专题2.1 代词（重温高考 + 考点精析 + 易错点聚焦 + 考点集训）-2025届高考英语一轮复习【语法精准突破】

专题2.1 代 词 2025届高考英语一轮复习【语法精准突破】 目录 contents 1. 重温2020-2024年高考真题 考向1 人称、物主与反身代词 考向 2 替代词及不定代词 2. 考点精析 代词的核心考点 it 的用法 不定代词 3. 考点集训 I.单句语法填空 II.语法填空：基础训练(名词专练) III.语法填空：高考真题(综合训练) 1. (2023·全国卷甲卷)This area, with ____ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved __ (for) all people of the nation to enjoy — as a national park. 【解析】考查代词。句意：这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园保护好，为了所有国家的人都能享受。修饰名词beauty用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 2. (2023·全国新课标卷I) Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of _______ (they) contents. 【解析】考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents (东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 考向1 人称、物主与反身代词 单句语法填空 its their 3. (2020·全国卷II) Readers are encouraged to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of _____ (we) Further Resources section featured in each volume. 【解析】考查代词。所填的词在句中作定语，修饰名词Further Resources section，所以用形容词性的物主代词。故填our。 4. (2020·全国卷II) ... in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ______ (I). While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to visit! 【解析】考查名词性物主代词。根据前一句来理解，说明“......也深深在印在我的记忆中”，此处应该是my memory，然后依照语法规则，用mine来代替my memory。故填mine。 5. (2020·全国卷I) Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether _____ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。根据空格后的名词plan及前面的结构可知，此空要用形容词性物主代词。故填its。 our mine its 6. (2020·新高考全国卷I) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine __________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest. 【解析】考查反身代词的用法。句子主语是visitors，此空又在动词imagine后面做宾语，应该用反身代词。故填themselves。 7. (2018·全国卷I) If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give __________ a try. 【解析】考查代词或名词的用法。句意：如果你时间不充裕，你只需要花费其他运动一半的时间去跑步便可获得同样的好处，因此或许我们都应该试试跑步。此处give it a try意为： 试试。此处it 可以指running。故填it或running。 themselves it/running 8. (2018·浙江卷) Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _____ can be to eat out. 【解析】考查it用法。句子 how cheap...can be to eat out.是 由感叹句转换的宾语从句，正常语序应该是 it can be how cheap to eat out. 其中不定式 to eat out 是真正主语，it 是形式主语。故填 it。 9. (2017·浙江) Pahlsson screamed so loudly that her daughter came running from the house. “She thought I had hurt _______ (I),” says Pahlsson. 【解析】考查反身代词用法。句意：她原本以为我伤到了自己。根据句意可知用I 的反身代词 myself。 it myself 10. (全国 I ) On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _____ (it) mother. 【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。根据空格后的名词mother及前面的 a lively three-month-old twin可知要用形容词性物主代词。故填its。 11. (全国 I ) A few hours before, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with _____ (it) choking smog. 【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。空格后面有名词 smog，根据句子结构判断，要使用形容词性物主代词 its。故填its。 its its 12. (广东) Now it occurred to _____ (he) that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck. 【解析】考查代词。It occurred to sb. that...某人突然想到……，是一个固定句型，此句型中sb.为宾语，应用宾格形式，故填him。 13. (新课标全国II ) Then the driver stood up and asked, “Did anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh dear! It’s ________ (I).” 【解析】考查代词。此题答案不唯一，要根据语境仔细揣摩。此处的 it 如果指前面的suitcase的话，那么此空需要使用名词性物主代词mine，表示“那个箱子是我的”；如果指前面的 anyone 的话，那么此空需要用Ⅰ的宾格形式me，表示“是我在上一站丢失了手提箱”。 him me/mine 考向 2 替代词及不定代词 单句语法填空 1. (2024年1月浙江卷) Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking       (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. 【解析】考查代词。根据空白处前的 some of 可知，空白处应填不定代词 one 的复数形式 ones，some of +复数名词 / 代词意为“……中的一些”。故填ones。 2. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ) When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ______ (they) alive. 【解析】考查代词。此处用作 find 的宾语，指代前面的名词gorillas，所以用宾格 them。 ones them 3. (2017·全国 Ⅱ) However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using ____ every day. 【解析】考查代词。use是及物动词，其后接宾语，此处很明显缺少代词。分析句意可知，此处用 it 指代上文提到的 the railway。故填it。 4. (辽宁) Keep holding your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. Raise your leg and let _____ stay in the air for seconds. 【解析】考查代词。根据句意可知此处应填入指代 leg 的代词。句意：抬起腿，让它(it)在空中停一会儿。故填it。 it it 5. (广东) Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said ___ was a wonderful holiday destination. 【解析】考查代词。从空后的 a wonderful holiday destination 可知，这个地方就是Miami，用it指代前面提到的地点。故填it。 6. (广东) I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had an amazing conversation. It made ______ of us feel good. 【解析】考查代词。根据句意可知，空后的 us 指上文提到的“the man”和“I”，故此处指这使我们“两个人”都感到很好。故填both。 it both 2.考点精析 代词的分类 复 数 复 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 人称代词 主语 I you he, she, it we you they 宾格 me you him, her, it us you them 物主代词 形容词性 my your his, her, its our your their 名词性 mine yours his, hers, its ours yours theirs 反身代词 myself yourself himself, herself, itself ourselves yourselves themselves 指示代词 this, that, these, those, such, the same 疑问代词连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which 关系代词 who, whom, whose, which, that as 不定代词 some, any, every, each, many, much, a few, a little, all, none, both, either, neither, other, another 相互代词 each other, one another 代词分为九类，大多数代词具有名词和形容词的作用。 代词的核心考点 1. 人称代词 人称代词主格 I you (你) you (你们) we he she it they 人称代词宾格 me you you us him her it them 人称代词主格=主语/同位语 人称代词作主语时，应用主格形式 They always thought I would become an English teacher. 主语 主语 人称代词宾格用作表语/宾语： 人称代词宾格形式作及物动词或介词的宾语 人称代词宾格形式在系动词后作表语 ①I’m calling to ask you about the delivery. 我打电话给你，是询问发货的事。 作动词宾语 ②As he is just a small child, you must be patient with him. 他只不过是个小孩子,你应该对他耐心点。 作介词宾语 2. 物主代词 形容词性物主代词 my your (你的) your (你们的) our his her its their 名词性物主代词 mine yours yours ours his hers its theirs 形容词性物主代词(定语)+名词形容词性物主代词起形容词作用，置于名词前作定语形容词性物主代词 +own + 名词“某人自己的……” ①She drove her car into the local game reserve. 作定语，修饰car ②They made their own clothes. 作定语，修饰clothes 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词 名词性物主代词后不能接名词 在句中作主语、动词或介词的宾语或表语 ①Her apples are cheap. Mine are cheaper than hers. 她的苹果很便宜，我的比她的还便宜。 ②She’s an old friend of my mother’s. 她是我妈妈的一个老朋友。 作主语 作宾语 2. 反身代词 单数 myself yourself himself, herself, itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 动词/介词 +oneself/系动词 +oneself 反身代词在句中可作宾语、表语、同位语，但不可作主语 反身代词的人称和数必须与所指代的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致 ①I could not wait another day to introduce myself. 我一天都等不了, 急着要介绍我自己。 ②I will be myself in no time. 我一会儿就会好的。 作动词宾语 作表语 含反身代词的固定搭配 enjoy oneself 玩得愉快 teach oneself 自学 behave oneself 举止得体 seat oneself 坐下 come to oneself 苏醒 devote oneself to 致力于…… help oneself to 自己取用…… make oneself at home 不拘束 by oneself 独自地 of oneself 自动地 for oneself 为自己 in oneself 本身 it 的用法 it =上文出现的同一个人或事物 it 与 one/that 等代词用法在阅读理解的词义猜测题中是考查热点，应特别重视 it = 上文的原文/原物/原人 one = a(n)+ 单数可数名词 ones = 泛指的复数名词 the one = the + 单数可数名词 that = the + 单数可数名词/不可数名词 the ones/those =the +复数名词 ①Where is tea grown? It’s grown in the southeast of China. 什么地方种植茶？中国东南部种植茶。 ②My father gave me an excellent gift, one (= a gift) that I had never seen. 我父亲给了我一份非常好的礼物，一份我从来没有见过的（礼物）。 ③The weather these years is much hotter than that ten years ago. 这几年的天气比十年前热多了。 ④The students in Class One are more active than those (the students) in Class Four. 一班的学生比四班的学生活跃。 it 指代说话者不清楚的人/性别不明的婴儿 Someone must have been here. But we have no idea who it was. 一定有人来过，但我们不知道是谁。 it指代身份不明的人 it= 时间、天气、距离、环境等 ①Put on more clothes, Mary. It is very cold today. 多穿点衣服，Mary，今天外面很冷。 ②It is not far from my home to my school. 我家离我们学校不远。 指天气 指距离 it 作形式主语、代替不定式、动名词或从句 It be + adj. ( + of/for sb. ) +不定式 It be no good/use/pleasure + doing sth.做某事没有好处/用 处/乐趣 It is worthwhile to do/doing sth. 值得做某事 It takes (+ sb.) some time/money to do sth.（某人）花时间/ 钱做某事 It is a pity/a fact/no wonder + that 从句 很遗憾……/事实 是……/难怪…… It is said/reported/believed/considered...that 从句 据说/ 报道/相信/认为…… It occurs to/hits/strikes sb. that从句 某人突然想起…… ① It’s necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 你有必要在不用车时，将它锁上。 ② It is no pleasure staying at home doing homework all day. 整天呆在家里做家庭作业，让人感觉无趣。 ③ It’s a wonder that you could finish such a hard task in such a short time. 你在如此短的时间完成这么难的任务真是个奇迹。 形式主语 真正的主语 形式主语 形式主语 真正的主语 真正的主语 it 作形式宾语→主语 + 谓语 + it + to do / doing /从句 主语 +like / enjoy / prefer / love / hate / dislike / appreciate + when/if 从句 主语 + think / believe / find / consider / feel / make 等 + it + adj./ n. (for / of sb.) to do/从句 主语 + think / believe / find / consider / feel / make 等 + it + useless / worthwhile / no use / no good + doing... ①I would appreciate it if you pay back the money you borrowed. 如果你归还你借的钱，我将不胜感激。 ②I still find it hard to imagine that such a clever child should make such a foolish mistake. 我仍然觉得很难想像，一个这么聪明的孩子竟然会犯如此愚蠢的错误。 真正的宾语 形式宾语 形式宾语 真正的宾语 it 用于固定结构 make it 成功；设法到达；约定时间 manage it 设法做成 get it 明白 take it easy 别着急 as it is 照现状 as someone put it 照某人所说 Don’t mention it.不客气。 believe it or not 信不信由你 when it comes to...谈到…… 不定代词 不同范围下不定代词的使用 都 任何（一个） 都不 另外 两者 both either neither the other 三者或三者以上 all any none another ①They both love outdoor pursuits. 他们俩都喜欢户外活动。 ②He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found either of them again. 他的脾气和健康在战争中变得很差，并且之后再也没恢复过来。 ③Feeling so sorry, my mother promised to prepare another (one) at once. 妈妈感到很抱歉，答应马上再准备一份。 ④You know pretty well everyone here, one way or the other. 你不管怎么说肯定非常了解这里的每个人。 many, much, few, little few“很少人（或事物、地方）”、a few“有些（人、事物、地 方）；一些”，指代复数名词 little“不多的”，a little“少量的；一些”，指代不可数名词 many“许多”，修饰可数名词复数；much表示“许多”，修饰 不可数名词 ①In the daytime, he made a little money by fishing and raising pigs. 白天，他靠打鱼和养猪赚点小钱。 ②Very few of those interviewed spoke positively about their childhood. 接受采访的人当中，很少有人说他们的童年是快乐的。 表肯定含义，修饰 不可数名词 money 表否定含义，指代可数名词teachers none, nothing, no one / nobody 的区别 none 指人或物，表特指，可与 of 短语连用，对应疑问词 how many / much nothing指物，表泛指，不与of短语连用，对应疑问词 what no one/nobody 指代人，表泛指，不与of短语连用，对应疑问词 who ①Everyone is a fool sometimes, but none is a fool forever. 每个人都有愚蠢的时候，但没有一个永远愚蠢的人。 ②Unfortunately, no one took my opinion seriously. 不幸的是，没有人严肃地看待我的意见。 代词的部分否定和全部否定 all, both, everyone, everybody, everything以及“every +名词”与 not 连用时，表部分否定 no one, nobody, none, neither, not...any/either 以及“no+ 名词”表全部否定 not 与总括性副词，如：everywhere, always 等连用时，也表示部分否定 ①Not all of them were acting out of self-interest. /All of them were not acting out of self-interest. 他们当中，并非所有人的行动都是出于利己的目的。 ②Not both of the books are to my taste. / Both of the books are not to my taste. 并非两本书都符合我的口味。 ③Every student didn’t go to movie yesterday night. 并非每个学生昨天晚上都去看电影了。 ④Not everybody in our class likes reading classical novels. 并非我们班的每个人都喜欢看古典小说。 ⑤The simple fact is that not everything from history survives the historical process. 一个简单的事实是，并非历史上的一切都能在历史进程中幸存。 习惯搭配中的不定代词 nothing but 仅仅；只是 anything but 决不 each other（两者）互相 one another (三者或以上）互相 one after another 一个接一个 every other day 每隔一天 some...others...一些……另一些…… some..., the others..一些……，其余的全部…… one..., the others...一个……，其余的全部…… some... some...others..有些……，有些……，另一些…… 1.单句语法填空：（用适当的代词填空） 1. The number of founders over 50 was twice as large as _____ under 25. 2. I only take on work that excites me, even if ____ means turning down lots of money. 3. The kind neighbors once helped ____ out when she was in big trouble. 4. Yuan Longping spent _____ whole life doing research into rice and the achievement he made will be remembered by us all forever. 5. Some actors are a little strange and they never watch __________ on screen. that it her his themselves 3.考点集训 6. Since you are very tired, I’ll let you off _____ housework this time. 7. When our washing machine broke, our neighbors were so kind to let us use _______. 8. He was very rich, but I had to make money to support my family. His world seemed so different from ______. 9. The mother didn’t know ______ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. 10. I never thought there would be so many camera to choose from, so I could decide _______ to buy. your theirs mine who which As spring winds blew, a huge crowd gathered in a field in Weifang, Shandong Province, looking to the skies in awe (敬畏). Overhead, a sea of colorful kites in varieties of sizes danced—______ designs featuring high-speed trains, dragons, whales and cartoon characters, among _______.  The 40th Weifang International Kite Festival attracted more than 150 teams from 59 countries and regions, who sent ______ kites skyward for the opening ceremony on April 15. The festival lasts for about a month. “Weifang is known nationwide for _____ vegetables, so vegetable kites are designed to salute ______ hometown,” said Wang Yongxun, an experienced kite maker in Weifang, who also brought along ________ type of kite.  Stanislav Kolbintsev, ______ comes from Russia, was attending the festival for the first time. He brought along an innovative (新颖的) kite bearing the image of a traditional bird painting. ____ took him more than six months to make the kite. “For me, flying kites is a lifestyle. It’s important for me to attend the festival to share _____ hobby with friends,” he said.  Statistics from the organizing committee showed that the festival attracted more than 100,000 people on the opening day. _____ is a kite festival with the largest variety of kites.  Ⅱ.语法填空(代词专练) their others their its our another who It my It III.语法填空：高考真题(综合训练) (2021年6月浙江高考）It doesn’t impress like George Washington’s plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, __________ (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored (修复) to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln’s home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it ____ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser who performed their __________ (marry) ceremony in 1842. When the house was built, it was much ________ (small) than it is today. Mary’s niece wrote, “The little home _____________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ________ (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order.” Although Mary loved flowers, _______ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A longtime neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over ________ (plant) flowers in the front yard. _____ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and _____ (sell) most of their furniture. has proved for marriage smaller was painted herself neither to plant The sold Thank you $$