非洲大陆的最南端。 (2) n. 建议；指点 learning tips on grammar 语法学习建议 (3) vt. 给……小费 I tipped the waitress 50 yuan. 我给了女服务员50元小费。 39．base vt. 以…为基础(依据) n. 根据；基础；基底；总部，大本营 (1) n. 基部；基础；总部；基地 revolutionary bases 革命根据地 (2) vt. 以……为基地；基地设在…… base...on/upon... 把……建立在……的基础上 be based on/upon 以……为基础；以……为根据 The book is based on a true story. 这本书以一个真实的故事为原型。 on the basis of 在……的基础上 on a daily/regular basis 每天/定期 base vt. 以……为基础(依据) n. 根据；基础；基底；总部，大本营→basis n. 原因，缘由；基准，准则；方式；基础→basic adj. 基本的；基础的→basically adv. 大体上；基本上 40．remind vt. 提醒，使想起 (1) vt. 提醒 ①remind sb about/of sth 提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事 I forgot to remind him about/of the time for the interview. 我忘了提醒他面试的时间。 ②remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事 We put up a board to remind people to protect the trees. 我们竖起一块牌子提醒人们保护树木。 ③remind sb that...提醒某人…… She reminded me that I hadn’t called Mother. 她提醒我还没有给妈妈打电话。 (2) vt. 使想起 remind sb of sb/sth She reminded him of the day years ago when they had first met. 她使他想起多年前他们初识的那一天。 remind vt. 提醒，使想起→reminder n. 引起回忆的事物；提醒人的事物 41．stick to 坚持；固守，维持 The surest way to success is sticking to your goal. 通向成功最可靠的方法是坚持目标。 42．proposal n. 提议，建议，动议 put forward a proposal 提出建议 He made a proposal that the meeting (should) be postponed. 他提议会议延期。 propose (1) vt. 提出；提议；建议 ①propose a better solution 提出更好的解决方案 ②propose doing sth The report proposes extending motorways. 该报告建议拓宽机动车道。 ③propose that...(should) do sth A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund (should) be established to raise money. 学院的一位教授提议设立基金会来募集资金。 (2) vt. 打算；计划 propose doing/to do sth He proposed buying/to buy a new car. 他打算买一辆新车。 (3) vi. & vt. 求婚 I’ve proposed to her. 我已经向她求婚了。 proposal n. 提议，建议，动议→propose v. 提议；建议；打算；求婚 43．aim n. 目的，目标 vi. & vt. 力争做到；目的是；针对 (1) n. 瞄准 take aim at 把目标对准……；把批评的矛头指向…… He took aim at the target. 他瞄准了目标。 (2) n. 目标；目的 ①achieve/realize one’s aim 达到目的/实现目标 ②with the aim of 旨在；目的是 ③The aim of this is to reduce air pollution. 这样做的目的是减少空气污染。 (3) vt. & vi. (用……)瞄准；(用……)对准 aim sth at sb/sth 用某物朝向/瞄准某人/某物 I was aiming at the tree but hit the car by mistake. 我瞄准树射击，却误中了车。 (4) vi. 力求达到 ①aim to do sth 旨在做……；力求达到…… The theatre aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing Shakespeare’s comedy in sign language. 通过用手语演出莎士比亚的喜剧，该剧院旨在在无声和有声世界之间搭建起一座桥梁。 ②be aimed at (doing) sth 目的是(做)……；旨在(做)…… This activity is aimed at improving the students’ listening and speaking abilities. 这项活动的目的是提高学生的听说能力。 aim n. 目的，目标 vi. & vt. 力争做到；目的是；针对→aimless adj. 无目的的→aimlessly adv. 无目的地 44．style n. 风格；方式；样式 (1) n. (文学/艺术/音乐/建筑等的)风格；文体 The new houses have been built in a traditional style. 这些新房子是以传统风格建造的。 (2) n. (人行为、工作或待人的)方式 different styles of learning 不同的学习方式 (3) n. (设计的)款式；流行式样 Long skirts are back in style. 长裙又开始流行了。 (4) n. (人或事物的)格调；气派 You may not like her, but she certainly has style. 你可能不喜欢她，但是她确实有气度。 45．technique n. 技巧，技艺；技能 (1) n. 技巧 exam/interview techniques 考试/面试技巧 (2) n. 技术；技能 He’s a great player, with brilliant technique. 他是个伟大的球员，球技十分精湛。 46．workshop n. 研讨会，讲习班；车间，作坊 conduct a workshop 开研讨会 47．professional adj. 职业的，专业的；有职业的；娴熟的，精通业务的 n. 专门人员，专业人士 (1) adj. 职业的；专业的 a professional tennis player 职业网球运动员 (2) n. 专业人士；职业选手 health care professionals 医疗保健专业人员 professional adj. 职业的，专业的；有职业的；娴熟的，精通业务的 n. 专门人员，专业人士→profession n. 专业，职业 48．material n. 材料；素材 adj. 物质的，实际的；客观存在的 reading/teaching materials 阅读/教学材料 49．poster n. 海报；(在网络留言板上)发布消息的人 50．secondary adj. 中学的；次要的 (1) adj. 中等的 a junior/senior secondary school 初级/高级中学；初中/高中 (2) adj. 次要的；第二位的 a question of secondary importance 次要问题 51．exchange n. & vt. 交换；交流；兑换 (1) n. 交换；交流 ①an exchange student 交换生 ②in exchange (for) 作为(对……的)交换 Would you like my old TV in exchange for this camera? 用我的旧电视机换这部照相机，你愿意吗？ ③exchange of ideas and information 思想和信息的交流 (2) n. (货币的)兑换 foreign exchange 外汇 an exchange rate 汇率 (3) vt. 交换；交流 ①exchange views/ideas 交换意见/交流思想 ②exchange sth with sb 与某人交换某物 exchange presents with each other 互赠礼物 (4) vt. 更换；兑换 exchange A for B　拿A换B I’d like to exchange this dress for one of a larger size. 我想把这件衣服换一件大点儿的。 52．host n. 主人；东道主；主持人 vt. 主办；主持 a television host 电视节目主持人 the host city for the next Olympic Games 下届奥运会的主办城市/东道主 The school is playing host to a group of visiting scientists. 学校正在接待一批来访的科学家。 hostess n. 女主人；女主持人 53．a.m. 上午，午前 54．p.m. 下午，午后 55．biology n. 生物学 biology n. 生物学→biological adj. 生物的；生物学的→biologist n. 生物学家 56．tough adj. 艰难的；严厉的；坚强的；坚固的 (1) adj. 结实的；坚固的 a tough pair of shoes 一双结实的鞋子 (2) adj. 强壮的；坚强的 tough guy 硬汉 (3) adj. 强硬的；严厉的 Don’t be too tough on/with him — he is only a child. 别对他要求过严，他只是个孩子。 (4) adj. 艰苦的；艰难的；棘手的 a tough life/job 艰苦的生活/棘手的工作 a tough nut to crack 棘手的问题 57．alarm n. 闹钟；恐慌；警报；警报器 vt. 使惊恐，使害怕 (1) n. 警报(器) raise/sound the alarm 发出警报 (2) n. 闹钟 set the alarm for six 把闹钟定在6点 The alarm went off at six. 闹钟在6点时响了。 (3) vt. 使惊恐；使担忧 The news that the enemies were near alarmed everybody. 敌军迫近的消息使大家感到恐慌。 alarm n. 闹钟；恐慌；警报；警报器 vt. 使惊恐，使害怕→alarmed adj. 担心的；害怕的→alarming adj. 使人惊恐的，令人恐慌的 58．contribution n. 贡献；捐款；捐赠 (1) n. 贡献 I admire Edison a lot because he made a great contribution to the world. 我很敬佩爱迪生，因为他为世界作出了巨大贡献。 (2) n. 捐款；捐献物 I gave a contribution of $100 to/toward the church. 我给教堂捐了100美元。 (3) n. 稿件；作品 This is a magazine with contributions from well-known travel writers. 这是一本由著名旅行作家撰稿的杂志。 contribution n. 贡献；捐款；捐赠→contribute vt. & vi. 是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；投稿 59．fortunately adv. 幸运地，幸亏 fortunately adv. 幸运地，幸亏→fortunate adj. 幸运的→fortune n. 财富；运气→unfortunate adj. 不幸的→unfortunately adv. 不幸地 60．over time 随着时间流逝，久而久之 All languages change over time. 所有语言都会随着时间而变化。 61．option n. 可选择的事物，选择；选修课 have no option but to do... 别无选择只好做…… option n. 可选择的事物，选择；选修课→optional adj. 可选择的；选修的 62．butter n. 黄油 63．pudding n. 甜点；布丁 64．attract vt. 吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应) attract one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力 attract sb to sth 吸引某人关注某事 be attracted to sth 喜爱某事物 tourist attraction 旅游胜地 attract vt. 吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应)→attraction n. 吸引，吸引力；有吸引力的事物或人→attractive adj. 有吸引力的 65．rugby n. 橄榄球运动 66．calligraphy n. 书法，书法艺术 词汇精练 单词填空：请认真阅读下列各小题，并根据上下文语境和所给首字母或中文的提示，写出下列各句空格中的单词，注意保持语义和形式的一致。 （一） 1. The rapid increase in population caused a shortage of natural r . 2. She chose to give her study up as she began to lose the c in it. 3. If you want to pass your exams, you’d better change your a towards learning. 4. Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep f for more than an hour at a time. 5. After a challenging exam, she spent some time reflecting on her performance and finding areas for i . 6. All these stadiums are still h  (主办) the biggest events in world sport. 7. “You can go such a long way to make things that look (专业的) but still have your own voice,” she explained. 8. It’s a challenging job but I’m sure you’ll prove (能胜任的) to it. 9. Many countries have gained national (独立) after decades’ struggle. 10. He doesn’t have a sense of (责任), so he isn’t popular with his classmates. （二） 1. I have his name on the t of my tongue. 2. This is an interesting film b on a true story in the 1930s in Beijing. 3. Her husband was a man of good c , well-liked and respected by his co-workers. 4. In that school, French and Russian are o courses, but English is required for all students. 5. It’s a good idea to take a of the facilities in our community to keep fit. 6. The one that (吸引) me most was the Rugby Club. 7. Personally, online learning benefits me a lot because so many learning (材料) are available. 8. He gave me (详细的) instructions on how to get to the only key high school in the city—No.1 High School. 9. The goal of education is to help children become (平衡的) and well-rounded human beings. 10. Peter’s letters to me are a constant (提醒) of the happy memories we have shared. （三） 1. Mary immediately sounded the a when she saw the fire. 2. The furniture, with its modern s and bright colours, suits their houses and gardens. 3. Various t  have been adopted to improve the efficiency of the production. 4. The time here is 9 hours a of London. 5. Compared with the young, many s have a strong wish for peace because they have been through two world wars. 6. Without  (目标), we might not know what to do. 7. In time you will find yourself growing into a (全面发展的) individual. 8. The training program is  (旨在) at improving the skills of new employees. 9. Chinese (书法) is one of the many optional courses offered to students who are interested in traditional art. 10. While choosing clothes, you must take your (个性) into consideration. （四） 1. I have a negative opinion on the value of this idea while others are p about it. 2. Can you talk a little about your primary and s education? 3. A in medical science may make it possible for people to live for more than 150 years. 4. It is illegal for public officials to ask for gifts or money in e for favors. 5. I’m looking f to visiting the art gallery next week. 6. We have come up with new ways of attracting (潜在的) customers. 7. Are there any toilet  (设施) available for the disabled? 8. Being able to afford a drink would be a comfort in those   (艰难的) times. 9. They listened in  (惊奇) as the voice of a singer was heard through the wires. 10. Paper making is among the “four great inventions” and one of the great (贡献) that ancient Chinese people made to the world. （五） 1. A fire broke out yesterday, but f no one was hurt. 2. He’s jogging around the park every morning in an e to get fit. 3. While you want to live in reality, don’t forget that you have the power to bring positive t to your world. 4. The young member made several p , but none of them were considered to be practical or acceptable. 5. Homework was a bit c for me at first because it was all in English and my English was poor then. 6. We are told that there are many  (小路) leading to the hill. 7. Kids may lose interest in (获取) a foreign language if they are just required to do boring exercises all the time. 8. She got a bank loan to rent and equip a small  (车间). 9. To his disappointment, the opinion he had (坚持) to turned out wrong. 10. Of equal importance are rare (机会) to get you a fresh start — a second chance. 词汇精练参考答案 （一） 1. resources 2. confidence 3. attitude 4. focused 5. improvement 6. hosting 7. professional 8. equal 9. independence 10. responsibility （二） 1. tip 2. based 3. character 4. optional 5. advantage 6. attracted 7. materials 8. detailed 9. balanced 10. reminder （三） 1. alarm 2. style 3. techniques 4. ahead 5. seniors 6. goals 7. well-rounded 8. aimed 9. calligraphy 10. individuality （四） 1. positive 2. secondary 3. Advances 4. exchange 5. forward 6. potential 7. facilities 8. tough 9. amazement 10. contributions （五） 1. fortunately 2. effort 3. thinking 4. proposals 5. challenging 6. paths 7. acquiring 8. workshop 9. stuck 10. opportunities 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$