Unit 1 Art Words and Expressions 单词详解课件-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

B6U1 Art Words and expressions Love of beauty is taste. The creation of beauty is art. —Ralph Waldo Emerson 对爱的喜爱是一种品味，而对美的创造则是一种艺术。 1 precise adj. 准确的;精确的 imprecise precision [n.] (1) to be precise 确切的讲 eg.The shelf is about a metre long-well, 98cm, to be precise. (2) be precise in (3) a precise worker 单词短语 That’s precisely what I meant. precisely adv. 精确地；的确如此 =exactly adv. 确切地；恰好; 架子长约一米。嗯，精确地说是98厘米。 在...方面精确 一丝不苟的工作者 那恰恰是我的意思。 1. She pronounced the word very slowly and precisely. 2. We were just talking about her when, at that precise moment, she walked in. 就在那个时候 2 exact/accurate/precise 辨析 exact 确切的，精确的，指数量或质量完全符合事实、真理或标准，没有丝毫差错 precise 精密的，指细节、指令、尺寸等精确、明确 accurate 准确的，精确的，指报道、描述等符合事实，或测量数据、计算结果、记录内容、预测估计等无差错 His painting is an exact copy of the original. We hope to become more accurate in predicting earthquakes. Can you give me a more precise definition of art? the s_______ of Jesus Christ a church of Christianity cross n.十字架 一名虔诚的基督教徒 a committed Christian culpture Christ n.基督 Christian cn.基督教徒 Christianity n.基督教 realistic adj.写实/逼真的; 现实/切实可行的/务实的 ~ goals/ drawings/ assessment be ~ about unrealistic adj.不现实的 realism n.逼真;现实主义;务实作风 realist n.现实主义画家(或作家等);现实主义者 real adj.真实的 really adv.真正地 reality n.现实 practical 1.I know Mary is a ________ (real). She doesn’t live in dream. realist primitive adj.发展水平低的; 原始/远古的 n.文艺复兴前的艺术家(或作品) primitively adv. 最初地，原始地 primitive people dimension cn.维度；范围；方面 dimensional adj.维度的 two-dimensional adj.二维的 multidimentional adj. 多维的 Educational inequality is a problem of considerable dimensions. They are watching a three-d________ movie. imensional particular adj. 特别的；挑剔的 particularity n. 特质，个性， (2) be particular about/over 对...挑剔/讲究 eg. Jack很挑食。 单词短语 (1) in particular(adj.) = particularly 尤其；特别 eg.他特别喜爱科幻小说。 He loves science fiction in particular/particularly. Jack is particular about/over food. 8 单句填空 ①The company has launched several types of cars this year, and one 　　　　 particular appeals to the young.  ②He is open-minded, and won’t be particular 　　　　　these small things.  in　 about/over　 1.Mrs. Smith ______________________ (很挑食), which makes it difficult for her servants to serve her. 2.Helen在艺术方面很有天赋，特别是绘画。 is particular about/over food Helen is gifted in art, in particular/particularly drawing. His quick response ________________ other competitors. sets him apart from/ distinguishes him from He is set apart from other .... He stands out among the competitors for... 1.His hard work and patience set him apart from his peers. =He was set apart from his peers (by his hard work and patience). 2.他在音乐上有特别的天赋，这使他不同于其他艺术家。 set sb apart from ... 使...不同于.../使...比...突出/使...优于... sb be set apart from... by... ...被...和...区分开来/...不同于... He has a particular talent for music, which sets him apart from other artists. tell ... (apart) from ... ...distinguish ... from ... 区分A和B set about (doing sth.) 开始(做某事) set out (to do sth.) 开始(做某事); 出发(for ) set off 动身/出发(for)；引爆；引发 set aside 留出 set down 记下 set up 建立 1.用set的语块填空 1)We to prepare supper the moment we returned home. 2)We are happy to inform you that the Students’ Union has decided to ________a cycling club.   3)This kind of music is ______________other styles by their violent rhyme.   4)Doctors advised _________ a certain hour a day for outdoor activities.   5)If you want to catch that train we'd better _______for the station immediately. 6)I have the details ________ in my notes. set out set up set apart from setting aside set off/out set down 短语动词转化而来的复合名词 break + through → breakthrough n break + down → breakdown n break + up → breakup n break + in → break-in n cut + back → cutback n cut + off → cut-off n come + down → comedown n make + over → makeover n take + off → take-off n get + together → get-together n 突破 崩溃 解散 非法闯入 / 入室偷窃 减少 停止点 / 截止点 衰落 修饰 / 翻新 起飞 / 蓄势待发 联欢会 近、现代英语中有大量的复合名词，其中有一类是通过短语动词（动词 + 小品词）转化而来的。这类复合名词的词义与其相对应的短语动词的词义相关，因此学习时要借助这些短语动词来帮助理解和记忆。 1.Van Gogh, an influential figure, has a strong influence on the development of modern painting. 2.受到疫情( pandemic)的影响，经济正在下滑。（分词做状语） Influenced by the pandemic, the economy is declining. =Under the ___________ of the pandemic, the economy is declining. influentially adv. 有影响地；有力地 influential adj.有影响力的;有支配能力的 influence cn. & v.影响; ①A have an influence/impact/effect on B A对B有影响 ②under the influence of... 在...的影响下 ③A be influenced by B A被B所影响 influence impact n.&v. effect n. affect v. 语段填空·背诵 (2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达) ③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(在我的物理老师的影响下), I have grown increasingly interested in physics. In other words,my physics teacher is my role model, ____________________________________　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(他对我的影响极大). So he is the person I respect most.  Under my physics teacher’s influence who has a great influence on me 单句填空 ①As a humble person, my words are not 　　　　　(influence), so I would rather keep silent.  ②To tell the truth, what the teacher said has a permanent influence 　　　 　　me.  influential　 on reputation cn.名誉；名声 ①have a reputation for 因…而享有声誉/出名 ②live up to one's reputation 名副其实/不负盛名 ③earn/win/get/gain/acquire a reputation as ... 作为...赢得荣誉 1.Typical of the Scotch, Smith had a reputation for being funny and charming. 2.The changeable weather in England is living up to its reputation. 3.谷爱凌作为中国运动员为中国赢得了荣誉。 Eileen Gu earned a reputation for China as a Chinese athlete. fame/celebrity be known/famous/distinguished for 完成句子/词汇升级·背诵 ③高质量的教学和一流的学习环境为我们赢得了良好的声誉。 High-quality teaching and top-class learning environment have 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  ④My father is well-known for attending Chinese Poetry Competition. →My father 　　　　　　　　　　attending Chinese Poetry Competition.  earned/built us a good reputation　 has a reputation for 单句填空 ①The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gifts from his patients,so he has 　　　　　very good reputation.  ②The weather in England is living up 　　　　　its reputation.  a to 将下列句子译成英语。 1. 中国在抗击新冠肺炎方面以其谨慎和流畅的组织获得了良好的声誉。 _______________________________________________________ 2. 她全身心地投入到研究中，这为她在自己的领域赢得了良好的声誉。 _______________________________________________________ reputation China has got a good reputation for fighting against COVID-19 with its careful and smooth organization. She devoted herself entirely to her research and it earned / gained her a good reputation in her field. noble noble /ˈnəʊbl/ n.贵族成员；出身高贵的人 adj.崇高的；宏伟的；高贵的 nobly adv. 崇高地；高贵地；华丽地；豪爽地 1. rank 2021年东京奥运会奖牌榜 21 rank 的词源义和基本义是“排、行” (row, line)。 rank n  [C] 行；列；[the ranks]（团体或组织的）成员： You also welcome to join the ranks of environmental protection.  [U] & [C] 等级；地位；军衔： a painter of the first rank a man of rank hold the rank of captain rank 词源解读 某个领域、社会、军队中的“排、行” 团体或组织中的一“排”或一“行”人 人或事物的“排、行” v（名词动词化）  vt［常用于被动语态］排列；使排成行： His books were ranked tidily on the bookshelf according to strategy.  vt & vi［不用于进行时］把……分等级；属于某等级： They rank Lang Lang as a first-class pianist in the world. — How do you behave at school? — Very well. I rank high in my class. 词汇拓展 ► ranking n [C] 名次；排名 rank n.地位/级别；行列[C] ①(the) first rank 一流的 ②in rank 成队列 v.把……分等级；使排成行 rank sb as ... 把...评为...=sb. be ranked as ... rank high/first/second... 名列前茅/排名第一/第二... 1.He is not only a painter of the first rank but also a high-ranking government official 2.The report ranks Justin Bieber _______ the most influential singer in 2010. 3.Jason ranks high in the in the 800-metre race. 4.The boxes __________ (rank) tidily according to the size. as were ranked high-ranking adj.高级的 vt［正式用语］买；购买；（以努力等）换得： It was decided that the school should purchase new software. They purchased freedom with their blood. n [U] & [C]［正式用语］购买；购买的物品： purchase and sale Goods are open to free purchase. purchase 构词：pur- (forth 向前) + chase (to run after) → 向前追赶 → 获得、得到 → 买到 purchase vt.购买；采购　 n．购买；购买的东西 make a purchase = buy 采购 purchase sth. (from sb.) (向某人)购买某物 purchase sth. for …(money) 花多少钱购买某物 purchase vt.购买；采购　 n．购买；购买的东西 随堂练习 Tickets may____________(purchase) in advance from the box office. She likes comparing prices before she makes a purchase. We purchased this house two million yuan last year. be purchased for He is a top-ranking lawyer with many c______. lients client cn. 委托人；当事人；客户 customer cn.顾客; consumer cn.消费者 Liren Law Firm (律师/医生/咨询顾问等专业人士的客户) The truth has begun to e_____ from the water. merge emerge vi & vt.出现;浮现;暴露 emergent　 adj.浮现的; 紧急的; emergence n.出现，显露 emergency n. 紧急情况/事件 appear/arise 1.用emerge的的正确形式填空 1)In case of __________, break the glass and press the button. 2)Our government had to take some___________ measures to fight against the virus.   3)Since the __________ of AIDS, scientists began to seriously study the viruses. emergency emergent emergence emerge vi & vt.出现;浮现;暴露 ①emerge from 从...显现/浮现出来 ②emerge as 作为...出现 emergent　 adj.浮现的; 紧急的; emergence n.出现，显露 2.When we talked about Jackson, he suddenly emerged from behind the big tree, which astonished us greatly. 3.He emerged as a key figure in the event. 4.月亮从云后浮现出来。 The moon emerged from behind the cloud. 5.当这位老人作为新生出现时，所有人都十分惊讶。 As the elderly man emerged as a freshman, everyone was very astonished. 写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。 1. The swimmer emerged from the lake. ___________ 2. She finally emerged from her room at noon. ___________ 3. Eventually the truth emerged. ___________ 4. She’s the most exciting British singer to emerge on the pop scene for a decade. ________ 浮现 出现 真相大白 崭露头角 emerge sunrise n.日出 sunset n.日落 在日出/日落的时候 at sunrise/sunset convey vt.表达;传递(思想、感情等);传送 1.输送货物/包裹 convey goods/packages 2.传达我的歉意 convey my apology 3.红色传递了一种能量感。 Red conveys a sense of energy. express carry/transport conveyor n.传送带 convey sth. to sb. 向某人表达（思想，感情、等） 单词短语 convey vt. 表达;传递(思想、感情等);传送 eg.我写信表达我对你的感激之情。 I’m writing to convey my appreciation to you. convey...from A to B 把……从A处运到B处 35 convey vt.表达;传递(思想、感情等);传送 单句填空 ①They took a more reasonable approach,　　　　　 (convey) to their children how success at school could improve their lives.  ②The boss insisted that all the injured 　　　　　　　　　　　　(convey) from the spot to the hospital at once.  词汇升级·背诵 ③I’m writing to express my sincere thanks to you for your help. →I’m writing to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　you for your assistance.  conveying　 (should) be conveyed convey my sincere appreciation to objective reality subjective assumption 1.subjective initiative 主观能动性 2.The taste in art is a _______(subject) matter. subject n.科目 subjective adj.主观的 object v.反对 + to & n.物体；宾语；目标 objective adj.客观的 & n.目标 subjective outer adj.外围的，外部的 inner adj.内在的，里面的 远郊 outer suburbs external internal subjective adj. 主观的 objective neutral positive negative optimistic pessimistic active passive 单词短语 39 consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的 sequence n.次序 subsequent adj.随后的;后来的;之后的 subsequently adv.随后;后来;之后 fond adj.喜爱 fondness n.喜爱 fond dream 南柯一梦，黄粱美梦 a fond look/farewell 慈爱的目光\深情的告别 单词短语 be fond of sb./sth./doing sth. 喜欢某人/某事/做某事 eg. Since you are fond of traditional Chinese culture, I think visiting the paper-cutting exhibition is a good choice. 既然你喜欢中国传统文化，我认为参观剪纸展览是个好选择。 41 Sand Sculptures Exhibition in Feicui Bay, Zhangpu sculpture cn.雕像/雕塑作品；雕刻艺术 sculpt v.雕刻 sculptor n.雕刻/塑家 stone sculptures statue cn. carve v. investment n.投资[U];投资额[C]; (时间、精力的)投入[U] invest v.投资 Asian Infrastructure(n.基础设施) Investment Bank 让我们举起酒杯，向新娘、新郎敬酒。 bride cn.新娘 bridegroom/groom cn.新郎 the best man 伴郎 bridesmaid n.伴娘 Let’s raise our glasses and drink a toast to the bride and groom! photography n. 照相术；摄影 photograph n. 相片 photographer n. 摄影师 单词短语 45 permanent adj. 永久的；永恒的； 单词短语 memorial n. 纪念碑；纪念物； adj.纪念的；悼念的 immemorial adj. 无法追忆的，远古的 memory n. 记忆 in memory of 纪念，追念 memorize vt. 记忆，记住 memorable adj. 难忘的 temporary adj. 暂时的；临时的 contemporary adj. 当代的；现代的；属同时期的 n. 同代人；同辈人 46 memory 词族 选出适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。 1. Many studies reveal that eating breakfast helps people __________ and concentrate. 2. Movie music can be made __________ because its themes are repeated throughout the film. 3. Building a __________ to Columbus has been his lifelong dream. 4. She walked on the opposite side of the street to refresh her ________ of the building. 5. You can learn about this achievements in Chinese education in this __________ hall. memory, memorise, memorable, memorial memorise memorable memorial memory memorial 单词短语 criticise(ze) v. 批评；指责；评价 criticism n. 批评；指责 critic n. 评论家 critical adj. 批判性的；关键的；严重的 critical thinking critical disease critical factor 批判性思维 严重的疾病 关键因素 48 representative adj. 典型的；有代表性的 n. 代表 (1) be representative of 有代表性的… eg.The painting is not representative of his work of  the period. (2) a sales representative 销售代表 单词短语 represent v.代表，象征 representation n. 代表；描绘；表现；陈述 49 单词短语 decline n.(数量、价格、质量等的)减少;下降;衰落　 vi.& vt.减少=decrease;下降;衰落;谢绝=refuse; decline by 减少了(程度) decline to 减少到(结果) on the decline 在减少 decline to do sth. 拒绝做某事 eg.(1)They decline to comment on the report. (2)The number of the tourists declined by 10％ last year. 他们拒绝对这个报道加以评论。 去年游客的数量减少了10％。 50 单词短语 exhibition n. 展览;(技能、感情或行为的)表演 (1)on exhibition =on show = on display 在展览中 (2)The exhibition hall is decorated with many traditional Chinese paintings. 展厅里挂着很多国画。 exhibit v. 展出; 展览；显示 51 单词短语 entry n. 加入；进入；参与 (1)enter v. 进入 (2)entrance n. 入口 entrance to a place ...的入口处 civil adj. 国民的;民用的；民事的 civil war civil servants 内战 公务员 civilize vt. 教化，教导 civilization n. 文明 civilized adj. 文明的；开化的 52 单词短语 recognition n. 承认；认出；赞誉 (1)facial recognition 面部识别 (2)beyond recognition (3)He is an outstanding player who gets the recognition he deserves. recognize vt. 认出，识别；承认，认可；赞赏 recognize sb. /sth. to be/as…承认某人/某物是…… =be recognised as 被认为是 eg.Lawrence’s novel eventually as a work of genius. 辨认不出 recognized adj. 公认的；经过验证的 was recognised 53 单词短语 expansion n. 扩张；扩展；扩大 expand v. 增加，扩展 bring ... to life 赋予……生命；使……鲜活起来 eg.Flowers can bring a dull room back to life. 鲜花可使沉闷的房间恢复生气。 come to life 苏醒过来; 活跃起来; 表现生动 live/lead a...life 过着……的生活　 make a life/living 谋生　 54 单词短语 guarantee vt. 保证；确保；肯定...必然发生 n.保证；保修单；担保物 (1) guarantee sth. to sb. 向某人保证某事 (2) guarantee to do sth. 保证做某事 (3) be guaranteed to do sth 肯定会；必定会  (4) (be) under/beyond guarantee 在保修期内/超过保修期 55 单词短语 worthy adj. 值得...的；有价值的 be worthy of being done/ to be done 值得做 eg.这本书值得看。 The book is worthy of being read/to be read. The book is worth reading. It is worthwhile to read/reading the book. 56 4. decline decline decline 看图猜词义 减少；下降 拒绝 我们时常会看到下面的汉语标识牌，作为学英语的你，是否想过用英文该怎么表达呢？ 5. entry entry n  [C] & [U] 进入；入场；进入权： No Entry. Thieves had forced an entry into the building. Entry to the museum is free.  [C] 入口处；门口： You can leave your umbrella in the entry.  [C] 记载；条目；项目： A pocket dictionary doesn’t contain enough entries. 2015 湖南 a journal / blog entry  [C] 参加比赛的人 / 物： This painting is my entry for the art competition. entry的词源义和基本义是“进入 (act or fact of physically entering)”。 entry 词源解读 entry 语义网络图 进入；入场；进入权 入口处；门口 “进入”的动作或权利 记载；条目；项目 “进入”比赛的人或作品 参加比赛的人 / 物 “进入”某地需要经过的门或通道 “进入”字典或书等需要查看的信息 进入 基本义 entry 6. recognise vt ［不用于进行时］认出；辨认出： The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without being recognised. 2014 北京  意识到 ： We recognized that the task was not easy. （正式）承认；公认 (acknowledge)： The British recognised America as an independent state. Arthur Miller is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century. 2011 山东  表扬；表彰： The Canadian National Institute for the Blind recognised Doris Low for her great contributions. 2014 天津 ► recognised / recognized adj 公认的；经过检验的 温故 (必修一 U2) 61 recognition n [U]  认出；认识；识别： face / speech recognition The town has changed beyond all recognition since I was last here. ［常用单数］承认；认可： seek international / official / formal recognition There is a general recognition that the study techniques of many students are weak.  赞扬；表彰；嘉奖： She has been awarded with many awards in recognition of her services to the society. 知新 认出 （基本义） recognise “认出”某事实并正式接受和公开 内心“认出”或认清某个事实 “认出”某事迹的重要性，并予以公开嘉奖 意识到 （正式）承认；公认 表扬；表彰 recognise & recognition 语义网络图 程度递进 “认出”某人或某物 认出；辨认出 recognise recognition 认出；认识；识别 承认；认可 赞扬；表彰；嘉奖 7. guarantee 看图猜词： 打开购物网站时，琳琅满目而分类细致的商品就会呈现在我们面前。购物时，是否注意到了商品上的这些标注呢？它们是什么意思呢？ guarantee和warrant都是保证的意思。 warrant侧重保证退换； guarantee侧重对产品质量的保证。 词源解读  n [C]  保证 a firm promise that sth will be done or that sth will happen： give a guarantee of good behavior Career success is no guarantee of happiness.  保修单；质量保证书： The best equipment will come with a guarantee of up to ten years. 英语guarantee来源于西班牙语garante。这个词是从日耳曼语warrant吸收而来。在吸收的过程中，w变成了g。因此，两个词本质上是同一个词。 vt  保证；确保；担保： Ticket will guarantee you free entry. ① guarantee + (that) 从句： I can almost guarantee that if you long for more energy, the problem is not with your body. ② guarantee to do sth: We guarantee to behave ourselves tomorrow.  提供保修单： If you have the watch cleaned here, we can guarantee it for an additional three months. 2009 天津 名词动词化 worth & worthy A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. There is never anything worth watching on TV. The world is a fine place and worth fighting for. ——Hemingway No man or woman is worth your tears, and the one who is, won’t make you cry. worth adj［不用于名词前］  值……的；相当于 / 具有……价值的： be worth sth: An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.  值得： ① (be) worth sth: Many of the other pictures on offer would be well worth a second look. ② (be) worth doing: Anything that is to be done is worth doing well. ③ it is worth doing sth: The question whether it is worth doing will be raised at the meeting. n [U] 价值： Every 60 seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. 2021 全国 ► worthless adj 无价值的；无用的 反 valuable worthy adj ［只用于名词前］值得敬重的： a worthy cause a worthy champion ［不用于名词前］值得的： ① (be) worthy of sth: She is a teacher who is worthy of all your adoration. A successful ending is not the only thing worthy of a celebration. ② (be) worthy to do sth: She is worthy to receive such an honor. The young man is worthy to be taught. worth + -y（形容词后缀） 正式用语 “The spirit of our team is not simply about winning the championship, but to give our best even when we are facing defeat. It’s about rising up against all obstacles and continuing with perseverance and passion. The long journey to success will be bumpy and full of obstacles, but the finish line will be worth the fight.” — The finish line will be worth the fight! As a volleyball player, Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country. As a coach, she led the China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics. She has devoted all her life to the worthwhile cause. She is worthy of our great respect. 70 real 词族 real really adv 确实 reality n 现实 realise v 实现 realism n 现实主义 …… realisation n 实现 realist n 现实主义者 realistic adj 现实主义的 名词后缀 -ism real + -ism → realism n 现实主义 ideal + -ism → idealism n 理想主义 tour + -ism → tourism n 观光旅行；旅游业 Buddha + -ism → Buddhism n 佛教 Confucian + -ism → Confucianism n 儒家 Tao + -ism → Taoism n 道家 hero + -ism → heroism n 英勇 / 英雄行为 impression + -ism → Impressionism n 印象主义 modern + -ism → modernism n 现代主义 human + -ism → Humanism n 人文主义 critic + -ism → criticism n 评论 / 批评 social + -ism → Socialism n 社会主义 capital + -ism → capitalism n 资本主义 后缀-ism 表示“制度”“主义”：______________________________ 后缀-ism表示“宗教”： _______________________________ 后缀-ism表示“行为”“现象”：______________________________ 后缀-ism表示“学术”“学术流派”：______________________________ 后缀-ism表示“某种特性”：______________________________ idealism, socialism, capitalism Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism tourism, heroism, criticism realism, impressionism, modernism humanism 行为抽象名词 由动词派生而来的抽象名词叫作行为抽象名词 写出下列动词的名词形式。 v n recognise expand invest exhibit enter recognition expansion investment exhibition entry / entrance 用方框中抽象名词的词块完成下列句子。 1. The sculptor never agreed to the ________________ (公开演出)of her sculptures while she was still alive. 2. _________________________________（人们普遍意识到）the study techniques of many students are weak. 3. _____________________________（进入）the gardens is included in the price of admission. 4. Clothes are now 70 per cent cheaper than they were in the 1960s because of the huge ______________________（扩大生产）in the Far East.（2010 湖北） 5. We would never _____________________（投资于）a founder that we thought was not to be trusted. public exhibition There is general recognition (that) make an investment in Entry to / into 或 Entrance into expansion of production recognition, expansion, investment, exhibition, entry, entrance human cn.人 humanity n.人性；人道；人类 humanistic adj.人文主义的 humanism n.人文主义 短语动词转化而来的复合名词 break + through → breakthrough n break + down → breakdown n break + up → breakup n break + in → break-in n cut + back → cutback n cut + off → cut-off n come + down → comedown n make + over → makeover n take + off → take-off n get + together → get-together n 突破 崩溃 解散 非法闯入 / 入室偷窃 减少 停止点 / 截止点 衰落 修饰 / 翻新 起飞 / 蓄势待发 聚会 近、现代英语中有大量的复合名词，其中有一类是通过短语动词（动词 + 小品词）转化而来的。这类复合名词的词义与其相对应的短语动词的词义相关，因此学习时要借助这些短语动词来帮助理解和记忆。 $$