专题2.2 冠词（重温高考 + 考点精析 + 易错点聚焦 + 考点集训）-2025届高考英语一轮复习【语法精准突破】

专题2.2 冠 词 2025届高考英语一轮复习【语法精准突破】 1. 重温2020-2024年高考真题 目录 contents 考向 1表特指的定冠词和表泛指的不定冠词 考向 2 固定结构中的冠词 2. 考点精析 不定冠词的核心考点 定冠词的核心考点 零冠词的使用 3.书面表达中冠词易错点聚焦 4. 考点集训 I.单句语法填空 II.语法填空：基础训练(名词专练) III.语法填空：高考真题(综合训练) 1.重温高考真题 考向 1表特指的定冠词和表泛指的不定冠词 单句语法填空 1. (2024年1月浙江高考卷) ... with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, _______ other stays fresh. 【解析】考查冠词。根据空白处前一句中的 two halves 和空前的 one 可知，空白处应填表示特指的定冠词，the other 在此意为“（两个中的）另外那一个”。故填the。 2. (2023·全国II卷) Not the pandas, even though _______ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 【解析】考查定冠词。句意：不管是熊猫，即使医疗培训说明书上使用的语言实际上是英语。空后有过去分词做后置定语，这里特指在医疗培训说明书上使用的语言。故用the。 the the 3. (2022·全国II卷) ______ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. 【解析】考查定冠词。此处表示特指布朗一家人，常用the+姓氏，另外此处位于句首，首字母应该大写。故用The。 4. (2021·全国I卷) While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ____ must to visit! 【解析】考查不定冠词。句意：当你在中国游玩的时候，一定要去Mount Huangshan！a must指“一件必须要做的事”。故用a。 The a 5. (2021·全国II卷) A company representative wrote back and told me the airline was switching over _____ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.  【解析】考查冠词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，航空公司在每天的1200个航班上都会把塑料杯换成纸杯。此处特指“1,200个航班上使用的塑料杯”，所以用定冠词the。 6. (2019·全国I卷) Of ____ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 【解析】考查定冠词。此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。 the the 7. (2019·全国II卷) When we got a call saying she was short-listed, we thought it was ____ joke. 【解析】考查不定冠词。根据句意“我们还以为这是一个玩笑”可知，此处joke为泛指，故填 a。 8. (2018·全国卷Ⅱ) Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ____ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. 【解析】考查定冠词。句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%。故是特指在过去的25 年里。故填 the。 a the 9. (2017·全国卷II) This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over ____ top. 【解析】考查定冠词。句意：这包括挖掘道路，铺设轨道，然后在顶部建造坚固的屋顶。此处特指“地铁的顶部”，故用定冠词the。 10. (2017·全国Ⅲ) Instead, she is earning £ 6,500 a day as ____ model in New York. 【解析】考查不定冠词。句意为：相反，作为一名模特，她在纽约每天收入 6,500英镑。用不定冠词 a 表泛指。故填a。 the a 1. (2024·全国新课标卷I) Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse __ (walks) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for _____ first time. 【解析】考查冠词。句意：亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配：for the first time，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。 the 考向 2 固定结构中的冠词 单句语法填空 2. (2022·全国卷I) Covering an area about three times _____ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 【解析】考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。分析句子可知，此处考查倍数表达法，即为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份，因此此处应填定冠词the。故填the。 the 3. (2020·新高考全国卷II) Each volume in the set explores _____ wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, 　and discusses the influences they have on everyday life. 【解析】考查冠词。句意：每一卷在一套探索广泛的材料，解释了数字系统的主要应用的基本概念。a wide range of...“广泛的……”，固定短语。故用a。 a 4. (2019·全国浙江卷) Everybody wears _____ same style of clothes. 【解析】考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与the连用修饰名词。故填 the。 the 5. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ) Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ____ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. 【解析】考查冠词。此处为固定短语 at the top of，表示“在......的顶端”，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。故填the。 the 6. (2017·全国卷I ) As ____ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. 【解析】考查不定冠词。as a result 意为“(......)的结果”，是一个固定搭配。故填a。 a 7. (全国 Ⅱ) Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for ___ while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy. 【解析】考查不定冠词。句意：让你的身体和思想休息一会儿。固定表达 for a while 一会儿。故填a。 a 5. (全国II ) The adobe dwellings (土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _____ most modern of architects and engineers. 【解析】考查定冠词。空格之后为形容词的最高级形式most modern，应该填定冠词。故用the。 the 2.考点精析 框架结构图 冠词 基本用法 固定搭配 a/an的一般用法 the的一般用法 分类 定冠词(the) 零冠词 不定冠词 a/an 用an的20个元音音素 不定冠词的核心考点 1.表示数量“一”，相当于“one”。 It typically takes a day or two, depending on size. 2.表示“同一”，相当于“the same”。 The students in the same grade are of an age. 3.表示泛指或类指，指人或事物的某一个或某一类。 I’m going to be a doctor like Zhong Nanshan. A horse is a useful animal. 4.用于首次提到的单数可数名词前。 The teacher recommended us to buy an English-English dictionary. 5.用于某一表示重量、长度、时间等的单位前，表示“每一”。 My mother adores bananas and eats two a day. 6,用于专有名词前表示类似的一个或某一个,相当于“a certain”。 A Mr. Smith is asking to see you tomorrow morning. 7.与某些物质名词或抽象名词连用，表示“一种/一类/一份/一场/一阵/……”。 A saying about rain during this time mentions, “A heavy rainfall makes the river full.” Tomorrow is Father’s Day. Let’s get prepared tonight to give Dad a big surprise. 8.用于序数词前表示“又一,再一”。 It’s so wonderful that I want to watch it in a second time. 9.表示季节、月份、日期、三餐的名词前有修饰语时,前面可用不定冠词。 After a warm winter, temperatures were particularly high in the spring. We had a big supper when my children came back home on weekends. 10.用在某些固定词组中。 have a swim 去游泳 all of a sudden 突然之间 as a result (of) 结果（是） once in a while 偶尔 in a hurry 匆忙地 as a whole 整体上 at a time 某（一）次 定冠词的核心考点 1.用于上文提到过的人或事物前。 I bought a dictionay. The dictionay is very useful to my study. 2.用于说话人与听话人都知道的人或事物前。 Please shut the door. A bit loud noise on the stairs outside. 3.用于表示世界上独一无二的事物前，如: Black clouds blocked out the sun, and it began to rain. 4.用于表示方位的名词之前，如： I come from Cambridge, a beautiful city in the east of England. 5.用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前，如：the first, the most interesting。 6.用于“the+比较级，the+比较级”中，表示“越……越……”。 The sooner, the better. 7.用于表示两者相比“较……的那个人或物”的比较级形式前。 Of the two brothers, Lexis Leblun is the taller and smarter. 8.用于形容词之前，使其名词化，表示一类人，如：the old, the poor, the dead。 Wealth needs to be redistributed from the rich to the poor. 9.用于由普通名词构成的专有名词(如国名、组织机构、建筑物、报纸、会议、条约等的名称)之前,如：the Great Wall, the United States 等。 He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 10.用于江河、海洋、海峡、山脉、群岛等名词之前，如：the West Lake。 11.用于复数姓氏之前，表示“夫妇”或“全家”，如：the Whites。 When the Whites go on holiday, they usually sleep in a tent. 12. 用于作为课程或演奏等的西洋乐器名词前，如：play the piano, play the violin。 He taught himself to play the piano and practised for hours a day. 13.用于表示度量单位的名词前，如：by the day。 He has a part-time job which is paid by the day. 14.用于年代、朝代、时代名词前，如：in the 1970s。 In the 1970s, many countries established diplomatic relations with China. 15.用于某些固定词组中，如：all the time, at the age of, in the end, by the way, in the form of 等。 零冠词的情况 1.不含普通名词的专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词，如：China, America。 2.可数名词前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等限制时，不加冠词。 Stephen Hawking’s theory about black holes proved to be correct. 3.季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐名称前一般不加冠词，如: March, on Sunday, have supper。 4.称呼语前不加冠词。 What shall we eat at today’s dinner, Mother? 5.表示独一无二的头衔、职务名词作表语、同位语或补足语时，一般不加冠词。 6.学科名称、球类、棋类名称前不加冠词。 7.复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时，其前不加冠词。 8.在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。 Your school is not far from home, so you can go there on foot, not by taxi. 9.连系动词 turn后的表语单数可数名词前不加冠词。 The young man has turned writer, but his brother remained a worker. 10.as, though引导让步状语从句时须倒装，其表语(单数可数名词)置于句首时不加冠词。 Child as he is, he knows three kinds of foreign languages. 11.某些固定词组中不加冠词，如：husband and wife, arm in arm 注意下列词组的区别： go to school 去上学 go to the school 到学校去(不一定是去上学) go to/be at church 去做礼拜/在做礼拜 go to/be at the church 去/在教堂(不一定是做礼拜) go to bed 就寝，上床睡觉 go to the bed 向床走去，走到床前(不一定是去睡觉) go to sea 出海(是海员） go to the sea 去海边(不一定是海员) be in hospital 在住院 be in the hospital 在医院里(不一定是病人) be in prison 在坐牢 be in the prison 在监狱（不一定是犯人） in front of 在……(外部)的前面 in the front of 在……（内部)的前面 at table 吃饭 at the table 在桌旁(不一定是吃饭) by day 在白天 by the day 按天计算 take place 发生 take the place of 代替 in possession of sth. 拥有某物 in the possession of sb.为某人所拥有 in sight of 能看见，看得见 in the sight of 在……看来；从……观点来看 3.书面表达中冠词易错点聚焦 由于受到汉语的干扰，冠词错用或遗漏是我们中国学生在写作中常见的错误类型之一。 存在的误区有以下几种： 1.对抽象名词具体化的应用判断失误 The general opinion is that the conference was success. The general opinion is that the conference was a success. (误) (正) 2.冠词在一些固定结构中的误用 Jay Zhou has the gift for music and he is talented both in posing and singing as well. Jay Zhou has a gift for music and he is talented both in posing and singing as well. The best thing to do is have words with the driver as you get on the bus. The best thing to do is have a word with the driver as you get on the bus. (误) (正) (误) (正) 3.冠词表示类别和不用冠词时的易错点 In many places of China, a bicycle is still the popular means of transportation. In many places of China, the bicycle is still a popular means of transportation. (误) (正) I.单句语法填空 1. I felt someone patted me on ______ shoulder and turned back. 2. Xi’ an was _____ starting point of world famous “Silk Road”. 3. The child had only ____ slight temperature, but the doctor regarded the illness as serious enough for hospital treatment. 4. —What is Jack going to do with all his money? —He says he has always dreamed of taking trip around _____ world. 5. Just now you said you always got to work on ____ 8 o’clock train. But would ____ later train get you to work on time? 4. 考 点 集 训 the the a the the a 6. I would like to have a room, ______ window of which opens to the south. 7. Mr Taylor has ____ 8-year-old daughter who has a gift for painting --- she has gained two national prizes. 8. The Wilsons live in ____ A-shaped house near the coast. It is the 17th cottage. 9. Jumping out of the airplane at ten thousand feet is quite ____ exciting experience. 10. The cakes are delicious. He’s like ____ third one because the second one is too small. an an an the a Phrygian caps will be ____ Paris 2024 Olympic and Paralympic Games mascots as organizers look to celebrate ____ French revolution’s spirit. “Phryges’ aim to show that sport can change everything, and that it deserves to have ____ prominent place in our society,” Paris 2024 brand director Julie Matikhine said on Monday. It’s ____ symbol of revolution and freedom, of striving. It’s ____ icon seen over centuries, from the Notre Dame Cathedral to the Eiffel Tower. More specifically, it’s ____ red bonnet famously worn by Marianne, ____ artistic personification of the free French republic. “____ mascot must embody the French spirit... It’s ___ ideal, a kind of conviction that carries ____ values of our country, and which has been built up over time, over history.” ____ red Phrygian caps come in two versions- the Olympic and the Paralympic one - with ____ blade leg. Ⅱ.语法填空(冠词专练) the the a a an the an The the The the a III.语法填空：高考真题(综合训练) (2019年6月浙江高考）There are several reasons why school uniforms are a good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ____________ (have) to worry about fashion (时尚). Everybody wears ____ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways. A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___________ gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or _______ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ______ (easy) see them.      But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ____ this question is not clear. One study in America found that students’ grades _________ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn’t want ________ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no _____________________ (connect) between uniforms and school performance. School uniforms are __________ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don’t have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms. has/will have the that/which cycling easily to improved to wear connection/connections traditional Thank you $$